数字口译

一、教学目标1. 知识目标：（1）使学生掌握数字口译的基本概念、原则和方法；（2）使学生熟悉数字口译常用的专业术语和表达方式；（3）使学生了解数字口译在不同场景下的应用。

2. 能力目标：（1）培养学生数字口译的听、说、读、写能力；（2）提高学生的数字口译实践能力，使学生能够在实际工作中进行数字口译；（3）培养学生分析问题和解决问题的能力。

3. 情感目标：（1）激发学生对数字口译的兴趣，提高学习积极性；（2）培养学生的团队协作精神，提高人际沟通能力；（3）培养学生严谨、求实的科学态度。

二、教学内容1. 数字口译的基本概念和原则；2. 数字口译的专业术语和表达方式；3. 数字口译在不同场景下的应用；4. 数字口译技巧和策略；5. 数字口译实践案例分析。

三、教学方法1. 讲授法：讲解数字口译的基本概念、原则、技巧和策略；2. 案例分析法：通过分析实际数字口译案例，使学生了解数字口译的应用场景和技巧；3. 实践法：通过模拟数字口译场景，提高学生的实际操作能力；4. 小组讨论法：分组讨论数字口译中的难点和问题，培养学生的团队协作能力；5. 互动教学法：教师与学生互动，解答学生在学习过程中遇到的问题。

四、教学过程1. 导入：介绍数字口译的背景、意义和发展趋势，激发学生的学习兴趣；2. 讲解：讲解数字口译的基本概念、原则、技巧和策略；3. 案例分析：分析实际数字口译案例，使学生了解数字口译的应用场景和技巧；4. 实践：模拟数字口译场景，让学生进行实际操作，提高学生的实践能力；5. 小组讨论：分组讨论数字口译中的难点和问题，培养学生的团队协作能力；6. 总结：总结本节课的主要内容，解答学生在学习过程中遇到的问题。

五、教学评价1. 课堂表现：评价学生在课堂上的学习态度、参与度和积极性；2. 作业完成情况：评价学生完成作业的质量和数量；3. 实践操作能力：评价学生在实际操作中的表现，包括准确性、速度和流畅度；4. 小组讨论表现：评价学生在小组讨论中的表现，包括参与度、贡献度和协作能力。

口译基础知识与技巧9口译中的难点——数字口译数字口译是译员的基本功之一，也是口译中的难点之一。

英汉两种语言的数字系统有较大的差异，英语中主要计数单位有hundred（百）、thousand（千）、million（百万）、billion（十亿）、trillion（万亿），而汉语的计数单位要更具体，从个、十、百到千万、亿、十亿等。

口译的数字笔记时可采用分节号记录法，每三位数用逗号隔开。

例如，把“六十三万七千一百五十三”记成637,153，然后译成637 thousand 153。

译员还常常采用填空记录法，即口译开始前绘制一张英汉数字单位对照表，如下：若是汉英口译则将数字记录至对应汉语数字单位上方，参照下方的英语单位读出来。

若是英汉口译则将数字记录至对应英语数字单位的下方，参照上方的汉语单位读出来。

这样相对容易些。

汉语中表达数字时基本以四个单位为一组，如“个、十、百、千”、“万、十万、百万、千万”、“亿、十亿、百亿、千亿”，读出的数字常是“××××亿××××万×千”。

英语中表达数字时基本以三个单位为一组，如“个、十、百”、“千、万、十万”、“百万、千万、亿”、“十亿、百亿、千亿”等，即以thousand 来表达“万、十万”，以million来表达“千万、亿”，以“trillion”来表达“百亿、千亿”，即10 thousand、100 thousand、10 million、100 million等以此类推。

例如，听到汉语的“三十二亿五千一百一十三万七千”，按照英文数字单位换算再读成：3 billion 251 million 137 thousand。

另外，有时汉语中出现较大的数字，如“××亿”“××万”，没有具体到“千百”等较小的单位，为了读数的方便，译员可利用小数点的作用以大单位为基点，即只出现trillion或billion或million，这样也方便译员朗读和听众记录。

1.“十万和十万以内”的数字用thousand来表示，原数小数点右移一位。

5.88万58 thousand and 8 hundred47.8万478 thousand2.“百万”以上数字用million来表示，原数小数点左移两位。

483万 4.83m493.5万 4.935m4516万45.16m一百五十万零八千150.8万 1.508m（one million five hundred and eight thousand)3.“10亿以内”的数字用“million”表示，原数小数点右移两位。

