动词不定式作宾语
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动词不定式作宾语补足语的用法动词不定式是英语语法中的一种形式,它通常由“to”加上动词原形构成。
在英语句子中,动词不定式可以作为宾语的补足语,以完善或说明动词的含义。
在本文中,我们将探讨动词不定式作为宾语补足语的用法,并提供一些示例来帮助读者更好地理解。
一、动词不定式作宾语补足语的基本用法动词不定式作为宾语补足语,通常用于以下情况:1. 动词不定式作为及物动词的宾语补足语:例如:- She wants to learn how to play the guitar.(她想学习弹吉他。
)- He expects me to finish the report by tomorrow.(他期望我明天之前完成这份报告。
)2. 动词不定式作为使役动词的宾语补足语:例如:- My boss made me stay late to finish the project.(我的老板让我加班完成这个项目。
)- They had their car repaired at the garage.(他们把车拖到修车行修理了。
)3. 动词不定式作为感官动词的宾语补足语:例如:- I heard him sing at the concert.(我听到他在音乐会上唱歌。
)- She watched the children play in the park.(她看着孩子们在公园里玩耍。
)4. 动词不定式作为介词的宾语补足语:例如:- I am looking forward to seeing you tomorrow.(我期待明天见到你。
)- He is interested in learning Chinese culture.(他对学习中国文化感兴趣。
)二、动词不定式作宾语补足语的注意事项在使用动词不定式作为宾语补足语时,需注意以下几个方面:1. 动词不定式的位置:动词不定式通常置于及物动词之后作宾语补足语,或置于使役动词、感官动词、介词之后作宾语补足语。
动词不定式作宾语例句20个带to的不定式作宾补a.可以用带to的不定式作宾补的动词常用的有ask,tell,order,invite,beg,get,allow,wish,want,encourage,advise,warn等。
例如: The teacher asked us to finish our homework.老师叫我们完成家庭作业。
She wanted him to sing for her friends.她想让他为她的朋友唱歌。
The policeman told the boys not to play in the street.警察告诉孩子们别在街上玩耍。
b.在动词think,believe,know,find,understand,take等之后,作宾补的不定式多由“to be +adj.”构成。
例如:They find the Chinese people to be happy and cheerful.他们发现中国人都很幸福快乐。
He believed the earth to be a globe.他相信大地是个球体。
c.在某些短语后也可跟带to的不定式作宾补。
这类动词短语常见的有:wait for,call on,depend on,care for,long for等。
例如:The crocodile waited for the monkey to come down again.鳄鱼等着猴子再下来。
The chairman called on Mr Brown to speak.主席请布朗先生讲话。
I shouldn't care for that man to be my doctor.我不要那人给我看病。
不定式是非谓语动词的其中一种,原型是to do ,根据各种时态变化形式不定式作宾补应注意的事项能跟不定式作宾补的动词很多,如:see, have, advise, expect, get,invite, consider, find, prefer, feel, ask, for, call on, wait for…等等。
动词不定式作宾语归纳-标准化文件发布号:(9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII要点1 只接不定式作宾语的动词Afford , agree, ask, attempt, beg, choose, decide, demand, determine, expect, fail, happen,hope, long, wish, manage, offer, pretend, prepare, promise refuse, struggle, want等。
语法填空:1、I am out of work so I cannot afford _________(live) in this big flat.2、He failed ________ (pass) the test, but he refused ________ (give up).3、The man often pretends_______ (be) a rich man.要点2 与doing 有区别 doing: 已经发生A、Remember / forget; stop / go on; regretto do: 没有发生语法填空:1、I remember _______ (call) you a week ago, but I forgot _________ (tell) you the news then.2、After work, he didn’t stop ________ (have) a rest, and went on ________ (have) an eveningclass.Doing: 尝试着做……; doing: 意味着……;B、try meanto do: 尽力做……; to do: 打算做……;语法填空:Going to college doesn’t mean ________ (find) a good job after graduation, so I mean ________(learn) some practical skills in my spare time.Doing: 忍不住……; doing: 习惯……C、can’t help be used toto do: 不能帮助做……; do:被用来做……语法填空:1、When the man couldn’t help _______ (save) the drowning child, he couldn’t help ______(cry).2、The young man is used to _______ (rise) late, so he can’t be used to _______ (lead) the team. To do : 需要/ 想 / 请求做……;D、n eed / want / requiredoing (to be done): 需要 / 想 / 请求被……;语法填空:I want ______ (ask) for a leave this afternoon because my hair needs _______ (cut).要点3 可用形式宾语it来代替不定式在make / think / feel / consider / find 等动词后作宾语并且其后有名词或形容词作补语时,常用it作形式宾语。
