2022年人教版新课标必修三 Unit 1 单元导学案
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Unit 1 Festivals around the world
一.单词考点
Section A Warming-up,Reading&Comprehending
1.celebrate庆祝(仪式、庆典等);(以文章、演说等)颂扬,赞美.歌颂
eg:We celebrate New Year with a party.
区别:celebrate,congratulate
⑴celebrate宾语是事,指庆祝令人快乐的事情或日子。如仪式、典礼、生日等。
⑵congratulate宾语是人,常用于固定搭配congratulate sb.on/upon (doing)sth.
2.starve(使)饿死;饿得要死
搭配:
starve to death饿死(=be starved to death饿死)
starve to do sth.渴望去做某事
starve for sth.(=be starved for sth.)渴望获得,迫切需要;缺乏
eg:①The patient’s brain was starved for oxygen.
②I have been starving to see you.
3.in memory of为纪念
eg:She wrote a poem in memory of those who died in the earthquake.
拓展:memory [C]“回忆〞[C,U]记忆(力)[C]存储(器)
memorial[C]纪念碑,纪念堂,纪念物;纪念的,记忆的
区别:in honor of,in memory of
⑴in honor of“为纪念,为庆祝〞一般指对那些做出重大历史奉献的历史人物的悼念。含“庆祝〞之意。
⑵in memory of“纪念,追念〞指一般的纪念,是为了让人们记得一件发生的事情。含“追念〞之意。
注:常见常考的以“in+n+of〞类型的短语 in honor of(为了)纪念;(为了)向……表示敬意
in charge of负责;掌管
in place of代替
in favor of支持;赞成
in want of需要
in face of面对
in need of需要
in support of支持
in search of寻找,寻求
in celebration of庆祝
in praise of赞美,歌颂
in terms of就……而言,谈及
in the shape of以……的形状
4.belief n(—believe vt)的用法
⑴[C]“信念;相信;认为正确或确实的事物〞
搭配:
It’s one’s belief that…(=One’s belief is that…)某人相信……
beyond belief(因太大、太难、太可怕等)难以置信的,不可思议的
in the belief that...相信……
eg:My belief is that we will win the game.
⑵[C] ,教义,信条
eg:Nothing will shake her belief in God.
eg:If you are selling,you have to belief in the product.
⑶[U]belief in sb./sth.对……的真实性和正确性所具有的信心;对……的 或信赖
搭配: have (no)belief in对……(无)信心
have belief (that…〕相信…… 〔其中,that引导同位语从句〕
shake one’s belief in sth.动摇某人对某事的信心
注:believe vt“信任;信心; 〞
短语:
believe sb.(=believe what sb.said=believe one’s words)相信某人(的话)
believe in信任;信赖
believe it or not信不信由你
5.dress up盛装;打扮;装饰(注:其后既可跟人也可跟物作宾语。)
搭配:
dress up in…穿……服装打扮
dress up as打扮成……
区别:dress,put on,have on,wear
⑴dress表示给自己或他人穿衣服,作及物动词时其宾语只能是人。短语:be
dressed in...“穿……衣服〞
⑵put on强调穿的动作,其宾语可以是衣服、帽子、鞋、手套、眼镜等。
⑶have on(=be wearing)强调穿的状态,意为“穿着,戴着〞,无被动、无进行。
⑷wear指“穿着,戴着〞,后接穿戴的东西,可用于进行时。
eg:①The lady always dresses up as a young girl.
②The whole family were dressing up the new flat.
6.trick的用法
⑴作n时,[C]“诡计;恶作剧;窍门〞
搭配:
play a trick on/upon sb.捉弄某人
have a trick of doing sth.有做某事的习惯 eg:He likes playing tricks on others.
⑵作vt时,“欺骗,诈骗〞
搭配:
trick sb.into doing sth.骗得/诱使某人做某事
trick sb.out of sth.骗取某人某物
eg:Mother tricked the baby into taking the medicine.
7.arrival[U]“到达;抵达〞
搭配:
on/upon one’s arrival in/at...一到达……
the arrival of... ……的到达
8.gain的用法
⑴作vt时,“获得,得到,受益;增加,增进〞
eg:①He gained experience from the failures.
②Within two weeks,he gained 5 pounds in weight.
⑵作n时,[C,U]“收益,获利;财富〞
eg:①No pains,no gains.
②She only seems to be interested in personal gain.
区别:gain,obtain,get,acquire,win,earn
⑴gain指经过努力艰难地获得,所得之物有一定价值,宾语多为skill,experience,wealth,money,weight,respect,support等还可用于gain(sth.)from
(doing)sth.“做某事得到某物〞结构。但它不接双宾语。
⑵obtain指没有付出多大努力而获得。
⑶get指一般的获得。可指主动争取,也可指被动接受。有时不一定需要付出很大的努力。
⑷acquire主要指获得知识、能力等。 ⑸win主要指在竞争、比赛或辩论中击败对手而获得胜利;还可指通过自己的努力获得别人的支持、合同的签订、别人的羡慕以及金钱或奖品。此外,win可以跟双宾语。
⑹earn指经过艰苦努力而得到报酬。短语:earn/make one’s living谋生
9.gather,collect,select的区别
⑴gather vt./vi.“聚集〞,指把人、分散的东西或抽象的东西集合起来。
⑵collect vt./vi.“收集〞,指有一定目的、分门别类的收集,侧重其方案性和选择性。
⑶select vt.“筛选,精选〞,指优中选优,尤指挑选最好的或最适宜的。
10.award的用法
⑴作n时,[C]奖,奖品,奖金
eg:She was invited to attend the award ceremony of Oscar.
⑵作vt时,“授予,给予;奖给;赏给;判给〞
搭配:
award sth.to sb.(=award sb.sth.)把某物颁发给/判给某人
eg:①The 2021 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to Mo Yan.
②The judge awarded a large sum of money to those hurt by the fire.
区别award,prize,reward作名词
⑴award可作动词或名词,指为鼓励在工作中到达或完成所提出的要求或条件的人而进行的奖励,强调荣誉,
而不在于奖品的大小或奖金的多少。
⑵reward可作动词或名词,指对某人的工作或效劳等的报答。也指因帮助警察抓到罪犯或帮失主找到东西而得
到的赏金、酬金,并不指某种荣誉。短语:in reward作为报答
⑶prize指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽彩中所赢得的奖。这些奖有的凭能力获得,有的凭运气获得。
11.admire“赞美;钦佩;羡慕〞的用法 admiration[U]“赞美;钦佩〞
搭配:
admire oneself自我欣赏
admire oneself in the mirror照镜子
admire sb.for sth.因某事钦佩/羡慕某人
eg:Stop looking admiring yourself the mirror in.
12.look forward to“期望;期待;盼望〞
look forward向前看;展望未来
look ahead向前看;为将来打算
look back on回忆
look down up(on)看不起,瞧不起
look into调查
look on…as…把……看作……(=consider/think of...as)
look out for注意,留意,查看
look through浏览;温习;看穿;彻底审查;仔细检查;审核
look around向四周看
look up查找
look up to尊敬,仰慕
13.day and night日夜,昼夜;整天
有关day的短语:
all day(=all the day)一整天
by the day按天计算
day after day天天,日复一日(强调重复)
day by day一天天地,渐渐地(强调变化)