基于DSP光伏并网逆变器的硬件电路设计毕业设计

基于DSP的光伏并网逆变器的设计蒲鹏鹏;刘广思【期刊名称】《电子质量》【年(卷),期】2009(000)007【摘要】Grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system is the development trend of photovoltaic systems. According to the grid-connected PV system characteristics, this paper presents the design of a photovoltaic grid-connected inverter based on the digital signal processor TMS320F2407. The paper analyzes the constitute and control principle of the system and designs the software flow chart of MPPT(Maximum Power Point Tracking) algorithm and the phase lock loop, The experimental results show the grid-connected current wave achieves our need. The wave of grid-connected current has the same frequency and phase as the utility voltage. The power factor of grid-connected has reached to nearly 1.%光伏并网发电系统是光伏系统发展的趋势,文章根据光伏并网发电系统的特点,设计了一套基于数字信号处理器TMS320F2407控制的单相光伏并网逆变器.分析了系统的结构和控制原理,设计了最大功率点跟踪算法和锁相环的软件设计流程图.实验结果表明并网电流波形良好,逆变器输出的电流基本与电网电压同频同相,并网的功率因数近似为1.【总页数】4页(P20-23)【作者】蒲鹏鹏;刘广思【作者单位】河南理工大学电气工程与自动化学院,河南,焦作,454000;河南理工大学电气工程与自动化学院,河南,焦作,454000【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TN602【相关文献】1.基于DSP的1kW光伏并网逆变器设计 [J], 焦静静;康明才;张兰红2.基于DSP的3 kW单相光伏并网逆变器设计 [J], 曾杨杨;陈宇晨;李正明3.基于DSP的智能光伏并网逆变器控制电路设计 [J], 蒋晓明;赵基建;刘晓光;曾德志4.基于DSP的两级式光伏并网逆变器的设计 [J], 王小亮;王勉华;景凯凯;王瑞5.基于DSP的大功率光伏并网逆变器的设计研究 [J], 于虹;陈守信;王建军;李文清;因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。

本科生毕业设计说明书（毕业论文）题目：基于DSP的光伏并网逆变器硬件电路的设计学生姓名：学号：专业：电气工程及其自动化班级：指导教师：基于DSP的光伏并网逆变器硬件电路的设计摘要由于近年来不可再生能源的不断消耗，能源危机日益凸显，各国都在加紧开发新能源。

