下载文档原格式
2021版高考英语大一轮复习层级化晋级写作层级二词靓句高赢高分整齐和谐的并列句讲义并列句是用连词或分号把两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成的句子，在这一句型中需要注意连接并列主语时，有些句型采取“就近原则”。
一、常见并列句的类型及并列连词①I plan to go for an outing,and I would like to invite you to participate.(2021·浙江高考应用文写作)我打算去郊游，想邀请你参加。
②I know you are very interested in pingpong, so I really hope you can join our school team.(2021·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我明白你对乒乓球专门感爱好，因此我确实期望你能加入我们学校的球队。
③As middle school students, we’re not familiar with foreign cultures, while Chinese culture isn’t fit to appear in an English newspaper.(2020·上海高考满分作文)作为中学生，我们不熟悉外国文化，而中国的文化也不适合显现在英语报刊中。
[即时演练] 用适当的并列连词填空1．(2020·陕西高考书面表达)First, my English is very good and I’m openminded and warmhearted, so I’m getting along well with everyone.2．Some choose to avoid them while others decide to deal with them.3．She herself lived a simple or rather poor life but she was so generous to the people in need of help.4．You’d better take an umbrella, for it is going to rain.二、并列句的常用句型1．both ...and ...“既……又……”On the Internet, people can seek information about their favorite stars and buy tickets at a discount as well, which is both timesaving and economical.(2021·江苏高考书面表达)在互联网上，人们能够搜索他们最喜爱的明星的信息，也能够打折买票，既省时又省钱。
并列句是由并列连词连接两个分句而组成的句子,其基本结构是:简单句+并列连词+简单句。
并列句中的前后两个分句的逻辑关系可分为以下几种:1.并列或递进:常用连词是and, not only...but also...(不仅……而且……)。
典句引领Not only is he the first Chinese to go to space, but also he is one of the greatest astronauts in the world.他不仅是第一个进入太空的中国人,而且是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。
雕词琢句(1)The opening ceremony will start at 9:00 am, and the schoolmaster will deliver a speech(而且校长将要发表演讲).(2019课标全国Ⅲ)(2)You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school and the following information may give you a rough sketch(下面的信息可能让你了解概况). (2018课标全国卷Ⅲ)(3)Not only should we avoid getting hurt during the training but also have a healthy diet to keep fit(而且我们应该有一个健康的饮食来保持健康). (2019课标全国卷Ⅱ)2.转折:常用的连词是but和yet。
典句引领The car is very old but it runs very fast.这辆汽车虽然很旧了,但跑得很快。
雕词琢句(1)The school uniforms are fine, but not special enough(但它们不够特别) to give a unique Chinese flavor. (2019江苏卷)(2)I tried my best to control it,but in vain/it is useless(但是没有用).3.对比:常用的连词是while。
第1讲定语从句[全国卷考情分析]题型典题试做命题解读语法填空1.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Now Irene Astburyworks from 9am to 5pm daily at the petshop in Macclesfield，which she openedwith her late husband Les.2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) They were welltrained by their masters who had greatexperience with caring for theseanimals.3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Two of the authors ofthe review also made a study publishedin 2014 which/that_ showed a mere fiveto 10 minutes a day of running reducedthe risk of heart disease and earlydeaths from all causes.1.考查定语从句的关系词，which、that和who考查居多；2．有时考查非限制性定语从句中关系词的用法。
考点一关系代词引导的定语从句[题组试做]单句语法填空1．(2019·石家庄检测一)A new teacher ________ will teach you German will come here tomorrow.who[考查定语从句。
从结构上看，空处是关系代词，修饰先行词A new teacher，指人，并且在从句中作主语，所以要用who。
]2．(2019·重庆第一次调研)The park offers visitors a sight of nature at________ majorities of people never have the chance to take a look.which[考查定语从句。
专题四并列句、三大从句和特殊句式第八讲定语从句和名词性从句一、定语从句高考感悟真题体验1.[2021·浙江卷1月]BMI is an internationally recognized measurement toolgives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.2.[2020·全国卷Ⅲ]In ancient China lived an artist paintings were almost lifelike.3.[2020·北京卷]Some university students carried out a campaign they spent their whole day without cell phones.4.[2020·江苏卷]Many lessons are now available online，from students can choose for free.5.[北京卷] The students benefiting most from college are those are totallyengaged (参与) in academic life，taking full advantage of the college's chances and resources(资源).6.[全国卷Ⅱ]Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop inMacclesfield，she opened with her late husband Les.考点研析多维讲练考点一关系代词引导的定语从句1.关系代词的基本用法①[2020·天津卷]Dr. Rowan，whose secretary resigned two weeks ago，has had to do allhis own typing.罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。
