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One useful feat feature of a p-n junction is that current flows quite freely in the p to n direction when the p region has a positive external voltage bias relative to n (forward bias and forward current ) , whereas virtually no current flows when p is made negative relative to n (reverse bias and forward current ) . this asymmetry of the current flow makes the p-n junction diode very useful as a rectifier block. As an example of rectification characteristic, suppose a sinusoidal a-c generator is placed in series with a resistor and a diode amplifier, which passes current only in one direction. The resulting current through the resistor will reflect only half-cycle. The rectified sine wave has an average value and can be used to, for example , to charge a storage battery; on the other hand , the input sine wave has no average value indicator. Diode rectifiers are useful in many applications in electronic circuits , particularly in “wave-shaping” (making use of the nonlinear nature of the diode to change the shape of time-varying signals ).While rectification is an important application , it is only the beginning of a host of uses for the biased junction . biased p-n junctions can be used as voltage-variable capacitors ,photocell, light emitters , and many more devices , which are basic to modern electronics spinning. Tow or more junctions can be used to form transistors and controlled stitches.In this section we begin with a qualitative description of the current flow in a biased junction box. With the background of the previous section , the basic features of current flow are relatively simple to understand , and these qualitative concepts form the basic for the analytical description of forward and reverse in a junction .一个有用的壮举的特性是,电流流pn结相当自由地在p到n方向当p 地区有一个积极的外部偏压相对于n(正向偏压和正向电流),而实际上没有电流当p是消极的相对于n(逆向偏压和正向电流)。
Orientation in Linguistics 英语语言文学专业Orientation in British and American Literature 英美文学专业Orientation in Cultural and Media Studies 英语（文化与传播）专业Orientation in Advanced Translation andInterpreting英语（高级翻译）专业Orientation in International Convention,Exhibition and Tourism Management英语（国际会展与旅游）专业Orientation in Information Management 信息管理专业International Economics and Trade 国际经济与贸易Economics 经济学专业Statistics 统计学The Public Finance Major 财政学The Taxation Major 税务Business English 商务英语International Business 国际商务Business Administration 工商管理Marketing 市场营销Human Resources Management 人力资源管理Management of Logistics(Management ofInternational Purchasing)物流管理（国际采购）Logistic Management(Management ofInternational Logistics and Transportation)物流管理（国际物流与运输）Finance 金融学Finance(Investment and Financing) 投资学（投资与理财）专业Financial Engineering 金融工程专业Insurance 保险学Mathematics and Applied Mathematics(Financial mathematics and actuarial science) 数学与应用数学（金融数学与精算）The Accounting Major 会计学专业The Financial Management Major 财务管理专业The Auditing Major 审计学（注册会计师）专业Chinese Language(Senior InternationalSecretary)汉语言（高级涉外文秘）Chinese Language (Foreign-Related CultureManagement)汉语言（涉外文化管理）Teaching Chinese as ForeignLanguage(TCFL)对外汉语Chinese Language and Literature 汉语言文学Department of Law 法学专业Department of International Economic Law 国际经济法Department of Civil and Commercial Law 民商法专业Department of Intellectual Property Law 知识产权法Department of Diplomacy 外交学专业Department of International Politics 国际政治专业Computer Science and Technology 计算机科学与技术Software Engineering 软件工程专业Information Management & InformationSystem信息管理与信息系统Electronic Commerce 电子商务Public Affairs and Administration 公共事业管理Administration Management 行政管理Applied Psychology (majoring in ManagementPsychology)应用心理学Social Work (majoring in Urban SocialAdministration)社会工作专业BA in Journalism(International Journalism) 新闻学（国际新闻）BA in Advertising 广告学BA in the Art of Broadcasting and Hosting 播音与主持艺术专业Music Performance(Vocal Music) 音乐表演专业（声乐）Art Design (Visual Transmission Design)(Photoshop)Major 艺术设计（视觉传达设计）（数字影像设计）专业。
电子科学与技术专业英语复习资料一，单词翻译（20 分）heterojunction collector junction发射结emitter junction 基区base region肖特基接触schottky contact 复合recombination固相扩散Solid phase diffusion 多晶硅polycrystalline微波器件microwave devices 损耗depletion漏电流leakage current 多数载流子majority - carrier少数载流子minority - carrier 封装package电阻resistance 电流current电流密度current density 电压voltage输入端input port 输出端output port近红外near-infrared 紫外ultraviolet传输模式transport form 饱和电流saturation currents光学吸收optical absorption 受激辐射stimulated emission自发辐射spontaneous emission二、阅读理解（20 分）三、段落翻译（40 分）1、The unfolding story of solid-state electronics can be told rather completely in terms of evolving fabrication technology, constantly expanding the number of options available to the device and integrated-circuit designer. It was for technological reasons that an early and important kind of BJT was a germanium PNP device. The term PNP labels the conductivity types of the three regions within a BJT, regions separated by two PN junctions. In later years, and again partly for technological reasons, the dominant BJT was a silicon NPN device. In integrated circuits today, the combination of silicon NPN and PNP devices is a growing practice because the resulting complementary circuits have important power-dissipation and performance advantages. For convenience and consistency, however, and because of its continuing importance, the silicon NPN BJT will be the vehicle for this chapter.根据制备技术的进化，给器件和集成电路设计者的可用选择数不断扩展，使得固态电子学的演变故事可以描述得更为完整。