太阳能发电作为一种全新的电能生产方式，具有清洁无污染、来源永不衰竭且维护措施简单等特点，因而受到越来越广泛的关注。

本文针对太阳能应用的一个重要研究领域——光伏发电系统，尤其是小功率光伏并网发电系统，设计实现了基于DSP控制的单相光伏并网逆变器的硬件电路。

论文首先介绍了太阳能光伏并网的国内外发展现状，阐述了利用DSP控制光伏并网系统的基本原理。

然后提出了以逆变器DC/AC变换技术为核心的单相光伏并网逆变器的硬件电路设计方案，并在Matlab软件上进行了仿真测试。

最后对后续研究工作进行了展望，为进一步制作电路板及其调试提供了参考。

关键词：光伏并网；逆变器；数字信号处理器；Matlab仿真PV Grid-Connected Inverter Hardware Circuit Design Based on DSPAbstractIn recent years, with the continuous consumption of non-renewable energy, the energy crisis has become increasingly prominent, countries are stepping up the pace to develop new energy. Solar power, as a new energy production methods, owns many features, such as, clean, non-polluting, never failure of source and simple maintenance measures, and thus draws more and more attention. In this paper, as for an important research field of solar energy applications-photovoltaic systems, especially low-power photovoltaic power generation system, the hardware circuit of the DSP-based control of single phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter is designed and implemented.The paper firstly described the development of solar photovoltaic grid in the world, and explained the basic principles of DSP controlled photovoltaic grid system. Then objective of the single-phase PV grid inverter with the core of DC / AC conversion technology inverter hardware circuit is designed and its simulation tests on the Matlab software is proceeded. Finally, the prospect of follow-up study provides a reference for the further production of circuit boards and their debugging.Key words: grid-connected photovoltaic; inverter; DSP; Matlab simulation目录摘要 (I)Abstract (II)第一章绪论 (1)1.1 课题研究的背景、目的和意义 (1)1.2 国内外研究的现状 (1)1.2.1 国内研究的现状 (2)1.2.2 国外研究的现状 (2)1.3 本课题研究的主要内容 (3)第二章太阳能光伏并网的研究 (4)2.1 光伏并网逆变器的拓扑结构设计 (4)2.1.1 按变压器拓扑结构分类 (4)2.1.2 按功率变换级数分类 (6)2.1.3 按控制方式分类 (7)2.2 光伏并网控制策略基本原理 (10)2.2.1 光伏并网逆变器的控制方式 (10)2.2.2 光伏并网逆变器的控制目标 (10)2.2.3 输出电流控制方式 (11)2.2.4 最大功率点跟踪 (12)2.3 孤岛效应 (14)2.3.1 孤岛效应的影响和危害 (14)2.3.2 孤岛效应的检测方法 (15)第三章基于DSP的并网逆变器硬件电路的设计 (16)3.1 并网逆变器总体结构 (16)3.2 基于DSP的控制系统硬件设计 (16)3.2.1 DSP概述 (17)3.2.2 DSP系统硬件电路设计 (18)3.3 采样和调理保护电路设计 (24)3.4 主电路设计与关键参数选择 (28)3.4.1 Boost电路设计与参数选择 (28)3.4.2 逆变器电路设计与参数选择 (31)第四章光伏并网逆变器仿真测试 (35)4.1 Boost升压电路仿真测试 (35)4.1.1 Matlab搭建电路图 (35)4.1.2 仿真波形和分析 (35)4.2 逆变器电路仿真测试 (36)4.2.1 Matlab搭建电路图 (37)4.2.2 仿真波形和分析 (37)第五章总结和展望 (39)5.1 工作总结 (39)5.2 展望 (39)参考文献 (41)附录 (42)附录A DSP控制电路PCB板 (42)附录B 3D模式的控制电路PCB板 (42)附录C 主电路PCB板 (43)附录D 3D模式的主电路PCB板 (43)附录E 总体原理电路图 (43)附录F DSP控制电路原理图 (43)致谢 (44)第一章绪论1.1 课题研究的背景、目的和意义当今世界，人类对于能源的依赖性越来越强，能源已经成为我们生活中必需的部分，它为人类的各项活动提供着动力。

摘要随着太阳能光伏发电产业在我国的推广和普及，国内对并网逆变器的需求必将越来越大，仅仅依靠进口已很难解决日益增长的巨大需要。

因此，研制完全实用化、工程化的太阳能光伏并网逆变器成为该领域急需解决的问题，存在着广阔的市场前景。

在此背景下，本文对正弦波并网逆变器的软硬件系统设计、控制算法研究和系统仿真等方面进行了深入探索。

首先介绍了国内外光伏发电产业的现状和广阔的前景，详细分析了并网逆变电路的拓扑结构和工作原理，讨论了全桥逆变电路直流侧和交流侧滤波器的设计思路，并推导出逆变电路关键参数的计算公式。

其次分析了单相电压控制和单相电流控制的不足，采用了基于DSP软件算法的电流电压双闭环控制技术。

比较几种常用的光伏电池最大功率点跟踪方法，采用能够快速、准确跟踪光伏电池最大输出功率点的电导增量法来实现最大功率点的跟踪。

为了使并网电流和电网电压同频、同相，需要使用锁相环技术。

本文详细分析了软件锁相环的原理，并结合实际系统设计方案和绘制软件流程图。

本文对孤岛效应的含义及相关标准进行了说明，分析了产生孤岛效应的原因和危害，证明了添加反孤岛保护的必要性，并分别对孤岛效应的主动和被动检测法进行了比较，用MATLAB仿真工具对本文所采用的主动频率偏移法进行了仿真验证。

