全国高考英语试题分类汇编：虚拟语气 情态动词Word版含解析

高考英语情态动词和虚拟语气专题汇编第一部分高考题荟萃1.（20安徽32）Jack described his father, who _______a brave boy many years ago, as a strong–willed manA. would beB. would have beenC. must beD. must have been答案：D.考点：本题考查情态动词推测用法。

解析：句意为“杰克把他的父亲描述为一个意志坚强的人，他的父亲多年前肯定很勇敢。

”用must have been表示对过去事情的肯定推测。

2.（20湖南23）You buy a gift, but you can if you want to.A. mustB. mustn'tC. have toD. don't have to答案：D考点：情态动词解析：don’t have to 意为“没有必要”，符合语境，句意为：“你没有必要买礼物，但如果你想买的话，你也可以买。

”3. （20江西23） I have told you the truth. ______ I keep repeating it?A MustB CanC MayD Will答案：A考点：考察情态动词的用法。

解析： must 必须, 一定 can 可以, 能够 may 也许 will 意愿, 倾向性动作, 前半句说我告诉你事实了, 这里用的是现在完成时, 表示过去的动作对现在造成了影响, 既然我已经说了, 我还必须重复一遍吗？4. （20山东25）I_______ have watched that movie —it’ll give me horrible dreams.A. shouldn’tB. needn’tC. couldn’tD. mustn’t答案：A考点：本题考查情态动词的用法。

解析：句意应为“我本来不应该看那部电影的----它会使我做噩梦的。

高三英语虚拟语气与情态动词试题答案及解析1. They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they_____ to our help.A．would have come B．could come C．have come D．had come【答案】A【解析】这里when引导的是定语从句，修饰前面的名词months;根据谓语动词were可知事情发生过去，or后是对过去的虚拟，所以应该用would have done，故选A。

句意：在我们进行调查期间他们在国外，要不然的话他们就来帮忙。

【考点】考查虚拟语气。

2. (2014·蜀光中学月考)The weather turned out to be fine yesterday.I________the trouble to carry the umbrella with me.A．couldn’t have taken B．mustn’t have takenC．needn’t have taken D．didn’t need to take【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词。

句意为：昨天天气很好，我本不必麻烦随身带伞的。

根据句意可知C项正确。

needn’t have done本没有必要做而做了。

答案：C3. ______ today, he would get there by Friday.A．Were he to leave B．If he had left C．Did he to leave D．Had he left【答案】A【解析】句意：要是他明天离开，在星期五之前就会到那里。

这里的were he to leave today="If" he were to leave today, 为虚拟语气，if条件句谓语中如果有系动词were，助动词should,had可将它提到主语前面，省去if.所以选A。

三年（ 2017-2019）年高考真题分项汇编专题 06 神态动词和虚构语气一、 2019 年高考真题1.【 2019 ·江苏卷·单项填空】 31.What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _________a good time together.A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. had had【答案】 C【分析】考察虚构语气。

句意：真遗憾！你错过了此次参观，不然，我们本应当在一同度过一段快乐光阴的。

依据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚构，与过去事实相反的假定。

其句子构造为：从句：If+ 主语 +过去完成时 +其余，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+此刻达成时+其余，应选C。

2.【 2019 ·天津卷·单项填空】 14.The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ____________ the task inhalf the time.A. accomplishedB. had accomplishedC. would accomplishD. would have accomplished【答案】 D【分析】考察虚构语气。

句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，不然他们用一半的时间就能达成任务。

根据上句 the workers were not better organized 可知，这是对过去事情的虚构。

与过去事实相反的假定。

其句子构造为：从句：If+ 主语 +过去达成时 +其余，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+此刻达成时+其余，故选 D。

二、 2018 年高考真题1.【 2018 ·江苏】 24. I t ’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner ’s permission.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might【答案】 B【分析】考察虚构语气。

专题七情态动词与虚拟语气情态动词的基本用法情态动词具有一定的词义，没有人称和数的变化，必须和其他动词一起构成谓语，用来表示愿望、态度或推测等。

1．表示能力(1)表示现在的能力⎩⎨⎧canam/is/are able to(2)表示将来的能力：will be able to (3)表示过去的能力⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧could 表示过去的能力，不表示是否做was/were able to 表示过去有能力做，并且成功地做了 相当于：managed to do sth. /succeeded in doing sth.could have done 表示过去本来能够做但未做I can 't promise anything, but I 'll do what I can . 我不能许诺什么，但我会尽力而为。

(表示现在的能力)The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out. 尽管这场大火迅速蔓延到了这个宾馆，但是每个人都逃了出去。

(表示过去有能力做并且成功地做了)I could have worked out the problem, but I was too nervous.我本来可以解出这道题，但我太紧张了。

(表示本来有能力做但未做) 2．表示推测(可能性)可能性可分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。

(1)客观的可能性并不表示具体某事是否会发生，而用来说明人或事物的特征．．．．．．．．．。

情态动词can 可用于肯定句中表示客观的(或理论的)可能性，而表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时， can 一般不用于肯定句。

