动名词用法归纳Mar 11, 2011
一. 动名词作主语和表语
动名词表示抽象的具有普遍性的行为，不定式表示某一次具体的行为。
Seeing is believing.
(但现代英语也可以：To see is to believe.)
Swimming is a good sport. (抽象)
To swim is good for today. (具体)
My job is teaching English. (抽象)
Your job is to clean the window now. (具体)
二. 作宾语
1. help to do 帮着做
can’t help doing 禁不住
want / need doing = want / need to be done
Your hair needs cutting. / Your hair needs to be cut.
2. 只能跟动名词作宾语的动词有：
enjoy; finish; suggest; advise; imagine; mind; practise; consider(考虑)；understand; bear / stand (容忍) 等。
I enjoy listening to music.
I’ve finished doing my homework.
He imagined finding a purse in the street.
He suggested having a rest.
She is practising playing the piano.
He is considering going abroad.
3. 接动名词作宾语的短语有：
be good at; be proud of; be fond of; look forward to; be devoted to; insist on; be busy doing; be worth doing; feel like doing; be used to doing; succeed in doing 等。
She is proud of being beautiful.
He is fond of playing computer games.
I am looking forward to going to the village.
I insist on learning English.
4. 接动名词作宾语的重点介词：
after; before; on (一…就…); without 等。
After playing football, we feel tired.
Before playing football, we feel excited.
On opening my eyes, I found Mother standing by my side.
I sometimes go to school without having breakfast.
三．动名词作定语
动名词作定语说明被修饰词的用途；现在分词作定语说明被修饰词本身发出的动作。
drinking water (动名词；饮用水); a drinking horse (现在分词；喝水的马)
a reading room; the sitting room; the dinning room; an opening speech; a singing
competition; a sleeping pill; a walking stick;
四. 动名词复合结构sb’s doing
1. 作主语
Mary’s being late made the teacher angry.
Farmers’ working hard makes the rice grow well.
2. 作宾语（动宾和介宾）
Would you mind my / me opening the window?
I’m looking forward to my cousin’s / cousin coming.
I don’t understand his / him behaving like that.
规则：动名词复合结构作宾语时，可以把sb’s 简化成sb, 人称代词用宾格，名词所有格简化成名词。
3. 逻辑主语是无生命的东西或较长的名词词组，不用所有格形式。
I’m sure of the news being true. (news 无生命)
The noise of desks being opened and closed could be heard outside in the street. (desk 无生命)
How about the two of us having a walk?
Do you remember Mary and her mother coming to see us?
Did you ever hear of a man of good sense refusing such an offer? (有头脑的人)
五．动名词的被动形式being done
After being examined, he left the hospital.
He did it without being asked.
He didn’t mind being left alone at home.
They couldn’t stand being treated like that.
He couldn’t bear being laughed at.
I don’t like being disturbed while studying.
He hates being called a fool.
六．动名词完成式having done
After having reviewed my lessons, I went to bed.
I apologize for not having kept my promise.
Excuse me for not having answered your letter earlier.
They all blamed him for having done it.
七．动名词的完成被动形式having been done
I don’t remember having been given a chance to try this method.
I don’t mind having been written like this.
八．标语
No smoking! No parking! No spitting! No talking in class!