1.26 亿126m5亿500m4.925亿492.5m（四亿九千二百五十万）4.“10亿以上”的数字用“billion”表示，原数小数点往左移一位。

13亿 1.3b157亿15.7b265.5亿26.55b5.“10 thousand以上”的数字用万来表示，原数小数点左移一位。

50 thousand and 6 hundred 5.06万6.“1/10 million”以上数字用万表示，原数小数点右移两位。

4.83m 483万45.16m 4516万1.508m 150.8万一百五十万零八千7.“100 million”以上数字用亿表示，原数小数点左移两位。

130m 1.3亿526m 5.26亿8.“billion以上”的数字用“亿”表示，原数小数点右移一位。

1.3b 13亿15.7b 157亿26.55b 265.5亿十几个more than ten几十个dozens of几十年decades of八十好几well over eighty上万的tens of thousands of成千上万的thousands upon thousands of几十万的hundreds of thousands of五十万的half a million of千百万的millions upon millions of千千万万的thousands and tens of thousands上亿的、亿万的、无数的hundreds of millions of1）增加…倍。

1．数字口译的技巧6．1 基本原则：先求准确，再求快速6．2 数字口译的基础技巧（“视译”练习见梅德明p437-441;王斌华p124）熟读英汉单位数字的读音英语以“三位数”（three-digit）为单位; 汉语以“四位数”（four-digit）为单位。

英语中从小到大单位为thousand, million; billion; trillion; 汉语是“万”“亿”。

如：5,678,120,000; 56’7812’0000注意听准和读准-teen和-ty-teen音节要重读，且其中元音为长元音，发音长而清晰;-ty音节不重读，且其中元音为短元音，发音短而急促。

口译时需注意英美数字读法的差异部分有一个逗点的数字（四位数），如：3,600，英国人读three thousand and six hundred; 美国人多读thirty-six hundred。

有三个逗点的数字（十位数），如：4,000,000,000，英four thousand million; 美four billion （因为英国billion指“万亿”）英国英语在百位和十位之间加读and，而美国英语往往不用and。

时间的表达上英美读法也有差异：美国英语中常用before/ till代替to; 用after代替past。

分数、小数、百分数的读法规律分数：2/3—two thirds; 如果遇到较复杂的分数，读法用over代表分数线，如20/87—twenty over eighty-seven。

小数：小数点读作point，小数点后的数字逐个分别读，小数点前的数若为0读作zero或not，也可略去不读; 小数点后的0读作英文字母o的读音。

百分数：用per cent表示。

汉语把百分数说成“几成”，“一成”即10%。

6. 3数字口译的提高技巧如何记录是关键：用阿拉伯数字，而不是汉语或单词。

最难记录也是最容易犯错误的是中间包含有0的长列数字，如:*** 英译汉：4,021,907,650,301原语读作：four trillion / twenty-one billion / nine hundred and seven million / six hundred and fifty thousand / three hundred and one记录中，听到trillion; billion; million; thousand时，用下标逗点表示：4,21,907,650,301，然后，关键一步—逗点之间不足三位的在左边加0，即还原成：4,021,907,650,301然后，按四位标注，用汉语读出：4’0219’0765’0301 四万零二百一十九亿七百六十五万三百零一*** 汉译英：4,021,907,650,301原语读作：4’0219’0765’0301 四万零二百一十九亿七百六十五万三百零一记录中，听到万亿; 亿; 万时用上标逗点表示：4’219’ 765’ 301然后，关键一步—逗点之间不足四位的在左边加0，即还原成：4’0219’ 0765’ 0301按三位数标注，用英语读出：4,021,907,650,301熟记英汉语之间基本单位的转换（梅德明p435-436）数字口译中倍数的表达*** 倍数翻译最根本的问题在于要搞清楚是否包括基数。

