〖中考英语突击〗2018中考英语各类从句及考点
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考点1关系代词的用法()1.(2015·广州)The stories ______ were written by Mark Twain are often humorous.A. thatB. thoseC. whoD. what()2.Tony ate the big cake ______I made this morning.A.whatB. thatC. whoD.whom()3. A nurse is a person ______ looks after sick people.A. whoB.whomC. whichD. whose()4. John is the boy ______ legs were badly hurt in the accident.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. whose()5. All the children like the teachers ______ can understand them.A. whatB. whichC. whoD. whose()6. She said ______ the man ______ had stolen the money had long hair.A. who; whoB. who; thatC. that; whoD. that; which()7. — Mary, where does your mother work?— She works in a company ______ sells cars.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. who()8. (2014·广州)Do you know the man ______ is talking to MissWu?A. HeB. whomC. whoD. which()9. A WeChat(微信)is an invention ______can help people talkto friends, share photos, ideas and feelings freely.A. whichB. whoC. whoseD. how()10. The first thing ______ I am going to do this evening is towrite to my father.A. thatB. whichC. whoD.what考点2关系副词的用法()11. Yesterday Li Ming went to the village ______ his familylived ten years ago.A. whenB. whichC. whereD. that()12. I still remember the time ______ I met you three years ago.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. what()13. We are going to visit my hometown ______ I grew up.A. whichB. whoC. whereD. that()14. —The duty of Project Hope is to help poor children, isn’t it?— Yes, it has built many school ______ those children can study happily.A.whereB. whenC. whichD. who()15.I want to know the reason ______ you want to go there.A.thatB. whereC. whoD. why()1.(2016·河南)Theaters may have a brighter future if they can provide a movie experience______ people cannot get at home.A.thatB. whoC. whomD. what()2.(2016·山西改编)The earth is the planet______ provides us with everything we need, fresh air, clean water and so on. It’s our duty to protect it.A. whoB. thatC. whereD.what()3.(2016·哈尔滨改编)—Shakespeare(莎士比亚)is a great writer______is considered as a genius(天才).—I think so. Many people around the world admire him very much.A. whenB. whoC. whichD.whom()4.(2016·长沙改编)—What are you doing, Tim?—I am listening to the song Long L ive______makes me feel excited.A.whichB. whoC. /D.what()5.(2016·黄冈)—I really want to relax myself. Could we see City Danger tonight?—Sure! The actor______a hero used to be a schoolteacher. I like him very much.A. who playB. which playsC. who playsD. that play()6.(2016·黄石)Xiandao Lake in Yangxin is the famous place ______ we’ll visit next week.A. thatB. whoC. whereD. whom()7.(2016·随州)The policeman has caught the thief______stole Mr.Li’s wallet.A.whoseB. whoC. whomD. which()8.(2016·厦门改编)—I’d lik e to read some Chinese classics. Any suggestions?