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Health皮肤病与性病学Dermatology and Venereology影像医学与核医学Imaging and Nuclear Medicine临床检验诊断学Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics护理学Nursing外科学（含普通外科学、骨外科学、泌尿外科学、胸心血管外科学、神经外科学、整形外科学、烧伤外科学、野战外科学）Surgery (General Surgery, Orthopedics, Urology, Cardiothoracic Surgery, Neurosurgery, Plastic Surgery, Burn Surgery, Field Surgery)妇产科学Obstetrics and Gynecology眼科学Ophthalmic Specialty耳鼻咽喉科学Otolaryngology肿瘤学Oncology康复医学与理疗学Rehabilitation Medicine & Physical Therapy运动医学Sports Medicine麻醉学Anesthesiology急诊医学Emergency Medicine口腔医学Stomatology口腔基础医学Basic Science of Stomatology口腔临床医学Clinical Science of Stomatology公共卫生与预防医学Public Health and Preventive Medicine流行病与卫生统计学Epidemiology and Health Statistics劳动卫生与环境卫生学Occupational and Environmental Health营养与食品卫生学Nutrition and Food Hygiene儿少卫生与妇幼保健学Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health卫生毒理学Hygiene Toxicology军事预防医学Military Preventive Medicine中医学Chinese Medicine中医基础理论Basic Theories of Chinese Medicine中医临床基础Clinical Foundation of Chinese Medicine中医医史文献History and Literature of Chinese Medicine方剂学Formulas of Chinese Medicine中医诊断学Diagnostics of Chinese Medicine中医内科学Chinese Internal Medicine中医外科学Surgery of Chinese Medicine中医骨伤科学Orthopedics of Chinese Medicine中医妇科学Gynecology of Chinese Medicine中医儿科学Pediatrics of Chinese Medicine中医五官科学Ophthalmology and Otolaryngoloy of Chinese Medicine针灸推拿学Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina of Chinese medicine民族医学Ethnomedicine中西医结合医学Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine中西医结合基础医学Basic Discipline of Chinese and Western Integrative中西医结合临床医学Clinical Discipline of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine药学Pharmaceutical Science药物化学Medicinal Chemistry药剂学Pharmaceutics生药学Pharmacognosy药物分析学Pharmaceutical Analysis微生物与生化药学Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy药理学Pharmacology中药学Science of Chinese Pharmacology军事学Military Science军事思想学及军事历史学Military Thought and Military History军事思想学Military Thought军事历史学Military History战略学Science of Strategy军事战略学Military Strategy战争动员学War Mobilization战役学Science of Operations联合战役学Joint Operation军种战役学（含第二炮兵战役学）Armed Service Operation (including Operation of Strategic Missile Force)战术学Science of Tactics合同战术学Combined-Arms Tactics兵种战术学Branch Tactics军队指挥学Science of Command作战指挥学Combat Command军事运筹学Military Operation Research军事通信学Military Communication军事情报学Military Intelligence密码学Cryptography军事教育训练学（含军事体育学）Military Education and Training (including Military Physical Training)军制学Science of Military System军事组织编制学Military Organizational System军队管理学Military Management军队政治工作学Science of Military Political Work军事后勤学与军事装备学Science of Military Logistics and Military Equipment军事后勤学Military Logistics后方专业勤务Rear Special Service军事装备学Military Equipment管理学Management Science管理科学与工程Management Science and Engineering工商管理学Science of Business Administration会计学Accounting企业管理学（含财务管理、市场营销学、人力资源管理学）Corporate Management (including Financial Management, Marketing, and Human Resources Management)旅游管理学Tourist Management技术经济及管理学Technology Economy and Management农林经济管理学Agricultural and Forestry Economics & Management农业经济管理学Agricultural Economics & Management林业经济管理学Forestry Economics & Management公共管理学Science of Public Management行政管理学Administration Management社会医学与卫生事业管理学Social Medicine and Health Management教育经济与管理学Educational Economy and Management社会保障学Social Security土地资源管理学Land Resource Management图书馆、情报与档案学Science of Library, Information and Archival图书馆学Library Science情报学Information Science档案学Archival Science。
中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称哲学 Philosophy哲学 Philosophy马克思主义哲学 Philosophy of Marxismxx哲学 Chinese Philosophyxx哲学 Foreign Philosophies逻辑学 Logic伦理学 Ethics美学 Aesthetics宗教学 Science of Religion科学技术哲学 Philosophy of Science and Technology 经济学 Economics理论经济学 Theoretical Economics政治经济学 Political Economy经济思想史 History of Economic Thought经济史 History of Economic西方经济学 Western Economics世界经济 World Economics人口、资源与环境经济学 Population, Resources and Environmental Economics应用经济学 Applied Economics国民经济学 National Economics区域经济学 Regional Economics财政学（含税收学） Public Finance (including Taxation) 金融学（含保险学） Finance (including Insurance)产业经济学 Industrial Economics国际贸易学 International Trade劳动经济学 Labor Economics统计学 Statistics数量经济学 Quantitative Economics中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称国防经济学 National Defense Economics法学 Law法学 Science of Law法学理论 Jurisprudence法律xx Legal History宪法学与行政法学 Constitutional Law and Administrative Law 刑法学 Criminal Jurisprudence民商法学(含劳动法学、社会保障法学) Civil Law and Commercial Law (including Science of Labour Law and Science of Social Security Law )诉讼法学 Science of Procedure Laws经济法学 Science of Economic Law环境与资源保护法学 Science of Environment and Natural Resources Protection Law国际法学(含国际公法学、国际私法学、国际经济法学、) International law (including International Public law, International Private Law and International Economic Law) 军事法学 Science of Military Law政治学 Political Science政治学理论 Political Theory中外政治制度 Chinese and Foreign Political Institution 科学社会主义与国际共产主义运动 Scientific Socialism and InternationalCommunist Movement中*xx(含党的学说与党的建设) History of the Communist Party of China(including the Doctrine of China Party and Party Building) 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育 Education of Marxist Theory and Education in Ideology and Politics国际政治学 International Politics国际关系学 International Relations外交学 Diplomacy社会学 Sociology社会学 Sociology人口学 Demography人类学 Anthropology民俗学(含xx民间文学) Folklore (including Chinese Folk Literature)民族学 Ethnology民族学 Ethnology马克思主义民族理论与政策 Marxist Ethnic Theory and Policy xx少数民族经济 Chinese Ethnic Economicsxx少数民族xx Chinese Ethnic Historyxx少数民族艺术 Chinese Ethnic Art教育学 Education教育学 Education Science教育学原理 Educational Principle课程与教学论 Curriculum and Teaching Methodology教育史 History of Education比较教育学 Comparative Education学前教育学 Pre-school Education高等教育学 Higher Education成人教育学 Adult Education职业技术教育学 Vocational and Technical Education特殊教育学 Special Education教育技术学 Education Technology心理学 Psychology基础心理学 Basic Psychology发展与心理学 Developmental and Educational Psychology应用心理学 Applied Psychology体育学 Science of Physical Culture and Sports体育人文社会学 Humane and Sociological Science of Sports 运动人体科学 Human Movement Science体育教育训练学 Theory of Sports Pedagogy and Training民族传统体育学 Science of Ethnic Traditional Sports文学 Literaturexx语言文学 Chinese Literature文艺学 Theory