动词不定式作宾语★动词不定式就是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to+动词原形”,其中to不就是介词,而就是动词不定式的符号,称为小品词,动词不定式没有人称与数的变化。
动词不定式与其后面的名词等构成动词不定式短语,在句子中可以作主语、表语、补足语、定语、状语等。
今天我们重点学习后接动词不定式作宾语的常见动词。
1.动词+ 不定式Want hope decide agree choose would like plan fail上列动词只能用动词不定式作宾语举例:The driver failed to see the other car in time、司机没能及时瞧见另一辆车。
I happen to know the answer to your question、我碰巧知道您那道问题的答案。
I decided to go to the countryside on vacation、我决定去农村度假。
2.动词+疑问词+不定式Know ask show teach think guess find out understand上列动词或短语后可用疑问词加动词不定式短语结构举例:Please teach me how to play the piano、请教我怎么弹钢琴。
I must think what to do next、我必须考虑下一步做什么。
3.动词+不定式∕动名词Like love begin start上列动词后既可以接动词不定式也可以接动名词形式,意义上差别不大举例:I like singing, but I don’t like to sing now、我喜欢唱歌,但就是我现在不想唱歌。
Stop forget remember try上列动词后面既可以接不定式也可以接动名词,但就是意义上有差别Stop to do sth 表示停下来做某事Stop doing sth 表示停止做某事I’m tired、Let’s stop to have a rest、我累了,让我们停下来休息一下It’s time for class、Stop talking、到上课的时间了,别说话了Forget to do sth 忘记做某事Forget doing sth 忘记做过某事Don’t forget to close the door不要忘记关门I forgot telling you that before、我忘记以前告诉过您这件事了Remember to do sth 记住做某事Remember doing sth 记住做过某事了We must remember to turn off the TV、我们一定要记住关上电视I remembered sending you some letters、我记得给您寄了信了Try to do sth 设法做某事(下了点决心)还没做Try doing sth 尝试做某事(只就是试试瞧)I must try to make a cake、I tried to making a cake but failed、4.动词+it+形容词+动词不定式Find think feel上列动词后+it+形容词+动词不定式,其中it为形式宾语,动词不定式为真正的宾语举例:I find it difficult to learn English、我发现学习英语很难练习题用所给词的适当形式填空1.We have planned ___________(make) a school radio program、2.Do you know when_________ (start) the party?3.I find it very interesting ___________(talk) with foreigners、4.She’s thinking about __________(make)a phone call to her parents、5.What bad weather ! I hate ____________(go ) out on cloudy days、6.Do you really enjoy _________(play) the violin every day、7.My parents asked me _________(do) my homework on time、8.I’m really sorry 、I forgot __________(close) the door before I left、9.I didn’t want my parents ___________(worry) about me , but I’m afraid _________(stay)athome alone、10.I hate to hear people __________(talk) loudly in public、11.Betty , we need __________(make) a plan、12.Please remember ______________(post) the letter for the old man、13.Stop ___________(chat), everyone、Our English teacher is coming、14.He hates__________(cook) meals 、He enjoys ___________(have)lunch in the restaurant、15.It started__________(rain) when we were walking in the street last Sunday、。
不定式做宾语、补足语。
不定式在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。
在这一句型中,宾语是动词不定式的逻辑主语。
1.再表示感觉的动词后面作宾语补足语,并且不定式都不带to.这一类动词有:see, hear, feel, watch, notice, observe, look at, listen to,等。