—Journey to the West. It’s a book______is about Monkey King.A.whatB. whoC. thatD.whose()9.(2016·绵阳)I prefer movies ______ me something to think about.A. which givesB. that givesC. that giveD. who give ()10.(2016·郴州改编)—Which invention do you like best? —QQ. It is an______ inventioncan help us communicate with others online freely.A.whatB. thatC. whoD.where()11.(2016·呼和浩特)Being blind is something______ most people can’t imagine.A. 不填B.whatC.whoD.which()12.(2016·滨州)—Which song do you like better,Maria?—I prefer the song Manual of Youth______ is sung by TFBOYS.A.which B.whoC.whom D.where()13.(2016·黔东南州)The teenagers like themusician______different kinds of music.A.who playB.which playsC.who playsD.that play()14.(2016·荆门改编)—Do you know about Tu Youyou?—Yes,she is the first Chinese______ won a Nobel prize in science.A.who haveB.that haveC.which hasD.that has()15.(2015·泰安)—Why are you so worried?—I’ve lost the watch______my dad bought me on my birthday.A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.which()16.(2015·河南)—Why don’t you like fishing?—Fishing is a hobby ______ needs much patience,but I’m not patient at all.A.whoB. thatC. itD.what()17.(2015·黄冈)—Which song do you like better,Lucy?—I prefer the song Little Apple______can attract many people.A.whichB. whoC. whomD. where()18.(2015·绵阳)Books are everywhere,but it’s not easy to findone______ is really interesting.A. thatB. whoC. itD. what()19.(2015·德州)Everyone ______ has been to Shanghai says it is a modern city.A.whyB.whoseC.whoD.which()20.(2015·南宁)Have you ever heard of the news______ is about the Strawberry Concert?A.whoB.whatC.whichD.when专题十四定语从句A组:1.A 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.A11.C 12.C 13.C 14.A 15.DB组:1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.C 10.B11.A 12.A 13.C 14.D 15.D16.B 17.A 18.A 19.C 20.C。
2018中考英语条件状语从句知识点总结
各位读友大家好,此文档由网络收集而来,欢迎您下载,谢谢
新一轮中考复习备考周期正式开始,中考网为各位初三考生整理了各学科的复习攻略,主要包括中考必考点、中考常考知识点、各科复习方法、考试答题技巧等内容,帮助各位考生梳理知识脉络,理清做题思路,希望各位考生可以在考试中取得优异成绩!下面是《2018中考英语条件状语从句知识点总结》,仅供参考!条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的连词或词组有:if,unless,as long as等。
如果主句是将来时,条件状语从句也用一般现在时来表示。
如:I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.如果明天下雨,我就待在家。
You can’t learn English well unless you work hard.
除非你努力学习,否则是学不好英语的。
由if引导的条件状语从句,若从句表达的是与现在事实相反的事实,则常用虚拟语气,即用过去时态表示。
此时,主句则用过去将来时。
如:If I had enough money,I would buy it for you.如果我又足够的钱,我将把它买给你。
I wouldn’t do it if I were you.如果我是你,我是不会做的。
各位读友大家好,此文档由网络收集而来,欢迎您下载,谢谢。
2018中考英语复习知识点:状语从句www.5y 状语从句状语从句由从句担任的状语,在句子中可修饰谓语(或其它动词)、形容词、副词或是整个句子,它可以用来表示时间、地点、条件、原因、结果、目的、比较、让步等。
1.时间状语从句时间状语从句常用when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,assoonas等连词来引导。
例如:Afterhefinishedmiddleschool,hewenttoworkinafactory.(他中学毕业以后去了一家工厂工作。
)在時间状语从句里,通常不用将来时态,而用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。
例如:Iwilltellhimeverythingwhenhecomesback.(当他回来的时候我会把一切都告诉他。
)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含义是“一直到……时”,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。