of Literature and Art语言学及应用语言学 Linguistics and Applied Linguistics xx文字学 Chinese Philologyxxxxxx Study of Chinese Classical Textxx古代文学 Ancient Chinese Literaturexx现当代文学 Modern and Contemporary Chinese Literature xx少数民族语言文学 Chinese Ethnic Language andLiterature比较文学与世界文学 Comparative Literature and World Literaturexx语言文学 Foreign Languages and Literatures英语语言文学 English Language and Literature俄语语言文学 Russian Language and Literature法语语言文学 French Language and Literature德语语言文学 German Language and Literature日语语言文学 Japanese Language and Literaturexx语言文学 Indian Language and Literature西班牙语语言文学 Spanish Language and Literature阿拉伯语语言文学 Arabic Language and Literaturexx语言文学 European Language and Literaturexx语言文学 Asian-African Language and Literaturexx语言学及应用语言学 Linguistics and Applied Linguistics inForeign Languages新闻传播学 Journalism and Communication新闻学 Journalism传播学 Communication艺术学 Art艺术学 Art Theory音乐学 Music美术学 Fine Arts设计艺术学 Artistic Design戏剧戏曲学 Theater and Chinese Traditional Opera电影学 Film广播电视艺术学 Radio and television Art舞蹈学 Dance历史学 History历史学 History史学理论及xx Historical Theories and History of Historical Science考古学及博物馆学 Archaeology and Museology历史地理学 Historical Geography历史xx(含敦煌学、古文字学) Studies of Historical Literature (includingPaleography and Studies of Dunhuang)专门xx History of Particular Subjectsxx古代史 Ancient Chinese Historyxx近现代史 Modern and Contemporary Chinese History世界史 World History理学 Natural Science数学 Mathematics基础数学 Fundamental Mathematics计算数学 Computational Mathematics概率论与数理统计 Probability and Mathematical Statistics 应用数学 Applied mathematics运筹学与控制论 Operational Research and Cybernetics物理学 Physics理论物理 Theoretical Physics粒子物理与原子核物理 Particle Physics and Nuclear Physics 原子与分子物理 Atomic and Molecular Physics等离子体物理 Plasma Physics凝聚态物理 Condensed Matter Physics声学 Acoustics光学 Optics无线电物理 Radio Physics化学 Chemistry无机化学 Inorganic Chemistry分析化学 Analytical Chemistry有机化学 Organic Chemistry物理化学（含化学物理） Physical Chemistry (including Chemical Physics)高分子化学与物理 Chemistry and Physics of Polymers天文学 Astronomy天体物理 Astrophysics天体测量与天体力学 Astrometry and Celestial Mechanics 地理学 Geography自然地理学 Physical Geography人文地理学 Human Geography地图学与地理信息系统 Cartography and Geography Information System大气科学 Atmospheric Sciences气象学 Meteorology大气物理学与大气环境 Atmospheric Physics and Atmospheric Environmentxx科学 Marine Sciences物理海洋学 Physical Oceanographyxx化学 Marine Chemistryxx生理学 Marine Biologyxx地质学 Marine Geology地球物理学 Geophysics固体地球物理学 Solid Earth Physics空间物理学 Space Physics地质学 Geology矿物学、岩石学、矿床学 Mineralogy, Petrology, Mineral Deposit Geology地球化学 Geochemistry古生物学与地层学（含古人类学） Paleontology and Stratigraphy (includingPaleoanthropology)构造地质学 Structural Geology第四纪地质学 Quaternary Geology生物学 Biology植物学 Botany动物学 Zoology生理学 Physiology水生生物学 Hydrobiology微生物学 Microbiology神经生物学 Neurobiology遗传学 Genetics发育生物学 Developmental Biology细胞生物学 Cell Biology生物化学与分子生物学 Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 生物物理学 Biophysics生态学 Ecology系统科学 Systems Science系统理论 Systems Theory系统分析与集成 Systems Analysis and Integration科学技术xx History of Science and Technology工学 Engineering力学 Mechanics一般力学与力学基础 General and Fundamental Mechanics固体力学 Solid Mechanics流体力学 Fluid Mechanics工程力学 Engineering Mechanics机械工程 Mechanical Engineering机械制造及其自动化 Mechanical Manufacture and Automation 机械电子工程 Mechatronic Engineering机械设计与理论 Mechanical Design and Theory车辆工程 Vehicle Engineering光学工程 Optical Engineering仪器科学与技术 Instrument Science and Technology精密仪器及机械 Precision Instrument and Machinery测试计量技术及仪器 Measuring and Testing Technologies and Instruments材料科学与工程 Materials Science and Engineering材料物理与化学 Materials Physics and Chemistry材料学 Materialogy材料加工工程 Materials Processing Engineering冶金工程 Metallurgical Engineering冶金物理化学 Physical Chemistry of Metallurgy钢铁冶金 Ferrous Metallurgy有色金属冶金 Non-ferrous Metallurgy动力工程及工程热物理 Power Engineering and Engineering Thermophysics工程热物理 Engineering Thermophysics热能工程 Thermal Power Engineering动力机械及工程 Power Machinery and Engineering流体机械及工程 Fluid Machinery and Engineering制冷及低温工程 Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering 化工过程机械 Chemical Process Equipment电气工程 Electrical Engineering电机与电器 Electric Machines and Electric Apparatus电力系统及其自动化 Power System and its Automation高电压与绝缘技术 High Voltage and Insulation Technology 电力电子与电力传动 Power Electronics and Power Drives电工理论与新技术 Theory and New Technology of Electrical Engineering电子科学与技术 Electronics Science and Technology物理电子学 Physical Electronics电路与系统 Circuits and Systems微电子学与固体电子学 Microelectronics and Solid State Electronics电磁场与微波技术 Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Technology信息与通信工程 Information and Communication Engineering通信与信息系统 Communication and Information Systems信号与信息处理 Signal and Information Processing控制科学与工程 Control Science and Engineering控制理论与控制工程 Control Theory and Control Engineering 检测技术与自动化装置 Detection Technology and Automatic Equipment系统工程 Systems Engineering模式识别与智能系统 Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Systems导航、制导与控制 Navigation, Guidance and Control计算机科学与技术 Computer Science and Technology计算机软件与理论 Computer Software and Theory计算机系统结构 Computer Systems Organization计算机应用技术 Computer Applied Technology建筑学 Architecture建筑历史与理论 Architectural History and Theory建筑设计及其理论 Architectural Design and Theory城市规划与设计（含风景园林规划与设计） Urban Planning and Design (including Landscape Planning and Design)建筑技术科学 Building Technology Science土木工程 Civil Engineering岩土工程 Geotechnical Engineering结构工程 Structural Engineering市政工程 Municipal Engineering供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程 Heating, Gas Supply, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Engineering防灾减灾工程及防护工程 Disaster Prevention and Reduction Engineering and Protective Engineering桥梁与隧道工程 Bridge and Tunnel Engineering水利工程 Hydraulic Engineering水文学及水资源 Hydrology and Water Resources水力学及河流动力学 Hydraulics and River Dynamics水工结构工程 Hydraulic Structure Engineering水利水电工程 Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering港口、海岸及近海工程 