上海交大附中学1011学年度高二下学期期中考试(英语)

上海交通大学附属中学2020-2021学年度第二学期高二英语月考试卷（满分100分，90分钟完成，答案一律写在答题纸上）第I卷I. Vocabulary (10’)Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.With so many investments required of us to succeed – time, resources, talents, responsibilities, even finances for our retirement – it’s easy to lose sight of the most difficult investment of all to ____1____ to: ourselves.Getting to the point where you’re ready to start ____2____ to you 2.0 isn’t easy. But it doesn’t mean dropping the ball everywhere else. It's not about omissions, but admissions. Come clean with yourself to kick-start your personal growth.Unstuck starts with “u”No one purposely chooses to stop learning and growing again, it just kind of happens in a lot of daily responsibilities and life. And if it were easy to just kick it into gear (挡位) again, you would have already done it. But the truth is inescapable. If you want to get off that place to higher ground, it’s up to you and only you. No one will just hand you a steady ____3____ of opportunities for growth.You’ve been working in your life, not on itActivity is often ____4____ with acceleration (忙碌). I was guilty of this for years in working place – staying always busy but not admitting I was bored. I was lost in activity and not stepping back to take time to question what I wanted my life to be. Once I began working on my life – quitting corporate, becoming an entrepreneur, restructuring to my life – I started growing once again. And I’ve never been happier.Things aren’t happening to you, they’re happening for youA victim mentality (心态) is the enemy of personal growth. Lamenting over everything that has gone wrong in your life only wastes energy from working to make more things go right. If you want to kick-start growth, you must view ____5____ as having a purpose, and then put them in their place. The past shouldn’t run or define you – only ____6____ you.The perfect time to start doesn’t existI had so many things that had to be just right before I could make my long-planned ____7____ from corporate. I’d tell myself, “I’d love to go for it right now, but practically speaking.” Well, guess what? Practicality is ____8____. It’s the convenient excuse stopping you from what you’re meant to become.It’s time to ____9____ others’ opinionsGrow where you want to grow. Learn what you want to learn. Wherever you are on the scale of what you want to learn next – be it beginner or near-expert own it, be proud of it. Pretences are for pretenders. You’re just trying tobecome a better version of your ____10____ self.II. Reading Comprehension (30’+18’+6’)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.(A)In the 1960s, African American mothers noticed something wrong in their children’s seemingly innocent class photos. Every year, youngsters tidied up in their Sunday best for their school picture, yet these treasured images didn’t __11__ Black and White children equally. White children were rendered (使成为) as they look in everyday life, while African American children lost __12__ of their faces and turned into ink blots (墨渍). The film could not simultaneously capture both dark and light skin. For decades, this flaw of the film remained out of__13__, when Black boys and girls and white boys and girls were photographed separately. But with the integration of schools, Black mothers __14__ that color film left their Black children in the shadows.In 2015, two London-based photographers, Adam Broomberg and Oliver Chanarin, wanted to find out why the film could not capture the __15__ of children of all races in a school photograph. When these photographers tested the film, they found the film was optimized for __16__ skin. It was this film’s hidden history that was the __17__ faces in a class photo came out so differently.All that changed, __18__, when large corporations made a fuss about Kodak’s film, which they bought in bulk for advertising. A team of two unlikely businesses – furniture makers and chocolate manufacturers – __19__ against Kodak’s films for discriminating against dark hues.Kodak employees worked hard to fix the film, making new film formulations and testing them by taking photos. While the complaints from Black mothers could not change Kodak, those from these companies could. By the late 1970s, new — and more __20__ — formulations of color film were in the works, and the new and improved Kodak Gold film was on the market by the following decade.Technologies, such as photographic films, sometimes capture the beliefs and values of the times. This bias built into technology has __21__ today. Today, some web cameras, following instructions from algorithms (算法), are unable to recognize a dark face, but do so __22__ for a white one.What the makers of film and cameras and other technologies have experienced is a tacit(心照不宣的) subscription to a belief of a standard. __23__, they have gotten on the escalator of “this is how we do things” without asking why. Scholars would describe this type of bias as one that implicitly (完全地) and __24__ accepts norms. But it isn’t the __25__ fault; they are only doing what the lines of code written by humans tell them to do. These devices capture the biases that exist in our world and, in turn, speak to whom a culture values.11.A. treat B. capture C. reflect D. divide12.A. characters B. expressions C. features D. colors13.A. fashion B. print C. range D. sight14.A. recommended B. witnessed C. maintained D. urged15.A. likeness B. frankness C. carelessness D. darkness16.A. dark B. yellow C. white D. black17.A. coincidence B. reason C. consequence D. result18.A. therefore B. however C. furthermore D. meanwhile19.A. guarded B. insured C. went D. protested20.A. inclusive B. persuasive C. decisive D. offensive21.A. echoes B. conclusions C. objections D. intentions22.A. quickly B. equally C. easily D. similarly23.A. As a result B. In other words C. For example D. On the contrary24.A. inconsistently B. unexpectedly C. inevitably D. uncritically25.A. cameras’ B. technologies’ C. films’ D. humans’(B)David Dunning, a psychologist at Cornell University, and Justin Kruger, his graduate student, reason that while almost everyone holds favourable views of their abilities in various social and intellectual domains, some people mistakenly assess their abilities as being much higher than they actually are. This “illusion of ___26___” is now called the “Dunning-Kruger effect”, which describes the cognitive prejudice to increase self-assessment.To ___27___ this phenomenon in the lab, Dunning and Kruger designed some clever experiments. In one study, they asked undergraduate students a series of questions about grammar, logic and jokes, and then asked each student to estimate his or her score overall, as well as their relative ___28___ compared to the other students. Interestingly, students who scored the lowest in these cognitive tasks always ___29___ how well they did – by a lot. Students who scored in the ___30___ one-fourth estimated that they had performed better than two-thirds of the other students!This “illusion of confidence” ___31___ beyond the classroom and spreads through everyday life. In a follow-up study, Dunning and Kruger left the lab and went to a gun range, where they quizzed gun hobbyists about gun safety. ___32___ to their previous findings, those who answered the fewest questions correctly wildly overestimated their knowledge about firearms. Outside of factual knowledge, ___33___, the Dunning-Kruger effect can also be observed in people’s self-assessment of other personal abilities. If you watch any talent show on television today, you will see the ___34___ on the faces of contestants who don’t make it past auditions (海选) and are ___35___ by the judges. While it is almost ___36___ to us, these people are genuinely unaware of how much they have been ___37___ by their illusory superiority.Sure, it’s typical for people to overestimate their abilities. One study found that 80 per cent of drivers rate themselves as above average. And similar ___38___ have been found when people rate their relative popularity and cognitive abilities. The problem is that when people are incompetent, not only do they reach wrong conclusions and make unfortunate choices but, also, they are ___39___ of the ability to realize their mistakes. Instead of being confused, perplexed or thoughtful about their erroneous ways, incompetent people insist that their ways are ___40___. As Charles Darwin wrote in The Descent of Man(1871): “Ignorance more frequently begets(产生) confidence than does knowledge.”26.A. confidence B. happiness C. freedom D. reality27.A. convince B. classify C. investigate D. summarize28.A. reach B. range C. rate D. rank29.A. defined B. overestimated C. overlooked D. doubted30.A. top B. bottom C. former D. latter31.A. overtakes B. renews C. extends D. evolves32.A. Similar B. Contrary C. Parallel D. Opposite33.A. though B. therefore C. meanwhile D. largely34.A. calm B. guilt C. shock D. panic35.A. selected B. favored C. restricted D. rejected36.A. agreeable B. comical C. restless D. magical37.A. misled B. taught C. tempted D. oriented38.A. trends B. tricks C. strategies D. fashions39.A. warned B. reminded C. robbed D. assured40.A. wrong B. correct C. illusory D. popularSection BDirections:Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Two hours from the tall buildings of Philadelphia live some of the world’s largest bears. They are in northern Pennsylvania’s Pocono Mountains, a home they share with an abundance (丰富) of other wildlife.The streams, lakes, grasslands, mountain and forests that make the Poconos an ideal place for black bears have also attracted more people to the region. Open spaces are threatened by plans for housing estates and important habitats are endangered by highway construction. To protect the Pocono’s natural beauty from irresponsible development, the Nature Conservancy named the area one of America’s “Last Great Places”.Operating out of a century-old schoolhouse in the village of Long Pond, Bud Cook, the president of the Conservancy, is working with local people and business leaders to balance economic growth with environmental protection. By forming partnerships with people like Francis Altemose, the Conservancy has been able to protect more than 14,000 acres of environmentally important land in the area.Altemose’s family has farmed in the Pocono area for generations. Two years ago, Francis worked with the local branch of the Nature Conservancy to include his farm in a county farmland protection program. As a result, his family’s land can be protected from development and the Altemoses will be better able to provide a secure financial future for their 7-year-old grandson.Cook attributes the Conservancy’s success in the Poconos to having a local presence and a commitment to working with local residents.