如果主句用否定式,其含义是“直到……才……”,“在……以前不……”,谓语动词可用瞬间动词。
例如:Let’swaituntiltherainstops.(让我们等到雨停吧。
)Don’tgetoffuntilthebusstops.(车没停稳时不要下车。
)2.地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由where,wherever来引导。
例如:wherethereisawill,thereisaway.(有志者事竟成。
)whereverhegoes,healwaysbringshispetdog.(无论他去哪,他总会带上他的宠物狗。
)3.条件状语从句条件状语从句通常由if,unless引导。
在条件状语从句里,谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。
“祈使句+and(or)+陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。
例如:whatshallwedoifitrainstomorrow?(如果明天下雨的话我们怎么办?)Iwon’tgoshoppingwithmymotherunlessIamfreetomorrow.(除非明天我有空,我才会和我妈妈一起购物。
2018中考英语知识点:从属连词状语从句各位读友大家好,此文档由网络收集而来,欢迎您下载,谢谢新一轮中考复习备考周期正式开始,中考网为各位初三考生整理了各学科的复习攻略,主要包括中考必考点、中考常考知识点、各科复习方法、考试答题技巧等内容,帮助各位考生梳理知识脉络,理清做题思路,希望各位考生可以在考试中取得优异成绩!下面是《2018中考英语知识点:从属连词状语从句》,仅供参考!从属连词状语从句一、重点知识归纳及讲解从属连词从属连词是引导状语从句,宾语从句及其他从句的连词。
1.引导状语从句的从属连词有:1)when, while, before, after, as soon as, until, since等,引导时间状语从句。
2)because, as, since等引导原因状语从句。
3)if, as long as等引导条件状语从句。
4)though, although引导让步状语从句。
5)so…that…, such…that…等引导结果状语从句。
6)so that引导目的状语从句。
7)as?as?;than等引导比较状语从句。
2.常用从属连词的辨析1)when, as, whilewhen, as, while都表示“当…的时候”,但when引导的时间状语从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时发生,也可以先后发生,when既可指时间点,也可指一段时间,所以既可引导一短暂动作动词,也可引导持续性动作的动词。
用as作从属连词引导时间状语时强调主句和从句的动作并行发生,不指先后,尤指短动作或事件同时发生。
如:As I looked, someone came 还可说咱两种正发展或变化的情况,意为“随着”。
如:As spring warms the earth, all flowers begin to bloom.表示主从句动作同时,as 意为“一边…一边…”。
如:He hurried home, looking behind as he went.while只指一段时间,从句中的谓语动词不能用终止性动词,强调某一段时间内主从句动作同时发生,常对同类的动作进行对比。
2018年中考英语语法知识点总结(名师总结教材重点,绝对精品,建议大家下载打印背诵)名词名词的种类专有名词普通名词国名、地名、人名、团体、机构名称可数名词不可数名词个体名词、集体名词抽象名词、物质名词考点1:可数名词一、基本用法(1)可数名词后可以加-s或-es构成复数形式,用于表达超过―一个‖的数的概念。
(2)只与可数名词复数连用的单词:few(几乎没有),a few(一些), many/a great many(许多)(3)既能与可数名词连用也能与不可数名词连用的单词:some, any, a lot of/lots of, plenty of。
例如:There is some/a lot of milk in the bottle.There are some/a lot of flowers in the garden.二、名词单复数规则变化规律例词①一般在词尾直接加s book—books chair—chairs②以s, x,o, sh, ch结尾的单词通常在词尾加es class—classes box—boxes brush—brushes watch—watches③以辅音字母+y结尾的词,把y改i,再加es但以元音+y结尾的词,则直接在词尾加s family—families factory—factories key—keys monkey—monkeys④以o结尾的词,有生命的名词加es但无生命名词则直接加s,如:potato—potatoes tomato—tomatoes hero—heroes radio—radios zoo—zoos⑤以f或fe结尾的词,改f或fe为v 加es leaf—leaves thief—thieves三、名词复数的不规则变化规律例词①变中间的元音字母man—men,woman—women,foot—feet,tooth—teeth, child—children, mouse—mice②表示―某国人‖的名词单复变化(记忆口决:中日不变英法变,其余s 加后面。
2018中考英语定语从句与状语从句知识点总结新一轮中考复习备考周期正式开始,为各位初三考生整理了各学科的复习攻略,主要包括中考必考点、中考常考知识点、各科复习方法、考试答题技巧等内容,帮助各位考生梳理知识脉络,理清做题思路,希望各位考生可以在考试中取得优异成绩!
定语从句与状语从句
定语从句的前面有名词作先行词,而状语从句没有先行词。
1. It is the place where we used to live years ago. 这是我们过去惯常住的地方。
(定语从句,先行词为the place)
2. Lets go where we can find a better job. 我们到能找到更好工作的地方去吧。
(地点状语从句)。
2018中考英语知识点:宾语从句引导词新一轮中考复习备考周期正式开始,为各位初三考生整理了各学科的复习攻略,主要包括中考必考点、中考常考知识点、各科复习方法、考试答题技巧等内容,帮助各位考生梳理知识脉络,理清做题思路,希望各位考生可以在考试中取得优异成绩!
