sentence elements 英语句子成分
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英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。
(1)主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。
如:I’m Miss Green.
(2)谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。
如:Jack cleans the room.
(3)表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如:My name is Alice。
(4)宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。
如:He can spell the word.
有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter..
有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me .
(5)定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如:Shanghai is a big city .
(6)状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。如:He works hard .
(7)宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。
如:They usually keep their classroom clean. / He often helps me do my lessons.
三、简单的五种基本句型:
1、S(主) + Vi(不及物动词)(谓语) ——→主动结构
例如:Time flies.
1)S + V + 副词(状语)
例如:Birds sing beautifully.
2)S + Vi + 介词短语(状语)
例如:He went on holiday.
3)S + Vi + 不定式(状语)
句子成分英语怎么说
Sentence Components: How to Say in English。
In English grammar, a sentence is made up of different components, each with its
own function and position within the sentence. Understanding these components is
essential for constructing clear and effective sentences. In this document, we will discuss
the different sentence components in English and how to use them correctly.
Subject。
The subject of a sentence is the person, place, thing, or idea that is doing or being
something. It is usually a noun or a pronoun. For example, in the sentence "The cat is
sleeping," the subject is "the cat."
Predicate。
The predicate is the part of the sentence that tells something about the subject. It
includes the verb and any objects or complements that are associated with the action of
the verb. For example, in the sentence "The cat is sleeping," the predicate is "is sleeping."
语法精讲:句子成分和基本句子结构
知识点1 句子成分
句子是表达思想的基本单位,主要句子成分(sentence elements)有主语(S)、谓语(V)、宾语(0)、补语(C)、状语(A)、表语(P)、定语(Attr.)等。具体如下:
1.主语(subject):表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,置于句首。如:
The students are listening to me carefully. They want to learn English well. Learning English well
isn't as hard as you think.学生们在认真听我讲课。他们想学好英语,学好英语不像你想的那么难。
2.谓语(verb):说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征,由动词或动词短语充当,位于主语之后。如:
He runs every morning.他每天早上跑步。
You may keep the book for two weeks.这本书你可以借两周。
The students are playing basketball on the playground.学生们正在操场上打篮球。
The film is interesting.这部电影很有趣。
3. 宾语(object):指动作所涉及的人或事物。一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,位于动词或介词之后。有的动词后面可以接两个宾语,通常把其中表示人的宾语称为间接宾语(indirect object),把表示物的宾语称为直接宾语(direct object)。如:
He is going to buy a dictionary.他打算买本词典。(动词的宾语)
We should learn from him.我们应向他学习。(介词的宾语)
Lend me your book,please.请把你的书借给我。
1
句子成分和结构是英语的基础,是理解和表达英语的关键。英语中许多词类都对句子成分和结构
有影响。英语中的句子是由词或短语组成的,这些词或短语在句子中起一定的作用,叫做句子成分。
英语的篇章是由句子构成的,不同的内容需要不同类型的句式结构,这些句式结构又构成英语中不同
的句子类型。学习英语句法的基础是了解句子成分、句子的基本结构和句子种类。在英文中句子成分
包括: (直接宾语、间接宾语) 等。
:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的 或 。一般由名词、代词、
不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。它 。如:
( 1 ) Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)
( 2 ) He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)
( 3 ) Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)
( 4 ) To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure. (不定式作主语)
( 5 ) What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)
:指出下例句中主语的中心词。 2 1).The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.
2).There is an old man coming here.
3).The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.
4).To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
说明主语 或 。谓语(谓语部分里主要的词) 。谓语