在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试卷习题.doc

2023年在职硕士联考英语真题试题及答案(A卷)Part I Dialogue CommunicationSection A1.Man: Jane, you won’t believe it. I won the lottery.Woman: __________.Man: No, it’s true. When I found out, I was shocked.A.So what?B.Does it really count?C.Are you putting me on?D.Immagine that!2. Man: It’s raining cats and dogs outside. Did you remember to bring the umbrella?Woman: Oops. __________.A.everything is fineB.you can count on meC.it’ll clear up soonD.it slipped my mind this morning3. Man: ________. How can I possibly review all this material by next week?Woman: Take it easy. I’ll help you with it.A.I’m going crazy!B.Can’t wait.C.I’m glad it’s finally over.D.What a load off!4. Man: G et a move on. We need to be at the airport in an hour.Woman: Come on! There’s plenty of time. Remember, we’re going on this trip to relax, __________.A.we’re in the same boat.B.not the other way aroundC.so let’s goD.so forget it5. Wife: Can you come over here please? Which one is better?Husband: __________.Wife: Come on, can’t you make u p your mind for once?A.I have no ideaB.I have nothong more to sayC.I don’t careD.I don’t like itSection B6. Man: I heard you’ve got a wonderful job in a post office. How is your new job going?Woman: I just feel like a fish out of water.Question: What does the woman feel about her new job?A.she is satisfied with itB.she feels uncomfortable itC.she feels it’s her dream come trueD.she finds it demanding7. Man: Hi, Linda. Are you going to teach after you graduate from that university?Woman: Where did you get the idea like that?Question: What can be concluded about Linda?A: She has no desire to teachB. She likes teaching very muchC. She has no idea about teachingD. She may choose to teach8. Man: Why, you have to ask your parents to pay your rent?Woman: Well, I am unable to make ends meet.Question: What do we know about the woman?A: She is unable to manage her moneyB. She can’t g et her parents to pay her rent.C. She can’t help her parents outD. She is financially in trouble9. Man: Ken and Sandra hope to sell their houses for $3 million.Woman: Yeah. They always think big.Question: What does the woman think of Ken and Sandra’s plan?A.It’s worth trying.B.It’s realistic.C.It’s not going to work.D.It’s ridiculous.10. Man: Excuse me. Do you need some help?Woman: Well… I’m trying to get to the railway station. But I can’t make heads or tails of this ticket machine.Question: What is the woman’s problem?A.She doesn’t have the small change with her.B.She doesn’t know how to use the machine.C.She is not sure how much the trip will costD.She is unable to get the ticket in time.Part II11. Discipline cannot be ______ until the last day of school has passed.A. lessenedB. reducedC. relaxedD. lowered12. some people argue that _____ regulations for water pollution will drive up costs and put jobs at risk.A. firmB. tightC. tenseD. close13. To keep her job, she has to ______ the bad temper of her boss.A. put up withB. take up onC. make up forD. come up with14. Student journalists are taught how to be ______ when writing in a limited space.A. convincingB. briefC. appealingD. expressive15. The discussion was so _____ that at intervals the speakersstopped for refreshments.A. exhaustedB. exhaustingC. excitedD. exciting16. The popularity of these schools is growing steadly _____ their tuition fees.A. instead ofB. in favor ofC. in spite ofD. in place of17. It is often not easy to _______ the marked generation gap which exists between the young and their elders.A. broadenB. breakC. bridgeD. build18. The drive from England to Scotland provides the tourist with many pleasant changes of ______.A. sceneryB. sightC. perspectiveD. scene19. This ambitious project, ______ scores of organizations around the world, will take at least ten years to be acomplished.A. indicatingB. composingC. containingD. involing20. Because of the popularity of the region, visitors are advised to book hotels _____.A. in orderB. in personC. in turnD. in advance21. He purposely ignored her call beca use he just didn’t feel like ______.A. disturbingB. to disturbC. being disturbedD. to be disturbed22. Do you really think Bill will help you write the report? Don’t count your chickens ____ they are hatched.A. asB. afterC. beforeD. while23. If you want a thing _____ well, do it yourself.A. doneB. doingC. to doD. being done24. The committee members agreed to the proposal that theissue _____ to immediate voting.A. is to be putB. be putC. should putD. must be put25. So loudly ______ that even people in the next room could hear him.A. did he speakB. does he speakC. he spokeD. he speaks26. To master a foreign language like French requires hard work, so you ____ study too hard.A. shouldB. mustC. can’tD. may not27. Gaining a new customer costs _____ keeping an old one.A. as many as five timesB. five times as many asC. as much as five timesD. five times as much as28. People with glasses are perceived to be up to ten IQ pointsmore intelligent than ____.A. those withoutB. that withoutC. these withoutD. one without29. Reading books, _____ takes the reader to other worlds, is a wonderful way to “escape”.A. thatB. whatC. asD. which30. Take 60mg up to four times a day, _____ advised otherwise by a doctor.A. ifB. untilC. thoughD. unlessPart III Reading ComprehensionPart III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A,B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage OneThe rich have traditionally passed their wealth on to their children. But an increasing number of billionaires are choosing not to. The reason? They want their children to live on themselves—and not to turn into spoiled successors.Nicola Horlick or “supermum”, a famous British billionaire, owing to fact that she has high-flying jobs and five kids has spent her career making a reported £250m. She now seems determined to throw off large parts of it. She already gives away about 25% of her income each year; she has just revealed, in a report on the state of charity in the city, that she will not be leaving most of the remainder to her children. “I think it is wrong to give too much inherited wealth to children,” Horlick told the report’s authors. “I w ill not be leaving all my wealth to my children because that would just ruin their lives.”She is by no means the first to go public with this conviction. Bill Gates has put an estimated $30bn into the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. This was supplemented, in 2023, by another $24bn or so from his friend Warren Buffett.Buffett has always been colorful, quotably clear on where he stands. His daughter often tells a story of finding herself without change for a car parking ticket—her father lent her $20, then promptly made her write him a check. “To suggest that the children of the wealthy should be just as wealthy,” he has said, “is like saying the members of America’s 2023 Olympic team should be made up only of the children of the 1980 Olympic team.”Anita Roddick, the late founder of the Body Shop, told her kids that they would not inherit one penny. The money that she made from the company would go into the Body Shop Foundation, which isn’t one of those awful tax shelters, like some in America. It just functions to take themoney and give it away.31.The billionaires mentioned in the passage don’t want toleave much of their wealth to their children because ________.A. they prefer to give their wealth to charityB. they want their business to go on healthilyC. they believe too much wealth will harm their childrenD. they hope their children can make more money themselves32.What do we learn about Nicola Horlick?A.She has already given away about 25% of her wealth.B.She is the first one who declares to give away her wealth.C.She will leave only a small portion of her wealth to her kids.D.She inherited most of her wealth from her parents.33.Buffett distinguishes himself for ________.A.his clear-cut positionB.being strict with his childrenC.his talent in financial managementD.being a giant in the stock market34.According to Buffett’s daughter, her father ________.A.refuses to lend her moneyB.wants her to invest in the Olympic GamesC.never gives her more money than necessaryD.always makes sure that she returns his money35.It is implied in the last paragraph that some foundations are used by the rich to ________.A.provide shelter for the poorB.build good fameC.avoid paying taxD.support their businessPassage TwoIt is football time again. Currently, the qualifying rounds are being played to decide which countries will send teams to the 2023 World Cup. Soccer is becoming more and more popular on a worldwide scale and these qualifying legs are causing much excitement.The game is popular at club level as well. Many fans go every week to support their team, whether the event is a home or away one, hoping to get a result. They all hope an attacking game, with a lot of goals being scored. Obviously, they do not want to see a boring, defensive match where the players are aimlessly passing the ball to each other.Sadly, not all the action always takes place on the ground. All too frequently, there is action in the stands, too. Football supporters, most of whom declare their loyalty by wearing their team’s colours, in the form of shirts, are not known for their quiet behaviour. They are often very noisy,shouting noisy encouragement to their team and singing deafening songs.There is much rivalry between supporters. Mostly, this is good-natured, but trouble can easily arise. Fans get angry if they feel that a referee has made a wrong decision, perhaps giving one of their team a red or yellow card unfairly, or perhaps failing to notice a foul (犯规) committed by a member of the other team.When trouble breaks out in a football crowd, it can be difficult to control. Stadium officials often seat the opposing fans in separate parts of the ground as a precaution against fighting. However, preventing trouble is more difficult outside the ground. In the worst cases, riot police have to be called in.Unfortunately, there are some fans who enjoy this violent aspect of football. These football hooligans (流氓) really enjoy a running battle with the police, and call up other people to throw stones and bottles at them. Theyregard football not as a sport, but as an excuse for troublemaking. Inevitably, their behaviour spoils the reputation of the game.36.The qualifying rounds are played to _______.A.attract soccer fansB.select the best teams for the next roundsC.raise funds for the organizersD.decide which players are the best37.What do the football fans hope to see?A.A home game.B.A defensive game.C.An evenly matched game.D.An exciting game.38.Fans get angry when they think _______.A.the referee is unfairB.their team is losingC.their team is not playing wellD.there is an intentional foul39.Riot police are called in _______.A.to separate the opposing fans inside the groundB.as a precaution against trouble inside the groundC.to stop fighting occurring outside the groundD.as a precaution against fighting outside the ground40.It is implied in the last paragraph that _______.A.football fans enjoy spoiling gamesB.football hooligans are crazy about the gamesC.football can be an excuse for troublemakingD.football has a poor reputationPassage ThreeOur sense of smell, which we normally take for granted, is nowadays being increasingly used for purposes which might surprise us if we were aware of them. Onearea in which smells are created to achieve particular results is marketing. For some time manufacturers have taken advantage of our sense of smell with regard to household goods. Millions of dollars are spent on product research in the hunt for the right smell as it is believed perfume influences the way consumers perceive a brand. In a survey in the United States, when people were asked what was the most important factor in their choice of detergent (洗衣粉), smell was rated highly, above ingredients and price.Now stores are becoming even more direct in their use of smell. The smell of fresh bread in a supermarket tends to encourage people to buy, and people selling their houses are recommended to have coffee being heated when potential buyers arrive. Suddenly smell is becoming big business. One company specializing in the use of smells to attract customers now has many large stores on its own list of customers. They find that when pleasant smells are filtered through a store’s air conditioning system, people tend tospend longer in the store and buy more.Research shows that smells can increase people’s view of the value of a product. In a test, people looked at the same types of shoes in two rooms—one filled with purified air, the other with a smell of mixed flowers. 84% of the people preferred the shoes in the room with the smell of flowers. In fact, many said they would be prepared to pay up to US$10 more for a pair.Smells also have other potential uses. Some companies are experimenting with different smells to produce different effects in their workers according to the time of day. For example, early in the morning they might put the smell of lemon in the air conditioning system to wake people up. In the middle of the morning, when the atmosphere tends to become more tense, the smell of wood could be used to calm people down. Before lunchtime the smell of melting butter would encourage people to go to lunch on time. After lunch, when people often begin to lose concentration, thesmell of mint (薄荷) would increase their alertness.41.Which is the most appropriate title for the passage?A.How to avoid being affected by smellsing smells to influence peopleC.The power of our sense of smellD.New smells in supermarkets42.In the survey, when selecting detergent, people considered smell ________.A.not importantB.as important as priceC.less important than ingredientsD.more important than price43.To attract more customers, some large stores ________.A.employ a company specializing in the use of smellsB.provide free coffee for themC.filter purified air through air conditioningD.decorate themselves with fresh flowers44.The majority of people in the test (Para. 3) preferred ________.A.the smell of shoes to that of flowersB.the smell of flowers to that of shoesC.the shoes in the room with purified airD.the shoes in the room with appealing smells45.To produce a calming effect, some companies use thesmell of ________.A.lemonB.woodC.melting butterD.mintPassage FourThe First Rule of Finance is to live within your means by spending no more than 80% of your take-home pay. If you take home $100 per week, spend no more than $80.But ever look at what people spend their money on? I have relatives and friends deeply in debt, spending $12 forevery $10 they earn instead of the $8 you know they should be spending. When I see them, they’re proud of their new whatever. “What do you think of my new truck?” asked one from the driver’s seat. “Do you like my new shoes?” asked another on high heels. “Check out my new big screen,” said a third while holding the remote in his living room. We’ve all heard people fishing for compliments on their new toys.Every one of them was proud of what they’d finance d. They seem to have bought it for the purpose of being proud, of showing off, of keeping up with the Joneses. “Look at my new…” is everybody’s favorite phrase, even when the object in question isn’t theirs at all and won’t be new when they’ve finally paid for it, if they ever do.They’re proud of being stupid. They think it’s cool to drive the financed car, wear the financed shoes, and watch the financed TV, but to smart people, whose opinions are the only ones we should respect, these people look dumb as rocks.The Joneses, nine times out of 10, are financially stupid. That’s why they have all that stuff, on borrowed money. Why try to copy them? Worse, why try to impress them? Copy and impress smart people, the ones who own their stuff. If you want to impress smart people, debt is the last way to go about it. Trying to impress a money-smart person by going into debt is like trying to impress Olympic swimming champion Michael Phelps by drowning in a pool. Michael Phelps is impressed by good swimming, and a money-smart person by good money management.46.According to the author, the new truck, shoes and bigscreen mentioned in Para. 2 are ________.A.indicators of wealthB.necessities to the buyersC.just a waste of moneyD.examples of showing off47.“… the object in question isn’t theirs” (Para. 2) means ______.A.it is bought for other peopleB.it is bought with loaned moneyC.it will finally be owned by the bankD.it will finally be owned by the buyers48.According to the author, buying new objects on borrowed money is ________.A.unwiseB.shamefulC.understandableD.impressive49.“Smart people” in the last paragraph refer to ________.A.clever businessmenB.people with high IQsC.fashionable wealthy peopleD.people good at money management50.The purpose of this passage is to ________.A.show sympathy with poor consumersB.criticize consumption of luxuriesC.advise people to become money-smartD.persuade people to keep off fashionsPart IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.There is one fairly standard reason why some thinkers regard the meaning-of-life question as being itself meaningless. They argue __51___ meaning is a matter of language, not objects. It is a __52__ of the way we talk about things, not a feature of things themselves, __53___ shape, weight or color. A cabbage or a computer is not meaningful in itself; it becomes __54___ only by being caught up in our conversation. On this theory, we can make life __55__ by our talk about it; but it cannot have a meaning in itself, __56___ than a cloud can. It would not __57__ sense, for example, to speak of a cloud as being true or false. ___58__, truth and falsehood are functions ofour humman judgements about clouds. However, there are problems with this argument, __59___ there are with most philosophical arguments. We shall be __60___ a few of them later on.51. A. that B. how C. if D. what52. A. means B. question C. problem D. method53. A. with B. for C. like D. as54. A. this B. that C. such D. so55. A. rich B. important C. meaningful D. colorful56. A. not more B. far moreC. much moreD. any more57. A. make B. bring C. take D. give58. A. Hence B. Rather C. Still D. Therefore59. A. when B. since C. as D. for60. A. writing about B. hunting forC. listening toD. looking at英语试卷二Part V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.Human friends may come and go, but a horse could be one of your most loyal, long-term friends if you treat it right.Horses understand words better than expected, since horses can hear the human voice better than even dogs can, due to their particular range of hearing. And scientists predict that trainers could have greater success if they use more verbal commands in their horse training programs.Horses possess excellent memories, which allow horses to not only recall their human friends after a long period of separation but also to remember some complex human instructions for ten years or more. The bonds with humans are likely an extension of horse behavior in the wild, since horsesvalue their own horse relatives and friends, and are also open to new, non-threatening acquaintances. Horses maintain long-term bonds with several members of their family group, but they also interact temporarily with members of other groups when forming herds.Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words on the topic of “The Country I Would Like to Visit”. You may base your composition on the clues given below:1.假如有机会到国外度假两周，你会选择哪个国家?2.请至少给出三个理由。