Unit Nine Interpreting Academic SpeechesEnglish to ChineseMethods and Skills ---- Interpreting NumbersTen thousand 万hundred thousand 十万Ten million 千万hundred million 亿三位以内数字的口译：Three hundred and seventyEight hundred and thirty-nine2.卩q位以上数字的口译：第一个逗号前一位译成千，前两位译成万，前三位译成十万;第二个逗号前一位译成百万，前两位译成千万，前三位译成亿；第三个逗号前一位译成十亿，前两位译成百亿，前三位译成千亿.1,369■…one thousand three hundred and sixty nine6,003——six thousand and three15,600-…fifteen thousand six hundred75,426,391■—seventy five million, four hundred and twenty six thousandjhree hundred and ninety one 564,000,000…five hundred and sixty four million1,250,000,000…one billion two hundred and fifty million3.模糊数字的口译：几个：some,a few, several 两,三个：two or three十几彳J：more than ten;over a dozen 三十来T'about thirty几十个：dozens of 几十年：decades十几岁：in one's teens 四十出头:a little over forty五十岁左右：about fifty 近八十岁了：almost eighty九十好几了： well over ninety 五点左右:around five o'clock三天左右：three days or so 大约150 米处：somewhere about 150 meters 好几百：hundreds of 成千上万：thousands of几十万：hundreds of thousands of 几百万：millions of亿万：hundreds of millions of4.百分数，小数，分数的口译：8%: eight percent 15%: fifteen percent4.35%: four point three five percent0.5%: zero point five percent4.032: four point naught three two71.006: seventy one point naught naught sixVr. one half 1/3: one third 3/5: three fifths7/8: seven eighths 1/100: one hundredth1/1000: one thousandth 14/1000: fourteen thousandths1/10000: one ten thousandths 2-1/2: two and a half4-2/3: four and two thirds5.增减倍数的口译：Ais N limes larger (longer, heavier・・.)than BA is larger (longer, heavier.…)thanB by N timesA is N times as large (long, heavy...) as BThe earth is 49 times the size of the moon. 地球的大小是月球的49倍.Since mid-century, the global economy has nearly quintupled, while the population has doubled, demand for grain has nearly tripled, and the burning of fossil fuels has increased nearly fourfold・自本世纪屮叶以来，全球经济增长了将近四倍，人口翻了一番.结果，粮食的需求增加了近两倍，石油燃料增加了近三倍.Within 30 years there will be twice as many urban people as countryside people in the world・ 30年内,全世界的城市居民将是农村人口的两倍.4.Although London covers less than 400,000 acres, it needs nearly 50 million acre™125 times its area—to provide it with food, timber, and other resources, and to absorb its pollution.虽然伦敦占地不到40万英亩，却需要近5000万英亩的土地125倍于它本身的面积…来供给它食品，原木和其他资源，并吸收它生产的污染物.汉语倍数表示法分两类：一类是原数的几倍,几倍于原数或增加到几倍;另一类是比原数大几倍或增加了儿倍，可用（N加I）times来表示.过去20年中，中国的国内生产总值增长了近五倍.In the past 20 years,China^s gross domestic product increased nearly six times・2.1978年至1997年，中国人均生产总值增长了3.4倍.China's per capita GDP went up by 4.4 times between 1978 and 1997.3.中国城镇居民人均居住面积由1978年的3.6平方米提高到1997年的8.8平方米，增加了1.4 倍.The per capita living space for urban residents in China expanded from 3.6 square meters in 1978 to 8.8 square meters in 1997, a rise of 2.4 times・4.1949年至1998年,中国的粮食总产量由1.1亿吨增加到5.1亿吨，增长3.5倍，年平均增长3.1%, 是人口增长率的2.5倍.China's total grain output increased from 110 million tons in 1949 to 510 million tons in 1998, or an increase of over 4.5 times, with an average annual growth rate of 3.1 percent, 2.5times that of the population growth・汉语很少用减少了若十倍的说法,而用减少了百分之几的说法，所以减少多用百分比和分数表■ •由于水灾，去年的收成减少了三成.Owing to flood, the crop last year was declined by 30 percent.2.该公司的员工裁减了近三分之一，开支减少了四分之一.The personnel of the company have been reduced nearly by one third and the expenses by one fourth ・6.增减百分比的口译：Between 1986 and 1987, Nike's sales dropped 18 percent and profits sank by more than 40 percent as a result of competition with Reebok.