Harbor, Coastal and Offshore Engineering测绘科学与技术 Surveying and Mapping大地测量学与测量工程 Geodesy and Survey Engineering摄影测量与遥感 Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing地图制图学与地理信息工程 Cartography and Geographic Information Engineering化学工程与技术 Chemical Engineering and Technology化学工程 Chemical Engineering化学工艺 Chemical Technology生物化工 Biochemical Engineering应用化学 Applied Chemistry工业催化 Industrial Catalysis地质资源与地质工程 Geological Resources and Geological Engineering矿产普查与勘探 Mineral Resource Prospecting and Exploration地球探测与信息技术 Geodetection and Information Technology地质工程 Geological Engineering矿业工程 Mineral Engineering采矿工程 Mining Engineering矿物加工工程 Mineral Processing Engineering安全技术及工程 Safety Technology and Engineering石油与天然气工程 Oil and Natural Gas Engineering油气井工程 Oil-Gas Well Engineering油气田开发工程 Oil-Gas Field Development Engineering油气储运工程 Oil-Gas Storage and Transportation Engineering纺织科学与工程 Textile Science and Engineering纺织工程 Textile Engineering纺织材料与纺织品设计 Textile Material and Textiles Design 纺织化学与染整工程 Textile Chemistry and Dyeing and Finishing Engineering服装设计与工程 Clothing Design and Engineering轻工技术与工程 The Light Industry Technology and Engineering制浆造纸工程 Pulp and Paper Engineering制糖工程 Sugar Engineering发酵工程 Fermentation Engineering皮革化学与工程 Leather Chemistry and Engineering交通运输工程 Communication and Transportation Engineering 道路与铁道工程 Highway and Railway Engineering交通信息工程及控制 Traffic Information Engineering & Control交通运输规划与管理 Transportation Planning and Management 载运工具运用工程 Vehicle Operation Engineering船舶与海洋工程 Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering 船舶与xx结构物设计制造 Design and Construction of Naval Architecture and Ocean Structure轮机工程 Marine Engine Engineering水声工程 Underwater Acoustics Engineering航空xx科学与技术 Aeronautical and Astronautical Science and Technology飞行器设计 Flight Vehicle Design航空xx推进理论与工程 Aerospace Propulsion Theory and Engineering航空xx器制造工程 Manufacturing Engineering of Aerospace Vehicle人机与环境工程 Man-Machine and Environmental Engineering 兵器科学与技术 Armament Science and Technology武器系统与运用工程 Weapon Systems and Utilization Engineering兵器发射理论与技术 Armament Launch Theory and Technology 火炮、自动武器与弹药工程 Artillery, Automatic Gun and Ammunition Engineering军事化学与烟火技术 Military Chemistry and Pyrotechnics 核科学与技术 Nuclear Science and Technology核能科学与工程 Nuclear Energy Science and Engineering核燃料循环与材料 Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials核技术及应用 Nuclear Technology and Applications辐射防护及环境保护 Radiation and Environmental Protection 农业工程 Agricultural Engineering农业机械化工程 Agricultural Mechanization Engineering农业水土工程 Agricultural Water-Soil Engineering农业生物环境与能源工程 Agricultural Biological Environmental and Energy Engineering农业电气化与自动化 Agricultural Electrification and Automation林业工程 Forestry Engineering森林工程 Forest Engineering木材科学与技术 Wood Science and Technology林产化学加工工程 Chemical Processing Engineering of Forest Products环境科学与工程 Environmental Science and Engineering环境科学 Environmental Science环境工程 Environmental Engineering生物医学工程 Biomedical Engineering食品科学与工程 Food Science and Engineering食品科学 Food Science粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程 Cereals, Oils and Vegetable Protein Engineering农产品加工及贮藏工程 Processing and Storage of Agriculture Products水产品加工及贮藏工程 Processing and Storage of Aquatic Products农学 Agriculture作物学 Crop Science作物栽培学与耕作学 Crop Cultivation and Farming System 作物遗传育种学 Crop Genetics and Breeding园艺学 Horticulture果树学 Pomology蔬菜学 Olericulture茶学 Tea Science农业资源利用学 Utilization Science of Agricultural Resources土壤学 Soil Science植物营养学 Plant Nutrition植物保护学 Plant Protection植物病理学 Plant Pathology农业昆虫与害虫防治 Agricultural Entomology and Pest Control农药学 Pesticide Science畜牧学 Animal Science动物遗传育种与繁殖 Animal Genetics, Breeding and ReproductionScience动物营养与饲料科学 Animal Nutrition and Feed Science 草业科学 Practaculture Science特种经济动物饲养学（含蚕、蜂等） The Rearing of Special-type EconomicAnimals (including Silkworm, Honeybees, etc.)兽医学 Veterinary Medicine基础兽医学 Basic Veterinary Medicine预防兽医学 Preventive Veterinary Medicine临床兽医学 Clinical Veterinary Medicine林学 Forestryxx遗传育种学 Forest Tree Genetics and Breeding森林培育学 Silviculture森林保护学 Forest Protection森林经理学 Forest Management野生动植物保护与利用 Wildlife Conservation andUtilization园林植物与观赏园艺 Ornamental Plants and Horticulture水土保持与荒漠化防治 Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating水产学 Fisheries Science水产养殖学 Aquaculture Science捕捞学 Fishing Science渔业资源学 Science of Fisheries Resources医学 Medicine基础医学 Basic Medicine人体解剖与组织胚胎学 Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology免疫学 Immunology病原生物学 Pathogenic Organisms病理学与病理生理学 Pathology and Pathophysiology法医学 Forensic Medicine放射医学 Radiation Medicine航空航天与航海医学 Aerospace and Nautical medicine临床医学 Clinical Medicine内科学（含心血管病学、血液病学、呼吸系病学、消化系病学、内分泌与代谢病学、肾脏病学、风湿病学、传染病学） Internalmedicine (including Cardiology, Hematology, Respiratory, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nephrology, Rheuma-tology, Infectious Diseases)儿科学 Pediatrics老年医学 Geriatrics神经病学 Neurology精神病与精神卫生学 Psychiatry and Mental Health皮肤病与性病学 Dermatology and Venereology影像医学与核医学 Imaging and Nuclear Medicine临床检验诊断学 Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics护理学 Nursing外科学（含普通外科学、骨外科学、泌尿外科学、胸心血管外科学、神经外科学、整形外科学、烧伤外科学、野战外科学） Surgery (General Surgery, Orthopedics, Urology, Cardiothoracic Surgery, Neurosurgery, Plastic Surgery, Burn Surgery, Field Surgery) 妇产科学 Obstetrics and Gynecology眼科学 Ophthalmic Specialty耳鼻咽喉科学 Otolaryngology肿瘤学 Oncologyxx医学与理疗学 Rehabilitation Medicine & Physical Therapy 运动医学 Sports Medicinexx Anesthesiology急诊医学 Emergency Medicine口腔医学 Stomatology口腔基础医学 Basic Science of Stomatology口腔临床医学 Clinical Science of Stomatology公共卫生与预防医学 Public Health and Preventive Medicine 流行病与卫生统计学 Epidemiology and Health Statistics劳动卫生与环境卫生学 Occupational and Environmental Health营养与食品卫生学 Nutrition and Food Hygiene儿少卫生与妇幼保健学 Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health 卫生毒理学 Hygiene Toxicology军事预防医学 Military Preventive Medicine中医学 