第3讲名词性从句单句语法填空1．(2019·北京朝阳区模拟)I have no doubt that he will make it, but I wonder ________ he is really ready enough.whether/if[分析句子结构可知，从句作wonder的宾语，且从句中不缺少主语和宾语。
结合句义可知表达“是否”的含义，故填whether/if。
]2．(2019·四川德阳诊断)If you can be quiet, I'd like to make a comment on ________ China has benefited from the Beijing APEC meeting.how[句意：如果你可以静下来，我想就中国是如何从北京APEC会议中受益的情况进行一下评论。
从句中不缺少主语和宾语，结合句义可知，答案是how，表示“(方式)怎样”。
] 3．(2019·山西太原期末)Although the store described the Sunday School as experimental, it was a good sign of just ________ important supermarket shopping has become in people's daily life.how[设空处引导从句作介词of的宾语，但从句中不缺少主语和宾语，结合句义可知答案是how，表示“(程度)多少”。
]4．(2019·江苏南通调研)________ is expected of the post90s generation, who tend to spend most of their income every month, is ________ they should form a sense of saving.What; that[第一空引导主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，表示“……的东西(事情)”，故应用what；第二空引导表语从句，从句中既不缺少主语和宾语也不缺少语义，故应填that。
专题九并列句和状语从句考点一并列句(一)并列句的4种类型1．表并列、递进或顺承关系：and，both...and...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...The earth is one of the sun's planets，and the moon is our satellite.地球是太阳系中的一颗行星，月亮是地球的卫星。
2．表转折、比照关系：but，yet，while①The problem was a little hard，yet I was able to work it out.这道题有点难，然而我却把它做出来了。
②The winter in Beijing is very cold while that of Kunming is warm.北京的冬天很冷，然而昆明的冬天却很暖和。
3．表选择关系：or，otherwise，or else，either...or...，not...but...Now you can either have a rest or you can go to the cinema.现在你可以休息，也可以去看电影。
4．表因果关系：so，for(表“由于〞，一般不放在句首)He found it increasingly difficult to read，for his eyesight was beginning to fail.由于他视力开场下降，他发现读书越来越困难了。
(二)并列句的2大句式1．when“就在这时，突然〞，常用以下句式·sb.be about to do/on the point of doing sth.when...某人正要做某事，突然……·sb.be doing sth.when....某人正在做某事，突然……·sb.had(just)done sth.when...某人刚做完某事，突然……①One Friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend away when my daughterheard cries for help.当我们周五在收拾行李要去度周末时，我的女儿突然听到了呼救声。
第2讲并列句和状语从句[全国卷考情分析]题型典题试做命题解读语法填空1.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I work not because Ihave to, but_ because I want to.2．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)In much of Asia，especially the socalled “rice bowl” culturesof China，Japan，Korea，and Vietnam，foodis usually eaten with chopsticks.3．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Over time，as/when thepopulation grew，people began cutting foodinto small pieces so it would cook morequickly.1.并列连词(考查的重点：and，but，or，so，when，while)；2．状语从句的引导词。
考点一并列连词[题组试做]单句语法填空1．(2019·河北衡水中学调研)She didn't know anything about current TV shows ________fashion trends.or[句意：她对于当前的电视节目和流行趋势一无所知。
or用在表示否定意义的动词后表示“也不，也不是，也没有”的意思。
根据本句中表示否定意义的“didn't know”可知设空处填or。
]2．(2019·福建泉州1月质检)In China, the question is not “What shall I have？”________“What shall we have？”．Food is ordered to share with others, not just for oneself.but[句意：在中国，问题不是“我吃什么？”而是“我们吃什么？”。
第2讲并列句和状语从句
单句语法填空
1．(2019·北京朝阳区期末)It is freezing here. Wear your coat, ________ you'll catch a cold.
or[结合语义可知，此处表示“否则，要不然”的意思，故填or。
]
2．(2019·江苏镇江模拟)We thought that, ________ we were in the area, we'd stop by and see the places of interest.
since[句意：我们认为，既然到这了，我们不如驻足一会儿，看一看这儿的名胜。
由句意可知，此处填since表示“既然”。
]
3．(2019·哈六中模拟)However, when I had to go back ________ I forgot my book, I noticed she had just finished picking them up by herself.
because/since/as[根据句意并结合前后两句的逻辑关系可知，此处需用一个表原因的连词，故填because/since/as。
]
4．(2019·北京西城模拟)________ I get home late，Grandma always leaves a light on for me.