在职攻读硕士联考英语-18(总分100, 做题时间90分钟)Part Ⅰ Dialogue CommunicationSection A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue.1.Speaker A: I'm going to the park with some friends for a barbecue on Sunday. Would you like to join us?Speaker B: ______SSS_SINGLE_SELA Why not on Saturday? You see, I have an important appointment on Sunday.B Thanks, but unfortunately I have to take my sister to the airport on Sunday.C That's a wonderful idea. Barbecue is one of my favorites.D What preparation do you expect me to do for the barbecue?该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:BA方邀请B方周日一起去公园烧烤，B项先表示感谢，然后解释周日另有安排，婉转地谢绝，符合这一情景下的交际惯例，是正确答案。

2.Speaker A: Hello, is that Steve? I'm stuck in a traffic jam. I'm afraid I can't make it before seven o'clock.Speaker B: ______SSS_SINGLE_SELA OK, but I still hope you'll try your best to arrive on time.B Yes. The traffic is very heavy because it's the rush hour.C Why don't you leave home a bit earlier?D Never mind. I'll be here waiting for you.该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:DA方的话表明，他因交通阻塞而不能及时赶到B方所在处，正在半路上通过手机向B方解释。

2012MPA英语真题绝密★启用前□□2012年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试卷 A Part I Dialogue Communication ( 15 minutes, 15 points)Part II Vocabulary and Structure ( 20 minutes, 10 points)Part III Reading Comprehension( 40 minutes, 40 points)Part IV Cloze Test( 15 minutes, 10 points)考生须知1．本考试分试卷一和试卷二两部分，试卷一满分75 分，考试时间为90 分钟，14：30 开始，16：00 结束；试卷二满分25 分，考试时间为60 分钟，16：00 开始，17：00结束。

2．本试卷一为A 型试卷，请将答案用2B 铅笔填涂为A 型答题卡上，答在其它类型答题卡或试卷上的无效。

答题前，请核对答题卡是否为A 卡。

若不是，请要求监考人员予以更换。

3．在答题卡上正确的填涂方法为：在答案所代表的字母上划线，如：[A] [B] [C] [D]。

4．监考人员宣布试卷一考试结束后，请停止答试卷一，将试卷一和答题卡反扣在自己的桌面上，继续做试卷二，监考人员将到座位上收取试卷一和答题卡。

5. 监考人员收卷过程中，考生须配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证上签字（作为考生交卷的凭据）。