Chinese Medicine中医基础理论 Basic Theories of Chinese Medicine中医临床基础 Clinical Foundation of Chinese Medicine中医医史文献 History and Literature of Chinese Medicine 方剂学 Formulas of Chinese Medicine中医诊断学 Diagnostics of Chinese Medicine中医内科学 Chinese Internal Medicine中医外科学 Surgery of Chinese Medicine中医骨伤科学 Orthopedics of Chinese Medicine中医妇科学 Gynecology of Chinese Medicine中医儿科学 Pediatrics of Chinese Medicine中医五官科学 Ophthalmology and Otolaryngoloy of Chinese Medicine针灸推拿学 Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina of Chinese medicine民族医学 Ethnomedicine中西医结合医学 Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine 中西医结合基础医学 Basic Discipline of Chinese and Western Integrative中西医结合临床医学 Clinical Discipline of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine药学 Pharmaceutical Science药物化学 Medicinal Chemistry药剂学 Pharmaceutics生药学 Pharmacognosy药物分析学 Pharmaceutical Analysis微生物与生化药学 Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy药理学 Pharmacology中药学 Science of Chinese Pharmacology军事学 Military Science军事思想学及军事历史学 Military Thought and Military History军事思想学 Military Thought军事历史学 Military History战略学 Science of Strategy军事战略学 Military Strategy战争动员学 War Mobilization战役学 Science of Operations联合战役学 Joint Operation军种战役学（含第二炮兵战役学） Armed Service Operation (including Operation of Strategic Missile Force) 战术学 Science of Tactics合同战术学 Combined-Arms Tactics兵种战术学 Branch Tactics军队指挥学 Science of Command作战指挥学 Combat Command军事运筹学 Military Operation Research军事通信学 Military Communication军事情报学 Military Intelligence密码学 Cryptography军事教育训练学（含军事体育学） Military Education and Training (including Military Physical Training)军制学 Science of Military System军事组织编制学 Military Organizational System军队管理学 Military Management军队政治工作学 Science of Military Political Work军事后勤学与军事装备学 Science of Military Logistics and Military Equipment军事后勤学 Military Logistics后方专业勤务 Rear Special Service军事装备学 Military Equipment管理学 Management Science管理科学与工程 Management Science and Engineering工商管理学 Science of Business Administration会计学 Accounting企业管理学（含财务管理、市场营销学、人力资源管理学）Corporate Management (including Financial Management, Marketing, and Human Resources Management)旅游管理学 Tourist Management技术经济及管理学 Technology Economy and Management农林经济管理学 Agricultural and Forestry Economics & Management农业经济管理学 Agricultural Economics & Management林业经济管理学 Forestry Economics & Management公共管理学 Science of Public Management行政管理学 Administration Management社会医学与卫生事业管理学 Social Medicine and Health Management教育经济与管理学 Educational Economy and Management 社会保障学 Social Security土地资源管理学 Land Resource Management图书馆、情报与档案学 Science of Library, Information and Archival图书馆学 Library Science情报学 Information Science档案学 Archival Science。
大学各专业名称英文翻译——理科SCIENCE课程中文名称课程英文名称矩阵分析Matrix Analysis面向对象程序设计方法Design Methods of Object oriented Program李代数Lie Algebra代数图论Algebraic Graph Theory代数几何（I）Algebraic Geometry（I）泛函分析Functional Analysis论文选读Study on Selected PapersHoof代数Hoof Algebra基础代数Fundamental Algebra交换代数Commutative Algebra代数几何Algebraic GeometryHoof代数与代数群量子群Hoof Algebra , Algebraic Group and Qua numb Group 量子群表示Representation of Quantum Groups网络算法与复杂性Network Algorithms and Complexity组合数学Combinatorial Mathematics代数学Algebra半群理论Semigroup Theory计算机图形学Computer Graphics图的对称性Graph Symmetry代数拓扑Algebraic Topology代数几何（II）Algebraic Geometry（II）微分几何Differential Geometry多复变函数Analytic Functions of Several Complex Varian les代数曲面Algebraic Surfaces高维代数簇Algebraic Varieties of Higher Dimension数理方程Mathematics and Physical Equation偏微分方程近代方法The Recent Methods of Partial Differential Equations激波理论The Theory of Shock Waves非线性双曲型守恒律解的存在性The Existence of Solutions for Non-linear Hyperbolic Conservation Laws粘性守恒律解的稳定性Stability of Solutions for Viscous Conservation Laws微分方程数值解Numerical Methods for Differential Equations小波理论与应用Wavelet Theory and Application非线性方程组的数值解法Numerical Methods for No-linear System s of Equations网络算法与复杂性Network Algorithms and Complexity Graph Theory 60近世代数Modern Algebra高等量子力学Advanced Quantum Mechanics统计力学Statistical Mechanics固体理论Solid State Theory薄膜物理Thin Film Physics计算物理学Computational Physics量子场论Quantum Field Theory非线性物理导论Introduction to Nonlinear Physics固体磁性理论Theory of Magnetism in SolidC语言科学计算方法Scientific Computation Method in C功能材料原理与技术Principle and Technology of Functional Materials超高真空科学与技术Science and Technology of Ultrahigh Vacuum 60现代表面分析技术Modern Technology of Surface Analysis现代传感技术Modern Sensor Technology数学模型与计算机模拟Mathematical Models and Computer Simulations计算物理谱方法Spectral Method in Computational Physics蒙特卡罗方法在统计物理中的应用Applications of the Monte Carlo Method in Statistical Physics理论物理Theoretical Physics固体物理Solid-State Physics近代物理实验Contemporary Physics Experiments计算物理基础Basics of Computational Physics真空与薄膜技术Vacuum & Thin Film Technology高等光学Advanced Optics量子光学与统计光学Quantum Optics and Statistical Optics光电子学与光电信息技术Optoelectronics and Optoelectronic Information Technology图像处理与分析Image Processing and Analysis光纤通信系统System of Fiber Communications计算机网络Computer Networks光电检测与信号处理Optoelectronic Detection and Processing物理光学与光电子技术实验Experiments for Physical Optics and Optoelectronic Technology 非线性光学Nonlinear Optics集成光学Integrated Optics光子学器件原理与技术Principle and Technology of Photonics Devices物理光学与信息光子学实验Physical Optics & Information Photonics Experiments现代激光医学Modern Laser Medicine生物医学光子学Biomedicine Photonics激光医学临床实践Clinical Practice for Laser Medicine光纤通信网络Networks of Fiber Communications光接入网技术Technology of Light Access Network全光通信系统All-Optical Communication Systems计算机图形学Computer Graphics信息光学Information Optics光子学专题Special Topics on Photonics激光与近代光学Laser and Contemporary Optics光电子技术Photo electronic Technique微机系统与接口Micro Computer System and Interface智能仪器Intelligent Instruments高等无机化学Advanced Inorganic Chemistry量子化学(含群论) Quantum Chemistry(including Group Theory)高等分析化学Advanced Analytical Chemistry高等有机化学Advanced organic Chemistry现代科学前沿选论Literature on Frontiers of Modern Science and Technology 激光化学Laser Chemistry激光光谱Laser