下载文档原格式
2006年考研英语text4 精讲知乎As students gear up for their postgraduate entrance exams, the significance of mastering each and every detail of the exam materials cannot be overstated. Among these materials, the English section, particularly Text 4 of the 2006 exam, stands out as a challenging yet rewarding nugget of knowledge. This article aims to delve into the intricacies of this text, drawing insights from the vast wisdom of Zhihu, a popular knowledge-sharing platform in China.The first step in understanding Text 4 is to grasp its overarching theme and tone. The text, written in a clear and concise manner, delves into the complexities of modern life and the challenges it poses to individuals,particularly in terms of managing their time and maintaining a work-life balance. T he author’s tone is both objective and insightful, providing a balanced perspective on the subject matter.To fully appreciate the depth and breadth of the text, it is essential to unpack its key ideas and arguments. One of the main arguments put forward is the importance of timemanagement in today’s fast-paced world. The author highlights how the proliferation of technology and the constant stream of information can often lead toindividuals feeling overwhelmed and stressed. In this context, effective time management becomes crucial for maintaining a healthy work-life balance.Another noteworthy aspect of the text is its exploration of the concept of “quality time.” This refers to the idea that not all time spent is valuable or productive. Instead, it is the quality of the time spent that matters. The author argues that individuals should focus on spending their time on activities that are meaningful and fulfilling, rather than simply being busy. To illustrate these points, the author provides real-life examples and anecdotes that resonate with readers and help them connect with the subject matter. These examples range from professional settings to personal lives, demonstrating the universality of the challenges discussed. In addition to the main arguments, the text also touches on other related topics such as the importance of setting goals, the role of motivation in achieving success,and the benefits of maintaining a positive mindset. These topics are discussed in a nuanced manner, providing a holistic understanding of the subject matter.The discussion on Zhihu further enriches our understanding of Text 4. Users on the platform share their own experiences, insights, and perspectives on the topics discussed in the text. These contributions range from personal anecdotes to professional advice, offering a diverse and comprehensive view of the subject matter.For instance, some users agree with the author’s emphasis on time management and quality time, sharing their own strategies and techniques for managing their time effectively. Others provide insights into the challenges of maintaining a work-life balance, offering practical solutions and tips for coping with stress and overwhelm.Overall, Text 4 of the 2006 Postgraduate Entrance Exam English section is a thought-provoking and insightful text that explores the complexities of modern life and the challenges it poses to individuals. By unpacking its key ideas and arguments and drawing insights from Zhihu, we can gain a deeper understanding of these topics and apply themto our own lives. Whether you are preparing for your examsor simply interested in exploring these ideas, Text 4 is a valuable resource that is worth delving into.**解锁2006年考研英语Text 4的奥秘：知乎上的深度剖析** 随着学生们为研究生入学考试做准备，熟练掌握考试材料的每一个细节的重要性不言而喻。
UNIT 2 Model Test 2Part I Vocabulary1.Although Asian countries are generally more cautious in social customs than Western countries, there havebeen several notable examples of women leaders in both China and India.A) conservative 保守的B) confidential 机密的C) comprehensive 综合的D) consistent 始终的虽然亚洲的国家在社会习俗方面普遍比西方国家保守，但中国和印度仍有好几位著明的女性领导人。
Cautious：谨慎的2.The law prohibits occupancy by more than 250 persons.A) abandons 放弃B) defines 定义C) declare 宣布D) forbids 禁止法律禁止超过250人的占用。
Prohibit：禁止3.One condition of this job is that you must be present at work at weekends.A) available to 可以用来B) capable of 有能力C) acceptable to 可接受D)accessible to 可得到这个工作的一个条件就是你必须周末去工作。
Present at：在场4.The availability of food and probably to a lesser extent, the degree of danger from predators are two basicinfluences in the relations between individuals within a species.A) distribution 分配B) diversity 多样性C) imitation 模仿D) utility 效用食物的可获得性及可能在稍微小的程度上来自捕食者的危险程度是两个影响个体在物种之间的关系基本因素。
研究生学位英语考试试题Part One：ListeningPart Two：Vocabulary1．Please do not be ____ by his bad manners since he is merely trying to attract attention.A disregardedB distortedC irritatedD intervened2. Craig assured his boss that he would ____ all his energies in doing this new job.A call forthB call atC call onD call off3. Too much ____ to X-rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body.A disclosureB exhibitionC contactD exposure4. When confronted with such questions, my mind goes ____, and I can hardly remember my own date of birth.A dimB blankC faintD vain5. It is well known that knowledge is the ____ condition for expansion of mind.A incompatibleB incredibleC indefiniteD indispensable6. Language, culture, and personality may be considered ____ of each other in thought, but they are inseparable in fact.A indistinctlyB separatelyC irrelevantlyD independently7. Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn, the Irish milkmaid fought hard to ____ her laughter.A hold backB hold onC hold outD hold up8. The manager gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look for her ____ attitude toward customers.A impartialB mildC hostileD opposing9. I ____ with thanks the help of my colleagues in the preparation of this new column.A expressB confessC verifyD acknowledge10. It is strictly ____ that access to confidential documents is denied to all but a few.A securedB forbiddenC regulatedD determined11. The pollution question as well as several other issues is going to be discussed when the Congress is in ____ again next spring.A assemblyB sessionC conferenceD convention12. Christmas is a Christian holy day usually celebrated on December 25th ____ the birth of Jesus Christ.A in accordance withB in terms ofC in favor ofD in honor of13. Since it is too late to change my mind now, I am ____ to carrying out the plan.A obligedB committedC engagedD resolved14. It was a bold idea to build a power station in the deep valley, but it ____ as well as we had hoped.A came offB went offC brought outD make out15. To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must ____ the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world-market demand.A improveB enhanceC guaranteeD gear16. He left early on the ____ that he had a bad toothache and had to see the dentist.A prescriptionB pretextC knowledgeD precondition17. The new edition of the encyclopedia ____ many improvements, which is the result of the persistent effort of all the compilers.A embeddedB embodiedC enchantedD enclosed18. The boys and girls ____ together round the camp fire telling stories and singing songs.A reversedB clappedC clusteredD contracted19. The new underground railway will ____ the journey to all parts of the city.A consumeB eliminateC formulateD facilitate20. The speaker attracted the audience at the very beginning of the lecture by giving a ____ description of his personal experience.A globalB graciousC graphicD prescriptivePart Three：ReadingPassage oneThe potential of closed-circuit television and other new electronic teaching tools is so great that it is fascinating tovisualize “the school of tomorrow”.Televised lessons will originate from a central building having perhaps four or five master studios. The lessons will be carried into classrooms all over a city, or even an entire country.After a televised lesson has been given, the classroom teacher will take over for the all-important “follow-up” period. The students will ask troublesome questions, and difficult points will be cleared up through discussion.The teacher in the classroom will have ad ditional electronic tools. On the teacher’s desk, the traditional bright red apple will have been replaced by a multiple—control panel and magnetic tape players. The tape machines will run prerecorded lessons which pupils will follow by headphones. The les sons will be specifically geared to the students’ levels of ability. For instance, which the class as a whole studies history, each student will receive an individual history lesson, directed to his particular level of ability.Should questions arise, the students will be able to talk directly to the teacher