否则，若发生答卷遗失，责任由考生自负。

2012英语试卷—A 第1页共15页Part I Dialogue Communication (15 minutes, 15 points)Section A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1、Speaker A:I am so glad I caught you at home. I need your help!Speaker B: ________, Robin?A. Can IB. Do youC. What’s thatD. What’s up2、Speaker A:I don’t have the slightest idea what you want to say.Speaker B: You don’t have to.________A. Forget it.B. Just follow my lead.C. I’ll say it later.D. If only you wanted to.3、Speaker A: Nobody listened to whatI have to say. I feel like a fool.Speaker B: Don’t worry._______A. I’m with you.B. I like you.C. They are fools themselves.D. They are no better.4、Speaker A: Oh, hi Dr. Hill. Can I discuss my grade on my term paper with you now?Speaker B: Sure.________A. What seems to be the problem?B. That seems to be a mistake.C.I really appreciate it.D. Could I check back with you later?5、Speaker A: Mr. Jacob, you are a great help. How can I pay you back?Speaker B: OK, you buy me a coffee,________.A. and there is no problemB. and we are evenC. and you’ll feel betterD. and I won’t say anythin g2012英语试卷—A 第2页共15页Section B Dialogue Comprehension Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the four choices given and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.6、Woman: Mr. Simpson, all the department managers are here except John.Man: Let’s get the meeting rol ling.Question: What does the man mean?A. Cancel the meetingB. Start the meetingC. Put the meeting offD. Continue the meeting7、Woman: Protecting the environmentshould be on the agenda ofevery one of us.Man: You took the words right out of my mouth.Question: What did the man mean?A. He agreed with the woman.B. He didn’t believe the woman.C. The woman’s words hurt him.D. The woman was talking nonsense.8、Woman: I can’t forgive myself for t hat terrible mistake I have made.Man: Well, don’t be too hard on yourself. It happens to the best of us.Question: What does the woman mean?A. The man should not be forgiven.B. Smart people make few mistakesC. The mistake is not seriousD. The man needn’t feel that9、Woman :Here you are. Do it by six o’clock, OK?Man: By six o’clock? Give me a break. I’m not a superman.Question: What does the man mean?A. He wants to take a break.B. He has to work like a superman.C. There is not enough time for him.D. The work is too difficult for him.2012英语试卷—A 第3页共15页10、Woman: I ’m clueless and,quitefrankly, I’m getting worried about the future.Man: We’re all in the same boat. Leaving school’s a b ig step.Question: What’s the issue they are facing now?A. Graduation examination.B. Traveling expenses.C. Career choicesD. Personal finance.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. You’re your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.11、I was annoyed by Tom who came latefor our appointment and never ______to ask how long I had been waiting.A. botherB. to botherC. botheringD. bothered12、The team members were upset whenthey heard that the project ______have to be abandoned.A. mightB. shouldC. needD. shall13、I’ve attached my contact informationin the recommendation letter ______you have further questions.A. becauseB. so thatC. sinceD. in case14、As computer security systemsbecome even more advanced, ______the methods of those who try to break into them illegally.A. so too doB. so much doC. as much asD. as well as2012英语试卷—A 第4页共15页15、The questions are certain to_______careful consideration before any major decision.A. giveB. have givenC. be givenD. have been given16、This robot is supposed to save a lot oflabor, but it many create new problems if it really _______.A. isB. willC. hasD. does17、I don’t know why Mary didn’t ask mehow to do it as I _______her.A. must helpB. would helpC. should have helpedD.could have helped18、Peter and Bob both did a good job,but Peter is ______talented of the two.A. the mostB. the moreC. mostD. more19、The function of school education isnot so much to teach you things ________to teach you the art of learning.A. thanB. thenC. asD. but20、Graduate school and college aresimilar _________you have to choose a field of study and do research.A. in thatB. for thatC. for whichD. in which21、Father sometimes goes to the gymwith us though he _____going there.A. enjoysB. prefersC. dislikesD. denies2012英语试卷—A 第5页共15页22、She was among the most______players in the game ,but the car accident ruined everything.A. promisedB. promotedC. promisingD. promoting23、Dina ,struggling for months to get ajob as a waitress, finally took a______at a local advertising agency.A. chanceB. positionC. stepD. challenge24、He doesn’t eat pork ,but______that he’ll eat just about anything.A. rather thanB. no more thanC. other thanD. no longer than25、Simon finally ______to pressurefrom his parents to stop his tennis training before the exam.A. gave upB. gave inC. gave outD. gave way26、Thomas Edison was responsible formany _____in addition to the light bulb.A. intentionsB. imaginationsC. instructionsD. innovations27、Thrilled that she got her firstpaycheck ,Nancy immediately_______ her old cell phone with a newer model.A. replacedB. renewedC. combinedD. compared28、Advertising is a tough businessbecause it is very difficult to ________new ideas to sell the same product.A. come up withB. get along withC. come up toD. get down to2012英语试卷—A 第6页共15页29、After thinking hard about why I didnot have enough time for my schoolwork. I became_______ that I watched too much TV.A. doubtfulB. worriedC. puzzledD. aware30、Following the same rules all theseyears, the club is _______to any from of change.A. resolvedB. resistantC. restrictedD. reservedPart III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinishedstatements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage OneIt has never been easy to be a teenager , and it is particularly difficult today. The world expects us to be grown up but rarely treats us like adults; we are part of a society in which drugs are readily available but extremely dangerous; our education consists of examinations and more examinations…Is it any wonder we struggle at times?One of the biggest problems is that parents demand mature and intelligent behavior from us ,yet usually think of us as still being children .We help do a range of housework and care for sickly grandparents, but cannot watch adult movies on television. We are expectedto show an interest in current affairs and get a part-time job to begin to support ourselves, but are not even allowed a say in where we go for the family holiday---never mind being allowed to holiday with our friends！Outside the home , we have to make sure our dissatisfaction does not lead us to rebellion and to the dealers who are just waiting to sell us various drugs .Older generations had to come to terms with alcohol and cigarettes; that was easy, by comparison. We go to a club, to dance, then are faced with temptations(诱惑), peer2012英语试卷—A 第7页共15页pressures and our own desire to fit in with the crowd .There is always someone there with a designer drink ,a designer smile and the latest designer drug to tempt us .Being a teenager hasnever been harder.Of course , it has never been so hard in school either .We have so many examinations that it is difficult to keep track: SATs, GCSEs … and the practice tests that accompany them. Homework is never ending. No teacher seems aware of how much work the others are setting , and, anyway, they would not care ,because they are all under orders to improve results or their own careers will suffer.31. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?A. The tempting drugs that can be easily bought.B. The changing world that teenagers have to adapt to.C. School education that focuses merely on examinations.D. Various problems that teenagers have to deal with.32. Parents will most probably say no totheir children if they want to _______.A. learn current affairs by watching TVB. go on vacation with friendsC. take a part time job while in schoolD. holiday with the rest of the family33.What does the author mean bysaying“Being a teenager has never been harder”in Paragraph 3?A. Parents are more demanding than ever before.B. Teenagers have to try harder to fit into the world.C. Teenagers are under greater pressure from peers.D. There are more and stronger temptations than before.34.As is used in Paragraph 4 , “theothers ”refers to ______.A. colleaguesB. neighborsC. parentsD.students2012英语试卷—A 第8页共15页35. Why do teachers give their students a huge lot of homework and examinations?A. They have a strong sense of responsibility.B. They intend to inspire students’interest in learning.C. They are demanded to improve students’ scores.D. They intend to have students work harder in school.Passage TwoIf you like to take lots of vacation , the United States is not the place to work .Besides a handful of national holidays the typical American worker gets two or three precious weeks off out of a whole year to relax and see the world ---much less than what people in many other countries receive. And even that amount of vacation often comes with strings attached.So what’s going on here?A big reason for the difference is that paid time off is demanded by law in many parts of the world .Germany is among more than two dozen industrialized countries---from Australia to Japan---that require employers to offer four weeks or more of paid vacation to their workers , according to a 2009 study by the human resources consulting company Mercer. Finland , Brazil and France are the champions, guaranteeing six weeks of time off. But employers in the United States are not obliged under federal law to offer any paid vacation , so about a quarter of all American workers don’t have access to it , government figures show . That makes the U.S . the only advanced nation in the world that doesn’t guarantee its workers annual leave.Most U.S. companies , of course , do provide vacation as a way to attract and retain workers . But the fear of layoffs and the ever –faster pace of work mean many Americans are reluctant to be absent from the office ---anxious that they might loo like they’re not committed to their job . Or they worry they won’t be able to cope with a pile of work waiting for them after a vacation.Then , there ‘s the way we work .Working more makes Americans happier than Europeans , according to a study published recently in the Journal of Happiness Studies. That may be because Americans believe more than Europeans do that hard work is associated with success.2012英语试卷—A 第9页共15页So despite research documenting the health and productivity benefits of taking time off , along vacation can be undesirable , scary , unrealistic or just plain impossible for many U.S. workers.36．According to the passage , the United States is a nation_________.A. that prefers relatively longer vacationsB. that has fewer national holidaysC. where workers do not have paid time offD. where employers are not required to offer paid vacation37.The phrase “with strings attached”(Para.1) probably means “_________”.A. with specified conditionsB. with full freedomC. with many optionsD. with work in mind38. Which of the following countries offers the longest annual leave to its workers?A. Germany .B. Japan.C. France .D. Australia.39. Many Americans are hesitant to takea vacation because they __________.A. are afraid of losing their jobsB. enjoy the fast pace of workC. are devoted to their jobsD. like the challenges in work40. According to the author , Americans’chance of taking a long vacation is ______.A. uncertainB. slimC. goodD. promisingPassage ThreeNew research suggests that animals have a much higher level of brainpower than previously thought . If animals dohave intelligence , how do scientists measure it ? Before defining animals’intelligence , scientists defined what is not intelligence . Instinct is not intelligence . It is a skill programmed into an animal’s brain . Rote(机械记忆)2012英语试卷—A 第10页共15页conditioning is also not intelligence . Tricks can be learned by repetition , but no real thinking is involved . Scientists believe that insight(顿悟)，the ability to use tools , and communication using human language are all effective measures of the mental ability of animals.Scientists define insight as a flash of sudden understanding . When a young gorilla could not reach fruit from a tree , she noticed some boxes scattered about the lawn near the tree . She piled up the boxes , then climbed on them to reachher reward . The gorilla’s insight allowed her to solve a new problem without trial and error.The ability to use tools is also an important sign of intelligence . Crows use sticks to get nuts out of cracks . The crow exhibits intelligence by showing it has learned what a stick can do . Likewise , seals use rocks to crack open shells in order to get at the meat.Many animals have learned to communicate using human language . One chimp can recognize and correctly use more than 250 abstract symbols on a keyboard . These symbols represent human words. An amazing parrot can distinguish five objects of two different types . He can understand the difference between the number , color , and kind of object . The ability to classify is a basic thinking skill. He seems to use language to express his needs and emotions .When ill and taken to the animal hospital for his first overnight stay , this parrot turned to go . “Come here!”he cried to a scientist who works with him . “I love you . I’m sorry. Wanna go back?”The research on animal intelligence raises important questions . If animals are smarter than once thought , would that change the way humans interact with them? Would humans stop hunting them for sport or survival? Would animals still be used for food , clothing , or medical experimentation? Finding the answer to these tough questions makes a difficult puzzle even for a large-brained, problem-solving species like our own.41.As is mentioned in Paragraph 1 , “tricks”played by animals may be ________.A. a sign of intelligenceB. a sign of instinctC. learned through trainingD. programmed in their brain at birth2012英语试卷—A 第11页共15页42. Crows’ using sticks to get nuts out of cracks illustrates_________.A. rote learningB. the ability to use toolsC. communication skillsD. instinctive response43. The parrot’s being able todistinguish five objects of two different types indicates ______.A. its ability to classifyB. its ability to countC. a grasp of human languageD. a flash of sudden understanding44. Which of the following is anexample of animals’communication through the use of human language ?A. Parrots can imitate.B. Gorillas scream for help.C. A crow shouts warnings to other crows.D. Chimps use symbols that stand for words.45. The last paragraph implies that __________.A. there is no way of measuring animal intelligenceB. animals are given opportunities to display their intelligenceC. the human-animal relationship needs to be reconsideredD. some animal instincts are well beyond our knowledgePassage FourAnother kinds of distinction that can be made among works of art is whether they were originally intended as objects purely to be looked at , or as objects to be used . The FINE ARTS , such as drawing , painting , and sculpture ,involve the production of works to be seen and experienced primarily on an abstract rather than practical level . Pieces of fine art may produce emotional , intellectual , sensual , or spiritual responses in us . Those who love the fine arts feel that these responses are very valuable , and perhaps2012英语试卷—A 第12页共15页Especially so in the midst of a highly materialistic world , for they expand our awareness of the great richness of life itself.In contrast to the nonfunctional appeals of the fine arts , the first purpose of the APPLIED ARTS is to serve some useful function . Lucy Lewis , a traditional potter from Acoma Pueblo in New Mexico , has applied a visuallyexciting surface decoration to her water jar. But the jar’s main reason for being , however , is to hold water . Some of the people of Acoma , which may be the oldest continually inhabited city in the United States , still follow the old ways , carrying water for drinking , cooking , and washing up to their homes from natural ponds below . The forms of their water jars are therefore designed to prevent spilling and to balance readily on one’s head . The pots must also be light in weight , so Acoma water pots are some of the world’s thinnest –walled pottery . Interestingly , the languages of most Native American peoples do not include a word that means “fine art . ”While they have traditionally created pottery , basketry , and weaving with a good sense of design , these pieces were part of their everyday lives.The applied art of pottery-making , isone of the crafts , the making of useful objects by hand . Other applied art disciplines are similarly functional . Graphic designers create advertisements , fabrics , layouts for books and magazines , and so on ; Industrial designers shape the mass –produced objects used by high –tech societies , from cars , telephones , and teapots , to one of the most famous visual images in the world : the Coca –Cola bottle . Other applied arts include clothing design , interior design , and environmental design.46. What has the author probably discussed right before the passage ?A. The history of art .B. The beauty of art .C. Some distinctions among works of art .D. The definition of art in general.2012英语试卷—A 第13页共15页47. Which of the following is true ?A. Fine arts enrich our lives .B. Fine arts are associated with application .C. Products of crafts are made to be looked at .D. People in the materialistic world lacks the sense of beauty .48. The water jar mentioned in Paragraph 2can be described as ___________.A. an example of fine artB. a product of graphic designC. a case of industrial designD. an object for practical use49. The Coca –Cola bottle mentioned in Paragraph 3 ______.A. is a product of craftsB.is an example of applied artC. produces spiritual responsesD. is an object to be looked at50. What is this passage mainly about ?A. The functions of a water jar.B. Pottery-making in North America.C. Fine and applied arts .D. Nonfunctional appeals of fine arts.Part IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.U. S. researchers suggest sleeping can help us remember things we have just learnt . A team from NorthwesternUniversity 51 that a 90-minute nap (小睡)can help people learn a new skill . The 52 on their research is published in the June edition of the journal Nature.The scientists say : “Information acquired during waking can be reactivated (重新激活) during sleep , 53 memory stabilization .”Test volunteers2012英语试卷—A 第14页共15页practised musical tunes before and after a short sleep . 54 the nap , the researchers played one of the tunes the volunteers had practiced . The team found that the participants made 55 errors when playing the tune that had been played while they slept .Study co-author Dr Paul J . Reuber points out the research might not work 56 learning a foreign language while you sleep . He said : “The critical 57 is that our research shows that memory is strengthened for something you’ve already learned . ”He added : “Rather than learning something 58 in your sleep , we ‘re talking about enhancing an existing memory by reactivating information recently acquired .”59 ,Dr Reuber did say there were possibilities for language learners :“If you were learning 60 to speak in a foreign language during the day , for example , and then tried to reactivate those memories during sleep , perhaps you might enhance your learning ,”he said .51. A. imagine B. learnC. reportD. guess52. A. claim B. article C.statement D. lecture53. A. disturbing B. lowering C. updating D. promoting54. A. During B. BeforeC. AtD. After55. A. more B. fewer C. lessD. most56. A. with B. for C. by D. upon57. A. similarity B. difference C. viewpoint D. response58. A. old B. strange C. unique D. new59. A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Instead60. A. when B. where C. howD. why2012英语试卷—A 第15页共15页Part V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.We all know that the most powerful force in our lives is love . In addition to providing us with soul-warming companionship , the emotion of love is truly inspiring .Of course , the facts of our lives tell a somewhat sad story . We have a very hard time making love last . The divorcerate in the U.S. is still around 50 percent . That figure doesn’t even cover the many couples that live together without marriage and whose unions are even more likely to dissolve .Relationships fail because people have the misconception about what to expect in marriage . The fantasy is that everything will be wonderful as long as you find the perfect person –your missing half . But marriage is a team sport . It’s one team with two people , with two different minds . The difficulty is that these two people disagree all the time . They need to know nondestructive ways of expressing differences and must also be prepared for the inevitable disappointments that come from living with another person.Part VI Writing (30minutes, 15 points) Directions: You are to write in noless than 120 words on the topic of “what would you consider an ideal work environment”. You may base your composition on the Chinese clues given below and put your composition on the ANSWER SHEET .工作环境包括很多方面：空间、设施、温度、光线、噪音、人员……我想要的理想的工作环境是……理想的工作环境的效用是……2012英语试卷二A 第2页共2页。