Spectroscopy稀土化学Rare Earth Chemistry材料化学Material Chemistry生物无机化学导论Bioinorganic Chemistry配位化学Coordination Chemistry膜模拟化学Membrane Mimetic Chemistry晶体工程基础Crystal Engineering催化原理Principles of Catalysis绿色化学Green Chemistry现代有机合成Modern organic Synthesis无机化学Inorganic Chemistry物理化学Physics Chemistry有机化学organic Chemistry分析化学Analytical Chemistry现代仪器分析Modern Instrumental Analysis现代波谱学Modern Spectroscopy化学计量学Chemistries现代食品分析Modern Methods of Food Analysis天然产物化学Natural Product Chemistry天然药物化学Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry现代环境分析与监测Analysis and Monitoring of Environment Pollution现代科学前沿选论Literature on Frontiers of Modern Science and Technology 计算机在分析化学的应用Computer Application in Analytical Chemistry现代仪器分析技术Modern Instrument Analytical Technique分离科学Separation Science高等环境微生物Advanced Environmental Microorganism海洋资源利用与开发Utilization & Development of Ocean Resources立体化学Stereochemistry高等发光分析Advanced Luminescence Analysis激光光谱分析Laser Spectroscopy Analysis保健食品监督评价Evaluation and Supervision on Health Food s生物电化学Bioelectrochemistry现代技术与中药Modern Technology and Traditional Chinese Medicine高等有机化学Advanced organic Chemistry中药新药研究与开发Study and Exploitation of Traditional Chinese Medicine 药物化学研究方法Pharmaceutical Chemical Research Methods废水处理工程Technology of Wastewater Treatment生物与化学传感技术Biosensors & Chemical Sensors现代分析化学研究方法Research Methods of Modern Analytical Chemistry 神经生物学Neurobiology动物遗传工程Animal Genetic Engineering动物免疫学Animal Immunology动物病害学基础Basis of Animal Disease受体生物化学Receptor Biochemistry动物生理与分子生物学Animal Physiology and Molecular Biochemistry分析生物化学Analytical Biochemistry学科前沿讲座Lectures on Frontiers of the Discipline微生物学Microbiology细胞生物学Cell Biology生理学Physiology电生理技术基础Basics of Electrophysiological Technology生理学Physiology生物化学Biochemistry高级水生生物学Advanced Aquatic Biology藻类生理生态学Ecological Physiology in Algae水生动物生理生态学Physiological Ecology of Aquatic Animal水域生态学Aquatic Ecology水生态毒理学Aquatic Ecotoxicology水生生物学研究进展Advance on Aquatic Biology 水环境生态学模型Models of Water Quality藻类生态学Ecology in Algae生物数学Biological Mathematics植物生理生化Plant Biochemistry水质分析方法Water Quality Analysis水产养殖学Aquaculture环境生物学Environmental Biology专业文献综述Review on Special Information分子生物学Molecular Biology学科前沿讲座Lectures on Frontiers of the Discipline 植物学Botany动物学Zoology普通生态学General Ecology生物统计学Biological Statistics分子遗传学Molecular Genetics基因工程原理Principles of Gene Engineering高级生物化学Advanced Biochemistry基因工程技术Technique for Gene Engineering基因诊断Gene Diagnosis基因组学Genomics医学遗传学Medical Genetics免疫遗传学Immunogenetics基因工程药物学Pharmacology of Gene Engineering 高级生化技术Advanced Biochemical Technique基因治疗Gene Therapy肿瘤免疫学Tumor Immunology免疫学Immunology免疫化学技术Methods for Immunological Chemistry 毒理遗传学Toxicological Genetics分子病毒学Molecular Virology分子生物学技术Protocols in Molecular Biology神经免疫调节Neuroimmunology普通生物学Biology生物化学技术Biochemical Technique分子生物学Molecular Biology生殖生理与生殖内分泌Reproductive Physiology & Reproductive Endocrinology生殖免疫学Reproductive Immunology发育生物学原理与实验技术Principle and Experimental Technology of Development 免疫学Immunology蛋白质生物化学技术Biochemical Technology of Protein受精的分子生物学Molecular Biology of Fertilization免疫化学技术Immunochemical Technology低温生物学原理与应用Principle & Application of Cryobiology不育症的病因学Etiology of Infertility分子生物学Molecular Biology生物化学Biochemistry分析生物化学Analytical Biochemistry医学生物化学Medical Biochemistry医学分子生物学Medical Molecular Biology医学生物化学技术Techniques of Medical Biochemistry生化与分子生物学进展Progresses in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology高级植物生理生化Advanced Plant Physiology and Biochemistry拟南芥—结构与发育Arabidopsis-Structure and Development开花的艺术Art of Flowering蛋白质结构基础Principle of Protein Structure生活在美国Living in America分子进化工程Engineering of Molecular Evolution生物工程下游技术Downstream Technique of Biotechnology仪器分析Instrumental Analysis临床检验与诊断Clinical Check-up & Diagnosis 药理学Pharmacology。
法学 Law Study英语 English日语 Japanese信息与计算科学 Information and Computation Science应用物理学 Applied Physics冶金工程 Metallurgical Engineering金属材料工程 Metallic Materials Engineering无机非金属材料 Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials材料成型及控制工程 Material Formation and controlEngineering高分子材料与工程 Multimolecular Materials and Engineering工业设计 Industrial Disign建筑学 Architecture城市规划 City Planning艺术设计 Artistical Disign包装工程 Packaging Engineering机械设计制造及自动化Machine Disign,Manufacturing,and Automation热能与动力工程 Thermal and Power Engineering水利水电工程 WaterConservance and Electro-power Engineering测控技术与仪器 Technique and Instrumentation of Measurements电气工程及其自动化 Electric Engineering and its Automation自动化 Automation通信工程 Communication Engineering电子信息科学与技术 Sience and Technology of Electronic Information 计算机科学与技术 Computer Sience and Technology土木工程 Civil Engineering工程管理 Project Management给水排水工程 Water Supply and Sewage Engineering建筑环境与设备工程 Constructional Environment and Equipment Engineering 过程装备与控制工程 Processing Units and Control Engineering环境工程 Environmental Engineering化学工程与工艺 Chemacal Engineering and Technology安全工程 Safty Engineering工商管理 Industrial and Commercial Management市场营销 Market Management and Sales会计学 Accounting旅游管理 Tourism Management信息管理与信息系统 Information Management and System金融学 Finance国际经济与贸易 International Economy and Trade食品科学与工程 Food Sience and Engineering生物工程 Biological Engineering纺织工程 Textile Engineering建筑环境与设备工程、Constructional Environment and Equipment Engineering 过程装备与控制工程、Processing Units and Control Engineering现代家政学、 Modern Domestic Science运动训练科学系、 Sports Train Science食品营养与检测、 Food Nutrition and Detect国际新闻、 International News体育健康教育系 Sports Health Education哲学 Philosophy马克思主义哲学 Philosophy of Marxism中国哲学 Chinese Philosophy外国哲学 Foreign Philosophies逻辑学 Logic伦理学 Ethics美学 Aesthetics宗教学 Science of Religion科学技术哲学 Philosophy of Science and Technology经济学 Economics理论经济学 Theoretical Economics政治经济学 Political Economy经济思想史 History of Economic Thought经济史 History of Economic西方经济学 Western Economics世界经济 World Economics人口、资源与环境经济学 Population, Resources and Environmental Economics应用经济学 Applied Economics国民经济学 