“The key to protecting these remarkable lands is connecting with the local community,” Cook said. “The people who live here respect the land. They value quiet forests, clear streams and abundant wildlife. They are eager to help with conservation efforts.”For more information on how you can help the Nature Conservancy protect the Poconos and the world’s other “Last Great Places,” please call 1-888-564 6864 or visit us on the World Wide Web at .41.The purpose in naming the Poconos as one of America’s “Last Great Places” is to ________.A.gain support from the local communityB.protect it from irresponsible developmentC.make it a better home for black bearsD.provide financial security for future generations42.We learn from the passage that ________.A.the tourist industry is growing fast and has great influence on the Pocono areaB.wildlife in the Pocono area is dying out rapidlyC.the security of the Pocono residents is being threatenedD.farmlands in the Pocono area are shrinking fast43.What does Bud Cook mean by “having a local presence” in Paragraph 5?A.Financial contributions from local business leaders.B.Consideration of the interests of the local residents.C.The establishment of a wildlife protection foundation in the area.D.The setting up of a local Nature Conservancy branch in the Pocono area.44.What is important in protecting the Poconos according to Cook?A.The setting up of an environmental protection website.B.Support from organizations like the Nature Conservancy.C.Cooperation with the local residents and business leaders.D.Inclusion of farmlands in the region’s protection program.(B)Life was easier when it wasn’t so long: learn when you’re young, work while you’re able, then resign yourself to a slow period of repose — and decline. But in the past century, scientific advancements have added decades to the average human life span, leaving a person’s timeline with a long, often aimless tail.Finding rewarding ways to fill these extra years — particularly in ways that emphasize social ties — is the best way to prolong them, research is finding. “The things that we understand now to be important for healthy longevity”— things like connecting with others, a positive outlook, making peace with getting older —“have been trivialized over the years by some scientists. We now know that shouldn’t be the case,” says Paul Irving, chairman of the Center for the Future of Aging at the Milken Institute, a think tank that studies older age. “One of the great opportunities we all have is to continue that search for meaning, that aspiration to do our most enjoyableand important work later in our lives.”Here are other strategies that may help you make the most of your extra years.EMBRACE TECHNOLOGYIt’s hard to beat face time, but FaceTime (and the like) can also help older adults feel lessalone, research shows. “I think a lot of work can be done to make the existing socialnetworks more accommodating to older adults,” Irving says.WELCOME AGINGYour feelings about getting older might determine how well you age—and even how well yourbrain holds up against Alzheimer’s. A team of researchers at Yale University found that whenpeople who thought negatively about aging were simply primed to view it in a better light, theysaid they felt more positively about aging and even showed improvements in physical strength.SET GOALS, TAKE RISKSPlenty of research links a sense of purpose to longevity. But how do people search for a purpose ifthey don’t have one? Take an online course, volunteer, do anything new that challenges you. “Theassumption that you should only do one thing in your life, to me, makes no sense,” says Irving.EXPECT THE BESTPeople with a positive outlook recover better after having a heart attack than those who aremore pessimist ic, a recent study shows. That’s partly because a hopeful attitude is linked toother healthy behaviors, like quitting smoking and maintaining a healthy diet. Optimism isalso linked to fewer chronic illnesses, less depression and even a stronger immune response tobugs like the flu.45.What does Paul Irving mean by saying “that shouldn’t be the case” in Paragraph 2?A.The things important for healthy long life are not proved scientifically.B.Healthy longevity is not an appropriate case for scientists to focus on.C.It’s improper for scientists to dismiss the things important for longevity.D.Emphasizing social ties should not be dismissed by those scientists.46.Which strategy mentioned in the article can help fight against Alzheimer’s disease?A.Embrace technologyB. Welcome agingC. Set goals, take risksD. Expect the best47.Which of the following statement is true according to the article?A.Doing one thing well in life makes extra years in life meaningful.B.Technology promotes and strengthens old people’s social network.C.Extra years should not be spent committing to enjoyable work.D. A positive outlook contributes to quicker recovery and healthy behaviors.(C)The secret to eating less and being happy about it may have been cracked years ago by McDonald’s. According to a new study from Cornell University’s Food and Brand Lab, small non-food rewards – like the toys in McDonald’s Happy Meals – stimulate the same reward centers in the brain as food does.The researchers, led by Martin Reimann, carried out a series of experiments to see if people would choose a smaller meal if it was paired with a non-food item.They found that the majority of both kids and adults opted for a half-sized portion when combined with a prize. Both options were priced the same.Even more interesting is that the promise of a future reward was enough to make adults choose the smaller portion. One of the prizes used was a lottery ticket (彩票), with a $10, $50 or $100 payout, and this was as effective as a tangible gift in persuading people to eat less.“The fact that participants were willing to substitute part of a food item for the mere prospect of a relatively small monetary award is interesting,” says Reimann.He theorizes that it is the emotional component of these intangible prizes that make them effective. In fact, vaguely-stated possibilities of winning a prize were more effective than options with hard odds included.“One explanation for this finding is that possible awards may be more emotionally provoking than certainty awards,” says Reimann. “The uncertainty of winning provides added attraction and desirability through emotional ‘thrills’. The possibility of receiving an award also produces a state of hope – a state that is in itself psychologically rewarding.” In other words, there’s a reason why people like to gamble.How might this knowledge be used to help people eat more healthily?One possibility is a healthy option that offers the chance to win a spa weekend. Or maybe the reward of a half-sized portion could be a half-sized dessert to be claimed only on a future date. That would get you back in the restaurant – and make you eat a little less.48.What do we learn about McDonald’s inclusion of toys in its Happy Meals?A.It may throw light on people’s desire to crack a secret.B.It has proved to be the key to McDonald’s business success.C.It appeals to kids’ curiosity to find out what is hidden inside.D.It may be a pleasant way for kids to reduce their food intake.49.What is the finding of the researchers led by Martin Reimann?A.Reducing food intake is not that difficult if people go to McDonald’s more often.B.Most kids and adults don’t actually feel hungry when they eat half of their meals.C.Eating a smaller portion of food does good to the health of kids and adults alike.D.Most kids and adults would choose a smaller meal that came with a non-food item.50.What is most interesting in Martin Reimann’s finding?A.Kids preferred an award in the form of money to one in the form of a toy.B.Adults chose the smaller portion on the mere promise of a future award.C.Both kids and adults felt satisfied with only half of their meal portions.D.Neither children nor adults could resist the temptation of a free toy.51.How does Martin Reimann interpret his finding?A.The emotional component of the prizes is at work.B.People now care more about quality than quantity.C.People prefer certainty awards to possible awards.D.The desire for a future reward is overwhelming.52.What can we infer from Martin Reimann’s finding?A.People should eat much less if they want to stay healthy and happy.B.More fast food restaurants are likely to follow McDonald’s example.C.We can lead people to eat less while helping the restaurant business.D.More studies are needed to find out the impact of emotion on behaviour.