2009年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题Paper OneDialogue Communication (15 minutes, 15 points)Section A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. Man: Have you seen my glasses anywhere?Woman: No.________.Man: Yes. And I can't see a thing without them.A. Anything wrong?B. Can't you find them?C. Did you lose them?D. Can I help you?2. Speaker A: Hey, it's beautiful out today, isn't it?Speaker B: ________.A. Tomorrow will be the same as todayB. Yeah. I wish it would be like this everydayC. At least not as good as I expectedD. Really? It's different from the weather forecast3. Speaker A: I'm going home now. Do you need a ride?Speaker B: ________. I'm not done yet.A. No, thanksB. It's impossibleC. I'm glad toD. Thank you4. Woman: Concert or movie, what would you prefer?Man: ________. just want to get out of the house.A. That's OK with meB. That's a good ideaC. I really don't careD. There is no problem5. Speaker A: Could I speak to John, please?Speaker B: John? There's no one by that name here. I'm afraid you've got the wrong number.Speaker A: ________.A. Well, I'll try againB. OK, let me check againC. All fight, thank youD. Oh, sorry to have bothered youSection B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the best answer to the question from the four choices given and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.6. Man: Are you finished with school already?Woman: No. I have one more semester, but it would be great to have a job lined up.Question: What does the woman mean?A. She will line up to apply for a job.B. She hopes to get a job offer before graduation.C. She has already had a job offer.D. She'll look for a job soon after graduation.7. Man: Gosh! There seems to be no end to the work I have to do.Woman: I'm glad I'm not in your shoes.Question: What does the woman mean?A. She is unable to help the man.B. She is busier than the man.C. She is lucky not to work with the man.D. She is not as busy as the man. 8. Woman: Are you going to Hawaii on your vacation?Man: Not this year. I am broke.Woman: Oh! Come on.Question: How does the woman take the man's words?A. She thinks he's not serious.B. She feels sorry for the man.C. She is surprised.D. She is amused.9. Woman: Do you like the course we're taking?Man: It's beyond me.Question: What does the man mean?A. He doesn't want to answer the question.B. He doesn't like the course.C. He can't understand the course.D. He feels comfortable with the course.10. Man: Ben borrowed his father's car without permission, and then crashed it into the garage door.Woman: No wonder his father went up the wall.Question: What can we learn about Ben's father?A. He wouldn't forgive Ben.B. He was extremely angry.C. He was quite disappointed.D. He couldn't understand Ben.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes th e sentence. You’re your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.11. Sunny Monday skies will _______ashield of clouds by sunset.A. give space toB. give place toC. give path toD. give way to12. Eating regular meals is________ important for health.A. vividlyB. vitallyC. visuallyD. visibly13. A new electronic announcement system has been introduced in the taxis to________passengers not to forget their luggage.A. informB. wareC. alertD. remind14. Consumer________ n food products has been shaken by several recent scandals.A. beliefB. trustC. confidenceD. assurance15. Such a proposal must have been put forward by people with limited________.A. overviewB. overlookC. outlineD. outlook16. Fighting corruption involves tackling those who offer__________ as well as those who take them.A. contributionsB. donationsC. bribesD. bonuses17. In a _________of inspiration, I decided to paint the whole house white.A. flameB. flightC. flavorD. flash18. Unlike other leaders who put all blames on others, he took responsibility and resigned __________.A. gracefullyB. faithfullyC. mysteriouslyD. reluctantly19. This report is ________ with an article written by the same author.A. similarB. sameC. identicalD. alike20. Traditional publishing will be _______ dramatically in the next 5 to 10 years.A. cut awayB. cut downC. cut backD. cut off21. I'll contact my office in London straight away and________ to you.A. have been faxing the contractB. have the contract faxC. have faxed the contractD. have the contract faxed22. Caroline has never ever broken her promise,_________.A. neither had IB. never will IC. not would ID. nor have I23. Weather________ , we'll go for a walk in the woods tomorrow.A. to permitB. permittedC. permittingD. permits24. If she _______ here next week, we would know her decision.A. will beB. were to beC. would have beenD. is to be25. The problem is that they are unable to communicate effectively in the language _______public services are offered.A. in whichB. for whichC. by whichD. of which26. Many dreams ________seem impossible, then improbable, and eventually inevitable.A. at firstB. firstC. firstlyD. first of all27. If you are going to interview someone you _______ know something about them.A. should as wellB. might as wellC. had ratherD. would rather28. Joe _______ away for the last two days but he is due back tomorrow.A. isB. has beenC. wentD. has gone29. __________ 40 years ago, the book continues to be marketed, mass -- produced, and challenged.A. Being writtenB. As writtenC. It was writtenD. Though written30. Born Sept. 11, 1907, in Boston, Alice Lillian Ellis was _______ of nine children.A. the third oldestB. the third oldC. the third olderD. the oldest thirdPart III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose th ebest one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the content.Passage OneIs the customer always right? The answer, it seems, depends on which country you are in.Shopping is very much a part of a country's culture, and attitudes to shopping and consumers vary from country to country just as much as climate or taste in food. From the air-conditioned American shopping centers to the street market of African towns, the way we shop shows the way we see ourselves and our relationships with other people.Business competition in Europe has given consumers increased power. This has meant falling prices, plenty of special offers and a re-examination of what customer service really means.People often point to America as an example of excellent customer service. In restaurants in the south of the USA, for example, waiters compliment you on your clothes, ask about your day, compliment you on the wisdom of your order and then return every ten minutes to refill your glass and make sure that everything is to your satisfaction.Anyone who has waited 30 minutes to be served in a restaurant might well dream of such attention, but do Europeans really want US style service? As a friend of mine once told me, "By the end of the evening I had spent as much time talking to the waiter as to my wife." It is a question of expectations. Different nationalities expect different types of service.A Chinese-American friend loves telling people about how her Chinese mother shops for clothes: "First of all she waits until they are on sale, then she bargains until she gets an even better price and then she finds some small fault with the product and demands a further reduction.She never buys anything at the regular price." Could you imagine trying such tricks in a department store in your country?Attitudes to service are, of course, affected by employers' attitudes to their workers. As American sales and service personnel are heavily reliant on commission and tips, they have more motives to provide more service. But is this fair? Do we think it is fair to ask shop assistants to work late evenings, Sundays and 12 hour shifts? It might not be a case of "Is the customer always tight?" but a case of "How much service is it fair to expect?"31. The way people shop ________A. reflects the developmental stage of a countryB. carries social and cultural valuesC. determines the way they socializeD. reveals their social status32. The word "compliment" in Paragrap h 2 is closest in meaning to “_________”A. evaluateB. criticizeC. praiseD. laugh at33. The remarks of the author's friend in Paragraph 3 indicate that Europeans ________.A. think highly of the American serviceB. do not appreciate the American serviceC. find it impossible to accept the American serviceD. will gradually accept the American service34. Why does the author use the Chinese mother's shopping experience as an example?A. To warn shop assistants of tough customers.B. To teach people how to get better service as customers.C. To criticize some improper shopping behavior.D. To show how different people's expectations of service are.35. According to the last paragraph, the service quality of American service personnel may depend on _________.A. the customers 'attitude towards themB. their working experienceC. the length of their working hoursD. the amount of commission and tipsPassage TwoJack's friend Tony had recently gotten a tattoo (文身), and Jack was so impressed by Tony‟s bravery and his tattoo that he decided to get one too. Why do a lot of young people in North America get tattoos today? Peer pressure, media influence, and personal expression are some of the common reasons.The desire to be part of a group, to be accepted by one's friends or peers, can have a great influence on what a person does. Sometimes, wearing a tattoo can be a sign that you belong to a certain group. Gangs often use special clothes and tattoos to identify their particular group. For example, in one gang all the members may wear green army jackets and have large "Xs" tattooed on their arms. It is not only gangs that have this type of special "uniform". Young people often belong to a certain group of friends. Some of these groups wear only brand-name clothes. Others wear tattoos. When a person's friends are all doing something, such as getting a tattoo, that person is more likely to do the same thing, and get a tattoo too.The media is another big influence behind the popularity of tattoos in North America. A wide variety of media images show tattoos. Tattoos can be seen on people appearing in commercials selling expensive cars. Famous sports heroes with tattoos are shown in magazines. Fashion models are often seen in magazines and on TV wearing designer clothes that show their bodies tattooed with detailed and colorful patterns. These media images link tattoos to ideas of wealth, success, and status. As a result, many people decide to get a tattoo for its fashion and status value.It is not always the influence of other people or the media that results in a person getting a tattoo. Many people decide to wear tattoos in order to express their artistic nature, their beliefs, or their feelings -- in other words, to show their individuality. A musician in a rock band may get a tattoo of a guitar on the arm. Some environmentalists may tattoo pictures of endangered animals on their shoulders. Lovers may tattoo each others' names over their hearts. A tattoo Can be a public sign to show what is important in a person's life.36. Jack got a tattoo because ofA. a desire to express himselfB. the influence of the mediaC. the influence of friendsD. a desire to be fashionable37. Gang members wear the tattoo of "Xs" to show theirA. individualityB. sense of belongingC. sense of honorD. power38. Which of the following groups of people are seen wearing tattoos in the media?A. Sports Stars.B. Car sellers.C. Fashion designers.D. Movie stars.39. Which of the following tattoos shows one's belief?A. A picture of endangered species.B. A lover's name.C. A musical instrument.D. A brand name.40. The best title for this passage isA. Tattoos Tell Who You AreB. Tattoos' New TrendC. The Popularity of TattoosD. Why People Get Tattoos Passage ThreeAmericans have a great love for informality and nowhere is this better expressed than in their love for nicknames (昵称、绰号). Upon greeting strangers for the first time they will quickly introduce themselves by their nickname. These are shortened forms of their given name at birth and reflect the casual relationships which exist among friends and coworkers. Family names are hardly ever used in daily situations and the use of one's father's last name is saved only for rare and formal occasions.In many traditional cultures the use of the family name is seen as a sign of respect. For Americans, however, it's the nickname which creates an immediate intimacy between two people upon which to build a relationship. By speaking to another on a first name basis and using his nickname, walls are immediately torn down and equality between two people is established.At work bosses will refer to their employees by their nicknames. Should an employer use a worker's family name, you can be sure that some kind of correction or serious business will follow.This love for nicknames can create a sense of closeness between people who are otherwise not related. Even the presidents of the United States have borne nicknames. Abraham Lincoln was known as Honest Abe. John F. Kennedy was known as Jack or JFK and William Clinton has no reservations in letting people know he prefers to be called Bill, but those who look upon him with disfavor may call him Slick Willy.Not only people but cities often carry their own nicknames. Chicago is called the "Windy City" because of the strong winds which come down from Canada throughout the year. New York City is considered the "Big Apple" for reasons which are still obscure to most people including many New Yorkers.Not every nickname, however, is positive and some can be rather rude and insulting. If someone should demonstrate a certain negative characteristic, a label will soon be attached to describe that person in an unpleasant way.Likewise a person's physical traits which are very dominant may lead to nicknames but not necessarily to one's liking or choice.A nickname, therefore, is a way of identifying or describing someone or something for better or worse.41. Why do Americans prefer to use nicknames when addressing one another?A. Nicknames are easy to remember.B. Americans are a friendly people.C. Nicknames help build a closer relationship.D. Nicknames are convenient to use in daily life.42. Americans tend to use others' family names ________.A. on formal occasionsB. when writing lettersC. in the work placeD. when making phone calls43. Many traditional societies see the use of one's family name as a sign of_________.A. respectB. distanceC. importanceD. gratitude44. An American employer is likely to use a worker's family name when __________.A. the worker is to get a promotionB. the worker has done something wrongC. he speaks to the worker at a gatheringD. he is being friendly with the worker45. In Paragraph 5, the word "obscure" is closest in meaning to“__________”.A. funnyB. soundC. unclearD. popularPassage FourJob sharing refers to the situation in which two people divide the responsibility of one full-time job. The two people willingly act as part-time workers, enough hours between them to fulfill the duties of a full-time worker. If they each work half the job, for example, they each receive 50 percent of the job's wages, its holidays and its other benefits. Of course, some job sharers take a smaller or larger share of the responsibilities of the position, receiving a lesser or greater share of the benefits.Job sharing differs from conventional part-time work in that it occurs mainly in the more highly skilled and professional areas, which require higher levels of responsibility and employee commitment.Job sharing should not be confused with the term work sharing, which refers to increasing the number of jobs by reducing the number of hours of each existing job, thus offering more positions to the growing number of unemployed people. Job sharing, by contrast, is not designed to address unemployment problems; its focus, rather, is to provide well-paid work for skilled workers and professionals who want more free time for other activities.As would be expected, women constitute the bulk of job sharers. A survey carded out in 1988 by Britain's Equal Opportunities Commission revealed that 78 per cent of sharers were female, the majority of whom were between 20 and 40 years of age. Subsequent studies have come up with similar results. Many of these women were re-entering the job market after having had children, but they chose not to seek part-time work because it would have meant lower status.Job sharing also offered an acceptable shift back into full-time work after a long absence.The necessity of close cooperation when sharing a job with another person makes the actual work quite different from conventional one-position jobs. However, to ensure a greater chance that the partnership will succeed, each person needs to know the strengths, weaknesses and preferences of his or her partner before applying for a position. Moreover, there must be a fair division of both routine tasks and interesting ones. In sum, for a position to be job-shared well, the two individuals must be well matched and must treat each other as equals.46. "Employee commitment" in Paragraph 2 refers to the employee's ________.A. loyaltyB. qualificationC. experienceD. achievement47. Work sharing is different from job sharing in that __________.A. it requires more working hoursB. it depends on the employer's decisionC. it provides more work positionsD. it offers a more satisfactory salary48. Job sharing is popular with young mothers mainly because _________.A. they can take care of both work and familyB. they are over ideal working agesC. they seek equal opportunities with menD. they have difficulty finding full-time jobs49. In job sharing the partners should __________.A. be social equalsB. know each other very wellC. be intimate friendsD. have similar working experience50. The main purpose of the passage is to ___________.A. recommend job sharing to womenB. describe job sharing in generalC. criticize job sharing as inefficientD. discuss a way to tackle unemploymentPart IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.For years we have believed we were either healthy or sick. 51 , during the mid-90s,scientists developed a new concept called "sub-health", a status 52 health and illness. The concept of sub-health has become 53 because it has helped to explain many health problems. 54 one study, only 5. 6% of people in the overall population are actually sick, 55 the sub-healthy group consists of about 60%, and the 56 population is considered healthy. 57 of one's sub-health will help one to be alert to the underlying disease and remain healthy. Sub-Health is a state in which the body is 58 turning from health to illness or from illness to health. Our bodies are actively 59 the conditions of health, sub-health and disease. Factors 60 aging, internal or external toxicity (毒性), and body or mind exhaustion may cause sub-health, but taking good care of the body can change a sub-healthy status to a healthy one.51. A. However B. Besides C. Therefore D. Meantime52. A. within B. between C. toward D. beyond53. A. controversial B. global C. popular D. common54. A. Thanks to B. Due to C. According to D. Prior to55. A. since B. though C. for D. whereas56. A. remaining B. retaining C. relating D. reserving57. A. Causes B. Awareness C. Doubts D. Treatment58. A. already B. still C. neither D. either59. A. choosing B. comparing C. improving D. balancing60. A. like B. as C. along with D. up topaper TwoPart V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.The office desk, as we know it, may have had its day. A large study on the future of work in the UK predicts the rise of the "mobile worker" moving with notebook computer and mobile phone between office, home, hotel, airport or highway service station as the needs of a job demand. Today, more than five million people already spend some time working at home or on the move, according to a recent report. That number will rise dramatically over the coming decades, with mobile work becoming one of the fastest-growing types of employment.According to the study "Working in the Twenty-First Century ", individuals will not necessarily see themselves as working from home. They could equally be working from the office, but they will be on the move from place to place, working at various times of the day, for much of the week. For a large proportion of workers, work in twenty years' time will be more about movement than staying in one place.Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words on the topic of "A Threat (Threats) to Endangered Animals". You may base your composition on the clues given below:Many animals are now in danger of becoming extinct ....Among the threats to endangered animals is (are) ....The way to cope with the threat (threats) ....( Note: endangered —濒危)参考答案：Paper One1~5 CBACD 6~10 BDACB11~15 DBCCD 16~20 CDACB 21~25 DDCBA 26~30 ABBBA31~35 DCBDD 36~40 CBAAD 41~45 CAABC 46~50 BCABB51 ~ 55 ABCCD 56 ~ 60 ABDDAPaper Two PartV Translation(30minutes，10 points)参考译文：众所周知，办公桌办公的时代也许已经结束了。