宾语从句引导词
1.从句为陈述句,常选择引导词that,that引导宾语从句无意义,不充当句子成分常省略。
例句:He told us (that)they would help us through the whole work.
2.从句为一般疑问句,常选择引导词if或whether,表示是否。
在whether or not 结构中不能用if 替换。
例句:I dont know if there will be a bus any more.
3. 从句为特殊疑问句,常选择what,when,where,which,
who,how等的疑问代词、副词作引导词。
例句:He didnt tell me when we should meet again.。
中考英语考点之 时间状语从句考点三十八时间状语从句1. 引导时间状语从句的连词2. when,while,as引导时间状语从句的区别when,while,as显然都可以引导时间状语从句,但用法区别非常大。
①when可以和延续性动词连用,也可以和短暂性动词连用;而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。
Why do you want a new job when you’ve got such a good one already?你已经找到如此好的工作,为何还想再找新的?(get为短暂性动词)Sorry, I was out when you called me.对不起,你打电话时我刚好外出了。
(call为短暂性动词)Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。
(is为延续性动词,表示一种持续的状态)The students took notes as they listened.学生们边听课边做笔记。
(listen为延续性动词)②when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生;while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。
a. 从句动作在主句动作前发生,只用when。
When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest. (finished先发生)当他完成作业后,他休息了一会儿。
When I got to the airport, the guests had left. (got to后发生)当我赶到飞机场时,客人们已经离开了。
b. 从句动作和主句动作同时发生,且从句动作为延续性动词时,when,while,as都可使用。
①When / While / As we were dancing, a stranger came in. (dance为延续性动词)当我们跳舞时,一位陌生人走了进来。
2018中考英语语法必考知识点总结句子成分:主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语1、主语:(1)由名词、代词(人称代词用主格)、动词不定式、动名词等充当,说明动作是“谁”发出的。
如:The painter painted a very nice picture. (画家画了一幅漂亮的画。
) / They fought against SARS bravely. (他们勇敢地与非典搏斗。
) / To see is tobelieve. (耳听为虚眼见为实). / Helping animals is to help people. (帮助动物就是帮助人类。
)(2)动词不定式或动名词做主语时可用it代替,而不定式或动名词移至表语或宾语之后。
如:It is very comfortable to have a Class A seat during the long journey.(在长途旅行中能有个甲等座位简直太舒服了。
) / Eating too much is bad foryour health.(=It is bad for your health eating too much.) (吃得太多对你的身体不利。
)(3)口语中常见主语或“主--系”省略:(It is) nothing. ((那)没有什么。
)/ (It)doesn’t matter. ((那)没有关系。
) / (I) thank you. ((我)谢谢你。
)(4)反意问句的附加问句,主语必须是代词:The man looks worried,doesn’t he? (这个人看上去很着急不是吗?) / Tigers are dangerous animals, aren’t they? (老虎是危险的动物不是吗?)(5)祈使句一般省略主语。
加主语时往往用来指定某个人。
Keep the keyboards clean,children. (孩子们请保持键盘的清洁。
2018中考英语核心语法:6大词性、8大时态、3大从句,一篇全搞定!语法知识是在掌握一定量的单词和短语的基础上才能获得的。
因此,单词的形态变化是语法学习的基础之基础。
而八种基本时态和含有不复杂的状语从句、定语从句及宾语从句的复合句是初中生学习的重点也是语法学习的难点。
总之,语法部分是英语学习的重点和难点。
语法知识掌握得好,将大大加快英语学习的进程。
本文归纳了六大词性、八种基本时态以及初中生需要掌握三种基本从句。
希望对广大中学生们有所帮助。
一. 词法1. 名词(1)名词的可数与不可数可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量,它有单数与复数两种形式。
不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。
物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目,来统计,都成为不可数名词。
不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量,没有复数形式。
要表示“一个……”这一概念,就须加a piece of这一类短语。
要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词,在英语里却不可数。
如:chalk,paper,bread,rice,grass,news等。
(2)名词复数的规则变化A.一般情况下加-s。