最后，根据系统总体设计要求，对并网逆变器控制电路、驱动电路和保护电路进行了详细的设计，并制作了基于DSP控制的3kW光伏并网逆变器样机。

通过实验表明，所采用的控制策略和设计的硬件电路能够满足设计要求，统可安全、稳定运行。

关键词光伏逆变器:DSP 最大功率点跟踪软件锁相环孤岛效应AbstractWith the promotion and popularization of solar photovoltaic，there will be a greater demand for grid-connected inverters in our country．The increasing demand for grid-connected inverters has become a problem which can not be solved only by means ofimport．An urgent problem to be solved is that the study and design of the photovoltaic grid-connectedinverters must be fully practical in use and in manufacture，and therefore there are desirable market prospects of the above-mentioned products．In this paper,the grid-connected inverter is explored in the hardware design，control algorithm research，simulation and so on．First of all，the present situation and broad prospect of photovoltaic industry at homeand abroad are introduced．The topology and working principle of grid-connected inverter circuit are analyzed in detail．And the design ideas and processes of the filters on both DC and AC sides are discussed；moreover,the formulas of the key parameters of the maincircuit are derived．Next，the current and voltage dual closed-loop control based on software algorithms of DSP is chosen by analyzing the deficiencies of voltage control and current contro1．The arithmetic of incremental conductance of MPPT of grid-connected system realizes the tracking of MPPT by comparing with several methods of MPPT of grid-connected system．APLL(Phase Locked Loop)is needed in order to keep the same frequency and phasesynchronous to the grid．In this paper, the SPLL(soft PLL)principle is analyzed in detail，the design scheme and software flow charts are given based on practical system．Then，the meanings and the criteria of the anti-islanding are explained and the causes and disadvantages of anti-islanding are analyzed．And it tries to prove the necessity to add protection of anti—islanding in this paper．The active and passive detecting methods of anti—islanding are analyzed；moreover, the anti-islanding of active frequency drift method is simulated and confirmed by MATLAB．Finally, according to the requirement of system design，the grid-connected invertercontrol circuit，drive circuit and protection circuit are designed in great detail and a sample of 3kW grid-connected photovoltaic generator based on DSP is designed and made．Test results show that the control strategy and the designed circuit can satisfy the design requests and the system can work safely and stably．Key words photovoltaic inverter；DSP maximum power point tracking soft PLL anti—islanding目录摘要 (I)Abstract (II)绪论 (1)1 光伏发电系统简介 ................................................................................ 错误!未定义书签。

第36卷第4期继电器Vol.36 No.4 2008年2月16日RELAY Feb.16, 2008 基于DSP控制的单相光伏并网逆变系统的设计吴玉蓉，张国琴（武汉科技学院电子信息工程学院，湖北 武汉 430073）摘要：阐述了基于数字信号处理器TMS320F2812控制的单相光伏并网逆变系统的设计，该系统主要应用于小功率光伏并网发电系统。

分析了系统的结构和控制原理，设计了最大功率跟踪MPPT(Maximum power point tracking)算法和锁相环的软件设计流程图，构建了实验室样机。

实验结果表明并网电流波形良好，但含有少量的高次谐波，逆变器输出的电流基本与电网电压同频同相，并网的功率因数近似为1。

关键词:光伏；逆变；数字信号处理器Design of single phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverse system based on DSPWU Yu-rong, ZHANG Guo-qin(School of Electronic Engineering and Information,Wuhan University of Science and Engineering, Wuhan 430073,China)Abstract: This paper presents the design of single phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverse system based on the digital signal processor TMS320F2812 .The system mainly has application in the small power photovoltatic grid-connected generation system. The paper analyzes the constitute and control principle of the system and designs the software flow chart of MPPT(Maximum Power Point Tracking) algorithm and the phase lock loop. An experimental prototype is built up. The experimental results show the wave of grid-connected current is better except for a little amount high-order harmonical wave. The wave of grid-connected current has the same frequency and phase as the utility voltage. The power factor of grid-connected has reached to nearly 1.Key words: photovoltaic; inverse; digital signal processor中图分类号：TM76 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1003-4897(2008)04-0051-030 引言随着科学技术的快速发展和人们生活水平的不断提高，人们对能源的需求量越来越多，而传统的化石能源日益枯竭，同时化石能源的过度开采严重破坏了生态环境，化石能源的利用严重污染着生活环境。