2023年在职硕士《英语》考试历年真题摘选附带答案第1卷一.全考点综合测验(共20题)1.【单选题】The company issues an annual report every March.A.a yearlyB. a comprehensiveC. a financialD.a product2.【单选题】Communication is one of the most important bonds that hold cultural systems together.A.obligationsB.qualitiesC. linksD. needs3.【单选题】Formerly , in the United States, many nurses worked as private duty nurses rather than in hospitals.A.PreviouslyB. StrictlyC. OfficiallyD. Periodically4.【单选题】One of the greatest breakthroughs for professional women came in 1973 when the field of banking opened up for them.A. most serious disappointmentsB.most significant advancesC. most abrupt declinesD. most crucial situations5.【单选题】Some children display an unquenchable 难以抑制的curiosity about every new thing they encounter.A.insatiable 贪的无厌的B. inherentC.indiscriminate 不加选择的D. incredible6.【单选题】In calculating the daily calorie requirements for an individual, variations in body size, physical activity, and age should be taken into account.A. numberedB. stabilizedC. contrastedD.considered7.【单选题】In 1974 Henry Aaron broke Babe Ruth's monumental lifetime record of 714 home runs.A.archaic(old, antique)B. degrading (discredit)C.outstandingD.entire8.【单选题】Despite the proliferation of other faster modes of transportation, the railroads remain the largest carriers of intercity freight in the United States.A.schemesB. meansC.tracksD. variables9.【单选题】The wheels of the first road vehicles were fashioned from crude stone disks.A.hand-carvedB.roughly madeC. flatD. heavy10.【单选题】Mary McCarthy s satires 讽刺文学are couched in a prose style that has a classic precision.A.fusedB.prefacedC. standardizedD. expressed11.【单选题】The economy of Dallas, Texas, is strong and diversified .A.inflatedB. stableC. variedD.well-regulated12.【单选题】An oversight 遗漏(miss, overslaugh) in proofreading often results in printed errors.A.An inconsistencyB. A discriminationC. A blotchD.An inattention13.【单选题】In literature, caricatures讽刺画usually contain verbal exaggeration through which the writer achieves comic and often satiric 讽刺effects.A. banter 取笑(tease)B. humorC. interactionD. overstatement14.【单选题】While Billie Holiday did not invent the music called "the blues", she most assuredly helped popularize it.A. finallyB.certainlyC.earnestlyD.enthusiastically15.【单选题】Blue－green algae grow abundantly in salt marshes.A. primarilyB.slowlyC.on plants(cultivate)D. in great numbers16.【单选题】Formulated in 1823, the Monroe Doctrine asserted that the Americas were no longer open to European colonization.A. emphatically statedB. belligerently(aggressively) arguedC. accentuated(emphasize)D. entreated 恳求（implore, plea, invoke ）17.【单选题】With the acquisition of smaller companies by larger ones, the 1960's saw a wave of new conglomerates.A. surgeB.handfulC. suspensionD. dissolution 分解18.【单选题】Some animals pant and sweat to speed evaporation of body moisture and thus cool themselves.A.wiggle 摆动slowlyB. breathe quicklyC. restD.perspire19.【单选题】The Salk vaccine is a major factor in the fight to eradicate polio.pletely destroyB. carefully disguiseC. sustainD. contain20.【单选题】How many people are aware that a dancer with the New York City Ballet typically wears out a minimum of two hundred pairs of toe shoes per year?A.onlyB. exactlyC. at leastD.fewer than第2卷一.全考点综合测验(共20题)1.【单选题】In 1861 it seemed inevitable that the Southern states would break away from the Union.A.strangeB. certainC.inconsistentD. proper2.【单选题】The first paper was made from the bark of the mulberry tree.A. dried woodB. outer coveringC.syrup(sirup)D. root3.【单选题】Some cosmetics manufacturers attempt to capture the rose's unmistakable fragrance香味in soaps and perfumes.A.designB.textureC. scentD. freshness4.【单选题】Comets are still regarded with awe by some people.A. wonderB.concernC.resentmentD.detachment5.【单选题】Bats fly, rather than glide, and thus are the only mammals capable of true flight.A.straightB. safeC.realD.rapid6.【单选题】With lasers scientists can probe many physical processes, such as combustion, once beyond our ken.视野A. understandingB. responsibilityC.interpretationD. notice7.【单选题】The megaphone(microphone) makes the voice sound louder because it points sound waves in one direction and keeps them from spreading out in all directions.A.slitheringB.radiatingC. interferingD. murmuring8.【单选题】By the nineteenth century, embroidery on men's clothing had virtually disappeared except for the occasional decorative vest and tie.A. almostB. definitelyC.alreadyD.universally9.【单选题】Urban renewal programs strive to upgrade areas that are becoming slums.A.reproachB. improveC.fortifyD.uproot10.【单选题】Cream of tartar 酒石, a weak acid, can be added to egg whites to help them foam泡沫when they are beatenA.whippedB. agedC.boiledD.cracked11.【单选题】Eyespots, the most rudimentary eyes, are found in protozoan原生动物flagellates 鞭毛虫, flatworms 扁形虫, and segmented worms片段蠕虫.A.hostile-lookingB.perceptiveC. primitiveD.strangely formed12.【单选题】Food must be moist in order to have a taste.A.appetizing(delicious)B. nutritiousC. dampD. chewed13.【单选题】The controls of most modern airplanes can be operated either manually or automatically.A.by the bookB.by a mapC. by logicD. by hand14.【单选题】The first important exposition in the United States was held in Philadelphia in 1876.A.exhibitionB. concertC. excursionD.contest15.【单选题】Double Eagle in the first transatlantic balloon, was greeted by avid crowds in France.A.eagerB.surgingC.appreciativeD.vigorous16.【单选题】People who do not sleep enough tend to become irritable .A.easily annoyedB. illC. wearyD.stiff and sore17.【单选题】Although the Carbon 14 method of dating old objects is not foolproof , it is the best method available at presentA.wholly operationalB.entirely serviceableC.fully reliablepletely safe18.【单选题】Insect pests are among the leading causes of crop failure.A.expectedB. chiefC. naturalD. least19.【单选题】Solid geometry has enabled astronomers to calculate the positions of the heavenly bodies relative to one another.A. on top ofB.next toC.in spite ofD. with respect to20.【单选题】The Native American interpreter Sacajawea was a valuable member of the Lewis and dark expedition in 1805.A.very friendlyB. very usefulC. very thoughtful.D.very wealthy第1卷参考答案一.全考点综合测验1.正确答案：A2.正确答案：C3.正确答案：A4.正确答案：B5.正确答案：A6.正确答案：D7.正确答案：C8.正确答案：B9.正确答案：B10.正确答案：D11.正确答案：C12.正确答案：D13.正确答案：D14.正确答案：B15.正确答案：D16.正确答案：A17.正确答案：A18.正确答案：D19.正确答案：A20.正确答案：C第2卷参考答案一.全考点综合测验1.正确答案：B2.正确答案：B3.正确答案：C4.正确答案：A5.正确答案：C6.正确答案：A7.正确答案：B8.正确答案：A9.正确答案：B10.正确答案：A11.正确答案：C12.正确答案：C13.正确答案：D14.正确答案：A15.正确答案：A16.正确答案：A17.正确答案：C18.正确答案：B19.正确答案：D20.正确答案：B。

在职硕士英语考试真题In recent years, the demand for professionals with a Master's degree has been on the rise. This has led to an increase in the number of people pursuing a Master's degree while working. As a result, many universities and institutions have started offering on-the-job Master's programs. One of the requirements for these programs is the In-Service Master's English Exam. In this article, we will explore the format and content of the exam, as well as provide some tips for success.The In-Service Master's English Exam is designed to assess the English language proficiency of working professionals who are pursuing a Master's degree. The exam consists of four sections: Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking. Each section evaluates different language skills and abilities.The Listening section assesses the candidates' ability to understand spoken English. It includes multiple-choice questions, short-answer questions, and note-taking tasks. Candidates are required to listen to audio recordings and answer questions based on the information they hear.The Reading section evaluates the candidates' reading comprehension skills. It includes multiple-choice questions, short-answer questions, and summary writing tasks. Candidates are required to read passages and answer questions based on the information presented in the text.The Writing section assesses the candidates' ability to express themselves in written English. It includes tasks such as writing essays, reports, and emails. Candidates are expected to demonstrate their ability to organize their thoughts, use appropriate vocabulary and grammar, and present coherent arguments.The Speaking section evaluates the candidates' oral communication skills. It includes tasks such as giving presentations, participating in discussions, and role-playing scenarios. Candidates are assessed on their ability to articulate their ideas clearly, engage in meaningful conversations, and respond appropriately to questions and prompts.To succeed in the In-Service Master's English Exam, candidates should focus on improving their language skills and test-taking strategies. Here are some tips to help you prepare:1. Practice regularly: Set aside dedicated time each day to practice listening, reading, writing, and speaking in English. Use a variety of resources such as textbooks, online materials, and language learning apps to enhance your skills.2. Familiarize yourself with the exam format: Understand the structure and requirements of each section. Practice sample questions and tasks to get a sense of the types of questions you may encounter during the exam.3. Expand your vocabulary: Enhance your vocabulary by reading extensively and using new words in your everyday conversations and writing. This will not only improve your comprehension but also enable you to express yourself more effectively.4. Develop your writing skills: Practice writing essays, reports, and emails to improve your ability to organize your thoughts and convey your ideas clearly. Pay attention to grammar, punctuation, and sentence structure.5. Improve your speaking skills: Engage in conversations with native English speakers or join language exchange programs to practice speaking in English. Focus on pronunciation, fluency, and using appropriate expressions and idioms.6. Seek feedback and guidance: Ask for feedback from teachers, colleagues, or language tutors to identify areas for improvement. Take advantage of any resources or support provided by your institution or university.In conclusion, the In-Service Master's English Exam is an important assessment for professionals pursuing a Master's degree while working. By understanding the format and content of the exam and following the tips provided, candidates can improve their language skills and increase their chances of success. Remember to practice regularly, expand your vocabulary, develop your writing skills, improve your speaking abilities, and seek feedback and guidance. Good luck with your exam preparation!。

在职攻读硕士联考英语-1(总分：95.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}Part Ⅰ Dialogue Communication{{/B}}(总题数：5，分数：5.00)1.Speaker A: Excuse me, can you tell me where the Prince's Building is? Speaker B:______ （分数：1.00）A.The Prince's Building? Why do you want to go there?B.Sure, if you like, I can show you how to get there.C.Well, turn to the left at the first corner after the crossroads. It's there near the corner. √D.Strange! What's going on there? Three people have asked me how to get there.解析：由A方的话可知，本题要求对问路做出恰当的情景反应。

A项答复显得不礼貌，B项中的 sure是正确反应，但后半部分没有具体指路，D项与A方的问话无逻辑关系，只有选项C是这种情景下正确的回答。

2.Speaker A: Fairly mild for the time of year. Speaker B:______（分数：1.00）A.Which season is it now?B.Yes, usually it is very mild at this time of the year.C.Have you ever had this kind of weather before?D.Yes. Quite different from the forecast. √解析：A方在谈论天气，说：“天气对于一年的这个时候来说挺温暖的。

在职攻硕英语联考模拟试卷100(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Dialogue Communication 2. V ocabulary and Structure 3. Reading Comprehension 4. Cloze Test 5. Translation 6. WritingPart I Dialogue Communication (15 minutes, 15 points)Section A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1．Speaker A: I’d like to talk to Professor Smith, can you arrange it for me? Speaker B: ______A．Yes, of course. Would tomorrow morning be convenient for you?B．Why don’t contact him yourself directly?C．I am afraid he can’t see you unless you have an appointment with him.D．I don’t think I have the right to arrange it for you.正确答案：A解析：A方想约见史密斯教授，请求B方安排。