Accidents can happen on such rainy days.在这样的多雨天气里可能会发生事故。

(表示客观的可能性) We may go to the cinema tonight, but we are not sure yet. 今晚我们可能去看电影，但还没确定。

专题六情态动词和虚拟语气1.【2015·北京】29．—Can’t you stay a little longer?—It’s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone.A .mayB .canC . mustD .dare【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：——你不能再多待会儿吗?——很晚了，我必须得走了。

我女儿一个人在家。

A. may可能，可以，也许；B. can能，会；C. must必须，必然要，必定会；D. dare敢，胆敢。

结合句意，故选C。

【考点定位】考查情态动词辨析【名师点睛】本题是考查情态动词，这里考查的是语气的强度，在这里结合语境是“一定”的意思，所以要做好此类辨析题需掌握情态动词选项的语气并结合语境。

2.【2015·北京】34. If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn’t have believed it.A . didn’t see B. weren’t seeing C. wouldn’t see D. hadn’t seen 【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信。

根据后半句wouldn’t have believed 可以判断是对过去的虚拟。

所以从句是if+主语+ had+done的形式。

故选D。

【考点定位】虚拟语气【名师点睛】条件句中有if引导时,首先要根据句意和句子结构判断是真实条件句还是虚拟条件句,如果符合虚拟的结构,就可以根据句子中的时间和语意判断应该用哪种虚拟语气。

3.【2015·重庆】7. Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novelA Farewell to Arms.A.d idn’t writeB. hadn’t writtenC. wouldn’t writeD. wouldn’t have written【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器。

【五年真题】2006-2010年高考真题汇编：情态动词、虚拟语气（含解析）2006年真题〖06全国Ⅰ卷〗There’s no light on—they ______ be at home.A. can’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. shouldn’t〖答案〗A〖考点〗考查情态动词的用法。

〖解析〗句意为：（家中）没有亮灯, ——他们肯定不在家。

此处要用情态动词表推测, 且用于否定句表示“肯定不……”,故can’t符合要求。

must表推测时不用于否定句, mu stn’t表示“禁止, 不许”；needn’t表示“不需要”；shouldn’t表示“不应当”,故A项符合要求。

〖06全国Ⅰ卷〗Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ______ yesterday.A. was happeningB. happensC. has happenedD. happened〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查虚拟语气的用法。

〖解析〗as if仿佛, 好像, 其后的从句可出现虚拟语气。

句意为：Eliza清楚地记得每一件事, 仿佛它是昨天发生的！句中remembers为一般现在时, 故as if从句中用一般过去时来表示虚拟语气。

〖06全国Ⅱ卷〗We hope that as many people as possible ______ join us for the picnic tomorrow.A. needB. mustC. shouldD. can〖答案〗D〖考点〗本题考查情态动词的用法。

〖解析〗句意为：我们希望尽可能多的人能参加我们明天的野餐。

用can.表示可能性。

〖06北京卷〗—What’s the name?— Khulaifi. ______ I spell that for you?A. ShallB. WouldC. CanD. Might〖答案〗A〖考点〗本题考查情态动词的用法。

2014全国高考汇编之虚拟语气+情态动词一（2014安徽卷）30．People are recycling many things which they away in the past.A. had thrownB. will be throwingC. were throwingD. would have thrown【考点】考察情态动词用法【答案】D【解析】句义：人们作者回收利用他们过去常常会扔掉的东西。

Would have done过去常常做某事；是对过去发生的事情的推测。

如果不适应情态动词，可以使用一般过去时threw。

故D正确。

【举一反三】I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.A. had comeB. was comingC. would comeD. would have come【答案】D【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。

【解析】句意为“我本来可以早点来，但我真不知道他们在等我。

”but I didn’t know表示了过去时间，因此前句是对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选D。

二（2014北京卷）27. ________ I have a word with you? It won’t take long.A. CanB. MustC. ShallD. Should【考点】考察情态动词词义辨析【答案】A【解析】本题考察的是情态动词基本意义辨析。

Can能够，可能；must必须，一定；非得；shall将要；should应该；句意：我可以和你谈谈吗？不会花很多时间的。

根据句意可知本题使用can I…？表示询问对方是否允许。

如：Can I use your dictionary?我可以使用你的字典吗？故A正确。

三（2014北京卷）34. We __________ back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.A. areB. wereC. will beD. would be【考点】考察虚拟语气【答案】D【解析】本题考察的是if条件状语从句的虚拟语气。

专题03 情态动词和虚拟语态情态动词★ 情态动词：can, could, may, might, must, ought to, shall, will, would, need ,dare1. 表示推测的情态动词1.1基本原则：1.1.2 对现在或将来情况推测，用情态动词+do / be / be doing…对过去的推测，用情态动词+have done / been…1.1.3表示肯定推测的情态动词,按可能性由大到小依次为:must> should / oughtto>may>might>could1.1.4否定推测，按语气由强到弱依次为：can’t / couldn’t（根本不可能）>may not> mightnot/could not(可能不)。