National Economics区域经济学 Regional Economics财政学（含税收学） Public Finance (including Taxation)金融学（含保险学） Finance (including Insurance)产业经济学 Industrial Economics国际贸易学 International Trade劳动经济学 Labor Economics统计学 Statistics数量经济学 Quantitative Economics中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称国防经济学 National Defense Economics法学 Law法学 Science of Law法学理论 Jurisprudence法律史 Legal History宪法学与行政法学 Constitutional Law and Administrative Law 刑法学 Criminal Jurisprudence民商法学(含劳动法学、社会保障法学) Civil Law and Commercial Law (including Science of Labour Law and Science of Social Security Law )诉讼法学 Science of Procedure Laws经济法学 Science of Economic Law环境与资源保护法学 Science of Environment and Natural Resources Protection Law国际法学(含国际公法学、国际私法学、国际经济法学、) International law (including International Public law, International Private Law and International Economic Law)军事法学 Science of Military Law政治学 Political Science政治学理论 Political Theory中外政治制度 Chinese and Foreign Political Institution科学社会主义与国际共产主义运动 Scientific Socialism and InternationalCommunist Movement中*史(含党的学说与党的建设) History of the Communist Party of China(including the Doctrine of China Party and Party Building) 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育 Education of Marxist Theory and Education in Ideology and Politics国际政治学 International Politics国际关系学 International Relations外交学 Diplomacy社会学 Sociology社会学 Sociology人口学 Demography人类学 Anthropology民俗学(含中国民间文学) Folklore (including Chinese Folk Literature)民族学 Ethnology民族学 Ethnology马克思主义民族理论与政策 Marxist Ethnic Theory and Policy 中国少数民族经济 Chinese Ethnic Economics中国少数民族史 Chinese Ethnic History中国少数民族艺术 Chinese Ethnic Art教育学 Education教育学 Education Science教育学原理 Educational Principle课程与教学论 Curriculum and Teaching Methodology教育史 History of Education比较教育学 Comparative Education学前教育学 Pre-school Education高等教育学 Higher Education成人教育学 Adult Education职业技术教育学 Vocational and Technical Education特殊教育学 Special Education教育技术学 Education Technology心理学 Psychology基础心理学 Basic Psychology发展与心理学 Developmental and Educational Psychology应用心理学 Applied Psychology体育学 Science of Physical Culture and Sports体育人文社会学 Humane and Sociological Science of Sports 运动人体科学 Human Movement Science体育教育训练学 Theory of Sports Pedagogy and Training民族传统体育学 Science of Ethnic Traditional Sports文学 Literature中国语言文学 Chinese Literature文艺学 Theory of Literature and Art语言学及应用语言学 Linguistics and Applied Linguistics汉语言文字学 Chinese Philology中国古典文献学 Study of Chinese Classical Text中国古代文学 Ancient Chinese Literature中国现当代文学 Modern and Contemporary Chinese Literature 中国少数民族语言文学 Chinese Ethnic Language and Literature比较文学与世界文学 Comparative Literature and World Literature外国语言文学 Foreign Languages and Literatures英语语言文学 English Language and Literature俄语语言文学 Russian Language and Literature法语语言文学 French Language and Literature德语语言文学 German Language and Literature日语语言文学 Japanese Language and Literature印度语言文学 Indian Language and Literature西班牙语语言文学 Spanish Language and Literature阿拉伯语语言文学 Arabic Language and Literature欧洲语言文学 European Language and Literature亚非语言文学 Asian-African Language and Literature外国语言学及应用语言学 Linguistics and Applied Linguistics in Foreign Languages新闻传播学 Journalism and Communication新闻学 Journalism传播学 Communication艺术学 Art艺术学 Art Theory音乐学 Music美术学 Fine Arts设计艺术学 Artistic Design戏剧戏曲学 Theater and Chinese Traditional Opera电影学 Film广播电视艺术学 Radio and television Art舞蹈学 Dance历史学 History历史学 History史学理论及史学史 Historical Theories and History of Historical Science考古学及博物馆学 Archaeology and Museology历史地理学 Historical Geography历史文献学(含敦煌学、古文字学) Studies of Historical Literature (includingPaleography and Studies of Dunhuang)专门史 History of Particular Subjects中国古代史 Ancient Chinese History中国近现代史 Modern and Contemporary Chinese History世界史 World History理学 Natural Science数学 Mathematics基础数学 Fundamental Mathematics计算数学 Computational Mathematics概率论与数理统计 Probability and Mathematical Statistics 应用数学 Applied mathematics运筹学与控制论 Operational Research and Cybernetics物理学 Physics理论物理 Theoretical Physics粒子物理与原子核物理 Particle Physics and Nuclear Physics原子与分子物理 Atomic and Molecular Physics等离子体物理 Plasma Physics凝聚态物理 Condensed Matter Physics声学 Acoustics光学 Optics无线电物理 Radio Physics化学 Chemistry无机化学 Inorganic Chemistry分析化学 Analytical Chemistry有机化学 Organic Chemistry物理化学（含化学物理） Physical Chemistry (including Chemical Physics)高分子化学与物理 Chemistry and Physics of Polymers天文学 Astronomy天体物理 Astrophysics天体测量与天体力学 Astrometry and Celestial Mechanics地理学 Geography自然地理学 Physical Geography人文地理学 Human Geography地图学与地理信息系统 Cartography and Geography Information System大气科学 Atmospheric Sciences气象学 Meteorology大气物理学与大气环境 Atmospheric Physics and Atmospheric Environment海洋科学 Marine Sciences物理海洋学 Physical Oceanography海洋化学 Marine Chemistry海洋生理学 Marine Biology海洋地质学 Marine Geology地球物理学 Geophysics固体地球物理学 Solid Earth Physics空间物理学 Space Physics地质学 Geology矿物学、岩石学、矿床学 Mineralogy, Petrology, Mineral Deposit Geology地球化学 Geochemistry古生物学与地层学（含古人类学） Paleontology and Stratigraphy (including Paleoanthropology)构造地质学 Structural Geology第四纪地质学 Quaternary Geology生物学 Biology植物学 Botany动物学 Zoology生理学 Physiology水生生物学 Hydrobiology微生物学 Microbiology神经生物学 Neurobiology遗传学 Genetics发育生物学 Developmental Biology细胞生物学 Cell Biology生物化学与分子生物学 Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 生物物理学 Biophysics生态学 Ecology系统科学 Systems Science系统理论 Systems Theory系统分析与集成 Systems Analysis and Integration科学技术史 History of Science and Technology工学 Engineering力学 Mechanics一般力学与力学基础 General and Fundamental Mechanics固体力学 Solid Mechanics流体力学 Fluid Mechanics工程力学 Engineering Mechanics机械工程 Mechanical Engineering机械制造及其自动化 Mechanical Manufacture and Automation 机械电子工程 Mechatronic Engineering机械设计与理论 Mechanical Design and Theory车辆工程 Vehicle Engineering光学工程 Optical Engineering仪器科学与技术 Instrument Science and Technology精密仪器及机械 Precision Instrument and Machinery测试计量技术及仪器 Measuring and Testing Technologies and Instruments材料科学与工程 Materials Science and Engineering材料物理与化学 Materials Physics and Chemistry材料学 