2002年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题Paper OnePart I Vocabulary and Structure(25 minutes，10 points)Directions：There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section．For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A，B，C and D．Choose the one that best completes the sentence．Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center．1．Experiments in the photography of moving objects in both the United States and Europe well before 1990．A．have been conducting B．were conductingC．had been conducted D．are conducted2．After long negotiations，the firm to build a double-purpose bridge across the river．A．contracted B．contacted C．consulted D．Convinced3．Diderot was also a philosophical materialist，that thought developed from the movements and changes of matter．A．believing B．have been located C．believes D．be locating4．We felt to death because we could make nothing of the lecturer‘s speech．A．exposed B．tired C．exhausted D．bored5．The population of many Alaskan cities has doubled in the past three years．A．larger than B．more than C．as great as D．as many as6．It was very difficult to build a power station in the deep valley，but it as we had hoped．A．came off B．went off C．brought out D．made out7．A baby might show fear of an unfamiliar adult，he is likely to smile and reach out to another infant．A．if B．whenever C．so that D．whereas8．Christmas is a holiday usually celebrated on December 25th the birth of Jesus Christ．A．in accordance with B．in terms ofC．in favor of D．in honor of9．Weather ，there will be an open air party with live music here this weekend．A．permits B．should permitC．will permit D．permitting10．When workers are organized in trade unions，employers find it hard to lay them ．.A．off B．asideC．out D．down11．The symbols of mathematics we are most familiar are the signs of addition，subtraction，multiplication，division and equality．A．to which B．whichC．with which D．in which12．The machines in this workshop are not regulated but are jointly controlled by a central computer system．A．inevitably B．individuallyC．irrespectively D．irregularly13．We are sure that to do this face to face，he would find it difficult to express himself without losing his temper．A．were he to try B．would he tryC．was he trying D．if he triesl4．The local people were joyfully surprised to find the prices of vegetables no longer according to the weather．A．evaluated B．convertedC．fluctuated D．modifiedl5．he realized it was already too late for us to return home．A．No sooner it grew dark when B．Hardly it grew dark thanC．It was not until dark that D．Scarcely it grew dark than16．Without computer network，it would be impossible to carry on any business operation in the advanced countries．A．practically B．preferablyC．precisely D．possibly17．will Mr．Forbes be able to regain control of the company．A．With hard work B．As regards his hard workC．Only if he works hard D．Despite his hard Work18．From the incident they have learned a lesson：decisions often lead to bitter regrets．A．urgent B．hastyC．instant D．prompt19．What the teacher of the science class does and says of great importance to the students at college．A．was B．areC．is D．were20．The Chinese community there，consisting of 67 000 ，is the largest concentration of Chinese outside Asia．A．visitors B．workersC．adults D．inhabitantsPart II Reading Comprehension(70 minutes，40 points)Directions：There are 5 passages in this part．Each of the passages is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are 4 choices marked A，B，C and D．Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center．Passage OneIn the United States the way people spend their leisure time is an important part of their identity．Perhaps everybody does nearly the same thing all day in the office or the factory，but leisure time is what makes people distinct and reveals who they are．Some people like rock music，for example，and others may like jazz or classical music．Some people are runners or swimmers，and others are“couch(睡椅)potatoes”who“surf”the television channels with a remote control．Some go to museums while others spend long hours at a shopping centre．These kinds of choices are ways that people define themselves．It hasn‘t always been this way．“Leisure time”was almost unknown in the United States in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries．When most people worked on farms，the workday was from sunrise to sunset every day except Sunday，which was devoted to church．Later，with the rise of factories and city populations，people worked equally long hours and had only Sunday for rest．Some people did many of the things then that they do now—attend concerts，have parties，go to restaurants．read novels，or play sports—but to a much lesser extent.Slowly，throughout the twentieth century，leisure time grew．Technology made farm work less burdensome．and changes in laws shortened the factory work day and week．New inventions such as the phonograph(留声机)and the radio gave people access to music and mass entertainment on a scale unknownbefore．People gradually became consumers of entertainment，and businesses competed fiercely for their dollars．For many people leisure time means going somewhere—to a museum , to a concert , to a restaurant, or to a baseball game , for example. Or it means doing something such as playing volleyball，backpacking，swimming，biking，or playing in a park with their children．For other people free time means staying home with wonderful sources of entertainment，such as a VCR，stereo(立体声系统)，or cable TV with dozens of channels．Others pursue creative activities such as cooking，gardening，and home improvement．The latest stay-at-home activity is“surfing the net”—that is．looking for information and entertainment on the Internet．People in the United States are basically not much different from others in what they do in their leisure time．The real difference may lie in the energy，time，money，and sheer enthusiasm that they devote to it．21．“Couch potatoes”in paragraph 1 refers to those who ．A．control their viewing of TV programs B．are happy watching situation comediesC．watch TV while eating potato chips D．are crazy about watching TV programs 22．According to the passage，in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries，some Americans ．A．worked from sunrise to sunset seven days a weekB．preferred working in factories to working on farmsC．had many of the leisure time activities that people now haveD．fought for shorter working hours and more leisure time23．Apart from technology，the growing leisure time throughout the twentieth century is also due to．A．changes in laws B．mass entertainmentC．new types of consumption D．competitive businesses24．In terms of leisure time activities，people in the United States．A．enjoy a larger variety than people in other countriesB．are not much different from people in other countriesC．enjoy more stay—at—home activities such as“surfing the net’’D．are less energetic and enthusiastic than othersPassage TwoWhether you are logging on to your personal computer，using a credit card，or disarming a door security system，passwords or PINs (personal identification numbers)jealously guard access to numerous regular operations．It is estimated that within ten years，consumers could be faced with handling more than 100 passwords! Given the popularity of passwords，how Can you choose ones that are sufficiently complicated to be secure yet are simple enough to remember?There are basic guidelines to bear in mind．First，the don‘ts．Don‘t use as a password your name or that of a member of your family，even in modified form．Also avoid use of your telephone number，your Social Security number，or your address．Such information Can easily be obtained by a determined hacker(黑客)．In addition，if possible，don‘t use passwords made up entirely of letters or digits．A relatively simple computer program can crack such a code quickly．Finally，do not use a word that can be found in any dictionary，even a foreign-language one．Huge lists are available that contain words，place names，and proper names from all languages．Programs can test for variations of these words，such as if they are spelled backward，capitalized，or combined．So，what kinds of passwords should be used? Usually ones that have a minimum of six to eight characters and that have a mixture of upper—and lower-case letters，digits，and punctuation(标点)symbols．How difficult is it to crack such a combination of characters? One source says that“a machine that could try one million passwords per second would require，on the average，over one hundred years．”How can you choose a combination that is easy to remember?Some suggest that you take the title ofa favorite book or film or a line from a song or poem and use the first letter from each word as your password，adding capital letters，punctuation，or other characters．For example，“to be or not to be”could become“2B ／not2B”．Other suggestions include taking two short words and link them with a punctuation character．such as “High。