基于DSP光伏并网发电系统的逆变器设计谢维;陈小荣;肖莹【摘要】Grid-connected system is the trend of development of solar energy photovoltaic system. According to the typical characteristics of the photovoltaic power generation system, a photovoltaic inverter of 5 kW level rated power is designed. Using TMS320F240 as the DSP core, constitutes the two stage grid-connected inverter, i.e. DC-DC and DC-AC. Through the experiment carried out by a series of polycrystalline silicon PV array, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is realized, as well as the control function of anti-islanding effect. The results show that, based on DSP current tracking control strategy, the fundamental component of the sine-wave current is about 99.6 percentage of the total output current, which achieve the same frequency and phase with the grid voltage.%并网发电系统是太阳能光伏系统的发展趋势，针对光伏并网发电系统的典型特点，设计了5 kW额定功率级的光伏逆变器。

基于DSP的小功率光伏并网逆变器的设计软硬件的分析基于DSP的小功率光伏并网逆变器的设计摘要：本文介绍了1kW并网逆变器的设计。

详细的介绍了逆变器的基本设计和关键技术，以及并网电流的控制策略。

并在完成试验装置，验证了逆变器的稳定性和控制策略的可靠性。

英文摘要：This paper presents design of a 1kW photovoltaic grid-connected inverter. The fundamentals and key technique, and the technique for inverter to connected with grid are discussed in detail. The experiment proves the feasibility of the control scheme and the inverter.关键词：太阳能光伏并网逆变器1 前言随着生态环境的日益恶化，人们逐渐认识到必须走可持续发展的道路，太阳能必须完成从补充能源向替代能源的过渡。

光伏并网是太阳能利用的发展趋势，光伏发电系统将主要用于调峰电站和屋顶光伏系统。

在光伏并网系统中，并网逆变器是核心部分。

目前并网型系统的研究主要集中于DC－DC和DC－AC两级能量变换的结构。

DC－DC变换环节调整光伏阵列的工作点使其跟踪最大功率点;DC－AC逆变环节主要使输出电流与电网电压同相位，同时获得单位功率因数。

其中DC－AC是系统的关键设计，本文详细介绍了小功率光伏并网逆变器的设计。

并对逆变器进行了实验验证。

2 系统结构太阳能光伏并网逆变装置的主原理图如图1所示。

本系统采用两级式设计，前级为BOOST升压斩波器，后级为全桥式逆变器。

前级用于最大功率追踪，后级实现对并网电流的控制。

他们的控制都是由DSP芯片TMS320F2812协调完成。

图1 光伏并网系统结构图3 逆变器的设计太阳能并网逆变器是并网发电系统的核心部分，其主要功能是将太阳能电池板发出的直流电逆变成单相交流电，并送入电网。

周光明1，朱正菲1，谢佶隽2（1. 浙江省能源研究所,浙江杭州 310012；2. 浙江大学电气工程学院,浙江杭州 310 027）摘要：介绍了基于DSP的光伏并网逆变系统的设计。

系统采用TMS320F2407作为主控芯片，通过最大功率跟踪，使太阳电池动态工作在最大功率点上。

运用电流预估计原理使输出性能得到提高，通过软件锁相使输出电流同步跟踪电网电压相位，并具有电网掉电识别、过流、欠压和监控等功能，保证了光伏并网发电的安全运行，并具有远程通讯功能。

关键词：光伏并网；DSP；最大功率跟踪；通讯Design and control of grid connected PV inverted based on DSPZHOU Guangming1, ZHU Zhengfei1, XIE Jijun2(1. Zhejiang Energy Research Institute, Hangzhou 310012, China。