on individual “intercoms” without disturbing the rest of the class. In this way, the teacher will be able to conduct as many as three classes at the same time.1.This article is mainly about_______.A. televisionB. electronicsC. the schools of the futureD. communication2. Closed-circuit television will probably carry lessons to_____.A. a single classroomB. one schoolC. all the classrooms in the worldD. all the classrooms in a city or country3. In the schools of tomorrow, the teacher’s desk will____.A. contain electronic equipmentB. actually be a television setC. no longer existD. look like an isolation booth4. In the schools of tomorrow, students will4. In the schools of tomorrow, students will_____.A. all study different subjects at the same timeB. study at different levels within a subject at the same timeC. not studyD. not have to read books5. Electronic tools will enable the teacher to5. Electronic tools will enable the teacher to_____.A. teach more than one class at the same timeB. retireC. teach only a small number of pupilsD. rely on TV stations onlyPassage Two：Industrial Psychology is the application of various psychological techniques to the selection and training of industrial workers and to the promotion of efficient working conditions and techniques, as well as individual job satisfaction.The selection of workers for particular jobs is essentially a problem of discovering the special aptitudes and personality characteristics needed for the job and of devising tests to determine whether candidates have such aptitudes and characteristics. The development of tests of this kind has long been a field of psychological research.Once the worker is on the job and has been trained, the fundamental aim of the industrial psychologist is to find ways in which a particular job can best be accomplished with a minimum of effort and a maximum of individual satisfaction. The psychologist's function, therefore, differs from that of the so-called efficiency expert, who places primary emphasis on increased production. Psychological techniques used to lessen the effort involved in a given job include a detailed study of the motions required to do the job, the equipment used, and the conditions under which the job is performed. After making such a study, the industrial psychologist often determines that the job in question may be accomplished with less effort by changing the routine motions of the work itself, changing or moving the tools, improving the working conditions, or a combination of several of these methods.Industrial psychologists have also studied the effects of fatigue on workers to determine the length of working time that yields the greatest productivity. In some cases such studies have proven that total production on particular jobs could be increased by reducing the number of working hours or by increasing the number of rest periods, or "breaks," during the day. Industrial psychologists may also suggest less direct requirements for general improvement of job performance, such as establishing a better line of communication between employees and management.6. From the first sentence of passage, we learn that the primary objective of industrial psychology is to study ______.A. working efficiency that leads to the highest outputB. the working skills and the working environmentC. the techniques leading to the highest productivityD. the utilization of workers to get the greatest profit7. A test in industrial psychology is used to find out ______.A. a worker’s achievementsB. a worker's potential for a certain jobC. a worker's psychological problemD. a worker's motivation for a certain job8. The industrial psychologist’s function differs from that of the efficiency experts in that the former______.A. places great emphasis on maximum productionB. never cares about the increase of productionC. is mainly concerned with workers' satisfactionD. worries a lot about those workers in poor working conditions9. In an industrial psychologist's mind, all of the following is important EXCEPT______.A. the steps in which work is doneB. the state of mind of a worker when workingC. the effect of working environment on a workerD. the value of the product a worker is making10. It is certain that ______.A. Two breaks in a day lead to higher productivity than oneB. working less hours can yield the highest efficiencyC. communication is increasing between the employers and employeesD. changing tools will help increase the productionPassage Three：The Welsh language has always been the ultimate marker of Welsh identity, but a generation ago it looked as if Welsh would go the way of Manx. once widely spoken on the isle of Man but now extinct. Government financing and central planning, however, have helped reverse the decline of Welsh. Road signs and official public documents are written in both Welsh and English, and schoolchildren are required to learn both languages. Welsh is now one of the most successful of Europe’s regional languages, spoken by more than a half-million of the country’s three million people.The revival of the language, particularly among young people, is part of a resurgence of national identity sweeping through this small, proud nation. Last month Wales marked the second anniversary of the opening of the National Assembly, the first parliament to be convened here since 1404. The idea behind devolution was to restore the balance within the union of nations making up the United Kingdom. With most of the people and wealth, England has always had bragging rights. The partial transfer of legislative powers from Westminster, implemented by Tony Blair, was designed to give the other members of the club- Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales-a bigger say and to counter centrifugal forces that seemed to threaten the very idea of the union.The Welsh showed little enthusiasm for devolution. Whereas the Scots voted overwhelmingly for a parliament, the vote fora Welsh assembly scraped through by less than one percent on a turnout of less than 25 percent. Its powers wereproportionately limited. The Assembly can decide how money from Westminster or the European Union is spent. It cannot, unlike its counterpart in Edinburgh, enact laws. But now that it is here, the Welsh are growing to like their Assembly. Many people would like it to have more powers. Its importance as figurehead will grow with the opening in 2003, of a new debating chamber, one of many new buildings that are transforming Cardiff from a decaying seaport into a Baltimore-stylewaterfront city. Meanwhile a grant of nearly two million dollars from the European Union will tackle poverty. Wales is one of the poorest regions in Western Europe- only Spain, Portugal, and Greece have a lower standard of living.Newspapers and magazines are filled with stories about great Welsh men and women, boosting self-esteem. To familiar faces such as Dylan Thomas and Richard Burton have been added new icons such as Catherine Zeta-Jones, the movie star, and Bryn Terfel, the opera singer. Indigenous foods like salt marsh lamb are in vogue. And Wales now boasts a national airline. Awyr Cymru. Cymru, which means “land of compatriots,” is the Welsh name for Wales. The red dragon, the nation’s symbol since the time of King Arthur, is everywhere- on T-shirts, rugby jerseys and even cell phone covers. “Until very recent times most Welsh people had this feeling of being second-class citizens,” said Dyfan Jones, an 18-year-old student. It was a warm summer night, and I was sitting on the grass with a group of young people in Llanelli, an industrial town in the south, outside the rock music venue of the National Eisteddfod, Wales’s annual cultural festival. The disused factory in front of us echoed to the sounds of new Welsh bands.“There was almost a genetic tendency for lack of confidence,” Dyfan continued. Equally comfortable in his Welshness as in his membership in the English-speaking, global youth culture and the new federal Europe, Dyfan, like the rest of his generatio n, is growing up with a sense of possibility unimaginable ten years ago. “We used to think. We can’t do anything, we’re only Welsh. Now I think that’s changing.”11. According to the passage, devolution was mainly meant toA. maintain the present status among the nations.B. reduce legislative powers of England.C. create a better state of equality among the nations.D. grant more say to all the nations in the union.12. The word “centrifugal” in the second paragraph meansA. separatist.B. conventional.C. feudal.D. political13. Wales is different from Scotland in all the following aspects EXCEPTA. people’s desire for devolution.B. locals’ turnout for the voting.C. powers of the legislative body.D. status of the national language.14. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of the resurgence of Welsh national identityA. Welsh has witnessed a revival as a national language.B. Poverty-relief funds have come from the European Union.√C. A Welsh national airline is currently in operation.D. The national symbol has become a familiar sight.15. According to Dyfan Jones what has changed isA. people’s mentality.B. pop culture.C. town’s appearance.D. possibilities for the people.Passage Four：What is true? What is right? What is beautiful? Science considers what is true, starting out with almost unimaginable ideas (The earth is moving! The future is unpredictable!). The job is to understand these ideas and fit them into a broad and logical picture of the universe. Politics considers what is right. This requires broad understanding and eventual consensus of points of view that often appear incompatible. Art is the development of what is beautiful---whether through words, a musical note, or architecture.Truth, morality, beauty. It has been h umanity’s persistent hope that these three ideas should be consistent with each other. Yet successful activities in science, politics, and art diverge greatly, and I believe the three activities can be pursued initially without regard to each other, or without reconciling the possible conflicts that may arise. Today, there is perceivedto be a strong contradiction between the results of science and the requirements of morality; for instance, the application of science has led to the development of nuclear weapons, while international morality seems to demand that such results never be applied —— and that research leading to them should be stopped. I hold a position radically different from the general point of view, believing that contradiction and uncertainty should be enhanced.Niel Bohr loved contradiction. He would not tolerate the idea that quantum mechanics might some day supersede classical physics. For Bohr, classical physics had to remain in permanent contradiction to quantum mechanics and the tension between them retained as a part of science. In the same way, the impacts of science, politics, and art must remain independent. We must learn to live with contradictions, because they lead to deeper and more effective understanding. The same applies to uncertainty.According to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, only probabilistic predictions can be made about the future. Furthermore, small events can have important consequences. An everyday example is weather forecasting. It is fairly successful for predictions up to 5 days ahead, but if you double that period the predictions are no longer accurate. It is not clear whether long-range predictions are forever excluded, but the example does illustrate that small causes can have significant effects.This situation has an obvious analogy in free will. In a completely deterministic world, what we know as free will in humans is reduced to a mere illusion. I may not know that my actions are predetermined in some complicated configuration of my molecules, and that my decisions are nothing more than the realization of what has been inherent in the configuration of electrons. According to quantum mechanics, we cannot exclude the possibility that free will is a part of the process by which the future is created. We can think about the creation of the world as incomplete and human beings, indeed all living beings, as making choices left open to probability.One may argue that this notion is fantastic. Indeed, Einstein firmly believed in causality, and rejected the relevant part of quantum mechanics. (His famous statementis that, while God can rule the world by any set of laws, “God does not play dice with the universe.”)Attempts have been made to add laws to quantum mechanics to eliminate uncertainty. Such attempts have not only been unsuccessful, they have not even appeared to lead to any interesting results.Questions:16.According to the author, what do science, politics and art each try to explain?17.What is the strong contradiction mentioned in the second paragraph?18.What is the author’s attitude toward contradiction?19.How would the author face uncertainty?20.What is the main idea of the passage?Passage Five：I am afraid to sleep. I have been afraid to sleep for the last few weeks. I am so tired that, finally, I do sleep, but only for a few minutes. It is not a bad dream that wakes me ; it is the reality I took with me into sleep . I try to think of something else. Immediately the woman in the marketplace comes into my mind. I was on my way to dinner last night when I saw her . She was selling skirts. She moved with the same ease and loveliness I often saw in the women of Laos. Her long black hair was as shiny as the black silk of the skirts she was selling. In her hair, she wore three silk ribbons, blue, green, and white. They reminded me of my childhood and how my girlfriends and I used to spend hours braiding ribbons into our hair. I don’t know t he word for “ribbons”, so I put my hand to my own hair and , with three fingers against my head , I looked at her ribbons and said “Beautiful.” She lowered her eyes and said nothing. I wasn’t sure if she understood me (I don’t speak Laotian very well).I looked back down at the skirts. They had designs on them: squares and triangles and circles of pink and green silk. They were very pretty. I decided to buy one of those skirts, and I began to bargain with her over the price. It is the custom to bargain in Asia. In Laos bargaining is done in soft voices and easy moves with the sort of quiet peacefulness.She smiled, more with her eyes than with her lips. She was pleased by the few words I was able to say in her language, although they were mostly numbers, and she saw that I understood something about the soft playfulness of bargaining. We shook our heads in disagreement over the price; then, immediately, we made another offer and then another shake of the head. She was so pleased that unexpectedly, she accepted the last offer I made. But it was too soon. The price was too low. She was being too generous and wouldn’t make enough money. I moved quickly and picked up two more skirts and paid for all three at the price set; that way I was able to pay her three times as much before she had a chance to lower the price for the larger purchase. She smiled openly then, and, for the first time in months, my spirit lifted. I almost felt happy.The feeling stayed with me while she wrapped the skirts in a newspaper and handed them to me. When I left, though, the feeling left, too. It was as though it stayed behind in marketplace. I left tears in my throat. I wanted to cry. I didn’t , of course.I have learned to defend myself against what is hard; without knowing it, I have also learned to defend myself against what is soft and what should be easy.I get up, light a candle and want to look at the skirts. They are still in the newspaper that the woman wrapped them in. I remove the paper, and raise the skirts up to look at them again before I pack them. Something falls to floor. I reach down and feel something cool in my hand. I move close to the candlelight to see what I have. There are five long silk ribbons in my hand, all different colors. The woman in the marketplace! She has given these ribbons to me!There is no defense against a generous spirit, and this time I cry, and very hard, as if I could make up for all the months that I didn’t cry.Questions:21. When the author met the woman in the market, what was the woman doing?22. How can you describe bargaining in Laos?23. According to the author, why did the woman accept the last offer?24. Why did the author finally decide to buy three skirts?25. Why did the writer cry eventually when she looked at the skirts again?Part Four：Translation1. A second aspect of technology transfer concentrates on US high technology exports. China has correctly complained inthe past that the US was unnecessarily restrictive in limiting technology sales to China. Recently some liberalization has taken place and major increases in technology transfers have taken place as the result. However, some items continue to be subject to restrictions and unnecessary delay, in part because the US Government submits many items to COCOM(巴黎统筹委员会) for approval. There is significant room for improvement with the US bureaucracy and COCOM.2. Good manners are necessary because we are judged by our manners. Our manners not only show what kind of educationwe have received and what our social position is, but they also tend to show what our nature is. A person with good manners is always an agreeable companion, because he always thinks of others and shows respect for others.3. Individualism and collectivism have permeated every aspect of Eastern and Western culture, influencing American andChinese economics, politics, morals and values, and especially communication patterns. This is important, for research has proved that the number one cause of failure in international business and relations is not economics or even business but cross-cultural communication.4. It is known to all that knowledge is power. Young people without knowledge cannot expect to become assets to society.In order to acquire profound knowledge, they strive to study well in school in the first place. This does not mean that knowledge only consists in books. In most cases, the knowledge from books is no substitute for the knowledge derived from social practices. For this obvious reason, young people should also regard it as indispensable to their acquirement of knowledge to learn earnestly from the experienced people and from society as well. In short, the rightly motivated young people are advised to insist on obtaining knowledge from all kinds of sources.5. 今天，环境问题变得越来越严重了。