Materialogy材料加工工程 Materials Processing Engineering冶金工程 Metallurgical Engineering冶金物理化学 Physical Chemistry of Metallurgy钢铁冶金 Ferrous Metallurgy有色金属冶金 Non-ferrous Metallurgy动力工程及工程热物理 Power Engineering and Engineering Thermophysics工程热物理 Engineering Thermophysics热能工程 Thermal Power Engineering动力机械及工程 Power Machinery and Engineering流体机械及工程 Fluid Machinery and Engineering制冷及低温工程 Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering化工过程机械 Chemical Process Equipment电气工程 Electrical Engineering电机与电器 Electric Machines and Electric Apparatus电力系统及其自动化 Power System and its Automation高电压与绝缘技术 High Voltage and Insulation Technology 电力电子与电力传动 Power Electronics and Power Drives电工理论与新技术 Theory and New Technology of Electrical Engineering电子科学与技术 Electronics Science and Technology物理电子学 Physical Electronics电路与系统 Circuits and Systems微电子学与固体电子学 Microelectronics and Solid State Electronics电磁场与微波技术 Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Technology信息与通信工程 Information and Communication Engineering 通信与信息系统 Communication and Information Systems信号与信息处理 Signal and Information Processing控制科学与工程 Control Science and Engineering控制理论与控制工程 Control Theory and Control Engineering检测技术与自动化装置 Detection Technology and Automatic Equipment系统工程 Systems Engineering模式识别与智能系统 Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Systems导航、制导与控制 Navigation, Guidance and Control计算机科学与技术 Computer Science and Technology计算机软件与理论 Computer Software and Theory计算机系统结构 Computer Systems Organization计算机应用技术 Computer Applied Technology建筑学 Architecture建筑历史与理论 Architectural History and Theory建筑设计及其理论 Architectural Design and Theory城市规划与设计（含风景园林规划与设计） Urban Planning and Design (including Landscape Planning and Design)建筑技术科学 Building Technology Science土木工程 Civil Engineering岩土工程 Geotechnical Engineering结构工程 Structural Engineering市政工程 Municipal Engineering供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程 Heating, Gas Supply, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Engineering防灾减灾工程及防护工程 Disaster Prevention and Reduction Engineering and Protective Engineering桥梁与隧道工程 Bridge and Tunnel Engineering水利工程 Hydraulic Engineering水文学及水资源 Hydrology and Water Resources水力学及河流动力学 Hydraulics and River Dynamics水工结构工程 Hydraulic 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——电材专业英语课文翻译Semiconductor Materials• 1.1 Energy Bands and Carrier Concentration• 1.1.1 Semiconductor Materials•Solid-state materials can be grouped into three classes—insulators(绝缘体）, semiconductors, and conductors. Figure 1-1 shows the electrical conductivities δ(and the corresponding resistivities ρ≡1/δ)associated with(相关）some important materials in each of three classes. Insulators such as fused（熔融）quartz and glass have very low conductivities, in the order of 1E-18 to 1E-8 S/cm;固态材料可分为三种：绝缘体、半导体和导体。
图1－1 给出了在三种材料中一些重要材料相关的电阻值（相应电导率ρ≡1/δ)。
绝缘体如熔融石英和玻璃具有很低电导率，在10-18 到10-8 S/cm;and conductors such as aluminum and silver have high conductivities, typically from 104 to 106 S/cm. Semiconductors have conductivities between those of insulators and those of conductors. The conductivity of a semiconductor is generally sensitive to temperature, illumination（照射）, magnetic field, and minute amount of impurity atoms. This sensitivity in conductivity makes the semiconductor one of the most important materials for electronic applications.导体如铝和银有高的电导率，典型值从104到106S/cm;而半导体具有的电导率介乎于两者之间。
20190611CUIT各部门教学专业中英文名称一、教学部门二、机关部处三、产业与产业部门四、职务职称及专业五、其它教育类相关词汇培养独立分析问题和解决问题的能力to cultivate the ability to analyze and solve concrete problems independently 毕业论文thesis/ dissertation成绩单transcript奖学金scholarship旁听生auditor人才talent授予...学位confer..degree校友alumnus/alumna住宿生boarder注册人数enrollment专业major/specialty百分制100-mark system /percentage making system办学效益efficiency in school management必修课required/compulsory course毕业典礼graduation ceremony / commencement毕业鉴定graduation appraisal毕业证书diploma /graduation certificate博士后科研流动站center for post-doctoral studies补考make-up examination财政拨款financial allocation差生underachievers / exceptional students/a below average student大专three-year higher education program /junior college program代课教师 a substitute teacher德才兼备combine ability with character/equal stress on integrity and ability德、智、体、美、劳全面发展all-round development of moral/intellectual/physical/aesthetics and labor education发挥学生主动性、创造性give scope to the students’ initiative and creativeness分校 a branch school高等教育higher education公益性文化事业non-profit cultural undertakings国家助学金state stipend/subsidy函授学院correspondence school纪律和法制教育education in discipline and the legal system教学大纲teaching program /syllabus教职员teaching and administrative staff课程表school timetable课外活动extracurricular activities理工科大学college/university of science and engineering领取奖学金的学生grant-aided student留级repeat the year’s work / to stay down母校alma mater培养大批高素质人才bring up high-caliber talents培养独立分析和解决问题的能力cultivate the ability to analyze and solve concrete problems independently培养人才nurture human talents培养学生自学能力foster the students’ ability to study on their own双学士制 a double BA degree system文化交流活动cultural exchange activities西学东渐、东学西渐the movement of Eastern learning spreading to the West and Western learning spreading to the East雄厚的教资力量 a strong teaching staff选修课elective/optional course学分制the credit system学历record of formal schooling学年school/ academic year学生会students’ union /association学术报告会symposium学习成绩academic/school record学习年限period of schooling因材施教teach students according to their aptitude应届毕业生graduating student应试教育exam-oriented education重点学科key disciplinary areas or priority fields of study综合性大学comprehensive university毕业证书graduation certificate博士后post doctor大学一年级freshman / first-year student大学二年级sophomore/second-year student大学三年级junior/third-year student大学四年级senior/fourth-year student大专生junior college student工商管理硕士Master of Business Administration教学法pedagogy品学兼优excellent in character and learning文/理学博士Doctor of Arts/ Science学位证书degree certificate。
