形容词副词的比较级和最高级-中考高频考点——同级比较

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英语中,当把两个人/事物进行比较时,会用两种情况:异级比较(即级别不同)和同级比较(即级别相同)。今天我们将着重讲解同级比较“as…as”。

一.同级比较的构成

此结构肯定式译为:“A和B一样…”;否定式译为:“A和B不一样…”。“原级”是指形容词或副词的原级。需要提醒大家的是,同级比较的否定式as和so可以互换,但意思上有稍许差异:使用so时,更加侧重强调A不如B。具体使用方法如下:

1. 形容词同级比较

Bill is as funny as his father.

比尔和他父亲一样有趣。

His English is as pure as the native’s.

他的英语和当地人一样纯正。

These books aren't as interesting as those.

这些书不如那些书有趣。

I am not as/ so busy as I used to be.

我没有过去那么忙了。

2. 副词同级比较

You read as well as an actor. 你读得跟个演员一样好。

His father runs as fast as mine. 他父亲和我父亲跑得一样快。 肯定:A + as + 原级 + as + B

否定:A + not + as/so + 原级 + as + B

【肯定式】A + be + as + 形容词原级 + as + B

【否定式】A + be + not + as/so + 形容词原级 + as + B

【肯定式】A + V. + as + 副词原级 + as + B

You didn’t finish the task as quickly as Tom.

你完成这项任务和Tom不一样快。

I can’t sing so well as he does.

我唱歌不如他好听。

二.常见as...as习语/谚语

1. as busy as a bee 很忙碌(像蜜蜂一样忙)

2. as strong as a horse/an ox 强壮如牛(像马/牛一样的强壮)

3. as cool as a cucumber 非常冷静(像黄瓜一样的凉)

4. as mad as a wet hen 十分生气(像弄湿的母鸡一样生气)

5. as proud as a peacock 特别骄傲(像孔雀一样骄傲)

6. as dry as a mummy 十分干燥(像木乃伊一样的干)

7. as poor as a church mouse 一贫如洗(像教堂的老鼠一样穷)

8. as easy as a pie 极容易(像馅饼一样容易)

9. as clear as crystal 极其明白(像水晶一样清澈)

10. as blind as a bat 有眼无珠(像蝙蝠一样瞎)

三.解题思路

同级比较的题目只要把握以下关键词,就可以顺利解决:

① 语境 --- 判断“一样”还是“ 不一样”?

② 句型结构 --- 肯定式、否定式?同级比较、异级比较?

③ 词性 --- 形容词、副词?

④ as原形as --- 无论是形容词还是副词,都要使用原形,且结构要完整

四.经典例题

例1:You are fifty, and I'm fifty, too. So I am ________ you.

A. as old as B. not older C. as older as D. not as old as

【考点】同级比较

【答案】A

【解析】句意:你五十岁,我也五十岁,我和你一样大。 【否定式】A + 助动词/情态动词 + not + V. + as/so + 副词原级 + as + B 语境告知我们此题考查同级比较,而且是肯定的,因此要采用“A + be + as + 形容词原级 + as + B”。横线前已经提供了比较的一个人I和相应的be动词am,横线后是比较的第二个人you。观察选项:B是比较级,正确形式应该是“I am not older than you.”题干中缺少than,所以不正确;C选项结构不对,as...as结构中应该使用形容词原形;D选项是同级比较的否定式,不符合句意。故A正确。

例2:【2013苏州】

Peter speaks Chinese well indeed,but of course not ______a local speaker in China.

A. so fluently as B. more fluent than C. as fluent as D. much fluently than

【考点】同级比较

【答案】A

【解析】句意:Peter确实说中文说得很好,但当然并没有中国本地人说得那么好。

题干前半句Tom speaks Chinese well和横线后a local speaker in China两部分提示我们这里在把Tom和

接下来观察选项。选项分类有两种方式:①词性 ②比较种类:同级比较&异级比较

如果按照第一种分类方式考虑,可以首先排除B和C,因为上文的speak是动词,要求使用副词fluently来修饰。在A、D之中,我们发现D选项结构不正确,如果出现than,那么多音节副词fluently的比较级应该是more fluently,而不是much fluently。故A为正确答案。

如果按照第二种分类方式考虑,可以分为AC组(同级比较)和BD组(异级比较)。首先排除D,理由同上述。其次排除B、C,因为修饰speak这个实义动词需要一个副词,而BC中fluent都是形容词,不符合要求。故也可推出答案为A。

例3:【2016 青岛】

The talent show is ______ the game show. I like both.

A. as boring as B. not so bored as C. as interesting as D. not so interested as

【考点】同级比较

【答案】C

【解析】句意:选秀节目和游戏竞赛节目一样有趣,我两者都喜欢。

根据句子中"I like both."两者我都喜欢。这里both指代"the talent show和the game show"。至此,我们可

五.总结:

在处理同级比较的题目时,

1. 要注重语境。

通常情况下,为了增加迷惑度,命题老师会把异级比较的结构作为干扰项。

2. 判断词性是排除干扰项的有效切入点。

题干部分如果出现be动词或系动词,应考虑此处考查的是形容词的同级/异级比较;如果谓语动词是实义动词,那么考查的是副词的同级/异级比较。

3. 注意结构的完成性。

比较级的结构特点往往是有标志词“than”,而同级比较的结构特点是“as…as”。

六. 巩固练习

1. 【2013连云港】

用适当的单词或词组完成句子:

----How can I speak English __________ (与你一样好), Rose?

----Practice makes perfect.

【考点】同级比较

【答案】as well as you

【解析】题干中“一样好”提示我们使用同级比较。接下来题干中“speak”是实义动词,题目要求我们处理的这个“好”应该是副词well,副词同级比较结构“肯定式A + V. + as + 副词原级 + as + B”。这里需要注意的是题干中是提供了同级比较的一个对象就是I,需要我们补足比较的另外一个对象。因此答案为:as well as

you。

2. 【2016张家界】

No mountain in the world is as ____ as Qomolangma.

A. high B. higher C. highest

【考点】同级比较

【答案】A 【解答】句意:世界上没有一座山和珠穆朗玛峰一样高。

3. 【2016新疆】

He is a little ________ than you, but he is as ________ as you.

A. thin; stronger B. thinner; stronger C. thinner; strong D. thin; strong

4. 【2015湖南衡阳】

Look! This house is as ________ as that one.

A. the most beautiful B. more beautiful C. beautiful

5. 【2015湖北襄阳】

--It's cold today. I can't stand it. I hope tomorrow won't be so ________.

--I can't, either. But the radio says it will be even ________ tomorrow.

A. cold; cold B. cold; colder C. colder; colder D. colder; coldest