2023年在职攻读硕士学位硕士全国联考英语试题英语试卷一Part I Dialogue Communication (15 minutes, 15 points)Section A dialogue communicationDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark you answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. Speaker A: Excuse me, but can you tell us where the conference room is?Speaker B: __________ The conference room is located on the third floor of the hotel.A. Of course, sir.B. Yes, please.C. Right, sir.D. You are welcome.2. Speaker A: __________Speaker B: I’m running a temperature, and feel sick.A. What can I do for you?B. What seems to be the trouble?C. What are you doing these days?D. How long has this been going on?3. Speaker A: Nancy, you look very well.Speaker B: Thank you, Jane. You look wonderful too. Your weekend swimming must have done good to you.Speaker A: ______________A. You think so? That’s encouraging.B. That’s very kind of you.C. Are you serious? Thank you anyway.D. Are you kidding? I don’t believe it.4. Speaker A: It took me ten years to build up my business, and it almost killed me.Speaker B: Well, you know what they say: _________A. There is no smoke without fire.B. Practice makes perfect.C. All roads lead to Rome.D. No pains, no gains.5. Speaker A: Don’t you smoke?Speaker B: ______________A. No. Nothing interests me less than smoking.B. Yes. I have never smoked in my life.C. No. Only once in a while.D. Yes. And I hate others smoking in my face.Section B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the four choices given and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.6. Woman: I just found out at registration that the creative writing class is full. Now I have to waita whole year to get in.Man: Why don’t you check back after the first week? Somebody might drop it.Question: What does the man suggest the woman should do?A. Make sure the registration office didn’t make a mistake.B. Decide whether to drop the course next week.C. Find out if a place opens up in the course later.D. Take the course next year.7. Woman: I want to talk with Tom now.Man: You can’t do that. He is in a bad mood.Question: Why can’t the woman talk to Tom now?A. Tom is terribly ill.B. Tom is in low spirits.C. Tom is bad-tempered.D. Tom is very nervous.8. Woman: You often complain a lot about your boss. But today you are different.Man: We had a heart-to-heart talk and I saw him new eyes.Question: What does the man mean?A. He saw his boss as a real person for the first time.B. He is now complaining in a different way.C. He has made his boss change his attitude.D. He has changed his opinion of his boss.9. Woman: Maybe we should take the front street this morning. The radio announcer said that thetraffic is very heavy on the freeway.Man: Well, if he says to take the front street, we should go the other way.Question: What does the man think of the radio announcer?A. He’s humorous.B. He makes no mistakes.C. He doesn’t speak clearly.D. He’s unreliable.10. Woman: I didn’t see you at the concert last night. What’s wrong with you?Man: That’s not my cup of tea.Question: What does the man mean?A. He is not fond of concerts.B. He didn’t like the tea at the concert.C. He left early to have some tea with somebody else.D. He doesn’t want to tell the woman why he was not there.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.11. The work has __________ the status of a classic among the composer’s admirers.A. requiredB. acquiredC. inquiredD. inspired12. Some people think they can read a man’s ________ from his handwriting.A. attributeB. featureC. propertyD. character13. The young heir was so _______ that he gave all his money away in a couple of years.A. handsomeB. genuineC. talentedD. generous14. Only by understanding the Web deeply _______ hope for people to grasp its full potential.A. can there beB. can be thereC. be there canD. there can be15. What you’re _______ to read may challenge your assumptions about the kind of world we livein.A. aroundB. aheadC. aboveD. about16. The goal is to use crops, weeds and even animal waste _______ the petroleum that fuels muchof American manufacturing.A. in terms ofB. in favor ofC. in spite ofD. in place of17. The _______ he said it he knew what a mistake he had made.A. momentB. timeC. occasionD. hour18. I ________ rather solve the problems in my farm myself than seek the help of other people.A. shouldB. shallC. wouldD. will19. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the _______ that its disadvantagesare far greater than its advantages.A. solutionB. conclusionC. answerD. attention20. By the time you have completed the essential training, you _____ exposed to virtually everynew feature of the course.A. will have beenB. will beC. would have beenD. would be21. Too often teachers’_______ with parents involve complaints about children’s misbehaviorsand laziness.A. acquaintancesB. associationsC. conferencesD. consultations22. _________ I admit that the problems are difficult, I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.A. WhenB. WhereC. WhileD. Why23. He should _______ be allowed to get up until he has completely recovered from his illness.A. in caseB. in any caseC. in that caseD. in no case24. If nature does not provide man with the necessary material, it is the laboratory ________ hewill turn to for it.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. what25. All flights ________ because of the snowstorm, they decided to take the train.A. were cancelledB. have been cancelledC. had been cancelledD. having been cancelled26. I really appreciate ________ to help me, but I am sure that I can manage by myself.A. you to comeB. that you comeC. your comingD. how you come27. A new system of quality control was _________to overcome the shortcomings in the firm’sproducts.A. investedB. informedC. introducedD. instructed28. It may be worthwhile at this moment to_____ and see what results we have got after oneyear’s experiments.A. look backB. look aroundC. look upD. look forward29. I don’t think Mr. Watson will come here again today. Please give the ticket to ________ comeshere first.A. whomeverB. whomC. whoD. whoever30. Far too many owners of electric appliances have a hard time ____ qualified repairmen to fixtheir machines.A. findingB. to findC. to findingD. having foundPart III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. Passage OneDon't have time to read anymore? Now you can get free, quick literature via email. More than 100,000 people open their email each day to read a chapter of a book, through Chapter-A-Day, an online book club created two years ago. It's a free email service that provides a short daily reading for busy people, exposing them to literature they may not find on their own, inspiring some to recommit to the reading habit. About 550 public library systems representing over 3,000 branch libraries already have signed up to offer Chapter-A-Day. Via email, participants get about five minutes' worth of reading every day. After three chapters are emailed, the installments stop, and those who want to keep reading can borrow the book at their public library or purchase it online. Chapter-A-Day has eight free book clubs, and sells thousands of books each month.Chapter-A-Day started in 1999 when Suzanne Beecher, a lifelong book lover, realized howmany of the women who worked part-time for her software development company didn't have time in their busy lives to read. She decided to type part of a chapter of a book, and send it to her employees through email. The next day she typed a little more, and continued to send literary installments each day. She says she started getting feedback from the staff about how reading made them feel. “They were interested, and realized that, though they didn't have time in their busy lives for reading, just reading that little bit each day got them back in the habit.” Realizing that many other people could benefit, she decided to take the idea even further and start an email “chapter-a-day” b ook club to help others ease their way back into daily reading. “Reading makes changes in people's lives,” Beecher says.Pat Dempsey, a librarian at a public library in Ohio, has found Chapter-A-Day helps her library clients get back in the habit of r eading. “It's a different way to get people hooked on books,” she says.31. Chapter-A-Day is intended to help people _______.A. get back into the habit of readingB. relieve stress from office workC. find interesting books onlineD. buy books more conveniently32. The passage was written in ___________.A. 1999B. 2023C. 2023D. 202333. It can be inferred that through Chapter-A-Day _________.A. public libraries have become crowded with readersB. Ms Beecher made much money for her software companyC. people begin to read very slowly and patientlyD. people cannot finish reading any book online34. The word “installment” in the passage probably means “ ________. ”A. a library emailB. a rare piece of literatureC. a free novelD. a part of a book35. Ms Beecher decided to expand her Chapter-A-Day service because_____.A. over 3, 000 libraries had joinedB. many other people could benefitC. eight book clubs supported herD. free email service was availablePassage TwoChicago Public Schools are going to great lengths to hire teachers—now the school district recruits teachers from other countries to help solve a shortage of teachers. It all started in 1999, when Rouses Hannon, a math and physics teacher from Palestine(巴勒斯坦), visited Chicago. He read about the teacher shortage at Chicago Public Schools and asked the school board if they’d hire him. The board was interested and decided to create a special program for foreign-born teachers like Hannon, and he was the first teacher hired.The program is called the Global Educator Outreach or GEO, and it’s a partnership between Chicago Public Schools and the U. S. Government. Because the teacher shortage in Chicago is so extreme, the Government allows the school district to temporarily hire foreign teaching candidates using HI-B visas. The Government grants these visas only to skilled foreign-born citizens so they can work in highly specialized jobs that can’t be filled with available U. S. workforce.Through the GEO, the school district has hired dozens of teachers from 22 different countries. Applicants must pass an English language test and specialize in math, science, world language or bilingual(双语旳) education. Hannon and the first GEO teachers started in the classroom at the beginning of the 2023-2023 school year.What do the GEO teachers think of the American classroom? Hannon, who was hired to teach math at Gage Park High School, says classrooms in Chicago are very different from those in Palestine. For one thing, he says, the fixed schedule that forces students to attend the same classes at the same time each day becomes too dull. In Palestine, the class schedule changes each week. He says in Palestine, the culture forces students to work hard because if they don’t they’ll be kicked out and put in vocational schools, which limits their career options. There is not nearly as much pressure for American students to do well. He says he has to do double the amount of work just to get his students interested.36. Chicago Public Schools began to employ foreign teachers because_____.A. there were not enough American teachersB. a program for foreign teachers was startedC. the school board was interested in foreign teachersD. foreign teachers taught better than American teachers.37. The American Government is involved in the program because _______.A. the schools are public schoolsB. the Government is to finance the programC. the Government grants visas to the foreign teachersD. the program involves bilingual education38. It seems that the Global Educator Outreach will_____.A. be difficult to continueB. last a limited period of timeC. pose a threat to US workforceD. be extended to other cities39. Chicago Public Schools do not seem to lack teachers of _______.A. EnglishB. mathC. scienceD. world language40. Hannon, as a GEO teacher, has found that _______.A. class schedules in America and Palestine are very much the sameB. fixed class schedules make it easy for teachers to prepare lessonsC. vocational schools offer a good career option for American studentsD. American students do not work as hard as Palestinian students Passage ThreeWorkforce is defined as the total number of people who are available to work and earn incomes. The definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment, so it includes employers and the self-employed.Although the size of the workforce depends a great deal on the size of the total population, there are several other influences which also affect it. The age distribution of the total population has a very marked effect on the available workforce. If the population has a high proportion of very young people or of those too old to work, then the available workforce would be lower than if there were an evenly spread age distribution. If the population grows rapidly from natural increase, i.e., the number of births greatly exceeds the number of deaths, then as the total population increases, the proportion in the workforce declines.Sometimes a population is described as aging, which means that the birth rate is either falling or growing very slowly, and as people retire from the workforce, there are not enough young people entering it to replace those who are leaving it. The population is top-heavy with older people. So the percentage of the population in the workforce declines when there is either a rapid increase in births or a falling birth rate.The age distribution of the population has several important effects on the economy. If the population is aging and there is an increase in the number of people retiring without a corresponding increase in the number entering the workforce, this raises the problem of the ability of the economy to provide a reasonable level of social services to the retired group. If the aged are to be cared for in special homes or hotels, finances must be available for that purpose. If the size of the workforce is small relative to the total population, then the government tax receipts arerelatively low and either the government has less money available to it or the workforce members have to be taxed more heavily.41. Workforce is composed of _________.A. both the employed and the self-employedB. people employed to work for othersC. both employers and employeesD. people available to work and earn incomes42. The factor that does not influence the size of the workforce is _______.A. the size of the total populationB. the age distribution of a populationC. the national economyD. the natural population growth43. It can be concluded from Paragraph 2 that ________.A. a population growth leads to a greater proportion of workforceB. a large population does not necessarily mean a high proportion of workforceC. the size of the aged determines the proportion of workforceD. the proportion of the very young determines the size of workforce44. The size of the workforce declines when ________.A. many people reach the retiring ageB. the birth rate falls rapidlyC. the number of retirees exceeds that of new workersD. the death rate increases45. The last paragraph focuses on _______.A. the factors that influence the workforce structureB. the importance of workforce distribution to the economyC. the relationship between age distribution and economyD. the influence of population growth on the national economyPassage FourHonesty is the best policy, as the English saying goes. Unfortunately, honesty often deserts us when no one is watching, British psychologists reported last week.Researchers at UK’s Newcastle University set up an experiment in their psychology depar tment’s coffee room. They set a kettle, with tea, coffee and milk on the counter and hung up a sign listing the prices for drinks. People helping themselves to a cup of drink were supposed to put a few cents in the box nearby. The scientists hung a poster above the money box, and it changed each week between images of gazing eyes and pictures of flowers. The researchers found that staff paid 2.76 times more for their drinks when the image of the eyes was hung. “Frankly we were shocked by the size of the effect,” said Gilbert Roberts, one of the researchers.Eyes are known to be a powerful perceptual(感官旳) signal for humans. “Even though the eyes were not real, they still seemed to make people behave more honestly,” said Melissa Bateson,a behavioral biologist and leader of the study.Researchers believe the effect sheds light on our evolutionary past. It may arise from behavioral features that developed when early humans formed social groups to strengthen their chances of survival. For social groups to work, individuals had to co-operate, rather than act selfishly. “There’s an argument that if nobody is watching us, it is in our interests to behave selfishly. But when we’re being watched we should behave better. So people see us as co-operative and behave the same way towards us,” Bateson said.The new finding indicates that people have a striking response to eyes. That might be because eyes and faces send a strong biological signal we have evolved to respond to. The finding could be put to practical use, too. For example, images of eyes could increase ticket sales on public transport and improve supervision systems to prevent antisocial behavior.46. The experiment conducted in Newcastle University shows that ________.A. people enjoy free drinks more than paid onesB. most people are dishonest if nobody is watchingC. people like pictures of flowers more than pictures of eyesD. people are more honest when watched by pictures of eyes47. Gilbert Roberts was shocked because _______ _.A. so many people had participated in the experimentB. so many of the participants were dishonestC. the effects of the pictures of flowers and gazing eyes were so differentD. the effects of eyes and other perceptual signals were so powerful48. The phrase “sheds light on” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”.A. hints atB. makes clearerC. points toD. further proves49. According to the passage, early humans _________.A. were less selfish than the present-day peopleB. were more co-operative in natureC. had to be co-operative to surviveD. had to behave better than the present-day people50. Images of eyes could be put up in the following places EXCEPT _________.A. subway entrancesB. supermarketsC. back streetsD. hotel bedroomsPart IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.German zoologist Randolf Menzel says bees aren’t as busy as people believe they are. “Bees are not particularly ___51___. Instead they sleep a lot and are lazy. They spend ___52___ 80 percent of the night sleeping. Even during the day they often fly to the nest ___53___ they rest their wings,” said Menzel, a zoologist at the Free University in Berlin, who has studied bees forfour decades. But to ___54___ for their apparent laziness, they are actually very intelligent. They are ___55___ learners and able to recognize various smells.Menzel said bees’ learning, like ___56___ of many animals, was based on a reward system. “If a bee is rewarded once for something, it remembers it for a week. But if it is rewarded three times, it will remember it for its ___57___ lifetime,” said Menzel who, last week, was awarded a ___58___ by the German Zoological Society.The memory capacity of bees means they can ___59___ among more than 50 different smells to find the one they want. “What is interesting is that what smells good to a bee, is also a ___60___ smell for humans,” said Menzel.51. A. working hard B. hard working C. hardly working D. working hardly52. A. as to B. as much C. up to D. such as53. A. what B. to which C. in that D. where54. A. compensate B. provide C. search D. account55. A. rapid B. swift C. speedy D. quick56. A. those B. which C. that D. what57. A. full B. integrated C. all D. entire58. A. prize B. praise C. price D. pride59. A. discriminate B. distinguish C. divide D. derive60. A. sickening B. pleasant C. harsh D. graceful英语试卷二Part V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.Each year in the United States more people are killed or injured in accidents—at home, at work or school, at play, or while traveling—than were killed or injured in the Vietnam war. In the early 1990s, about half of these accidental deaths were the result of motor-vehicle accidents. Other major causes of accidental deaths were falls, fires, and poisoning. On a worldwide basis, accidents involving motor vehicles are the primary cause of accidental deaths, followed by accidents in industry and in the home.Efforts to lessen or to eliminate the hazardous conditions that cause accidents are known as safety measures. Safety is a growing concern around the world, and safety skills are being taken more seriously today than ever before. People have came to realize that safety skills can be learned, and most safety experts agree that it is possible to predict, and take steps to prevent, the majority of accidents. Few accidents simply “happen”. Most are caused by ignorance, carelessness, neglect, or lack of skill.Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words about the topic “On the Significance of the Qing-Zang Railroad”. Your composition should be based on the Chinese clues given below.青藏铁路于今年7月1日通车。

在职攻读硕士联考英语-13(总分100, 做题时间90分钟)PartⅠ Dialogue CommunicationSection A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1.A: Good morning, Shevedon Hotel. B: Hello, I'd like to book a double room for this weekend, please. A: ______SSS_SINGLE_SELA What is the matter?B What can I do for you?C OK. Your name, please?D Can I help you?该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:C[解析] 这是客人预订房间的场景对话。

客人已经提出要求“我想在这个周末预订一个双人间。

”A、B、C选项却都反问对方不相关的问题。

2.A: Firstly, allow me to introduce myself. My name is John Brown, manager of **pany. B: ______SSS_SINGLE_SELA You must be mistaken. I don't know you at all.B Hello, Brown, I haven't seen you for ages.C Very nice to see you, Mr. Brown.D Hi, John! Welcome to **pany.该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:C[解析] 这是向别人介绍自己的情景对话。