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences that you need.Suppose you become a leader in an organization. It’s very likely that you’ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization’s activities. 53Let’s begin with the question of why people volunteer. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved. For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet theseneeds, people may not wish to participate. 54People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can shift people’s wish of participation from an internal factor (e.g., “I volunteer because it’s important to me”) to an external factor (e.g., “I volunteer because I’m required to do so”). 55 People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must.Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time. Having followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year, they have found that one of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. This result may lead to practical advice. The researchers note that attention should be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”.56 It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work. Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “V olunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am.” Consistent with the researchers’ expectations, they found a positive correlation between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer.第II卷Section A(20’)Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Are Bamboo-Eating Pandas Really Herbivores?On the outside, giant pandas look like herbivores (食草动物). They spendnearly all of their waking hours ___1___ (eat) bamboo. But on the inside, they’rebuilt like carnivores (食肉动物). About half of the calories they eat come fromprotein, according to a new study.The ancestor of giant pandas were omnivorous(杂食的). They ate both animals and plants, and had the digestive system and gut bacteria to metabolize (使发生新陈代谢) them. They had “umami taste receptors,” to appreciate the flavors of meat.However, about 2.4 million years ago, things began to change. The gene for their “umami taste receptors” became ___2___ (active). Their jaw and teeth evolved to help them crush bamboo, and their wrist bone became capable of grasping the stalks (秆) of their favorite plant. Scientists think pandas switched to eating bamboo partly ___3___ they didn’t have to fight with other animals to get it. Bamboo is high in fiber but has a low concentration of nutrients, so pandas ___4___ ___4___ eat 20 to 40 pounds of the plant every day just to get by.David Raubenheimer, a nutritional ecologist at the University of Sydney, and his colleagues put GPS trackers on two giant pandas and followed their movements throughout the year. They discovered that the pandas followed the protein. Between August and April, they___5___ (seek) food in low elevations(海拔) on China’s Qinling Mountains. At the start of the cycle, they ate Bashania fargesii leaves ___6___ they got the chance to feast on young shoots, which contained more protein.The more the shoots grew, the more their protein was diluted (冲淡) by fiber. That caused the pandas to move to higher ground, ___7___ Fargesia qinlingensis grew. First, they ate the shoots, but these, too, went from being protein-rich to fiber-rich as they grew. The pandas responded by switching to the leaves. They fed ___8___ them until they went back down the mountain and started eating Bashania fargesii leaves again. The researchers found that about half of the calories the pandas ate were in the form of protein.Scientists think the research shows that pandas are very clever. “They can know exactly where to go, and when to go, so they can get the most of the nutrients ___9___ their ecosystem can provide,” said Silvia Pineda-Munoz, who was not involved in the study.The work also shows that classifying an animal as herbivore or carnivore is more complex than one might assume. “It’s not ___10___ you’re eating plants but what part of the plants you’re eating,” said Pineda-Munoz.(B)Four-mile StretchesFrom my home on California’s Monterey Peninsula, there is no easy way to get anywhere. To go north, for instance, to San Francisco, you take Highway. 1, and proceed to 101, also known as the Freeway to Make You Lose Your Religion.Most of that route is a multi-lane road, ___11___ depending on weather and traffic, can either take you where you’re going or drive you out of your mind. Sometimes it does ___12___.But the part I dread most — or ___13___ at one time — is a two-lane stretch of 156 that connects highways 1 and 101.In the South, where I grew up, such roads are called cow trails because they’re frequented by tractors and other slow-moving vehicles that trot along, nose to tail, at bovine speed; and also because if you get on such a road, you’ll be ___14___ it until the cows come home.In some ways, roads are like people; they have personalities that are shaped by how we see them and feel about them.I discovered that when my first husband was diagnosed with cancer and we began ___15___ would be a four-year pilgrimage to Stanford Medical Center for treatment.It was 91 miles — two hours, give or take — and I hated every inch of it, especially, that two-lane bottleneck.I did everything I could to avoid it. I begged to get appointments at off-peak times, only to end up ___16___ (stick) in rush-hour traffic going home. I spent hours poring over maps and drove miles out of the way trying to get around it, only to realize it really didn’t matter; there was no ___17___ (get) around it.I had no choice but to drive it. But that didn’t mean I had to like it. I ___18___ clench my teeth, grip the wheel and feel my stomach churn. Once, when running late for an appointment, I muttered, “I hate this stupid road.” I didn’t think my husband could hear me. Morphine is great for pain, but it doesn’t do much for conversation.“Four miles,” he said.I looked over. His eyes were closed. “What did you say?”“This part of the road,” he said, using his teaching voice, ___19___ ___19___ lecturing his high school physics students. “It’s only four miles long. That’s easy. You can do anything for four miles.”I clocked it. He was right. Four miles exactly. I ___20___ (swear) it was 20.And then a strange thing happened. Somehow, that drive got easier. I don’t mean it seemed easier; I mean it was.Sometimes, when the road ahead seems longer and harder than I want it to be, I break it up in pieces, in my mind and my heart and even my soul. I divide it into four-mile stretches and take them one at a time.Some roads seem impassable.But you can do anything for four miles.Section B (8’)Directions: Complete the following sentences with the help of the Chinese given.21.______________________(他们决定创造一些有长存价值的事物resolve) so that they can survive in the competitive market.22.It never occurred to him that ___________________________. (他对青春的美好记忆注定会随着年岁增长变得模糊bound)23._________________________(他们非常惊讶海豚竟然藏有治愈人们精神疾病的能力marvel v), so they decided to make further exploration.24.Only when you are always well-prepared _____________________________ (才能抓住一切可能的机会实现想要的目标intend)Section C (4’+4’ =8’)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.25.正当她深陷抑郁情绪不可自拔的时候，这位心理学家的话让她明白生命的美好, 这给了她更多面对挫折的勇气。

上海交通大学附属中学202X-202X学年度第二学期高二英语期中试卷（满分100分，100分钟完成。

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上海交通大学附属中学2018-2019学年度第二学期高二英语期中试卷（满分150分，120分钟完成，答案一律写在答题纸上）第I卷（共97分）I. Listening Comprehension（24%）Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a restaurant. B. In a hair salon.C. At a tailor’s shop.D. At the cinema.2. A. Reading for relaxation. B. Going to a tea house.C. Going skiing.D. Flying kites.3. A. Doctor and patient. B. Librarian and reader.C. Actor and actress.D. Waitress and customer.4. A. At 2:00. B. At 3:00. C. At 4:45. D. At 5:15.5. A. He’s capable of handling anything. B. He is a professional photographer.C. Cool weather makes perfect photos.D. The camera is easy to use.6. A. He has gone to visit his mother. B. He has asked for a sick leave.C. He has found a new job in Europe.D. He has done something wrong.7. A. They lived in the same neighborhood.B. They went to the same college.C. He’s known Margie for a long time.D. It’s the first time he has met Margie.8. A. The nearest post office is next to the police station.B. The man is working in the office building.C. The man ought to get off at the next bus stop.D. The post office is two blocks away from the police station.9. A. He agrees on setting the bed.B. He wants to look for a place to live.C. He’d like to i nvite two friends to visit.D. He will change his phone number immediately.10. A. Both of them are sports fans.B. The man wants to buy a fan to cool down.C. There is a fan exhibition now.D. They’ll play a tennis game together.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Fewer than five minutes. B. Five to ten minutes.C. As long as possible.D. More than ten minutes.12. A. Fire your imagination.B. Get more economic profits.C. Show respect to the oldest family members.D. Recognize more family members.13. A. Make a welcome address. B. Create awards.C. Keep a family event memo.D. Print a Family Book. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A student in Deep Spring College. B. An editor of a magazine.C. A politician.D. A professor.15. A. Developing farming in desert.B. Carrying out a long-term project.C. Getting youths ready to serve people.D. Helping students make $50,000 per year.16. A. To attend a teaching show.B. To interview the Student Body members.C. To bring new energy to the college.D. To apply for teacher vacancies in the college.