与“锐步”鞋业竞争的结果，从1986年到1987年，耐克的销售额下降了18%,利润下降了40% 多.2.By putting out more than one new shoe style every day on average, in 1995 and 1996, Nike\ sales and profits grew 71 percent and 80 percent respectively? meanwhile, Nike's closest rival Reebok grew just nine percent in the same period・靠平均每天推出一个以上新款式,1995年到1996年耐克的销售额和利润分别上涨了71% 和81%.而同期最接近耐克的竞争对手锐步貝上涨了9%.3.Procter& Gamble just raised prices on its paper products by as much as 8%・宝洁公司刚刚把他们的纸制晶价格提高了8%.4.1999年，普通高校招生规模比上年阔大了47.4%.University and college enrollment in 1999 increased by 47.4 percent over the previous year.5.因受亚洲金融危机的冲击,1998年中国进岀口总额比上年下降0.4%,其中进口总额下降1.5%; 出口总额增长0.5%.As a result of Asian financial crises, China's total volume of import and export in 1998 dropped by 0.4 percent over the previous year, of which the volume of import went down by 1.5 percent, and the value of export went up by 0.5 percent.6.1999年冲国外贸出口达1949亿美元，比上年增长6.1%.China's total exports reached UA$194,9billion in 1999, a rise of 6」percent over the precious year.7.1998年,中国全年海外旅客入境人数6348万人次，比上年增长10.2%同际旅游收入达126亿美元，增长4.4%.In 199& China received 63.48 million tourists from overseas, up 10.2 percent over the previous year. Income of foreign exchange from tourism reached 12.6 billion US dollars, up 4.4 percent.8.我国水土流失面积每年以10,000平方公里的速度在扩大.目前，水土流失面积已达367万平方公里，占总土地面积将近38%.The area of soil erosion in China has been increasing by 10,000 square km. Annually to 3.67 million square km. At present, accounting for nearly 38 percent of the total land area・9.由于低温多雨的影响，我国夏粮减产1460万吨.China's output of summer grain declines by 14.6 million tons due lo low temperature and rainy days during the growing period・Exercises:With its two giants, China and India, Asia is the home of the majority of the world's 6 billion human inhabitants, and Africa the second most popular con tine nt. The UN population fund said in its 1998 report on population growth, Asia counts 3.5 billion people・ Its most populous countries are China, with 1.2 billion plus another 6.3 million in Hong Kong and India with 975.8 million, followed far behind by Indonesia with 125.9 million and Bangladesh with 124 million.Nigeria is Africa's most populous country with 121.8 million residents. Egypt is next with 65.7 million, followed by Ethiopia with 62」million, the Democratic Republic of Congo with 49.2 million, and South Africa with 44.3 million.Exercises:With its two giants, China and India, Asia is the home of the majority of the worlds 6 billion human inhabitants, and Africa the second most popular con tine nt. The UN population fund said in its 1998 report on population growth, Asia counts 3.5 billion people. Its most populous countries are China, with 1.2 billion plus another 6.3 million in Hong Kong and India with 975.8 million, followed far behind by Indonesia with 125.9 million and Bangladesh with 124 million.Nigeria is Africa's most populous country with 121.8 million residents. Egypt is next with 65.7 million, followed by Ethiopia with 62」million, the Democratic Republic of Congo with 49.2 million, and South Africa with 44.3 million.3.The European continent counts 729.4 million residents, with Russia still the most populous country at 147.2 million, though its population growth is declining. Germany is next with 82.4 million.4.祖国大陆31个省，自治区,直辖市和现役军人的人口中,0・14岁的人口为28979万人.占总人口的22.89%; 15-64岁的人口为88793万人，占总人口的70.15%;65岁及以上的人口为8811万人，占总人口的6.96%.同1990年第四次全国人口普查相比,0-14岁人口的比重下降了4.80个百分点,65 岁及以上人口的比重上升了1.39个百分点.5.同1990年第四次全国人口普查相比，每10万人中拥有各种受教育程度的人数有如下变化：具有大学程度的由1422人上升为3611人;具有高中程度的由8039人上升为11146人;具有初中程度的由23344人上升为33961人;具有小学程度的37057人下降为55701人.。