Whenever[whenever “无论何时”；根据句意，“每当”我回家晚了，故填Whenever。
]
5．(2019·天津模拟)—Don't look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages.
—Oh, yes, ________others are weak, he is strong.
where[where可以引导表示抽象意义的地点状语从句。
此处表述别人的弱点正是他的强势所在。
故填where。
]
6．(2019·江苏南通月考)________ serious a problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.
However[由句义判断此处表述“无论多么严重”。
故填However，引导让步状语从句。
]
7．(2019·杭州质检)Remember that you won't be able to cancel the order ________ you've signed.
once[句意：记住一旦你签了字，就不能取消订单。
根据句义可知，此处表示条件，故填once。
]
8．(2019·浙江温州十校联考)Good news never goes beyond the gate, ________ bad news spreads far and wide.
while[句意：好事不出门，坏事传千里。
结合句义可知，此处填while表“转折和对照”。
]
语法填空
(2019·广西柳州二模)The Wate rsplashing (泼洒) Festival of the Dai ethnic minority (少数民族) falls on April 13th to April 15th. It is the most important festival 1.________(observe) by the Dai people of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province. It is the New Year for the Dai, a festival to send off the old and greet the new.
During the festival, 2.________ lasts three days, people are dressed in their best clothes and participate in a variety of rich and colourful 3.________ (activity). Dragon boat racing, fireworks displays and other performances such as Peacock Dance 4.________(hold) on the first day. And the most popular event 5.________(be) watersplashing on the second day. People splash water on each other, h oping to take away sicknesses and disasters. The wetter you get, the 6.________ (lucky) you will be. The last day is usually for the young people to play games as a way 7.________ (express) their love for each other.
The Watersplashing Festival 8.________(vivid) exhibits the Dai's respect for water and the culture of music, dance, food, and costumes. It is also a cultural bridge 9.________ Xishuangbanna and Southeast Asian countries that share 10.________ same festival culture of watersplashing.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。
介绍了傣族泼水节的相关情况，包括时间、活动内容和意义等。
1．observed[考查过去分词。
这是云南省西双版纳的傣族人所奉行的最重要的节日。
根据该句中的“by the Dai people”可知，动词observe和名词festival之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。
]
2．which[考查定语从句。
分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为“the festival”，故用which引导该定语从句。
]
3．activities[考查名词复数。
activity“(群体性的)活动”常用复数，根据该句中的“a variety of”可知，此处表示“多种多样的活动”，故用其复数形式。
] 4．are held[考查被动语态和主谓一致。
该句主语为“Dragon boat racing，fireworks displays and other performances such as Peacock Dance”，故谓语动词用复数形式；主语和动词hold之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态；故填are held。
]
5．is[考查主谓一致和时态。
该句主语为“the most popular event”为单数，故谓语动词用单数；该句陈述的是传统习惯，故用一般现在时。
]
6．luckier[考查形容词的比较级。
根据句子结构和该句中的“The wetter”可知，该句使用了“the more...the more...”结构，表示“越……就越……”。
故填luckier。
] 7．to express[考查动词不定式。
最后一天的活动通常是年轻人玩游戏来表达他们对彼此的爱。
根据语境可知，空处表示目的，故用动词不定式作目的状语。
] 8．vividly[考查副词。
泼水节生动地展示了傣族人对水和音乐、舞蹈、食物以及服饰文化的尊重。
根据空后的“exhibits”可知，空处修饰该动词，故用vivid的副词形式。
] 9．between[考查介词。
此处表示两者之间，between...and...为固定搭配，意为“在……和……之间”。
泼水节也是西双版纳和东南亚国家之间的文化桥梁，他们共享相同的泼水节日文化。
]
10．the[考查冠词。
根据语境可知，此处表特指，故填the。
]。