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A（16%）Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to makethe passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)You are what you eat, and you definitely are whom you associate with. The people closest to you make all the difference--in a good or a bad way.A good friend supports you, helps you and inspires you, while a bad friend holds you back. If you have people like these in your inner circle, we suggest you _____25______ (remove) them.Roadblock predictorsRoadblock predictors have the annoying ability _____26______ (foresee) a long list of potential barriers and problems. In reality, however, these barriers and problems will not appear and sometimes even cannot appear.Granted, none of us want to make a mistake we _____27______ have avoided. If someone approaches every fresh idea with a never-ending list of reasons that it won't work, he or she needs to go,______28______unreasonable doubt is the enemy of achievement.If my idea truly won't work, tell me why and what might work instead. Otherwise, we should just go our separate ways.Devoted fansAt the other end of the spectrum is the person who thinks____29_______ you do and say is amazing and incredible.Unconditional praise is fun but rarely helpful. None of us are that smart or that talented. Often we do get it wrong. Often we do make mistakes. But often we don't realize it until someone ______30_____ (tell) us. It's easy to tell you that you are great. It's much harder--it takes a real friend to tell you that you can do better.Excessive praise is the enemy of improvement. Be nice to your devoted fans, but don't pay much attention to their praise.The walking deadSome people are just like zombies. They wander aimlessly from task to task, from day to day and from year to year _____31______ a plan or a purpose. They won't kill you, but they'll definitely kill your motivation and enthusiasm.Instead, surround yourself with people who have ambitious plans, meaningful purposes and big goals. _____32______ _____32______ their goals are different from yours, they'll help feed off your energy.(B)Charles Dickens was an English writer and social critic. He created some of the world's best-known fictional characters and is regarded as the greatest novelist of the Victorian era. His works enjoyed unprecedented popularity during his lifetime, and by the twentieth century critics and scholars ____33_______ (recognize) him as a literary genius. His novels and short stories enjoy lasting popularity.Born in Portsmouth, Dickens left school to work in a factory when his father was in prison. At the age of 20, he ____34_____ (draw) to the theatre and landed an acting audition at Covent Garden, where the manager George Bartley and the actor Charles Kemble ____35_____(see) him.Unfortunately, he missed the audition because of a cold. Before another opportunity arose, he had set out on his career as a writer. ______36_____his lack of formal cation, he edited a weekly journal for 20 years, wrote 15 novels and hundreds of short stories and non-fiction articles.Dickens often modified his plot and character development based on readers' feedback. For example, when his wife told him that David Copperfield behaved _____37______ _____37_____he were coward, Dickens improved the character with positive features. His plots were carefully constructed, and he often wove elements from topical events into his narratives. His literary style is also a mixture of fantasy and realism. His satires of British aristocratic snobbery—he calls one character the "Noble Refrigerator"—are often popular. ____38____ (Compare) orphans to stocks and shares is another typical example of Dickens's acclaimed flights of fancy.His novels remain popular and continue to inspire adaptations in every artistic genre. For example, Oliver Twist and Great Expectations ___39______ (adapt) frequently, and, like many of his novels, evoke images of early Victorian London. His 1859 novel, A Tale of Two Cities, __40_____ (set) in London and Paris, is his best-known work of historical fiction. Dickens's creative genius has been praised by fellow writers for its realism, comedy, unique characterizations, and social criticism. The term Dickensian is used to describe something in memory of Dickens and his writings, such as poor social conditions or comically repulsive characters.Section B（10%）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The Great Gatsby is a 1925 novel written by American author F. Scott Fitzgerald that follows a cast ofcharacters living in the fictional town of West Egg onprosperous Long Island in the summer of 1922. The story primarily _____41_____ the young and mysterious millionaire Jay Gatsby and his crazy passion and obsession for the beautiful former lover Daisy Buchanan. Considered to be Fitzgerald's masterpiece, The Great Gatsby_____42_____ themes of decadence, idealism, _____43_____ to change and social upheaval, creating_____44_____ of the Jazz Age or the Roaring Twenties described as a cautionary tale _____45_____ the American Dream.Fitzgerald—_____46_____ by the parties he had attended while visiting Long Island's north shore—began planning the novel in 1923, desiring to produce, in his words, "something new—something extraordinary and beautiful and simple and intricately patterned." Progress was slow, with Fitzgerald completing his _____47_____ following a move to the French Riviera in 1924. His editor, Maxwell Perkins, felt the book was vague and persuaded the author to revise overthe next winter. Fitzgerald repeatedly hesitated about the book's title and he considered a variety of _____48_____, including titles that referenced the Roman character Trimalchio; the title he was last documented to have desired was Under the Red, White, and Blue.First published in April 1925, The Great Gatsby received _____49_____ reviews and sold 20,000 copies in its first year. Fitzgerald died in 1940, believing himself to be a failure and his work _____50_____. However, the novel experienced a revival during World War II, and became a part of American high school curricula and numerous stage and film adaptations in the following decades. Today, The Great Gatsby is widely considered to be a literary classic and a competitor for the title "Great American Novel". In 1998, the Modern Library editorial board voted it the 20th century's best American novel and second best English-language novel of the same time period.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A (15%)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Thinner isn't always better. A number of studies have ___51___ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases than those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for whichbeing overweight is actually ___52___. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. Likewise, among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an ___53___ of good health.Of even greater ___54___ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined ___55___ body mass index, or BMI. BMI ___56__ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, ___57___,can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese.While such numerical standards seem ___58___ , they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, while others with a low BMI may be in poor___59___.For example, many professional football players___60___as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a ___61___ BMI.Today we have a(an) ___62___ to label obesity as a disgrace. The overweight are sometimes___63___in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes ___64___ with obesity include laziness, lack of will power, and lower prospects for success. Teachers, employers, and healthprofessionals have been shown to have biases against the obese. Even very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.Negative attitudes toward obesity, grounded in health concerns, have stimulated a number of anti-obesity policies .My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities. Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives. Michelle Obama launched a high-visibility campaign ___65___ childhood obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.51.A denied B concluded C doubled D ensured52. A protective B dangerous C sufficient D troublesome53. A indicator B objective C origin D example54. A impact B relevance C assistance D concern55. A in terms of B in case of C in favor of D in sake of56. A measures B determines C equals D modifies57. A in essence B in contrast C in turn D in part58. A complicated B conservative C variable D straightforward59. A shape B spirit C balance D taste60. A start B qualify C retire D stay61.A strange B changeable C normal D constant62. A option B reason C opportunity D tendency63. A employed B pictured C imitated D monitored64. A related B combined C settled D associated65.A for B against C with D withoutSection B (32%)Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)LOVE it or hate it, there is no escapefrom Internet slang.This is especially true among youngpeople in some English-speaking countriessuch as Australia, the UK and the US. These days, if they haven’t caught up with the latest popular Internet slang, chances are that they often feel out of the loop on social media.Take these posts by The Washington Post for example: “David Bowie dying is totes tradge” and “When Cookie hugged Jamal it made me totes emosh.”What on earth do these mean? Well, “totes” is a short form of theadverb “totally”. Likewise, “tradge” means“tragic” and “emosh” means “emotional”.It seems that, for millennials (those born between the early 1980s and late 1990s), typing in this abbreviated form is not only time-saving but also hip.Many millennial slang words are formed by what linguists call the practice of “totesing” – the systematic abbreviation of words, according to a recent article in The Washington Post.Some people think that millennial slang affects the English language negatively. However, Melbourne University linguist Rosey Billington doesn't agree.