2. Electric and Electronic College of ZhejiangUniversity, Hangzhou 310027, China)Abstract: This paper deals with a study on grid connected photovoltaic inverter based on DSP. The concept of main circuit design and its control strategy were provided. The fundamental features of this system are constructed by an constant voltage tracker to realize the maximum power output of PV array, a phase locker to make output current synchronous with main grid voltage. To avoid the“island effect” and to identify the main grid is“on”or “off”, over current or low voltage etc.，some appropriate control sets are used in the system .In addition, the back feedsfrom the main grid to inverter was fully avoided by using soft phaselocking technology.Keywords: grid connected PV。

摘要近年来由于人们对能源短缺、环境污染问题的日益关注，太阳能的应用与普及越来越受到人们的重视，应用领域也越来越广泛,这也使得光伏产业在近些年发展较为迅猛。

本设计针对光伏电站的现状,应用计算机技术、网络通信技术等相关技术,研究开发了一套以现场总线为骨干的太阳能光伏电站监控系统。

该系统能够同时实现本地监控和远程监控功能,具有实时性好、功能全面等特点,具有很强的工程实用价值。

本设计首先介绍了光伏发电技术及其监控系统的研究现状,阐述了光伏电站监控系统的组成和功能。

根据实际应用的需求,选取了 AVR ATmega系列单片机作为该系统的控制器,进行了系统的软硬件的设计,实现了对光伏电站运行状态的实时监控,具有参数显示和设置等功能。

其次,通过比较目前常用的远程通信方式,选用了 GPRS无线通信方式来实现监控系统远程通信功能。

并结合GPRS无线通信方式的优点,详细阐述了系统是如何利用GPRS无线通信技术构建数据通信链路与实现数据远程传输的。

最后,分别给出了基于MCGS的本地监控和基于WEB的远程监控人机界面设计,并详细给出了单片机与本地上位机的通信协议——Modbus-RTU。

本监控系统是通过多重窗体程序来实现人机界面的,通过不同的窗体可以实现电站的运行状态的实时显示和参数设定等功能。

在实验室搭建了系统测试平台,进行了模拟调试,达到了设计的预期效果。

此系统已经在实际的工程中得到应用。

关键词:光伏电站;远程监控;单片机;GPRS;现场总线AbstractEnergy is the basis for human survival. Nowadays, energy crisis is increasingly serious. Solar energy, as an inexhaustible supply, is clean and renewable. It has been paid more and more attention. Therefore, using photovoltaic effect to convert solar power to electricity is one of the important methods to solve the current crisis. In this thesis, the PV power plant monitoring system is researched and designed based on fieldbus by using computer technology, network communication technology and related technologies. The system is able to achieve local and remote monitoring, and is very practical for its multiple functions and performance of real-time.Firstly, the research status of photovoltaic technology and its monitoring system was introduced in the thesis, and then the composition and function of the PV power plant monitoring system was described. According to the needs of practical application, A VR ATmega series microcontrollers were selected as the system controller in the thesis. The hardware design and software design for the controller were mainly studied, they could achieve real-time data acquisition, data and state display, parameter setting etc al.Secondly, by comparing with the current commonly used remote means of communication, GPRS wireless communication was chosen to achieve the remote communication, and how to use GPRS to build a data communication link and achieve remote data transmission was described in detail by combining the advantages of GPRS.Finally, the thesis gave the human-machine interface design based on MCGS and WEB respectively, and communication principle Modbus-RTU between the single-chip microcomputer and host computer. The human-machine interface was achieved through multiple forms program. The monitoring system achieved real-time displaying and parameter settings and other functions in different forms.In the laboratory, the hardware test platform was built. And by testing and debugging the system, it achieved the expected effect. In addition, this system has been applied in practical engineering.KEYWORDS: PV power plant; Remote monitoring; Microcontroller; GPRS; Fieldbus目录摘要 ............................................... 错误!未定义书签。