06年考研英语阅读The year 2006 marked a significant milestone for aspiring postgraduate students in China as they faced the challenge of the English reading section in the highly competitive postgraduate entrance examination. This exam, which served as a gatekeeper for admission to coveted graduate programs, placed a strong emphasis on the candidates' ability to comprehend and analyze English texts, a skill that was crucial for their future academic and professional endeavors.The English reading section of the 2006 postgraduate entrance examination was designed to evaluate the test-takers' proficiency in a range of areas, including vocabulary, grammar, and overall comprehension. Candidates were required to demonstrate their ability to understand the main ideas, identify key details, and draw logical inferences from a variety of passages, which could cover topics ranging from academic research to current affairs.One of the hallmarks of the 2006 postgraduate entrance examination's English reading section was its emphasis on criticalthinking. The passages presented to the candidates were not merely straightforward informative texts but often included subtle nuances, implicit messages, and complex argumentation. The test-takers were expected to delve beneath the surface and uncover the underlying meanings, biases, and perspectives within the given texts.In order to excel in this challenging section, candidates were required to possess a strong foundation in English language skills, along with the ability to apply them in a strategic and analytical manner. Successful test-takers not only had a solid grasp of vocabulary and grammar but also demonstrated the capacity to synthesize information, recognize rhetorical devices, and evaluate the author's stance and reasoning.Preparing for the English reading section of the 2006 postgraduate entrance examination was a multi-faceted endeavor that demanded a comprehensive approach. Aspiring students were encouraged to immerse themselves in a wide range of English literature, from academic journals and newspapers to classic works of fiction and non-fiction. By exposing themselves to diverse writing styles and genres, they could expand their vocabulary, sharpen their reading comprehension, and develop a more nuanced understanding of the English language.In addition to extensive reading, candidates were advised to honetheir critical analysis skills through practice exercises and mock tests. They were encouraged to carefully analyze the structure and organization of the passages, identify key arguments and supporting evidence, and evaluate the author's rhetorical techniques and overall effectiveness. By engaging in this active learning process, test-takers could better prepare themselves for the types of questions and challenges they would face in the actual examination.The pressure and stakes associated with the 2006 postgraduate entrance examination's English reading section were undoubtedly high, as the performance in this section could significantly impact a candidate's chances of admission to their desired graduate programs. However, those who rose to the challenge and emerged victorious not only secured their academic futures but also gained invaluable experience and skills that would serve them well in their postgraduate studies and beyond.The lessons learned from navigating the 2006 postgraduate entrance examination's English reading section extended far beyond the confines of the test itself. The critical thinking, analytical reasoning, and language proficiency developed through this rigorous process equipped the successful candidates with the intellectual tools necessary to excel in their graduate studies and, ultimately, in their professional careers.As the years have passed, the importance of the English reading section in the postgraduate entrance examination has only grown, reflecting the increasing global interconnectedness and the demand for highly skilled individuals who can effectively navigate and contribute to the international academic and professional landscape. The legacy of the 2006 postgraduate entrance examination's English reading section continues to shape the educational landscape in China, inspiring future generations of aspiring scholars to strive for excellence and cultivate the linguistic and cognitive abilities that are essential for success in the 21st century.。
24考研英语卷子As the clock ticks towards the highly competitive Graduate Entrance Examination (known as the Gaokao for postgraduate studies in China), many students are gearing up for the rigorous test that could determine their academic and professional futures. The English section of the exam, in particular, is a critical component that requires a highlevel of proficiency in the language.Understanding the Structure of the English PaperThe English section of the Gaokao typically consists of several parts, including listening, reading comprehension, vocabulary and grammar, cloze tests, and essay writing. Each part is designed to assess different aspects of a student's English language skills.Strategies for Success1. Listening Comprehension: Practice is key. Use authentic materials such as news broadcasts, podcasts, and academic lectures to improve listening skills. Take notes while listening to track the main ideas and details.2. Reading Comprehension: Read a variety of texts, including academic papers, editorials, and literature. Focus on understanding the main idea, supporting details, and the author's perspective.3. Vocabulary and Grammar: Build a strong foundation in grammar and expand your vocabulary through regular study. Use flashcards, apps, and online resources to memorize new words and their usage.4. Cloze Tests: These tests require you to fill in the blanks with the appropriate words. To excel in these, understand the context and the grammatical structure of the sentences.5. Essay Writing: The ability to construct a coherent and well-argued essay is crucial. Plan your essay before writing, ensure you have a clear introduction, body, and conclusion, and use a range of vocabulary and complex sentence structures.Time ManagementEffective time management is essential during the exam. Allocate your time wisely to each section, leaving enoughtime for careful reading and review.Mock Tests and RevisionTake as many mock tests as you can to familiarizeyourself with the exam format and timing. After each test, review your mistakes and understand why you made them toavoid repeating them.Staying MotivatedThe journey to the Gaokao can be stressful, but maintaining a positive attitude and staying motivated is important. Set realistic goals, take breaks when needed, and celebrate small victories along the way.ConclusionThe English paper in the Gaokao is a comprehensive test of your language skills. With diligent preparation, strategic study methods, and a positive mindset, you can navigate this challenging exam and pave the way for your future academic endeavors. Remember, the key is to stay focused, practice consistently, and believe in your ability to succeed.。