“When you are able to use language in a creative way, you show you are linguistically knowledgeable because you know the language rules well enough to use words in a different way,” Billington told News.au.Her view is backed up by two linguists, Lauren Spradlin and Taylor Jones, from the City University of New York and the University of Pennsylvania respectively. The two believe that totes-speak is a highly-organized system that can only be used by speakers who have mastered English pronunciation.The ability to break apart syllables and mix different sounds together is key. “Totesing is about sounds, and it follows the sometimes-complicated sound system of English,” Jones told TheWashington Post. “Totesing is not random. On the contrary, it has strict rules to follow. You need to be very fluent in the English language to be able to understand totes-speak.”66. The underlined phrase “out of the loop” in the second paragraph probably means _________.A. accepted easilyB. bored and annoyedC. comfortable and relaxedD. unaware of certain information67. How does the author explain the phenomenon of totesing?A. With comparisons.B. Through examples.C. By giving descriptions.D. By analyzing causes and effects.68. What is Lauren S pradlin’s attitude toward the practice of totesing?A. Worried.B. Cautious.C. Positive.D. Critical.69. Which of the following might Taylor Jones agree with?A. Internet slang is mostly created by professional linguists.B. Totesing is mainly about making words easier to pronounce.C. Totesing should be promoted since it is cool, creative andtime-saving.D. Totesing requires speakers to master the language’s rules very well.(B)Public speaking fills most people with dread. Humiliation is the greatest fear; self-exposure and failing to appeal to the audience come a close second. Women hate it most, since girls are pressurized from an early age to be concerned with appearances of all kinds. Most people have plenty of insecurities, and this seems like a situation that will bring them out. If you were under pressure to be perfect, you are terrified of falling in the most public of ways.While extroverts will feel less fear before the ordeal, it does not mean they will necessarily do it better. Some very shy people manage to shine. When I met the British comedian Julian Clary, he was shy and cautious, yet his TV performances are perfect. In fact, personality is not the best predictor of who does it well. Regardless of what you are like in real life, the key seems to be to act yourself.Actual acting, as in performing the scripted lines of a character other than yourself, does not do the job. While politicians may limit damage by having carefully rehearsed, written scripts to speak from, there is always a hidden awareness among the audience that the words might not betrue. Likewise, the incredibly perfect speeches of many American academics are far from natural. You may end up buying their book on the way out, but soon afterwards, it is much like fast food, and you get a nameless sense that you've been cheated.Although, as Earl Spencer proved at his sister Princess Diana's funeral, it is possible both to prepare every word and to act naturally. A script rarely works and it is used to help most speakers. But, being yourself doesn't work either. If you spoke as if you were in your own kitchen, it would be too authentic, too unaware of the need to communicate with an audience.The best psychological place from which to speak is an unselfconscious self-consciousness, providing the illusion of being natural. Studies suggest that this state of "flow", as psychologists call it, is very satisfying.70. Women hate public speaking most mainly because of _____.A. their upbringing very early on.B. their inability to appeal to the audience.C. their sense of greater public pressure.D. their sense of greater humiliation.71. "this" in Paragraph One refers toA. insecurity.B. sense of failure.C. public speaking.D. pressure.72. What is the author's view on personality?A. Personality is the key to success in public speaking.B. Extroverts are better public speakers.C. Introverts have to learn harder to be good speakers.D. Factors other than personality ensure better performance.73. Which of the following is NOT the author's viewpoint?A. Acting like performers spoils the message in a speech.B. Perfection of scripts is necessary in making good impressions.C. Acting naturally means less dependence on the prepared script.D. There should be a balance between actual acting and acting naturally.(C)Come on-Everybody's doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure. It usually leads to no good-drinking, drugs and casual sex. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of groupdynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the world.Rosenberg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of examples of the social cure in action: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool. In South Africa, an HIV-prevention initiative known as LoveLife recruits young people to promote safe sex among their peers.The idea seems promising，and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. Her criticism of the weakness of many pubic-health campaigns is correct: they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a mistaken understanding of psychology." Dare to be different, please don’t smoke!" pleads one billboard campaign aimed at rcing smoking among teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in. Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.But on the general effectiveness of the social cure, Rosenberg is less persuasive. Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful. The most obvious flaw of the social cure as it’s presented here is that it doesn’t work very well for very long. Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut. Evidence that the LoveLife program produces lasting changes is limited and mixed.There's no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence onour behavior. An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits-as well as negative ones-spread through networks of friends via social communication. This is a subtle form of peer pressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day.Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in moral directions. It's like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them with better-behaved classmates. The strategy never really works. And that’s the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the real world, as in school, we insist on choosing our own friends.74. According to the first paragraph, peer pressure often emerges as________________.A. a supplement to the social cureB. a stimulus to group dynamicsC. an obstacle to school progressD. a cause of undesirable behaviors75. Rosenberg holds that public-health advocates should_________________.A. recruit professional advertisersB. learn from advertisers' experienceC. stay away from commercial advertisersD. recognize the limitations of advertisements76. In the author's view, Rosenberg's book fails to__________________.A. adequately explore social and biological factorsB. effectively evade the flaws of the social cureC. illustrate the functions of state fundingD. produce a long-lasting social effect77. The author suggests in the last paragraph that the effect of peer pressure is______________.A. harmfulB. desirableC. profoundD. questionable(D)Franz Kafka wrote that “A book must be theax(斧子)for the frozen sea inside us.”I once shared this sentence with a class of seventh graders, and it didn't seem to require any explanation.We’d just finished John Steinbeck’s novel Of Mice and Men. When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I. “Are you crying?” one girlasked, as she got out of her chair to take a closer look. “I am,” I told her, “and the funny thing is I’ve read it many times.”But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen. In my 14 years of teaching in a New York City public middle school, I’ve taught kidswith imprisoned parents, abusive parents, irresponsible parents; kids who are parents themselves; kids who are homeless; kids who grew up in violent neighborhoods. They understand, more than I ever will, the novel's terrible logic—the giving way of dreams to fate.For the last seven years, I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher, reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight. I originally proposed this idea to my headmaster after learning that a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high school—one that often attracts the literary-minded children of Manhattan's upper classes—into a less competitive school. The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps felt uncomfortable with her new classmates. I th ought additional “cultural capital” could help students like her develop better in high school, where they would unavoidably meet, perhaps for the first time, students who came from homes lined with bookshelves, whose parents had earned Ph.D.’s.Along with Of Mice and Men, my groups read: Sounder, The RedPony, Lord of the Flies, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. The students didn’t always read from the expected point of view. About The Red Pony, one student said, “it's about being a man, it’s about m anliness.”I had never before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth, nor had I heard Lady Macbeth's speech read as raps, but both made sense; the interpretations were playful, but serious. Once introduced to Steinbeck's writing, one boy went on to read The Grapes of Wrath and told me repeatedly how amazing it was that “all these people hate each other, and they’re all white.” His historical view was broadening, his sense of his own country deepening. Year after year, former students visited and told me how prepared they had felt in their first year in college as a result of the classes.Year after year, however, we are increasing the number of practice tests. We are trying to teach students to read increasingly complex texts, not for emotional punch but for text complexity. Yet, we cannot enrich the minds of our students by testing them on texts that ignore their hearts. We are teaching them that words do not amaze but confuse. We may succeed in raising test scores, but we will fail to teach them that reading can be transformative and that it belongs to them.78.The underlined words in Paragraph 1 probably mean that a book helps to______________.A．