B.以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾的加-esC.以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-esD.以f,fe结尾的,去掉f或fe,变成v再加-es(3)名词的所有格A. 单数名词词尾加’s,复数名词词尾若没有s,也要加’s。
如:the worker's bike,the Children’s ballB. 表示几个人共有一样东西,只需在最后一个人的名字后加’s若表示各自所有,则需在各个名字后’s。
如:This is Lucy and Licy’s room.These are Kate's and jack’s rooms.C. 如果是通过在词尾加—s构成的复数形式的名词,只加’。
如:the students’books,the girls’blouses(另外:名词+of+名词名词是有生命的,我们就用’s结构来表示所有关系。
2018中考英语复习知识点:定语从句定语从句在复合句中,修饰某个名词或代词的句子(做这个名词或代词的定语)叫定语从句,定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面,被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词,它与定语从句之间要有一个词连接,这个词指代先行词的内容叫做关系词。
先行词在定语从句中一般充当主语,宾语,时间、地点、原因状语等。
1.关系代词who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语;whose用来指人或物,只用作定语。
若指物,它还可以同ofwhich互换;which,that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
例如:Heisthemanwhohelpedusoutoftroubletwodaysago.(他就是那位两天前帮了我们的男士。
)whereisthepenthat/whichwassentbymyuncle?(我叔叔送给我的钢笔在哪儿?)Thefilmstarwhomwelikewillcometothecitynextweek.(我们喜欢的那个电影明星下周会来到這个城市。
)注意:(1)以下情况关系代词只能用that,不能用which:①先行词为不定代词:all,little,none,any,every,no,much,anything,nothing等;②先行词有最高级和序数词修饰时(包括:theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,thenext等);③先行词既有人又有物时。
(2)以下情况关系代词只能用which,不能用that:①关系代词表示整个主句的内容时,例如:Themoonmovesaroundtheearth,which/asweallknow.(众所周知,月亮围着地球转。
)②介词+关系代词的结构中,例如:Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.(他曾就读过的学校非常有名。
从句(宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句)(2017南通4)It is known to all that the day becomes shorter and shorter winter comes.A. beforeB. whenC. untilD. since【答案】B【考点】考查状语从句。
【解析】句意:众所周知,当冬天到来时,白天变得越来越短。
before“在……之前”;when“当……时候”;until“直到……为止”;since“既然;由于”。
结合句意,故选B。
(2017南通中考14)—There will be a concert this evening. But I don’t know .—By underground. It takes less time.A. where it will be heldB. how can I goC. where will it be heldD. how I can go【答案】D【考点】考查宾语从句。
【解析】句意:-今晚有一场音乐会,但是我不知道该怎么去。
-乘地铁,那会快一点儿。
宾语从句要用陈述句语序,先排除B、C两项。
由第二句“by underground”可知回答的是以何种方式到达,故选D。
(2017苏州中考8)You will never achieve success ____ you devote yourself to your work.A. afterB. ifC. becauseD. unless【考点】状语从句【分析】除非你把自己献身于你的工作,否则你将永远不会成功.【解答】正确答案:D. A是在…之后,B是如果,引导条件状语从句,C是因为,引导原因状语从句,D是除非,如果不,也引导条件状语从句. 根据题干可知除非你把自己献身于事业,否则你将永远不会成功,故选择 D. achieve表示实现,devote onself to表示把某人自己献身于….(2017无锡中考6)-I’ve just received a Wechat message ---ttyl.Do you know ?-It stands for “talk to you later”.A.How does it meanB.How it meansC.What does it meanD.What it means【考点】宾语从句【答案】D解析:考察宾语从句,根据句意你知道它是什么意思吗,引导词应用what,语序要用陈述句的语序,故选D。
外研版 2018 年英语中考归纳复习专题:连词与从句【连词】用来连接词与词、短语与短语,以及句子与句子的词叫连词。
连词属于虚词,在句中不能单独使用。
连词按其性质可分为两类:并列连词和从属连词。
从属连词主要用来引导宾语从句和状语从句。
1.并列连词并列连词是指用来连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子的连词(如and,but,or,so 等),可表示并列、顺承、转折、选择、因果等关系。
常见并列连词(短语)用法如下:连词关(短意义例句说明系语)表并列,并and 前后列She is kind and patient. 她既友好又有耐的词意义and和;又心。