I here them sing yesterday.昨天我听见他们唱歌了。
Did you see him go out?你看见他们出去了吗。
I felt something crawl up my leg.我感到有什么东西爬道我腿上了。
2.在使役动词后作宾语补足语,不定式不带to.这一类动词有:make, let, have等。
转为被动语态时,其后通常都用带to的不定式(have没有被动语态)What would you have me do?你要我做什么?She made him give up smoking.她让他戒烟了。
Let him do whatever he whishes to do.他想干什么就让他干吧。
3.在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。
这类动词有:consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge,suppose, prove 等。
这类动词后的不定式通常是“to be+形容词或名词”结构,think,consider,find后的to be常可省略。
We consider him (to be) a good teacher.我们认为他是一个好老师。
He proved that theory (to be) very important.他证明那个理论是很重要的。
I thought her (to be) nice and honest the first time I met her.我第一次见到她的时候就认为她人很好,很诚实。
动词不定式和动名词作主语和宾语的用法动词不定式和动名词都可以作为句子的主语和宾语。
它们通常可以表示某个动作或状态,并且在句子中起着名词的作用。
下面将分别介绍动词不定式和动名词作主语和宾语的用法。
1. 动词不定式作主语和宾语动词不定式是由动词原形加上"to"构成的结构,常常可以作为主语和宾语。
动词不定式作主语时,常常表示一个具体的行为或动作,可以引出句子的主要内容。
例如:"To travel around the world" is my dream.("环游世界"是我的梦想)动词不定式作主语时,常常放在句子的开头或者结尾,有时也可能会出现在句子的中间。
动词不定式还可以表示时间、原因、目的、结果等。
例如:To finish the work early is important.(早点完成工作是很重要的)I went to the shop to buy some food.(我去商店是为了买一些食物)动词不定式也可以作为句子的宾语。
在这种情况下,动词不定式通常紧跟在及物动词后面,充当动词的宾语。
例如:She likes to listen to music.(她喜欢听音乐)常见的及物动词后跟不定式的有:like, want, hope, expect, need, plan, promise, decide等。
例如:I want to visit London next year.(我想明年去伦敦)She decided to study abroad.(她决定出国留学)He promised to help me with my homework.(他答应帮我做作业)。
费加罗 刘亦菲不定式在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。
在这一句型中,宾语是动词不定式的逻辑主语。
1.在表示感觉的动词后面作宾语补足语,并且不定式都不带to.(被动语态里要带to)这一类动词有:see, hear, feel, watch, notice, observe, look at, listen to,等。
I here them sing yesterday. 昨天我听见他们唱歌了。
Did you see him go out? 你看见他们出去了吗。
I felt something crawl up my leg. 我感到有什么东西爬道我腿上了。
2.在使役动词后作宾语补足语,不定式不带to这一类动词有:make, let,have等。
转为被动语态时,其后通常都用带to的不定式(have没有被动语态)What would you have me do? 你要我做什么?She made him give up smoking.她让他戒烟了。
Let him do whatever he whishes to do.他想干什么就让他干吧。
3.在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。
这类动词有:consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove 等。
这类动词后的不定式通常是“to be+形容词或名词” 结构,think,consider,find后的to be常可省略。
We consider him (to be) a good teacher.我们认为他是一个好老师。
He proved that theory (to be) very important.他证明那个理论是很重要的。
I thought her (to be) nice and honest the first time I mether.我第一次见到她的时候就认为她人很好,很诚实。
不定式与动名词作宾语的区别
1.动词不定式作宾语的时候,宾语的动作时间与谓语动作时间大多数情况下不是同一个时间,谓语时间一般在宾语时间之前;只有少数场合下谓语和宾语的时间是同一个时间。
此外,动词不定式作宾语突出动作性和动作的一次性。
例如:
He wants to go now.
他现在想走。
(want发生在go之前)
Would you like to have a cup of coffee?
你想来杯咖啡吗?
(like发生在havea cup of coffee之前,并且havea cup of coffee是一次性的)
We like to play chess.
我们喜欢下象棋。
(play chess在这里是指经常性的活动,而非一次性的活动)
2.动名词作宾语的时候,宾语动作的时间和谓语动作的时间是同步的,同时发生或者同时结束。
动名词还突出动作的经常性。
例如:
他已经完成写作。
√He has finished writing.
(finished和writing是同时结束的)
×He has finished to write.
(towrite发生在finished后面,这个讲不通) 许多男生喜欢唱歌。
√Many boys enjoy singing.
(enjoy和singing是同时发生的)
×Many boys enjoy to sing.
