南充市最新 高考英语任务型阅读专题练习(附答案)

南充市最新 高考英语任务型阅读专题练习(附答案)

一、高中英语任务型阅读

1．请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

There's a contradiction in the way many of us behave online: we know we're being watched all

the time, and disapprove of the monitor by Google and the government. But the bounds of

what's considered too personal to be uploaded or shared online seems to shrink by the day.

I complain about the lack of privacy, for example, and yet I willingly and routinely trade it for

convenience. I no longer run the risk of unforeseen delays on public transport; Google Maps will

inform me of the fastest route to my destination; I no longer need to remember my friends'

birthdays; Facebook will urge me, and invariably appeal to me to post an update to remind

people I exist. All I have to do is make my location, habits and beliefs transparent to their parent

companies whenever they choose to check in on me.

So what's going on? “Visibility is a trap,” explained the French philosopher Michel Foucault in

Discipline and Punish: the Birth of the Prison(1975). Allowing oneself to be watched, and learning

to watch others, is both attractive and dangerous. He took for example “Panopticon”, a prison

where prisoners were observed from a tower manned by an invisible occupant. The prisoners

would believe in the presence of the mysterious watchman, whether or not anyone was actually

inside, and behave themselves.

According to Foucault, the dynamics of the Panopticon are similar to how generally people self-monitor in society. In the presence of ever-watching witness, people police themselves. They

don't know what the observers are looking for, or what the punishments are for disobedience (不顺从). But they willingly accept and follow this invisible discipline.

Foucault claimed that such monitoring is worrisome, not just because of what companies and

states might do with our data, but because the act of watching is itself a terrible exercise of

power, which may influence behavior without our fully realizing it.

But something's not right here. Why does the self-display continue when we are sure that we

are watched from everywhere and nowhere?

Social media provides a public space that often operates more like a private one, where many

people hold the belief that there they won't suffer the consequences of what they say online, as

if protected by technology.

Plato would be alarmed by the lack of shame online. His point about moral knowledge is this:

we already know the right way to live a just and fulfilling life, but are constantly distracted(转移)

from that noble aim. For him, then, shame helps us be true to ourselves and to pay attention to

the moral knowledge within. A man without shame, Plato says, is a slave to desire — for material

goods, power, fame, respect. Such desire, by its nature, cannot be satisfied.

Phenomenon While people hate being monitored, the ________ of privacy is gradually

becoming a more serious problem.

My experience I complain about the lack of privacy but still exchange it for convenience. convenience * I ________ on Google maps for the fastest route to

avoid delays on public transport.

* Facebook will remind me of my friends' birthdays, and

appeal to me to be updated.

cost I must make my ________ information available to

relevant companies.

Michel Foucault's

explanations Idea: Visibility is a trap.

An analogy:

* In the Panopticon, prisoners behave themselves just because they

believed they were watched by an ________ watchman.

* In real life, the way people self-monitor ________ the dynamics of the

Panopticon. They willingly follow the invisible discipline.

Worries: Our data may be ________ and monitoring may influence us to

change our behavior ________.

Reasons for

contraction Though being watched, self-display continues because some netizens

think that they don't need to take ________ for what they say online.

Conclusion *Shame is essential in leading a just and fulfilling life.

*Shame helps us stay true to ourselves and focus on our ________.

*Shame can ________ us being a slave to desires for fame and fortune.

【答案】 invasion /violation /leak /lack

；depend /rely /count

；private /personal

；invisible

；resembles

；abused/ misused

；unconsciously

；responsibility

；morality /moral(s)

；prevent/stop

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，我们所有网上的行为都被监视，虽然网络给我们带来了便利，但隐私的泄露却给我带来了很大的影响。很多人尽管知道自己的行为被监视，却仍然在网上我行我素，认为自己的行为不会带来严重的后果，文章认为这主要是因为缺少羞耻心。

（1）考查同义转换。根据第一段中的“There's a contradiction in the way many of us behave

online: we know we're being watched all the time, and disapprove of the monitor by Google and

the government.”可知当我们上网的时候，我们的行为都收到了监视。我们的隐私被泄露