英语四级近义词辨析

近义词：

pierce 猛戳、猛插入、猛刺入

fierce 激烈的、猛烈的

fierce competition

strained 紧崩的、拉紧的

be critical of 对...进行批评、挑剔

errors = mistakes/sth. done wrongly

steamed bread 馒头

fault 错（指人的性格、行为或习惯上的缺点）

shortcomings - （反）merits 指在学校中老师作评语时给出的优缺点

flaw 指物体或材料上的瑕疵

rise和arise都是不及物动词。

raise vt. 提高、提升；饲养、抚养

raise the flag

raise children

raise pigs

rise 指太阳、旗帜、水位等的上升（具体概念）

arise 指抽象概念的一种出现

artificial false unnatural unreal

artificial 人造的、人为的

e.g. artificial leg

leather 皮革

e.g. artificial leather

unnatural 形容人的行为举止不自然；不正常的

e.g. a bird of unnatural size

false 假的（具有欺骗性的）

e.g. false passport

false hair

false teeth

unreal 虚幻的

e.g. unreal world

give present promise grant credit entitle

give sb. sth./give sth. to sb.

e.g. give me a book/give a book to me

grant sb. sth. 正式的授予

e.g. He granted me one mao. （错）

grant 资助

take sth. for granted 把...看作是理所当然

entitle

entitle sb. to do sth./entitle sb. to sth.

credit 学分

credit card 信用卡

credit A to B 把A归咎于B

e.g. credit the car accident to the driver's carelessness

present 赠与、给与

e.g. present with

promise

promise to do

promise sb. sth.

e.g. give me a book I was given a book.

A book was given to me.

mild light slight tender

mild 温柔的 = gentle；吃的东西不辣的

spicy 麻辣

soft 柔软的

e.g. soft drink - hard drink

slight 轻微的、少许的

e.g. A slightest change of the schedule may affect everyone.

simplest 最最简单的

slightest 最轻微的、最少许的

least

at least 至少

light - （反） heavy

light 清淡的、容易消化的

tender

tend + to 趋向于

tender （肉）嫩的

laziness idleness poverty

laziness - lazy 懒惰

poverty - poor 贫穷、穷困

inability 无能力

idleness 游手好闲

idle 闲置（的）

e.g. idle capital 闲置资本

idle away some time 虚度光阴

kill time 消磨时间

nuisance worry trouble anxiety

nuisance 指具体的令人讨厌的东西

trouble 指代的是一种problem

worry和anxiety都是永陪词汇

crash clash smash ash wreck accident

spot pollute stain

crash 表示飞机的失事

wreck 轮船的失事

accident 汽车的车祸

spoil 宠坏、惯坏

injure 在事故中受伤

wound （刀、枪等）伤

hurt (感情、情感的)伤

e.g. You hurt my feelings.

My leg hurt.

hurt oneself 自残

spot 使...有污点；污点、污迹（点状）

e.g. spotted dog

chip – chop

stain 弄脏、染色（片状污迹）

debate consult dispute bargain

debate 辩论

consult 咨询

consultant 顾问

dispute 反驳

beyond dispute 无可争辩

bargain

+ with sb. 与某人讨价还价

+ about sth. 就...讨价还价

答案：D

valid vain vacant empty vague hollow bare blank

valid 具有法律效力的

vacant

没人占用而空

暂时没有充满而空

（反）occupied

empty 空空如也的，什么也没有

vain

in vain 徒劳，白费力气

blank 因为没写字而空

hollow 中空的、空心的 - （反）solid

bare 光秃秃的（一般形容土地）

bald

答案：D

动词和动词短语

1、turn

turn down 将音量关小；拒绝

turn up 把音量开大；出现

turn out 结果是、证明；生产

turn over 移交、转交（没有方向性）

turn to 求助于；参考

turn in 交给、上交

turn on 打开（电视机）

look out = be careful

take care 当心、小心

make out

1、= understand 理解、领悟

2、= hard to recognize 费力的辨认出

3、开具支票 make out a check

go over

1、复习

2、仔细检查

答案：C

2、make

make out

make for 朝...走去

make off 匆匆地离开某地、逃走

make up

组成、构成 + 数字/百分比 be made up of 组成、构成（被动）

补考

缓考

make it = succeed in doing sth.

make up for 弥补、补偿

stick to strike at strive to strive for

stuck to

stick to（介词） 坚持

e.g. Stick to the end and you will make it.

strove for

strive for 为...而努力

e.g. Don't strive for perfection.

struck at

strike at

curse at 咒骂

fire at 冲某人开枪

shout at 冲某人大喊

struck at

strike at 抨击、批评

come up with put up with catch up with keep up with put to rest

stand up to = put up with 忍受

tolerate/stand/bear

come up with 提出建议、提出想法

catch up with和keep up with大多数时可互换

catch up with 赶上、追上

keep up with 跟上

come up against 突然遇到反对、困难等等

live up to 按照...形式

have a great deal of trouble 做某事遇到麻烦

+ (in) doing sth.

resist sustain tolerate undergo

resist

e.g. water resistant 防水

resist 抵制、防

+ doing

sustain 供养

undergo 经历、遭受

3、take

take after 在外貌，性格等方面与父母相像

take apart （将大型机器）分解，拆开

take back 收回 = withdraw

e.g. I'll take back what I said.

take down

= write/put/set down 记下、写下

（将大型机器货物件）分解

take effect 生效

take effective steps/measures

采取有效措施

take sth. for granted 把...看作理所当然

take in