数字口译练习（学生讲义）练习1 T op ten most populous countries提示1：你将听到一段关于世界十大人口国人口统计数字的讲话，长度约两分钟，中间没有停顿。

注意理解并记忆主要的信息，同时按照口译笔记的基本原则与记录方法做口译笔记，然后借助笔记口译。

（文字略课堂听译）练习2 单句口译提示：你将听到一些带有数字的句子，请把它们记录下来，并将其译成目的语。

vocabularyannual added value of industryannual total volume of import and exportannual volume of contracted foreign capital,actually utilized foreign capitalinbound tourists,domestic touristsincome from foreign policyvolume of freight handled by ports1）全年工业增加值为62815亿元，比上年增长11.5%。

2）全年粮食产量为46947万吨，比上年增加3877万吨，增产9.1%。

3）全年进出口总额达11548亿美元，比上年增长35.7%。

4）全年合同外资金额为1535亿美元，增长33.4%；实际使用外资606亿美元，增长13.3%。

5）全年入境旅游人数10904万人次，国际旅游外汇收入257亿美元，增长47.9%。

6）Last year the unemployment rate in the US was nearly 5%.7）European unemployment fell by roughly two percent in the 1st quarter of 2005.8）The volume of freight handled by ports throughout the country totaled 4 billion tons, up 21.3 percent over the previous year.9）The total number of privately-owned vehicles was 13.65 million, up 12.0 percent.10）The year 2004 saw 1.1billion domestic tourists, up 26.6 percent. Revenue from domestic tourism totaled 471.1 billion yuan, up 36.9 percent.练习３段落翻译段落翻译一Vocabularyfixed asset investment国家信息中心预计，今年全年中国的国内生产总值将增长9.3%，总计13.4万亿元（1.6万亿美元）。

一、数字口译的难点数字口译是口译技巧训练中的重点与难点之一。

之所以是重点，是因为数字信息反映的是客观、具体、重要的事实，因此它要求译员必须保证信息得到准确、如实地传递。

错译可能会造成严重的后果。

之所以是难点，是因为英、汉两种语言在数字的表达上存在较大的差别，最主要表现在它们有不同的分段方式。

英语以个“、十、百”每三位数为一个段位，每一个段位由低到高依次用“thousand”( 千 )、“million”(百万)、“billion”(十亿)、“trillion”(万亿)等词表示；而汉语则是以个“、十、百、千”每四位数为一个段位，每一个段位由低到高依次用万“” 、“亿”、万“亿”等词表示。

如下表所示：个百十个百十个百十个百十个4 3 2 1 9 8 7 65 4 3 2 1trillion billion Million thousand万亿千亿百亿十亿亿千万百万十万万千从以上的比较不难看出，汉语中的“万”、“十万”、“千万”、“亿”、“百亿”、“千亿”在英语中找不到直接的单一对应词，因此，在口译中涉及到“万”或“亿”的数字时，就要进行相应的转换。

这种转换很容易出错。

基于以上原因，译员必须通过专项训练，才能了解数字口译的难点，摸清规律，熟练掌握其技巧。

即使是资深的译员对数字也不可掉以轻心。

以下的数字信息在转换时比较容易出错：包括“万”、十“万” 、“千万”、亿“” 、“百亿”、“千亿”等数字。

例如：1 万10 万1000 万1 亿100 亿1000 亿Exercise:50 万 100 亿10 千100 千10 百万100 百万10 个十亿100 个十亿ten thousandone hundred thousandten millionone hundred millionten billionone hundred billion39 万 503 万 10 亿零 500 万 8000 万 4000 800 万 3000Then pair work包括“零”的数字。

英语口译中数字口译的方法和技巧分析1. 引言1.1 研究背景The background of research on numerical interpretation in English interpretation is essential in understanding the significance of developing methods and techniques in this specific area of interpretation. As global communication and interactions increase, the demand for skilled interpreters who can accurately convey numerical information such as statistics, financial data, and mathematical calculations in various fields has also grown.1.2 研究意义The significance of studying numerical interpretation lies in its practical implications for improving the accuracy and efficiency of interpreting numbers in various settings. As numbers play a crucial role in fields such as finance, technology, science, and trade, the ability to accurately interpret numerical information is essential for effective communication.2. 正文2.1 数字口译的基本原则数字口译的基本原则包括准确性、流畅性、忠实性和效果性。