1.2 具体用法：1.2.1 must be表示推测，意为“一定是……” 只用于肯定句中must have done意为“一定做过某事或某事肯定发生了” 并且有前文铺垫e.g. Listen! There must be some children in the room.The road is wet. It must have rained last night.1.2.2 should (not) / ought (not) to在中表示根据常规或常识推测，表示“某事应该或不应该发生”e.g. It is nearly 7 o’clock. Jack should be here at any moment.You shouldn’t be texting in the class now. We are having a lesson.(should not 含有责备之意)1.2.3 can, could表达推测时，一般用于疑问句和否定句中；can用于肯定句中表示一种理论上的可能性，意为“有时候会…”，并不牵涉是否真的会发生；could用于肯定句中，语气比may/ might更弱。

专题02 动词的时态、语态、情态动词、虚拟语气一、2022年高考真题1.（2022年全国甲卷语法填空）In the last five years. Cao ___67___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___68___ (high) mountain.67.【答案】has walked【解析】考查动词时态。

句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。

根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao 为第三人称单数，助动词用has。

故填has walked。

68.【答案】highest【解析】考查形容词最高级。

句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。

根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。

故填highest。

2.（2022年全国甲卷短文改错）He showed me how his medical instruments was used. However, after I went to high school, somehow I become distant from him. I was unwilling talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not stay out with my friends too late.【详解】2.【答案】was→were【解析】考查主谓一致。

句意：他向我展示他的医疗器械是如何使用的。

主语instruments为复数形式，全文为一般过去时，be动词用复数形式were。

高考英语专题情态动词与虚拟语气单句语法填空1、Samuel,the tallest boy in our class,__________easily reach the books on the top shelf.2、I love the weekend, because I__________(need) get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.3、It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, bring me food.4、My book, The House of Hades, is missing. Who have taken it?5、I still remember my happy childhood when my mother take me to Disneyland at weekends.6、Although you find bargains in London,it,s not generally a cheap place to shop.7、Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I__________ (dance) as well as her.8、I wish I__________(be)at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday,but I was on a business trip in New York then.9、It the poisoned girl __________(find) two hours earlier, she could have been saved.10、We would rather our daughter (stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.单句改错11、In my opinion, by doing part-time jobs, college students must gain some social experience and broaden their horizons.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________12、Most importantly,all of us must believe in each other and been honest in our daily life.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________13、We must found ways to protect our environment._____________________________________________________________________14、However, if we stress cooperation too much, there would he no progress._____________________________________________________________________15、Firstly,I’d like to show my appreciation to those who stand by me all the way, teachers, parents and friends included. Without their help or advice, my life will he different.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 16、I’d rather you go home now._____________________________________________________________________ 17、Our English teacher gave us a suggestion that we made good use of our time._____________________________________________________________________ 18、The teacher insisted that we must hand in our exercise before supper._____________________________________________________________________ 19、If I am you, I would not accept his gift._____________________________________________________________________ 20、He desired that you went to pick him up after school._____________________________________________________________________单项选择21、—Did you visit the famous cultural relics last month?—No,we _________ it,but we spent too much time shopping.A.could have visitedB.must have visitedC.can’t have visitedD.shouldn’t have visited22、——I’m sorry. I at you at the other day.——Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.A.shouldn’t shoutB.shouldn’t have shoutedC.mustn’t shoutD.mustn’t have shouted23、—It’s many years since I saw you last; I____you at all.—I wouldn’t have, either; if someone ____you by the name.A.didn’t recognize; hadn’t calledB.didn’t recognize; didn’t callC.haven’t recognized; didn’t callD.recognized; hag called24、no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.A.Were thereB.Had there beenC.If there areD.If there have been25、_______not for the support of the teachers,the student could not overcome her difficulty.A.It wereB.Were itC.It wasD.Was it语法填空26、I want you, my dear readers, to live a life like a dog. Am I crazy? No. What I tell you is really useful.Be yourself. When we adopted Rocky, I almost forgot to ask his name. The clerk said, "It's Rocky, but I will change it to Pierre, if I ①__________(be) you. We soon learned this black boy was anything but a Pierre. He’s athletic,funny,②__________(society) , and free. The name Rocky suits him well. No matter ③__________others think you should be like,it’s always bes t to be your true self.Master the basics. Eat, sleep, exercise, and connect with your family. Rocky is never too busy to eat, too distracted to sleep, or too tired to go for a walk, ④__________does he ever turn down an opportunity to connect. His wagging-tail greetings, kisses, and ability ⑤__________(land) directly in the middle of the sitting room ⑥__________(be) all powerful statements about just how-basic the need to connect really is. And yet, in today's world, ⑦__________is often easy to forget that family and friends are ⑧__________(actual) the basics.Explore, explore, explore. Curious and smart. Rocky always seems ready to explore new territory. He'll be happy to learn a new “trick”,climb new hills, or try new toys. In life, the⑨__________(choose) is yours: play it safe and keep staying, ⑩__________ face the unknown and continue to grow.短文改错27、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。