realize our dreamsB．give support to our lifeC．smooth away difficultiesD．awaken our emotions79.Why were the students able to understand the novel Of Mice and Men?A．Because they were bred in a violent society.B．Because they had read the novel many times.C．Because they got the explanation from the teacher..D．Because they had similar life experiences.80.The girl left the selective high school possibly because______________.A．she was a literary-minded girlB．her parents were immigrantsC．she couldn't fit in with her classD．her father was then in prison81.The author writes the passage mainly to ______________.A．suggest reading classic works of literature creativelyB．advocate teaching literature to touch the heartC．argue for equality among high school studentsD．criticize the current cation system bitterly第II 卷( 53分)I. Recitation (8%)1. 和蔼可亲且真诚地关心他人2. 用微笑回应她的好意3. 把谈话的压力推到对方身上4. 同性的两个人5. 同样适用于西方人6. 完全有理由否认犯过罪7. 毫不犹豫地把整片土地化为废墟8. 施展魔力召唤风暴II. Translation (20% 3+4+4+4+5)Directions:Translate the following sentence into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.交友的秘诀包括用微笑传递自信，学会倾听于交谈，以及赞美你身边的人。

上海中学2015学年第二学期高二年级期中考试英语试卷Book4 unit1-4 虚拟。

主谓一致《黄星坪。

高三一模卷》上海中学2015学年第二学期期中考试英语试题高二 _______ 班 学号 _____________ 姓名 _____________ 成绩 ______________ I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once ・ After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on yourpaper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 10. A. The woman should have attended class on Monday.B. The woman could turn to the history teacher for help.C. The man would tell her the assignment on Monday.D. The man didn't know the history assignment, either.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you w/// be asked three questions on each of the passages ・ The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once ・ When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard ・1. A. At the airport.B. In a theatre. 2. A. $15.B. $5. 3・ A. Teacher and student.C. Manager and office worker.4.A. 20: 25.B. 22: 25. 5. A. Buy some new equipment.C. Watch what the woman is doing.6・ A. To return the book to the library ・C ・ To borrow a book from the library ・7・ A. The other one looked bette 匚C. It should be put on another wall.8.A. Buy three good pairs. C. Buy one good pair. 9.A. The man should not drink beer. C. The man should drink cold bee 匚 C. In a ticket office ・ D. At a hotel. C. $10. D. $25.B. Doctor and patient. D ・ Travel agent and customer.C. 19: 25.D. 18: 25. B ・ Leave the equipment for the woman ・ D. Finish his work quickly. B. To telephone the library about the book. D. To go for a coffee in a cafe ・ B. The man needs more wall space for it ・ D. It makes the wall a little more attractive. B. Buy three cheap pairs. D. Buy one cheap pair. B. The man should drink beer without ice. D. The man should boil the beer.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Give them away ・B. Keep them in paper bags ・C ・ Throw them away.D ・ Send them to companies・ 12. A. Read newspapers every day. B. Pay bills online. C. Send paper letters and cards. D ・ Delete junk mails.13. A. How to keep healthy.B ・ How to do research work. C. How to read online ・ D ・ How to protect the earth ・ Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Only a few days.C. As long as a school likes.15. A. Arranging activities, time.C. Sponsoring holiday get-togethers. D ・ Negotiating extra courses.16. A. To encourage more foreign students to study in the U.S.B. To persuade American families to take more foreign students.C ・ To help the students to leam about American life.D. To introduce the "American Host Family" program.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the Information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.IL Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A 9 B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence ・17. ______ last night, I would have gone to see the movie with you.B. Just one year. D. Several years. B. Deciding on the program^ length ofA.Had it not rainedB. If it didn't rainC.Hadn't it rainedD. Were it not to rain1& Officials met together to discuss such urgent cases _____________ aroused their concerns aboutfood safety・A.thatB. asC. whereD. which19.After ________ seemed a long time, he made a promise __________ w e felt content with・A.it, thatB. what, whatC. what, /D. it, which20.Fd rather you _________ h im the secret until you _________ allowed to.A・ told; were B. didn't tell; are C. hadn^t told; will be D. don T t tell; are21.It doesrft matter_________ will take over the company, as no one can save it from financialcrisis.A.whoever B・ anyone C. who D・ no matter who22.More than one car _______ reported _________ in the traffic accident.A. are, to have been damagedB. has been, to be damagedC・ is, to have been damaged D. was, to have damaged23- It is the English teacher's suggestion that every student _________________ an English-Chinese dictionary.A. hasB. haveC. hadD. must have24. He is one of the most selfish man that _________ ever lived; that's why hardly _________ making friends with him.A. has; anyone likesB. have; does anyone likeC. has; no one likesD. have; anyone likes25• It wasn't until nearly three months later _____________ I received any information from the admission office of the university・A. beforeB. that C・ when D. since26- Hearing the news, he rushed out, __________ the book _________ on the table and disappearedinto the distance.A. left; openB. leaving; lay openC. leaving; lying openD. left; lain open27.Janet as well as her classmates who _______ to study abroad _________ making great efforts tolearn English well.A. wish, isB. wishes, areC. wishes, isD. wish, are28.If Fleming _________ the penicillin, there ___________ far more deaths every year than thereactually are.A. dicing discover; would have beenB. hadn't discovered; would have beenC. had discovered; wouldn\ have beenD. hadn^t discovered; would be29- One is likely to suffer from skin cancer when __________ to strong sunlight for a long time.A. being exposedB. exposingC. exposedD. having exposed30.With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _________ each year.A. is washing awayB. is being washed awayC. are washing awayD. are being washed away31.It's nearly six o'clock. I must start preparing dinner. The guests ______________ be here at any moment.A.couldB. shouldC. mustD. would32.If it were not for the fact that she ________ ill, I would take her to the Disneyland・A.isB. wasC. wereD. had been33._______ they are a special means of expressing human feelings, hand-drawn comics will notgive way to computer-made comics _________ the human mind will give way to the compute匚A. While; more thanB. Just as; unlessC< Since; as long as D・ As; any more than34.This brand of dress costs double _________ the price was two years ago.A. as much asB. as many as C・ what D. than35.Mary was _______ with grief at her dog's death that she couldnl help crying for days・A. distractedB. buried C・ captured D・ overcome36.The Magi ________ Bethlehem to _________ baby Jesus and brought him presents・A. approached; call in B・ headed for; call onC. drew towards; call atD. headed towards; call for37.What does he have going for him that girls ________ him the moment they lay eyes on him?A. take on B・ take for C・ take to D. take after38.The police had to _______ p epper spray and tear gas to _________ the mob and restore peace tothe city.A. employ; break up B・ integrate; tear apartC. deliver; tear down D・ cast; break down39.Our new boss is a considerate man who shows _________ concern to those working for him.A. characteristicB. genuine C・ casual D. expansive40.The word “paparazzi'、refers to photographers who follow celebrities around in order to get interesting pictures of them which often _________ their not-that-glossy private life.A. discloseB. applaud C・ convey D. defineSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.This past National Day holiday saw upwards of half a billion Chinese citizens travelling. While some flew off to international destinations, the ___________________ 41 __ majority enjoyed the many touristsites that China has to offc匚If you were one of those people who decided to explore China\ scenic spots, you probably realized that it isn't just the mountain steps that are steep-lhe entrance fees are, too!The average cost of the highest ____ 42 __ 5A attractions is 109 yuan. This could prove to bea little too steep for some families, who find themselves spending too large a portion of their holiday budget on admission tickets. The 32 5A locations that upped their prices in the past five years experienced an average___________________________ 