考研英语1994真题In recent years, an increasing number of students choose to pursue a Master's degree or a Ph.D. by taking the entrance examination for postgraduate students, commonly known as the "gaokao" in China. The competition is fierce, and the English section of the exam is often considered one of the most challenging parts. In this article, we will delve into the 1994 English exam for postgraduate students, exploring its format and content, and offering tips for success.The 1994 English exam for postgraduate students consisted of three parts: listening comprehension, reading comprehension, and writing. Each section tested different language skills and required students to demonstrate their proficiency in English.1. Listening Comprehension:The listening comprehension section aimed to evaluate students' ability to understand spoken English in various contexts. It consisted of multiple-choice questions that required candidates to listen to dialogues, speeches, and lectures and answer questions based on the information they heard. This section assessed listening skills, comprehension, and the ability to infer information from context.To excel in the listening comprehension section, students should practice regularly by listening to a variety of English materials, such as TED Talks, podcasts, and news broadcasts. This can improve their listening skills, vocabulary, and overall understanding of spoken English.2. Reading Comprehension:The reading comprehension section tested students' ability to comprehend and analyze written English texts. The exam included several passages on various topics, followed by multiple-choice questions that assessed students' comprehension, vocabulary, and inference skills.To perform well in the reading comprehension section, candidates should improve their reading speed and develop strategies for tackling different types of questions. They can achieve this by reading a wide range of English texts, including academic articles, news articles, and literary works. It is also crucial to practice identifying key information, understanding the author's tone, and making inferences based on the given text.3. Writing:The writing section of the 1994 English exam required students to compose an essay on a given topic within a designated time frame. This section aimed to assess candidates' ability to express their thoughts clearly and coherently in written English.To excel in the writing section, students should strengthen their overall English writing skills. This includes improving their grammar, vocabulary, sentence structure, and ability to organize ideas. Practicing essay writing regularly, both timed and untimed, can help students become more comfortable with expressing their thoughts fluently and effectively within the given time constraint.In conclusion, the 1994 English exam for postgraduate students was a comprehensive test of candidates' listening, reading, and writing skills. To succeed in the exam, students should practice regularly, expose themselvesto a variety of English materials, and develop strategies for each section. With dedication, persistence, and a structured study plan, students can overcome the challenges of the exam and achieve their desired score for postgraduate studies.。
全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题2014年(总分：84.00，做题时间：120分钟)一、Section Ⅰ Use of English (总题数：1，分数：20.00)Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have __1___ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually ___2___. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. ___3___ among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an ___4___ of good health. Of even greater ___5___ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined ___6___ body mass index, or BMI. BMI ___7__ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, ___8___,can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese. While such numerical standards seem 9 , they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, 10 others with a low BMI may be in poor 11 .For example, many collegiate and professional football players 12 as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a 13 BMI. Today we have a(an) _14 _ to label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight are sometimes_15_in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes _16_ with obesity include laziness, lack of will power,and lower prospects for success.Teachers,employers,and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese. _17_very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.（分数：20.00）A.deniedB.concluded √C.doubledD.ensured解析：题干中，一系列的研究已经_____，事实上，正常体重的人的患病风险要高于超重的人。
2006年考研英语试题及答案Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,Cor D on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points) The homeless make up a growing percentage of America’s population.__1__ homelessness has reached such proportions that local government can’t possibly _____2____. To help homeless people _____3___ independence, the federal government must support job training programs,_____4_____ the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing._____5____everyone agrees on the numbers of Americans who are homeless. Estimates ____6__ anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million. _____7__ the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is_____8____, one of the federal government’s studies _____9__ that the number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade. Finding ways to __10__ this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult.___11__when homeless individuals manage to find a ___12__ that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day__13__ the street, Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have serious mental disorders. Many others,____14____not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday __15__ skills need to turn their lives _____16__.Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are_17___programs that address the many needs of the homeless. _____18__ Edward Blotkowsk, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts,___19__it. “There has to be _____20___of programs. What we need is a package deal.” 1.[A]Indeed [B]Likewise [C]Therefore [D]Furthermore 2.[A]stand [B]cope [C]approve [D]retain 3.[A]in [B]for [C]with [D]toward 4.[A]raise [B]add [C]take [D]keep 5.[A]generally [B]almost [C]hardly [D]not 6.[A]cover [B]change [C]range [D]differ 7.[A]Now that [B]Although [C]Provided [D]Except that 8.[A]inflating [B]expanding [C]increasing [D]extending 9.[A]predicts [B]displays [C]proves [D]discovers 10.[A]assist [B]track [C]sustain [D]dismiss 11.[A]Hence [B]But [C]Even [D]Only 12.[A]lodging [B]shelter [C]dwelling [D]house 13.[A]searching [B]strolling [C]crowding [D]wandering 14.[A]when [B]once [C]while [D]whereas 15.[A]life [B]existence [C]survival [D]maintenance 16.[A]around [B]over [C]on [D]up 17.[A]complex [B]comprehensive [C]complementary [D]compensating 18.[A]So [B]Since [C]As [D]Thus 19.[A]puts [B]interprets [C]assumes [D]makes 20.[A]supervision [B]manipulation [C]regulation [D]coordinationSection II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B,C, or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points) Text 1 In spite of “endless talk of difference,” American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. This is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of consumption “launched by the 19th –century department stores that offered ‘vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite.” these were stores “anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. This turned shopping into a public and democratic act.” The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization. Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. Writing for the National Immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today’s immigration is neither at unprecedented level nor resistant to assimilation. In 1998 immigrants were 9.8 percent of population; in 1900, 13.6 percent. In the 10 years prior to 1990, 3.1 immigrants arrived for every 1,000 residents; in the 10 years prior to 1890, 9.2 for every 1,000. Now, consider three indices of assimilation------language, home ownership and intermarriage. The 1990 Census revealed that “a majority of immigrants from each of the fifteen most common countries of origin spoke English “well” or “very well” after ten years of residence.” The children of immigrants tend to be bilingual and proficient in English. “By the third generation, the original language is lost in the majority of immigrant families.” Hence the description of America as a graveyard” for language. By 1996 foreign-born immigrants who had arrive before 1970 had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent, higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans. Foreign-born Asians and Hispanics “have higher rates of intermarriage than do U.S-born whites and blacks.” By the third generation, one third of Hispanic women are married to non-Hispanics, and 41 percent of Asian-American women are married to non-Asians. Rodriguez not that children in remote villages around world are fans of superstars like Amold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet “some Americans fear that immigrant living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation’s assimilative power.” Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething in America? Indeed. It is big enough to have a bit of everything. But particularly when viewed against America’s turbulent past, today’s social induces suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment. 21. The word “homogenizing” (Line 2, Paragraph 1) most probably meansA. identifyingB. associatingC. assimilatingD. monopolizing 22. According to the author, the department stores of the 19th century A.played a role in the spread of popular culture. B.became intimate shops for common consumers. C.satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable elite. D.owed its emergence to the culture of consumption. 23. The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S. A.are resistant to homogenization. B.exert a great influence on American culture. C.are hardly a threat to the common culture. D.constitute the majority of the population. 24. Why are Amold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned in Paragraph 5? A. To prove their popularity around the world. B. To reveal the public’s fear of immigrants. C. To give examples of successful immigrants. D. To show the powerful influence of American culture. 25. In the author’s opinion, the absorption of immigrants into American society isA. rewardingB. successfulC. fruitlessD. harmful Text 2 Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry—William Shakespeare—but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (ASC), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage, Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights. The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making. The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus- and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side—don’t usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing. It is the playgoers, the ESC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall. The townsfolk don’t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive. Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better.) The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low. It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over)---lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing—room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to themwhen the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.Text 3 When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strange happened to the large animals. They suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans. That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomass of large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then. Dr Worm acknowledges that the figures are conservative. One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today's vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. In the early days, too, longlines would have been more saturated with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past. Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now. Dr Myers and Dr Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the "shifting baseline". The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to do business. 31. The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that A. large animal were vulnerable to the changing environment. B. small species survived as large animals disappeared. C. large sea animals may face the same threat today. D. Slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones 32. We can infer from Dr Myers and Dr. Worm’s paper that A. the stock of large predators in some old fisheries has reduced by 90%. B. there are only half as many fisheries as there were 15 years ago. C. the catch sizes in new fisheries are only 20% of the original amount. D. the number of larger predators dropped faster in new fisheries than in the old. 33. By saying these figures are conservative (Line 1, paragraph 3), Dr Worm means that A. fishing technology has improved rapidly B. then catch-sizes are actually smaller then recorded C. the marine biomass has suffered a greater loss D. the data collected so far are out of date. 34. Dr Myers and other researchers hold that A. people should look for a baseline that can’t work for a longer time. B. fisheries should keep the yield below 50% of the biomass C. the ocean biomass should restored its original level. D. people should adjust the fishing baseline to changing situation 35. The author seems to be mainly concerned with most fisheries’ A.management efficiency B.biomass level C.catch-size limits D.technological application. Text 4 Many things make people think artists are weird and the weirdest may be this: artists' only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad. This wasn't always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy. But somewhere in the 19th century, more artists began seeing happiness as insipid, phony or, worst of all, boring as we went from Wordsworth's daffodils to Baudelaire's flowers of evil. You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen such misery. But it's not as if earlier times didn't know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents. The reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today. After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising. The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology. People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in peril and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too. Today the messages your average Westerner is bombarded with are not religious but commercial, and forever happy. Fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling. Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. And since these messages have an agenda--to lure us to open our wallets to make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable. "Celebrate!" commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks. What we forget--what our economy depends on is forgetting--is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need someone to tell us as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It's a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air. 36.By citing the example of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the author intends to show that A. Poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or music. B. Art grow out of both positive and negative feeling. C. Poets today are less skeptical of happiness. D. Artist have changed their focus of interest. 37. The word “bummer” (Line 5. paragraph 5) most probably means somethingA. religiousB. unpleasantC. entertainingD. commercial 38.In the author’s opinion, advertising A.emerges in the wake of the anti-happy part. B.is a cause of disappointment for the general peer C.replace the church as a major source of information D.creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself. 39.We can learn from the last paragraph that the author believes A.Happiness more often than not ends in sadness. B.The anti-happy art is distasteful by refreshing. C.Misery should be enjoyed rather than denied. D.The anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms 40.Which of the following is true of the text? A.Religion once functioned as a reminder of misery. B.Art provides a balance between expectation and reality. C.People feel disappointed at the realities of morality. D.mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths.Part B Directions: In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A- G to fit into each of numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) On the north bank of the Ohio River sits Evansville, Ind., home of David Williams, 52, and of a riverboat casino where gambling games are played. During several years of gambling in that casino, Williams, a state auditor earning $35,000 a year, lost approximately $175,000. He had never gambled before the casino sent him a coupon for $20 worth of gambling. He visited the casino, lost the $20 and left. On his second visit he lost $800. The casino issued to him, as a good customer, a Fun Card, which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks, and enables the casino to track the user's gambling activities. For