相近,否关定句中用系or。
both...and...neither...并列nor...关系not only...but also 然后那么两者都既不⋯⋯也不⋯⋯不但⋯⋯He came in and took off his coat.他来表示作然后脱掉外套。
先后。
祈使句Be careful ,+and+ and you will make fewer mistakes.心述句(表点,你就会少犯。
果)。
接并列主,Both Linda and Amy like reading.琳达和埃米都喜。
用复数形式。
接并Mr.Gao neither drinks nor smokes.高先生列主既不喝酒也不抽烟。
,的形式遵循“就近Not only he but also I am excited about th原”。
e news. 不但他而且我也个消息感到。
...而且⋯⋯but但是折关然而系while不能与The man is poor ,but he is happy. 个人(al)thou 很,但他很快。
gh 同使用。
I like red while she likes blue.我喜色而她喜色。
比关系。
or 或者否Who is taller,Sam or John?更高,姆表示是翰?。
2018中考英语时间状语从句知识点总结新一轮中考复习备考周期正式开始,为各位初三考生整理了各学科的复习攻略,主要包括中考必考点、中考常考知识点、各科复习方法、考试答题技巧等内容,帮助各位考生梳理知识脉络,理清做题思路,希望各位考生可以在考试中取得优异成绩!
时间状语从句
时间状语从句常用从属连词when,after,until,as soon as,等来引导。
当主句是祈使句或谓语动词是一般将来时态或情态动词时,其时间状语从句中的谓语动词常用一般现在时态表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。
这就是我们常说的主将从现。
如:Please call me when you get there.当你到那时,请给我打个电话。
复合句的概念:由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。
宾语从句一.概念:在句中起到宾语的作用。
二.宾语从句在句中的位置:(1)作动词的宾语:例:I heard that he joined the army. She did not know what had happened.(2) 作形容词的宾语例:I am afraid that I have made a mistake.(3) 作介词的宾语例:Our success depends on how well we can cooperate with one another.三.常见考点分析:(一).连接词:1.引导陈述句用that(在口语或非正式文体中常常省略)。
2.引导一般疑问句用if或whether。
注意:下列几种情况通常使用whether:(1).在具有选择意义又有or或or not时,尤其是直接与or not 连用时,往往用whether;例:I don’t know whether he will come back or not.(2).在介词之后用whether;例:They are talking about whether he will win the game.Everything depends on whether you agree with us.3.引导特殊疑问句,只需用原来的特殊疑问词。
(二). 语序:尤其要注意,宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序:即主语一定在谓语前面。
尤其要注意whether, if以及wh-(what, why…)疑问词引导的宾语从句的语序。
例:She wants to know whether I like the film.Do you know why winter is colder than summer?(三). 时态:1.主句中谓语动词是现在或将来时态时,从句中主语不受主句位于时态的影响。
例:She says that she will leave a message on his desk.She says that sh has never been to Beijing.2.当主句谓语动词是过去时态时,从句中的时态一般为表示过去的某种时态(如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去将来时)例:He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.He said he was going to take care of the baby.3.主句谓语动词是过去时态,宾语从句叙述某一客观真理时,宾语从句用一般现在时。
例:She said that her father is twenty-eight years older than her.The teacher told us that light travels much fasterthan sound.(四). 否定转移:当宾语从句表示否定的意义时,若主句主语为第一人称且谓语动词是think / believe / suppose / expect等时,应在主句上加以否定。
例:I don’t think you are right.I don’t believe that he has finished his work. (五). 注意if或when引导的宾语从句和状语从句的不同。
if / when引导宾语从句时,意思分别为“是否”和“何时”,此时它们的时态根据具体情况而定。
if和when引导状语从句时,意思分别为“如果”和“当……的时候”,此时如果主句是一般将来时,从句部分则用一般现在时。
例:We are not sure if it will snow tomorrow. If it snows, we won’t climb the South Hill.状语从句一.概念和分类:用来修饰主句中的动词,副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。
分类:时间状语从句,地点状语从句,原因状语从句,目的状语从句,结果状语从句,条件状语从句,方式状语从句,让步状语从句和比较状语从句。