英语口译中数字口译的方法和技巧分析随着全球化的发展，英语口译在各种领域中变得越来越重要。

数字口译作为其中的一种形式，在商务、科技、金融等领域中起着至关重要的作用。

数字口译涉及到各种数字、数据、统计和图表的翻译，因此需要口译员具备一定的专业知识和技能。

本文将分析数字口译的特点，以及在英语口译中的方法和技巧。

一、数字口译的特点数字口译是一种高度技术性的口译形式，需要口译员具备较强的专业知识和技能。

在数字口译中，口译员需要具备对数字、统计、图表等方面的专业术语和背景知识，并且能够流利地将这些信息翻译成目标语言。

数字口译的特点主要包括以下几个方面：1. 专业性强：数字口译通常涉及到各种行业领域的数字和数据，例如金融、科技、医疗等，因此口译员需要具备相应领域的专业知识和术语。

2. 精准性要求高：数字口译的翻译内容通常是具体的数字、数据和统计信息，因此口译员需要准确无误地将这些信息翻译成目标语言。

任何一处错误可能导致严重的误解和损失。

3. 时间压力大：在商务会议、科技研讨会等场合，数字口译通常需要实时进行，口译员需要在短时间内准确快速地完成翻译工作。

二、数字口译的方法和技巧针对数字口译的特点，口译员需要掌握一些方法和技巧，以确保翻译的准确性和流畅度。

下面将介绍一些数字口译的方法和技巧：2. 提前准备：在进行数字口译之前，口译员需要提前了解会议议程、专业术语和相关资料，做好充分的准备工作。

3. 熟悉常用数字和单位：口译员需要熟悉常用的数字和单位，在口译过程中能够准确、流利地将这些数字和单位翻译成目标语言。

4. 注意数据转换：在数字口译中，口译员需要注意不同国家或地区的数字、日期、时间、货币等的格式和转换规则，以确保翻译的准确性。

5. 保持专注和速度：数字口译通常需要在短时间内进行，口译员需要保持专注、思维敏捷，以确保翻译的准确和流畅。

6. 确保准确性和一致性：在数字口译过程中，口译员需要确保翻译的准确性和一致性，避免出现翻译错误或歧义。

数字口译数字笔记英译汉：紧跟源语，记录阿拉伯数字听到数位（trillion, billion, million, thousand）下标注逗点逗点之间不足三位，在左边加零汉译英：紧跟源语，记录阿拉伯数字听到数位（万亿/兆、亿、万）上标注逗点逗点之间不足四位，在左边加零数字口译英语每三位下标逗点汉语每四位上标逗点/划斜线12345678912341，234，567，891，234t b m k1 / 2345 / 6789 / 1234兆亿万9.6m960万（平方公里）1.3b13亿（人）数字、单位、中心词数字+ 单位+ 中心词= 完整口译数字表述= CATTI全部分数实际工作中常适当四舍五入分数分子用基数词,分母用序数词当分子大于一时,分母要复数one fourth 四分之一three fourths 四分之三倍数A + 谓语+倍数+the +n.(size/ height/ length……)+of BA + 谓语+倍数+as + abj. + as BA + 谓语+倍数+adj. 比较级+than BA + 谓语+adj. 比较级+than B+by+倍数翻番= double翻两番= 四倍= quadruple百分比% = percent‰= per mill百分点percentage point成= 10 %同比Year-on-year环比Quarter-on-quarter趋势表达Rise, increase, go up, grow, step up, upgrade, climb, jump, hike, boost,Fall, slow, lessen, minify, drop, decline, recede, reduce, decrease, dive, shrink,Level off/out, remain stable, fluctuate, stand, remainPeak, bottomDramatically, sharp, substantially, considerably, far, much, a little, slightly, somewhat, marginallyOf, to, by, at排名RankAustralia is one of the most cost competitive countries in the developed word, ranking ahead of UK, Italy, France, the US, Germany.Australia is ranked 4th in the world for the adequacy of its communication infrastructure.1.数字听记8666801806200900536360540145060130945063505127886500012.5 million15.28 billion1.03 trillion203.7亿1.306万123.45公顷42.192公里60.25公斤600.53亿美元5.8万元166.68万吨866.9万人次436.75万名新生2.数字口译世界100家银行中我国7家银行实力排行榜英国杂志《银行家》数字以千美元为单位3.数字、单位、中心词4.综合练习汉译英欧盟的总面积是4 325 675平方千米。