Williams, these activities become what he calls electronic morphine. (41)______________. In 1997 he lost $21,000 to one slot machine in two days. In March 1997 he lost $72,186. He sometimes played two slot machines at a time, all night, until the boat locked at 5 a.m., then went back aboard when the casino opened at 9 a.m. Now he is suing the casino, charging that it should have refused his patronage because it knew he was addicted. It did know he had a problem. In March 1998, a friend of Williams's got him involuntarily confined to a treatment center for addictions, and wrote to inform the casino of Williams's gamblers. The casino included a photo of Williams among those of banned gamblers, and wrote to him a” cease admissions” letter notingthe medical/psychological nature of problem gambling behaviors, the letter said that before being readmitted to the patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety have to his safety or well-being. (42) ______________. The Wall Street Journal reports that the casino has 20 signs warning: “Enjoy the fun ... and always bet with your head, not over it”. Every entrance ticket lists a toll-free number for counseling from the Indiana Department of Mental Health. Nevertheless, Williams's suit charges that the casino, knowing he was “helplessly addicted to gambling”, intentionally worked to ”love” him to “engage in conduct against his will” well. (43) ______________. The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) says “pathological gambling” involves persistent, recurring and uncontrollable pursuit less of money than of taking risks in quest of a windfall, (44) ______________.Pushed by science, or what claims to be science, society is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws or moral failings as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities. (45) ______________. Forty-four states have lotteries, 29 have casinos, and most of these states are to varying degrees dependent on --you might say --addicted to--revenues from wagering. And since the first Internet gambling site was created in 1995, competition for gamblers' dollars has become intense. The Oct. 28 issue of NEWSWEEK reported that 2 million gamblers patronize 1,800 virtual casinos every week. With $3.5 billion being lost on Internet wagers this year, gambling has passed pornography as the Web's most profitable business. (A). Although no such evidence was presented, the casino's marketing department continued to pepper him with mailings. And he entered the casino and used his Fun Card without being detected. (B). It is unclear what luring was required, given his compulsive behavior. And in what sense was his will operative? (C). By the time he had lost $5,000 he said to himself that if he could get back to even, he would quit. One night he won $5,500, but he did not quit. (D). Gambling has been a common feature of American life forever, but for a long time it was broadly considered a sin, or a social disease. Now it is a social policy: the most important and aggressive promoter of gambling in America is government. (E). David Williams’s suit should trouble this gambling nation. But don’t bet on it. (F). It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioral problems, often defining as addictions what earlier, sterner generations explained as weakness of will. (G). The anonymous, lonely, undistracted nature of online gambling is especially conductive to compulsive behavior. But even if the government knew how to move against Internet gambling, what would be its grounds for doing so? Part C Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Our translation should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET2. (10 points) Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society?I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckbergen told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected Americans. But they have done more than that. They have grown dissatisfied with the role of intellectual. It is they, not Americans, who have become anti-intellectual. First, the object of our study pleads for definition. What is an intellectual? (46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic(苏格拉底) way about moral problems .He explores such problem consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained. (47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a matter as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision. This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals --- the average scientist for one 48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in everyday performance of his routine duties.--- he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor his reports. (49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. During most of his walking life he will take his code for granted, as the businessman takes his ethics. The definition also excludes the majority of factors, despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living (50) They may teach very well and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment .This description even fits the majority eminent scholars .“Being learned in some branch of human knowledge in one thing, living in public and industrious thoughts,” as Emerson would say ,“is something else.”Section III Writing Part A 51. Directions: You want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan. Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your name at the end of the letter; use Li Ming instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points) Part B 52. Directions: Study the following photos carefully and write an essay of 160~200 words in which you should 1.describe the photos briefly, 2.interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them, and 3.give your point of view. 有两幅图片，图1 把崇拜写在脸上图2 花300元做“小贝头” 注：Beckham 是英国足球明星 有两张照片，一张照片上有一位男士脸上写着足球明星的名字，另一张照片上有一个男子在理发，他要求理发师为他设计一个小贝克汉姆的发型。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-对外经济贸易大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.问答题The (A) fantastic achievements of modern technology and the speed (B) with which scientific discoveries are (C) translated into technological applications (D) attest to the triumph of human efforts.【答案】B；“with”改为“at”。
【解析】考查固定搭配。
句意：现代技术的惊人成就和科学发现转化为技术应用的速度证明了人类努力的胜利。
句中“with which”引导定语从句，修饰先行词“speed”，因为有固定搭配“at the speed”表示“以……的速度”，所以将B项的介词“with”改为“at”。
2.问答题Hurricanes, house fires, cancer, white-water rafting accidents, plane crashes, vicious attacks in dark archways. Nobody asks for any of it. But to their surprise, many people find that enduring such an ordeal ultimately changes them for the better. Their opinion might be something like this: “I wish it hadn’t happened, but I’m a better person for it.”reports of disaster; there is a built—in human capacity to flourish under the most difficult circumstances. Positive reactions to profoundly disturbing experiences are not limited to the toughest or the bravest. In fact, roughly half of the people who struggle with adversity say that their lives have in some ways improved.In a dark room in Queens, New York, 31-year-old fashion designer Tracy Cyr believed she was dying. A few months before, she had stopped taking the powerful immune-suppressing drugs that kept her arthritis（2） check. She never anticipated what would happen: a withdrawal reaction that eventually left her in total body agony and neurological meltdown. The slightest movement-trying to swallow, for example- was excruciating. Even the pressure of her check on the pillow was almost unbearable.Cyr is no wimp-diagnosed with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis at the age of two, she’d endured the symptoms and the treatments (drugs, surgery) her whole life. But this time, she was way past her limits, and nothing her doctors did seemed to help. Either the disease was going to kill her or, pretty soon, she’d have to kill herself.As her sleepless nights wore on, though, her suicidal thoughts began to be interrupted by new feelings of gratitude. She was still in agony, but a new consciousness grew stronger each night: an awesome sense of liberation, combined with an all-encompassing feeling of sympathy and compassion. “I felt stripped（3）everything I’d ever identified myself with,” she said six months later. “Everything I thought I’d known or believed in was useless-time, money, self-image, perception that was so forcing.”Within a few months, she began to be able to move more freely, thanks to a cocktail of steroids and other drugs. But as her physical strength came back, she did not return to her old way of being as a feisty, demanding “sex-in-the-City, three-inch-stilettos-and-fishnets” girl. Now quieter and more tolerant, she makes a point of being submissive in a tum-the-other cheek kind of way. Cyr still takes a pharmacopoeia of drugs every day, but she says there’s no question that her life is better now. “I felt I had been shown the secret of life and why we’re here, to be happy and to nurture other life. It’s that simple.”Her mind-blowing experience came as a total surprise. But that feeling of transformation is in some ways typical, says Rich Tedeschi, a professor of psychology at the University of North Carolina in Charlotte who coined the term “post-traumatic growth”，His studies of people who have endured extreme events like combat, violent crime or sudden serious illness show that most feel dazed and anxious in the immediate aftermath. They are preoccupied with the idea that their lives have been shattered. A few people are haunted long afterward by memory problems, sleep trouble and similar symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. But Tedeschi and others have found that for many people—perhaps even the majority life ultimately becomes richer and more gratifying.Something similar happens to many people who experience a terrifying physical threat. In that moment, our sense of invulnerability is pierced, and the self-protective mental armor that normally stands between us and our perceptions of the world is tom away. Our everyday life scripts---our habits, self-perceptions and assumptions-go out the window, and we’re left with a raw experience of the world.Still, actually implementing these changes, as well as fully coming to terms（4）the new reality, usually takes conscious effort. Being willing and able to take on this process isEventually, they may find themselves freed in ways they never imagined. Survivors often say they become more tolerant and forgiving（5）others, capable of bringing peace to formerly troubled relationships. They say that material ambitions suddenly seemed silly and the pleasures of friends and family became paramount-and that the crisis allowed them to reorganize life in line with the new priorities. People who have grown（6）adversity often feel much less fear, despite the frightening things they’ve been through. They are surprised by their own strength, confident that they can handle whatever else life throws at them. “People don’t say that what they went through was won derful,n says Tedeschi. “They weren’t meaning to grow from it. They were just trying to survive. But in retrospect, what they gained was more than they even anticipated.”In his recent book Satisfaction, Emory University psychiatrist Gregory Bens points to extreme endurance athletes who push themselves to their physical limits for days at a time. They cycle through the same sequence of sensations as do trauma survivors; self-loss, confusion and, finally, a new sense of mastery. For ultramarathoners, who regularly run 100-mile races that last more than 24 hours, vomiting and hallucinating are normal. After a day and night of running without stopping or sleeping, competitors sometimes forget who they are and what they’re doing.But the feeling of mastering extraordinary difficulty makes up for it, reports Honolulu businessman Randy Havre. Havre, 51, found this feeling near the summit of Mauna Kea nearly 10 years ago. He was nearing the end of a 44-mile race that took him from sea level to the top of the volcano-a vertical ascent of 13,766 feet. He was on his way to setting the unofficial world record for the climb, but the high elevation was starting to get（7） him.“When you get to about 10,000 feet, things tend to get a little weird because of the swelling a nd pressure on your brain,” he says. “Above that, it gets exponentially weirder. I remember busting out crying at 12,000 feet. But if you can finish these things, you know; Hey, I can get through this stuff. You were able to hang（8）there, and you’re stronger for that.”The emotional reward can compensate for the pain and difficulty of adversity. This perspective does not cancel（9）what happened, but it puts it all in a different context: that it’s possible to live an extraordinarily rewarding life even within the constraints and struggles we face. In some form or other, says King, we all must go（10）this realization. “You’re not going to be the person you thought you were, but here’s who you are going to be instead- and that turns out to be a pretty g reat life.”Fill in each blank in the article with an appropriate preposition (介词).Read the article carefully and explain the meaning of the words according to the context. tribulations (in paragraph 2)adversity (in paragraph 2)withdrawal (in paragraph 3)excruciating (in paragraph 3)wimp (in paragraph 4)aftermath (in paragraph 7)gratifying (in paragraph 7)exponentially (in paragraph 14)According to Rich Tedeschi, a professor of psychology at the University North Carolina in Charlotte, there is a phenomenon called “post-trauma growth”. What does it mean?【答案】1.考查介词搭配。
自考英语4级考研真题IntroductionThe English proficiency test for postgraduate entrance exams, commonly known as the 4th level exam, is an important benchmark for individuals seeking advanced education in English-speaking countries. This article aims to discuss the format, content, and tips for preparing and succeeding in the self-taught English 4th level exam.Exam FormatThe self-taught English 4th level exam consists of three main parts: listening comprehension, reading comprehension, and writing. The exam is conducted in a paper-based format, with each section having its specific requirements and time allocation.Listening ComprehensionThe listening comprehension section requires candidates to listen to a series of recordings and answer related questions. This section assesses the ability to understand spoken English in various contexts, such as conversations, interviews, and lectures. To prepare for this section, candidates should practice listening to different English accents, enhance their note-taking skills, and familiarize themselves with commonly used vocabulary and idiomatic expressions.Reading ComprehensionIn the reading comprehension section, candidates are presented with a range of academic texts and are required to answer questions based on theirunderstanding of the passages. This section evaluates the ability to comprehend written English, analyze information, and make inferences. To excel in this section, candidates should practice reading academic articles, improve their speed and accuracy in comprehension, and expand their vocabulary through extensive reading.WritingThe writing section is designed to evaluate candidates' ability to express themselves clearly and coherently in written English. Candidates are given a topic or a prompt and are required to write an essay, report, or letter based on the given instructions. Key aspects assessed in this section include grammar, vocabulary usage, organization of ideas, and overall coherence. To prepare for this section, candidates should practice writing essays on various topics, focus on grammar and sentence structures, and develop their ability to express arguments persuasively.Tips for Success1. Start Early: Begin your preparation well in advance to allow adequate time for comprehensive study and practice. Set a study schedule and adhere to it consistently.2. Practice Regularly: Consistent practice is crucial for improving all aspects of language proficiency. Allocate specific time slots for listening and reading comprehension exercises, as well as writing practice.3. Expand Vocabulary: Enhance your vocabulary by dedicating time to learning new words regularly. Make use of word lists, flashcards, and online resources to strengthen your lexical knowledge.4. Seek Feedback: Request feedback from teachers, tutors, or native English speakers to identify areas for improvement. They can provide valuable insights into grammatical errors, coherence of ideas, and general writing style.5. Simulate Exam Conditions: Familiarize yourself with the format and timing of the exam by practicing under timed conditions. This will help you improve your time management skills and build confidence.ConclusionThe self-taught English 4th level exam is a challenging task for individuals aspiring to pursue higher education with English as the medium of instruction. By understanding the exam format, focusing on the different sections, and adopting effective study strategies, candidates can increase their chances of success. Dedication, consistent practice, and a positive mindset are key factors in achieving a desirable score in the self-taught English 4th level exam.。