(一). 时间状语从句:引导时间状语从句的词有:when, as, while, after, before, since, assoon as, ever since, till, until, once, whenever, no sooner …than…, hardly…when…, the moment, every time, each time, next time, directly, immediately, by the time等1.When引导的状语从句和While引导的状语从句的区别:When 既可以引导一个持续性动作也可以引导一个短暂性动作。
While 只能引导持续性动作。
例:When引导的从句I was thin when I was a child.The film had been on when we arrived.While引导的从句My Mom was cooking while I was doing my homework.2.Before引导的时间状语从句(1)before引导的从句位于主句之前,一般翻译成在…之前。
例:Before they got to the bus stop, the bus had gone.(2)before引导的从句位于主句之后,一般翻译成…(之后)才。
如果在主句中用将来时,从句要用一般时替代将来时。
例:It will be half a year before I come back.He said that it would be half a year before he came back. 3.Until引导的时间状语从句。
(1)延续性动词+until表示直到…为止。
例:You may stay here until the rain stopsHe waited until his friends came.(2)终止性动词或者延续性动词的否定式+until表示直到…才例:He didn’t go to bed until he had finished his work.They didn’t reach the village until it was dark.(3)not until放在句时,主句要用倒装语序例:Not until he graduated did he succeed in obtaining the compound.(直到毕业他才成功获得这种化合物)4.表示一…就…的句型。
As soon as ,once, immediately, the moment,这类从句中经常用一般时态替代将来时态(从句的时态)例:I will tell him as soon as he arrives.Once you study hard, you’ll pass the exam.The moment he comes, I will let you know.5.As的用法主要考点:(1)一边。
一边。
例:He hurried home, looking behind as he went.Tom sings as he works.(2)强调两个动作紧接着发生、例:As he was going out ,it began to rain.(二)地点状语从句由where ,wherever引导。
Where引导定语从句和状语从句的区别:引导定语从句时,从句前应该有一个表示地点的名词作先行词,而状语从句前则没有。
例:1. Go back where you came from.(状语从句)2.Go back to the village where you came from.(定语从句)(三)原因状语从句引导词:because, since, as, now that(既然),considering that(考虑到)because表示直接原因,语气最强。
Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。
回答由why提出的问题,只能用because。
As和since语气较弱,一般用来表示明显的原因。
由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。
例:(1)------Why did you do it?------I did it because I wanted to do it.(2)Since I must die I must do it.(3)As he has no car, he can’t get there easily.(四)目的状语从句引导词:so that(为了,以便),so(以便),in order that(以便,这样…就),in case(以防)目的状语从句的谓语经常含有may, might, can ,could, will, would等情态动词。
例:(1)Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句)(2)Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest (结果状语从句)(五)结果状语从句引导词:so(结果),so that(结果),so…that…(如此…以至于),such…that(如此…以至于)注意so…that…与such…that…的区别So+adj/adv+that 从句such+(a,an)名词+that 从句例:(1)The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it.(2)She is so beautiful a girl that all of us like her.(3)She is such a good girl that she can help you.(六)条件状语从句两种情况:1. 祈使句+and/or/or else/otherwise引导的结果句。
例:Hurry up, or else/otherwise you’ll be late.Do that at once, or else I’ll make you do it.引导词:if ,unless(除非,如果不),so long as(只要), if only(只要),provided that或providing(that)(假如)1. 条件状语从句中,如果主句是一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。