Unit Nine Interpreting Academic SpeechesEnglish to ChineseMethods and Skills-----Interpreting NumbersTen thousand 万hundred thousand 十万Ten million 千万hundred million 亿三位以内数字的口译:Three hundred and seventyEight hundred and thirty-nine2. 四位以上数字的口译:第一个逗号前一位译成千, 前两位译成万,前三位译成十万;第二个逗号前一位译成百万,前两位译成千万,前三位译成亿; 第三个逗号前一位译成十亿,前两位译成百亿,前三位译成千亿.1,369----one thousand three hundred and sixty nine6,003----six thousand and three15,600----fifteen thousand six hundred75,426,391---seventy five million, four hundred and twenty six thousand,three hundred and ninety one 564,000,000---five hundred and sixty four million1,250,000,000---one billion two hundred and fifty million3. 模糊数字的口译:几个: some,a few, several 两,三个: two or three十几个: more than ten;over a dozen 三十来个:about thirty几十个: dozens of 几十年: decades 十几岁: in one’s teens 四十出头:a little over forty五十岁左右: about fifty 近八十岁了: almost eighty九十好几了: well over ninety 五点左右:around five o’clock三天左右: three days or so 大约150米处: somewhere about 150 meters 好几百: hundreds of 成千上万: thousands of几十万: hundreds of thousands of 几百万: millions of亿万: hundreds of millions of4. 百分数,小数,分数的口译:8%: eight percent 15%: fifteen percent4.35%: four point three five percent0.5%: zero point five percent4.032: four point naught three two71.006: seventy one point naught naught six½: one half 1/3: one third 3/5: three fifths7/8: seven eighths 1/100: one hundredth1/1000: one thousandth 14/1000: fourteen thousandths1/10000: one ten thousandths 2-1/2: two and a half4-2/3: four and two thirds5. 增减倍数的口译:A is N times larger (longer, heavier…) than BA is larger (longer, heavier…) thanB by N timesA is N times as large (long, heavy…) as BThe earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球的大小是月球的49倍.Since mid-century, the global economy has nearly quintupled, while the population has doubled, demand for grain has nearly tripled, and the burning of fossil fuels has increased nearly fourfold.自本世纪中叶以来,全球经济增长了将近四倍,人口翻了一番.结果,粮食的需求增加了近两倍,石油燃料增加了近三倍.Within 30 years there will be twice as many urban people as countryside people in the world.30 年内,全世界的城市居民将是农村人口的两倍.4. Although London covers less than 400,000 acres, it needs nearly 50 million acre---125 times its area---to provide it with food, timber, and other resources, and to absorb its pollution.虽然伦敦占地不到40万英亩,却需要近5000万英亩的土地125倍于它本身的面积---来供给它食品,原木和其他资源,并吸收它生产的污染物.汉语倍数表示法分两类: 一类是原数的几倍,几倍于原数或增加到几倍;另一类是比原数大几倍或增加了几倍, 可用(N 加1)times来表示.过去20年中,中国的国内生产总值增长了近五倍.In the past 20 years,China’s gross domestic product increased nearly six times.2. 1978年至1997年,中国人均生产总值增长了3.4倍.China’s per capita GDP went up by 4.4 times between 1978 and 1997.3. 中国城镇居民人均居住面积由1978年的3.6平方米提高到1997年的8.8平方米,增加了1.4倍.The per capita living space for urban residents in China expanded from 3.6 square meters in 1978 to 8.8 square meters in 1997, a rise of 2.4 times.4. 1949年至1998年,中国的粮食总产量由1.1 亿吨增加到5.1亿吨,增长3.5 倍,年平均增长3.1%,是人口增长率的2.5倍.China’s total grain output increased from 110 million tons in 1949 to 510 million tons in 1998, or an increase of over 4.5 times, with an average annual growth rate of 3.1 percent, 2.5times that of the population growth.汉语很少用减少了若干倍的说法,而用减少了百分之几的说法,所以减少多用百分比和分数表示.由于水灾,去年的收成减少了三成.Owing to flood, the crop last year was declined by 30 percent.2. 该公司的员工裁减了近三分之一,开支减少了四分之一.The personnel of the company have been reduced nearly by one third and the expenses by one fourth.6. 增减百分比的口译:Between 1986 and 1987, Nike’s sales dropped 18 percent and profits sank by more than 40 percent as a result of competition with Reebok.