43 ___ of over 40 percent. The bad news is that these prices are expected to continue to rise. So how does China's situation compare to other parts of the world? The average fees for cultural and historical sites seem to be on par with（与…I司价）international 44— It5s quite another story, however, when you compare natural wonders・ For example, the cost of a ticket to Zhangjiajie National Forest Park hovers around 245 yuan for a three-day tour.This seems ____ 45_ high when you consider that a week long pass to America's YellowstoneNational Park is a mere 74 yuan, here are _____ 46— benefits to increased revenue^攵益）from ticket sales, which support necessary _____ 47_ , maintenance and operation costs. This is especiallyimportant for sites that must keep visitor numbers down in order to protect the natural environment. However, it must also be ____________________________ 48_ that many of China's tourist attractions areoperated by private companies who are ultimately protecting their bottomline（盈亏底线）.While the government has put some _____ 49 __ in place, such as only allowing entrance feesto be raised once every three years, they have not _______ 50 __ the upper limit of ticket prices and increases. Further measures to settle the dispute are being considered. In the meantime, some families are forced to re-think if some attractions are really worth the costs.IIL Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Now that we have briefly explored the history of the short story and heard from a few of its creators, let us consider the role of the reade匚Readers are not empty vessels that wait, ________________ 51 ____ raised, to receive a teacher's or a critic's interpretation. They bring their unique life experiences to the story. With these 52 _________________ , the best readers also bring their attention, their reading skills,and most importantly, their ____ 53 ___ to a reading of a story・My students always ______ 54 ___ me to discuss, analyze, interpret, and evaluate the storieswe read without destroying the excitement of being beamed up into another world・ For years I struggled with one response after the other to this challenge・ Then one day I read an article by a botanist who had 55 the beauty of flowers by x-raying them・ His illustrations showedthe rose and the lily in their ____ 56 _____ beauty, and his x-rays _____ 57 ____ the wonders of their construction. I brought the article to class, where we discussed the benefits of examining the internal 58 of flowers, relationships, cun ent events, and short stories.A short story, ____ 59 ___ , is not a fossil to admire・ Readers must ask questions, guess at the answers, ___ 60 _____ w hat will happen next, then read to discove匚They and the author form a partnership that brings the story to life. Awareness of this partnership keeps the original excitement alive through discussion, analysis, interpretation, and ___________________________ 61 ____. Literary explorations allow the reader to admire the aulhors, _______ 62 ____ as well as their artistry・ In fact, original appreciation may be enhanced by this x-ray vision. The final step is to appreciate once again the story 63 ____________________ -■一to put the pieces back togethe匚Now it is your turn. Form a partnership with your author. During your adventure in reading, enter into a _____________ 64 ______ with the published scholars featured in Short Stories for Students.Through this dialogue with experts you will revise, enrich, or _____________ 65 ____ your original observations and interpretations.During this adventure, I hope you will feel the same as the listeners that surround the neck of54. A ・ begged B. supportedC. encouragedD. challenged 55. A ・ extended B ・ exploredC ・ expressedD ・ exploited 56. A. external B. artificialC. classicalD. traditional 57. A. ensured B. analyzedC. revealedD. delivered 58. A ・ organization B. patternC. beautyD. structure 59. A. however B. furthermoreC ・ therefore D. besides 60. A. interpret B. expectC ・ predict D. tell 61. A. conclusion B. evaluationC ・ summary D. appreciation 62. A ・ craftsmanship B ・ iniemionsC. depthD. character 63. A. by itself B. per seC. in questionD. as a whole 64. A. journey B. processC. dialogue D ・ contact 65. A. recall B. confirm C. identifyD. cancelSection B Directions: Read the fallowing three passages ・ Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)October 17, 1989 is a day San Francisco will never forget. On that day, an uncommon number of tragedies look place. It was also a day when total strangers became linked ・ The story of Jim Betts and Julio Berumen is a moving example of one such meeting ・On that day, Petra Berumen took her daughter Cathy to the dentist. Also in the car was her six-year-old son Julio and their family friend Yolanda• Soon after Petra drove onto the highway, disaster struck. Without warning, the earth began to shake ・The damage was terrible. Hugh trees bent as if they were made of rubbe 匚 Streets cracked and buildings collapsed. At least a stretch of the highway had crashed onto the lower level.Then as quickly as it started, the earthquake stopped. The Berumens's car had been crushed by the steel. Petra and Yolanda were killed instantly. Cathy escaped unhurt but Julio, though still alive, was in dange 匚 Not only was his right leg pinned down by the steel, he was also squeezed between the dead bodies of his mother and Yolanda ・Rescuers had calmed Julio by the time Jim Betts, a doctor from Oakland Hospital, arrived. For two hours, Jim tried to free Julio with two bare hands ・ He did not stop to worry about the fact that aftershocks could send the highway to the ground ・ As soon as Julio was breathing, Jim kept working. However, Julio was lanRiiishinz Jim realized that he had only one choice ・ He would have to cut the boy's right leg at the knee. Conditions were far from ideal. It was hot inside the car. Darkness had fallen outside ・With great care, Jim started the operation. He had to try risky methods. Finally Julio was free.Those hours on the highway were like a nightmare. Jim said: “If my family members were up there badly hurt, they would urgently need help like that.^ Though on the day the earthquake tore many things apart, it also brought brave people together.66- The San Francisco earthquake was an uncommon event for Julio and Jim because ____________ ・my Pueblo story telle匚51. A. hands52. A. considerations53. A. imagination B. sails B ・ explorations B. eagerness C. flags C. associations C. determination D. lids D ・ inteipretations D ・ affectionA.the earth shook violently and suddenlyB・ they became linked unexpectedlyC・ they neither could see the broken highway D・ they both lost their family members67.In the fifth paragraph, Julio was languishing, which means that he was ___________ .A.about to die B・ complaining about the painC. losing his voiceD. crying68.According to the passage, Jim _________ .A・ successfully performed the operationB.had necessary equipment to rescue JulioC.was able to save Julio's right legD.had one family member operated on69.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A・ The Berumens were trying to leave the dangerous city when the earthquake struck.B.Two people of the Berumen family finally survived from the earthquake.C.Jim managed to free Julio from the car without cutting his leg.D・ The conditions were agreeable enough for Jim to perform the operation.(B)BiographyNicole Mary Kidman, AC (bom 20 June 1967) is an AmericabornAustralian actress, fashion model, singer and humanitarian. She is also knownfor her marriage to Tom Cruise, to whom she was married for 11 years andadopted two children, and her current marriage to country musician KeithUrban, with whom she has two biological daughters・As a result of being born to Australian parents in Hawaii, Kidman hasdual citizenship in Australia and the United States. The following is a list ofmovies that Kidman has been involved with. Dead Calm (1989) After starringin a number of small Australian films and TV shows,Kidman's breakthrough was in the 1989 thriller Dead Calm. It was based onthe 1963 novel of the same name by Charles Williams. The film was directedby Australian filmmaker Phillip Noyce and filmed around the Great Barrier Reef.D町of Thunder (1990)Days of Thunder is a 1990 American auto racing film released by Paramount Pictures, bringing her worldwide recog nition. The cast includes Tom Cruise, Nicole Kidma n and Robert Duvall. This is the first of three films to star both Cruise and Kidman (the other two being Far and Away and Eyes Wide Shut).Batman Forever (1995)Batman Forever is a 1995 American superhero film directed by Tim Burton, based on the DC Comics character Batman. The plot focuses on Batman trying to stop Two-Face (Jones) and the Riddler (Carrey) in their villainous scheme to bring the city under their control. The film was released on June 16, 1995, receiving mixed reviews, but was a financial success・Moulin Rouge! (2001)Kidman's performance in the musical Moulin Rouge! (2001) earned her a second Golden Globe Award and first Academy Award nomination for Best Actress. It tells the story of a young English poet/writer, Christian (Ewan McGregor), who falls in love with the terminally-ill star of the Moulin Rouge, cabaret actress and courtesan Satine (Nicole Kidman).The Hours (2002)Kidman's performance as Virginia Woolf in the drama film The Hours (2002) received critical acclaim and earned her an Academy Award for Best Actress and a Silver Bear for Best Actress. The plot focuses on three women of different generations whose lives are interconnected by the novel Mrs Dalloway by Virginia Woolf, who, in 1920s England, is struggling with depression and mental illness while trying to write her novel. Rabbit Hole (2010)The screenplay of Rabbit Hole is an adaptation by David Lindsay Abaire of his 2005 play of the same name・Kidman produced the project via her company, Blossom Films. The plot deals with a couple struggling to heal after the death of their young son. Kidman was critically admired for her performance as Becca Corbett and received Academy Award and Golden Globe Award.Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search70・ Which of the following statements about Nicole Kidman is true?A・ Kidman has dual nationality because of being born to American parents in Australia・B.Kidman and Cruise gave birth to two children in their 11 -year marriage.C.Kidman starred in TV shows before receiving recognition in motion picture industry・D.Far and Away was the first movie Kidman stared with her ex-husband・71.The underlined word "acclairrT has the similar meaning to _____________ ・A.criticismB. compliment C・ complaint D. comment72.Where can we probably find the article?A.A reference site B・ A fashion magazineB.An auto-biography D. A national newspaper(C)The vast majority of fitness trackers count your steps and are worn around the wrist, but now there's a device that's designed to be worn like a necklace and monitors tiny movements to improve your posture.The Fineck device aims to address neck pain by tracking tiny movement, spotting bad habits and suggesting exercises via an accompanying app・ Made from silicone©圭)and titanium(钛)，Fineck monitors a wearer^s movement, balance and posture thanks to sensors inside・ The Mountain View California-based firm says that a high percentage of people suffer from neck pain cind associated problems, probably caused by more individuals doing office jobs, which generally involve leaning over computer keyboard.The device contains sensors, several different types of instruments to monitor movement, plus a monitor to shake・ It connects to an iOS app via Bluetooth so that wearers can see their bad habits and play "neck Gaining" games・ The app warns of health risks and records a user's activity to build up a customer personal health description. The necklace shakes to give smart advice, such as reminding wearers to sit up straight. The app also allows users to set goals, like many other wearables do. “Fineck is the first wearable device for your neck that tracks your neck activity and warn you when you are in a bad posture for too long. You can also exercise your neck with Fineck's interactive games." The company writes on Kickstarte匚"No matter where you are and what you are doing at office, on the go, or simply just feeling bored, Fineck will bring you enriched exercise experience through motion sensing games and therapies?5It also claims that it is "the world's f irst titanium wearable device”. The metal is widely used in fashion stuff that you can wear or cany to match your clothes because it is lightweight, durable and does not tend to cause allergic(过敏白勺)reactions. It also offers additional features such as shaking to indicate alerts on a user5s smartphone, but it is not currently clear whether it can also be used like bands, to count steps, and so on.The Fineck has a battery life of around seven days and takes one hour to charge・It is available to pre-order via Kickstarter from $ 69( £ 44)and is due to ship in March next year.73.What helps the Fineck device to deal with neck pain?A. An accompanying app・B・ A necklaceC・ Computer keyboard・D・ A remote control74.Besides allowing people to set goals, the iOS app also ______ .A.improves your posture and suggests exercisesB.exercise your neck and does office jobsC.alerts you to health risk and records your activityD・ counts your steps and addresses neck pain75.Which of the following statements is TRUE?A・ The Fineck takes an hour to charge and is available at any time.B.Movie stars like to wear necklace made of silicone to match their clothes.C.The device counts the steps to help wearers to see their bad habits・D・ Neck-ache is sometimes caused by using computers too much.76.We can infer from the passage that the Fineck device will ______ .A.actually cause allergic reactions.B.enrich your life by providing "neck training5' gamesC.monitor a wearer's movement due to the material it is made ofD・ help to correct your improper postures(D)World War II initiated the concept of n total war H—war that involved all, civilians and military alike, in the war effort・ This was not really new. Lazare Camot had anticipated it during the French Revolution with his call for n a nation in arms n. But never before World War II had nation been required to draw so heavily upon the total human resources available to them .In each country, there was a propaganda effort to portray every person in the state as personally involved in the struggle being waged. In the United St ates, "Rosie the Riveter” was as much a part of the picture as M G. I. Joe”. The German "Rosies” were not as likely as their American counterparts to be working as riveters, but from 1942 on, they and their children were to face terrors of war as severe as those experienced by their front-line soldiers. Shivering from fear of being buried alive in the cellars that served as air-raid shelters, they had to emerge from those areas of modest security to extinguish the fire bombs that sizzled in the attics above before entire houses were incinerated. Each explosive bomb that fell could mean life or death for each person who heard it coming, depending on where it fell and how big it was.There is no rational way of rendering judgment on the moral aspects of the Allied bombing .It did, of course, kill Nazis and anti-Nazis alike; women and children as well as men; prisoners of war and foreign workers as well as Germans; professors, artists, musicians, and farmers, as well as workers in munitions factories. And the mode of death, as will be seen, was often shocking and STuesome. But it is faulty to assume that without the bombing all those who perished would have survived and would have met death more peacefully. Land invasion would have meant the ravaging of cities by heavy artillery, tanks, and flame throwers, the desperate flight of thousands of civilians (which indeed occurred on Germany's eastern front), and the ultimate collapse of all forces of order, with internecine fighting, famine, and disease as likely accompaniments ・ Neither can one assume that more churches, famous monuments, paintings, library books, and so forth would have survived. That those who dropped the bombs had pangs of guilt in respect to the suffering they caused and the cultural wealth they dest royed is a credit to their humanitarian sensitivities• But sentiments of revulsion are more appropriately directed at war itself, which inevitably brutalizes those involved, destroys normal sensitivities, and opens the way to rape, pillage, and want of destruction. A ^clean11, ^humane11war is an impossibility.77.World War II is particular in that it __________ •A.anticipated the arrival of new age in war-waging.B.victimized the ordinary people and soldiers alike on unprecedented scales-C.made the aggressors suffer more than the aggressed・D・ used the propaganda to get the civilians into it without hesitation・78.It can be inferred from the first paragraph that "Rosie the Riveter M was _________ ・A・ a picture used in the war propaganda.B.the name of an American hero during the war.C.a representative of women who were dragged into the war.D・ a German-born worker who escaped to America during the war.79.The underlined word in Paragraph 2 most probably means ___________ ・A. terrifying B・ challenging C. appealing D. distracting80.According to the author, without the Allied bombing, ___________ ・A more lives might have been saved・B・ people would have died of other disasters・C・ the Allied landing would have been out of the questionD.many cultural objects would have survived・IV. Grammar: Fill in the blanks(A)Westminster Abbey, the gothic church, stands in the heart of modern London overlooking the River Thames and Houses of Parliament. It started as a small monastery(修道院)，(1) _________________ (found) in the year 960 by King Edgar, but soon became one of the most important churches in the kingdom.King Edgar was the first monarch (2) _________ (bury) there in 1065. In the mid 13th Century,King Henry III decided to rebuild it as a great gothic cathedral to rival (与.......... 相匹敌)(3)_______ i n France.All monarchs have been crowned there (4) ___________ W illiam the Conqueror in 1066, andmany monarchs have married in the Abbey, most recently Prince William and Catherine Middleton ・But Westminster Abbey isn't just about royalty. Many of the greatest people in British history are buried or commemorated there—artists, scientists, thinkers—there isn't even a “poeFs corner^ built up (5) the grave of 14th-century poet Geoffrey Chauce匚Westminster Abbey tells the story of ordinary British people too. Parts of the Abbey (6)_______ (destroy) in booming raids (空袭)during World War II, (7) ____________ services went on throughout the wa匚On May & 1945, the V・E(Victory in Europe)Day, a thanksgiving service was held there. Westminster Abbey stood for courage and British spirit・(8) ________ ________ you are not a Christian, it is impossible not to feel a sense ofsomething otherworldly(超脱尘俗地)when you enter Westminster Abbey一and that goes for tourists, ordinary Londoners, or students getting ready for another Friday at school.(B)What do Leonardo da Vinci, Marie Curie, and Albert Einstein have in common? They were all left-handed, along with other famous people including Barack Obama・In fact, an estimated 13 percent of the worlds population (9) ________________________ be left-handed.。