(enjoy发生在sing前面,这个不符合实际) 男生保持享受1分钟。
√The boy kept smiling for one minute.。
一.动词不定式作宾语补足语1.because i t allows people to get closer to them. 因为它允许你们更近距离的接触它们。
Allow是动词,people 是宾语to get closer to them 作宾语people的补足语2.the world wide fund for nature chose the panda to be itssymbol. 世界自然基金会选择了大熊猫作为其标志。
Choose----chose 是动词,the panda 是宾语to be its symbol 作宾语补足语3.ask sb to do sth 让某人做某事tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事help sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事4.tell sb not do sth 告诉某人不要做某事my teacher tellsus not to make too much noise. 我的老师告诉我们不要弄出太大声音。
My friend invites me to his home. 我的朋友邀请我去他的家里。
5.help/let/make sb do sth 帮助某人做某事/让某人做某事his words makes everyone laugh. 他的话让每个人都笑了she helps me do my homework. 她帮助我做作业二.动词不定式作目的状语:做某事是为了什么.1.the wwf is working hard to save them all. 世界自然基金会正在努力挽救所有的动物。
To save them all 是目的状语2.dylan trained hard to improve his basketball skills. 迪伦刻苦训练一提高自己的篮球技能。
动词不定式作宾语
★动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to+动词原形”,其中to不是介词,而是动词不定式的符号,称为小品词,动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。
动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成动词不定式短语,在句子中可以作主语、表语、补足语、定语、状语等。
今天我们重点学习后接动词不定式作宾语的常见动词。
1.动词+ 不定式
Want hope decide agree choose would like plan fail
上列动词只能用动词不定式作宾语
—
举例:
The driver failed to see the other car in time.
司机没能及时看见另一辆车。
I happen to know the answer to your question.
我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。
I decided to go to the countryside on vacation.
我决定去农村度假。
2.动词+疑问词+不定式
$
Know ask show teach think guess find out understand
上列动词或短语后可用疑问词加动词不定式短语结构
举例:
Please teach me how to play the piano.
请教我怎么弹钢琴。
I must think what to do next.
我必须考虑下一步做什么。
3.~
4.动词+不定式∕动名词
Like love begin start
上列动词后既可以接动词不定式也可以接动名词形式,意义上差别不大
举例:
I like singing, but I don’t like to sing now.
我喜欢唱歌,但是我现在不想唱歌。
Stop forget remember try
—
上列动词后面既可以接不定式也可以接动名词,但是意义上有差别
Stop to do sth 表示停下来做某事
Stop doing sth 表示停止做某事
I’m tired. Let’s stop to have a rest.
我累了,让我们停下来休息一下
It’s time for class. Stop talking.
到上课的时间了,别说话了
》
Forget to do sth 忘记做某事
Forget doing sth 忘记做过某事
Don’t forget to close the door
不要忘记关门
I forgot telling you that before.
我忘记以前告诉过你这件事了
Remember to do sth 记住做某事
》
Remember doing sth 记住做过某事了
We must remember to turn off the TV.
我们一定要记住关上电视
I remembered sending you some letters.
我记得给你寄了信了
Try to do sth 设法做某事(下了点决心)还没做
Try doing sth 尝试做某事(只是试试看)
%
I must try to make a cake.
I tried to making a cake but failed.
5.动词+it+形容词+动词不定式
Find think feel
上列动词后+it+形容词+动词不定式,其中it为形式宾语,动词不定式为真正的宾语
举例:
?
I find it difficult to learn English.
我发现学习英语很难
练习题
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.We have planned ___________(make) a school radio program.
2.Do you know when_________ (start) the party
3.I find it very interesting ___________(talk) with foreigners.
4.She’s thinking about __________(make)a phone call to her parents.
5.What bad weather ! I hate ____________(go ) out on cloudy days.
6.\
7.Do you really enjoy _________(play) the violin every day.
8.My parents asked me _________(do) my homework on time.
9.I’m really sorry . I forgot __________(close) the door before I left.
10.I didn’t want my parents ___________(worry) about me , but I’m afraid _________(stay)at
home alone.
11.I hate to hear people __________(talk) loudly in public.
12.Betty , we need __________(make) a plan.
13.Please remember ______________(post) the letter for the old man.
14.Stop ___________(chat), everyone. Our English teacher is coming.
15.He hates__________(cook) meals . He enjoys ___________(have)lunch in the restaurant.
16.It started__________(rain) when we were walking in the street last Sunday.。