与“锐步” 鞋业竞争的结果,从1986 年到1987年,耐克的销售额下降了18%, 利润下降了40%多.2. By putting out more than one new shoe style every day on average, in 1995 and 1996, Nike’s sales and profits grew 71percent and 80 percent respectively’ meanwhile, Nike’s closest rival Reebok grew just nine percent in the same period.靠平均每天推出一个以上新款式,1995年到1996年耐克的销售额和利润分别上涨了71% 和81%. 而同期最接近耐克的竞争对手锐步只上涨了9%.3. Procter& Gamble just raised prices on its paper products by as much as 8%.宝洁公司刚刚把他们的纸制品价格提高了8%.4. 1999年,普通高校招生规模比上年阔大了47.4%.University and college enrollment in 1999 increased by 47.4 percent over the previous year.5. 因受亚洲金融危机的冲击,1998 年中国进出口总额比上年下降0.4%,其中进口总额下降1.5%; 出口总额增长0.5%.As a result of Asian financial crises, China’s total volume of import and export in 1998 dropped by 0.4 percent over the previous year, of which the volume of import went down by 1.5 percent, and the value of export went up by 0.5 percent.6. 1999年,中国外贸出口达1949亿美元,比上年增长6.1%.China’s total exports reached UA$194,9billion in 1999, a rise of 6.1 percent over the precious year.7. 1998年,中国全年海外旅客入境人数6348万人次,比上年增长10.2%,国际旅游收入达126亿美元,增长4.4%.In 1998, China received 63.48 million tourists from overseas, up 10.2 percent over the previous year. Income of foreign exchange from tourism reached 12.6 billion US dollars, up 4.4 percent.8. 我国水土流失面积每年以10,000平方公里的速度在扩大.目前,水土流失面积已达367万平方公里,占总土地面积将近38%.The area of soil erosion in China has been increasing by 10,000 square km. Annually to 3.67 million square km. At present, accounting for nearly 38 percent of the total land area.9. 由于低温多雨的影响,我国夏粮减产1460万吨.China’s output of summer grain declines by 14.6 million tons due to low temperature and rainy days during the growing period.Exercises:With its two giants, China and India, Asia is the home of the majority of the wo rld’s 6 billion human inhabitants, and Africa the second most popular continent. The UN population fund said in its 1998 report on population growth, Asia counts 3.5 billion people. Its most populous countries are China, with 1.2 billion plus another 6.3 million in Hong Kong and India with 975.8 million, followed far behind by Indonesia with 125.9 million and Bangladesh with 124 million.Nigeria is Africa’s most populous country with 121.8 million residents. Egypt is next with 65.7 million, followed by Ethiopia with 62.1 million, the Democratic Republic of Congo with 49.2 million, and South Africa with 44.3 million.Exercises:With its two giants, China and India, Asia is the home of the majority of the world’s 6 billion human inhabitants, and Africa the second most popular continent. The UN population fund said in its 1998 report on population growth, Asia counts 3.5 billion people. Its most populous countries are China, with 1.2 billion plus another 6.3 million in Hong Kong and India with 975.8 million, followed far behind by Indonesia with 125.9 million and Bangladesh with 124 million.Nigeria is Africa’s most populous country with 121.8 million residents. Egypt is next with 65.7 million, followed by Ethiopia with 62.1 million, the Democratic Republic of Congo with 49.2 million, and South Africa with 44.3 million.3. The European continent counts 729.4 million residents, with Russia still the most populous country at 147.2 million, though its population growth is declining. Germany is next with 82.4 million.4. 祖国大陆31个省,自治区,直辖市和现役军人的人口中,0-14岁的人口为28979万人.占总人口的22.89%;15-64岁的人口为88793万人,占总人口的70.15%;65岁及以上的人口为8811万人,占总人口的6.96%.同1990年第四次全国人口普查相比,0-14岁人口的比重下降了4.80个百分点,65岁及以上人口的比重上升了1.39个百分点.5. 同1990年第四次全国人口普查相比,每10万人中拥有各种受教育程度的人数有如下变化: 具有大学程度的由1422人上升为3611人;具有高中程度的由8039人上升为11146人;具有初中程度的由23344人上升为33961人;具有小学程度的37057人下降为55701人.。