Xx年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题Part ⅠDialogue Communication (15 minutes，15 points) Section A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. Speaker A: You are 40 minutes late. You tyre broke again this morning?Speaker B: ____________.A. Yes. It’s a good story.B. Yes. What do you think?C. Sorry. It won’t happen again.D. Right. You know me well.2. speaker A: Guess what? Susan published another paper. It’s a third in a month.Speaker B: _________.A. I wish I had her brain.B. You said it.C. How can I guess that?D. Congratulations.3. Speaker A: I’m going home now. Do you want to head out together?Speaker B: _______. I’m going home in about an hour.A. That’s a good idea.B. No way.C. Ok. Thank you.D. No, Thanks.4. Speaker A: You’ll never guess what was going on in our school last week.Speaker B: _______.A. Go on, surprise me.B. Yes. That must be lovely.C. Yes, I can.D. You are telling me.5. Speaker A: This sofa looks quite comfortable. What do you think about it?Speaker B: ________. If I were you, I’d buy that one.A. I know little about it.B. I don’t think much of it.C. Why don’t you buy it?D. You know better.Section B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the 4 choices given and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.6. Woman: I don’t know how Shawn feels after I turned down his business proposal.Man: He’s cool with it.Question: What does the man mean?A. Shawn feels hurt.B. Shawn doesn’t mind it.C. Shawn is a calm person.D. Shawn knows nothing about it.7. Man: Would you like to have some ice-cream? I’ve got a variety of flavors.Woman: I wish I could, but I just can’t. I ’m on a diet.Question: What do we learn about the woman?A. She is difficult to please.B. She is particular about flavor.C. She is trying to lose weight.D. She is crazy about ice-cream.8. Woman: I think the author was indicating that he was supporting the lines.Man: He said one thing, but he meant another. You have to read between the lines. Question: What should the woman do to fully understand the author?A. Leave out unimportant parts.B. Read again and again.C. Look for other references.D. Find the hidden meanings.9. Woman: I can’t stand him any more, so picky and fussy!Man: What can you say? H e pays for your bread.Question: What does the man mean?A. The woman can make a suggestion.B. The woman has to tolerate her boss.C. The woman needs to pay for her own bread.D. The woman doesn’t understand the situation.10. Woman: When can you ever listen to what I have to say?Man: Can you do me a favor an disappear now?Question: What does the man mean?A. He doesn’t want to be bothered.B. He doesn’t need the woman’s help.C. He will listen to the woman later.D. He never wants to see the woman again.PartⅡVocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.11. This crime fiction was _______very popular but nobody reads it today.A. onceB. everC. neverD. always12. American woman were ________the right to vote until 1920.A. ignoredB. refusedC. deprivedD. denied13. Experts have _____ with effective measures to prevent the disease from spreading.A. caught upB. put upC. come upD. kept up14. We cannot trust Steve any more because he often ____his duty.A. cancelsB. abandonsC. desertsD. neglects15. In the early 1980s, though Coke was the leading soft drink, it was losing market _______toPepsi.A. partB. shareC. placeD. ratio16. There is no cure for the disease yet, but these drugs can ______its development.A. break downB. take downC. slow downD. track down17. In the desert, even a small cup of water may be a ______of life or death.A. businessB. matterC. factD. thing18. S he had yet become accustomed ______ the fact that she was a rich woman.A. forB. withC. aboutD. to19. The organization has published a ________ digest of environmental statistics for five years.A. regularB. frequentC. randomD. fixed20. I want to see the old part of the town where the essence of Beijing is best _____.A. observedB. reservedC. preservedD. conserved21. Reporters rushed to the airport after the CNN reported that nine passengers ______by a“terrorist” on the plane.A. were holdingB. holdC. had heldD. were being held22. Not long ______she registered a new number, she received five calls in one day.A. afterwardsB. afterC. agoD. since23. Nice words may win friends, but only one’s good personality can hold ______.A. itB. thoseC. thatD. them24. It was _______ the chief engineer came _______we began the experiment.A. not until ; thatB. not until ; thenC. until ; thatD. until ; when25. About fifty million Americans are active in ________ is called fitness walking.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. something26. We waited for the decision for the whole afternoon, only _______ to return the next day.A. to be toldB. were toldC. being toldD. having been told27. As a result of the work, he found less time than he ______ for his hobbies.A. must have hopedB. had hopedC. should have hopedD. has hoped28. Some of them were well behaved, ________ were insulting.A. and theyB. but theyC. while othersD. as others29. The journalist feels he has a responsibility to ensure ________ the customers are not misled.A. whetherB. so thatC. as ifD. that30. The matter ______, we decided to proceed to the next program on the agenda.A. was settledB. settledC. had been settledD. had settledPart III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage OneIt happens to us all, however hard we may try to delay the process---we grow old. Surgery may remove wrinkles （皱纹）, skin which has become less firm may be tightened by a surgical operation on the face, and hair dressers may dye grey hair a more youthful color. But we cannot remain young forever.Advances in medicine have made it possible for more people to stay alive longer. However what is important is the quality of life, and people age differently. Some people remain quite well and able to look after themselves when they get old. But others of the same age are not so lucky. They have to go into a nursing home in order to receive adequate care.The worst aspect of ageing is that often the mind becomes less alert. As people grow older,they often experience loss of short-term memory, although they may well be able to recall quite easily events that happened long ago. Later they may suffer from dementia （痴呆）, a disease which gets gradually worse.By no means all elderly people are in this category. Many senior citizens are in possession of all their faculties and see retirement as a time of freedom. Not only that, if they have a generous retirement pension, they are likely to be quite well off, with money to spend on holidays and other luxuries. Because of this, both businesses and government have a new respect for what is known as grey power.By no means, however, does everyone treat OAPs with respect. There are some cultures which are noted for the great respect with which they treat their old people, but many people in other cultures regard the old as having a very low status in society and treat them accordingly. They often consider old people as having one foot in the grave. Someone should remind them that they, too, will be old one day.31. Elderly people who cannot look after themselves go to ______.A. nursing homesB. residences close to hospitalsC. community centersD. homes of their children32. The worst aspect of ageing is ________.A. inability to look after oneselfB. low retirement pensionC. getting more and more forgetfulD. inadequate medical care33. What is the reason that businesses respect the elderly?A. The elderly are wise.B. The elderly have knowledge.C. The elderly are mentally alert.D. The elderly have spending power.34. “OAP”( Para.5 ) most likely means “_________”.A. old age programB. old age powerC. old age partyD. old age pensioner35. According to the author, how people treat the elderly relates to _______.A. their occupationsB. their cultural backgroundsC. their education levelsD. the amount of their free timePassage TwoThe swan is mostly silent through its life, unable to sing sweet songs like most other birds, In Ancient times, however, people believed a swan sings the most beautiful song just before it dies. The ancient Greek philosopher Socrates talked of this 2, 300 years ago. Socrates explained that the swan was singing because it was happy. T he bird was happy because it was going to serve the Greek God Apollo. Swans were holy to Apollo, the god of poetry and song.The story of the swan’s last song found a place in the works of other writers, including the early English writers Chaucer and Shakespeare. And the expression “swan song ” has long been a part of the English language. At first, “swan song ” meant the last work of a poet, musician or writer. Now, it means the final effort of any person. Someone’s swan song usually is also considered that person’s finest work.A political expression with a similar meaning is “the last hurrah”. The expression may be used to describe a politician’s last campaign, his final attempt to win cheers and votes. The lasthurrah also can mean the last acts of a politician, before his term in office ends. Writer Edwin O’Connor made the expression popular in 1956. He wrote a book about the final years in the political life of a long time mayor of Boston. He called his book The Last Hurrah.Some language experts say the expression came from a name given to noisy supporters of Andrew Jackson, America’s seventh president. They cheered hurrah so loudly for Andy Jackson during his presidential campaign that they became known as the hurrah boys.Jackson’s hurrah boys also played a part in the election to choose the next president. Jackson’s choice was his vice president, Martin Van Buren. A newspaper of the time reported that Van Buren was elected president: “…by the hurrah boys, and those who knew just enough to shout hurrah for Jackson.” President Jackson really heard his last hurrahs in the campaign of the man who would replace him in the White House.36. In ancient times, people believed that a swan sings most beautifully _______.A. before deathB. when is happyC. for ApolloD. in front of other birds37. According to Socrates, swans were __________.A. holy birdsB. happy birdsC. pets of a Greek GodD. in front of other birds38. The English expression “swan song”_________.A. was first used by ChaucerB. changed its meaning through timeC. means the best song ever createdD. refers to a work of Shakespeare39. Martin Van Buren _______.A. was the U.S. president before JacksonB. served as the eighth U.S. presidentC. is the author of The Last HurrahD. was a political rival of O’Connor40. President Jackson’s last hurrah was to ________.A. express his gratitude to his supportersB. win the final cheers from his supportersC. defeat another candidate in the electionD. help his vice president get electedPassage ThreeThere is no question that academic enterprise has become increasingly global, particularly in the sciences. Nearly three million students now study outside their home countries——a 57% increase in the last decade. Foreign students now dominate many U.S. doctoral programs, accounting for 64% of Ph. Ds in computer science, for example.Faculty members are on the move, too. Half of the world’s top physicists no longer work in their native countries. And major institutions such as New York University are creating branch campuses in the Middle East and Asia. There are now 162satellite campuses worldwide, an increase of 43% in just the past three years.At the same time, growing numbers of traditional source countries for students, from South Korea to Saudi Arabia （沙特阿拉伯）, are trying to improve both the quantity and quality of theirown degrees, engaging in a fierce and expensive race to recruit students and create worldclass research universities of their own.Such competition has led to considerable hand-writing in the West. During a 2008 campaign stop, for instance, then-candidate Barack Obama expressed alarm about the threat that such academic competition poses to U.S. competitiveness. Such concerns are not limited to the United States. In some countries worries about educational competition and brain drains have led to academic protectionism. India, for instance, places legal and bureaucratic in front of Western universities that want to set up satellite campuses to enroll local students.Perhaps some of the anxiety over the new global academic enterprise is understandable. Particularly in a period of massive economic uncertainty. But educational protectionism is as big a mistake as trade protectionism is. The globalization of higher education should be embraced. not feared——including in the United States. There is every reason to believe that the worldwide competition for human talent, the race to produce innovative research, the push to extend university campuses to multiple countries, and the rush to train talented graduates who can strengthen economics increasingly knowledge –based economics will be good for the United States, as well.41. A feature of the globalization of the academic enterprise is that more students _____.A. study in foreign countriesB. major in computer scienceC. take joint doctoral programsD. return home after studying abroad42. A satellite campus is probably a branch campus that a university sets up _________.A. in developed countriesB. in another countryC inside another university D. on the Internet43. The word “hand-wringing ”(Para.4) probably means “________”.A. angerB. in another countryC. interestsD. delight44. Academic protectionism is characterized by _____.A. enlarging enrollment of local studentsB. limiting the growth of Ph. D. programsC. creating more satellite campuses abroadD. restricting satellite campuses of foreign universities45. In the last paragraph, the author tries to emphasize that _____.A. the academic enterprise has become globalB. academic competition has led to protectionismC. worries over educational competition are understandableD. educational protectionism cannot be justifiedPassage FourWho says your job leaves you no time to hit the gym? A detailed new study of U. S. physical activity patterns shows that men who work full-time whether their jobs are active or sedentary end up getting more exercise than healthy working –age men without a job.The new study comes from researchers at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), As part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2003, some, 1, 800 working-age adultswere asked questions about their lifestyle and work habits, and, most importantly, they then agreed to wear an accelerometer—a device to measure their physical activity —over the course of several days.Those data from the accelerometers provide a rare opportunity to nail down how much activity the typical American actually does.They show that men or women who work in active jobs do more physical activity on weekdays than men or women working in sedentary jobs. That’s perhaps not surprising, but the NIH researchers suggest that it still matters because of an ongoing shift in the economy toward sedentary work.The more surprising finding is the one that compares full-time workers to people who don’t work. The study shows that men with full-time jobs do more physical activity than healthy men without jobs. (“Healthy man, ”in this case, were those men who said their primary reason for being out of work was something other than health or disability.) In fact, even sedentary fulltime workers performed more weekday physical activity overall than the healthy non-workers The results looked very different for women. Women in sedentary jobs did less physical activity on weekdays than their healthy non-working peers.So what drives the gender （性别）difference? The study looks at the patterns, and unfortunately can’t provide too much detail about their causes. There could be many possible answers, including, perhaps, different abilities to pay for leisure time activities, or different attitudes about work and physical activity. It could also be that more non-working women than men are choosing to be at home running around full-time after the kids.But the NIH researchers do find evidence, they write, to suggest that, whatever causes the difference, healthy non-working women “are replacing work with active pursuits whereas ”for some reason —“[non-working ]men generally are not.”46. A sedentary job ( Para. 1 ) is one that involves ________.A. staying seated a lotB. intensive concentrationC. moving about a lotD. superb skills47. What is the function of the accelerometers in the study?A. They record people’s physical activities.B. They measure people’s workload.C. They distinguish gender differences.D. They push people to be more active.48. What is a possible reason for non-working women to be physically active?A. They are well-educated.B. Their kids keep them busy.C. They are open-minded.D. Their husbands influence them.49. The study tries to identify________.A. the ongoing economy trendB. evidence for gender differencesC. the American physical activity patternsD. the relation between work and leisure50. Who are the least physically active according to the study?A. Men with sedentary jobs.B. Men with active jobs.C. Healthy women with no jobs.D. Healthy men with no jobs.Part IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Ants first captured the attention of software engineers in the early 1990s. A single ant cannot do much on its own. But a group of ants 51 can solve complex problems. That inspired people like Marco Dorigo, who is one of the founders of a 52 known as group intelligence.Ants are good at choosing the shortest possible route between a food 53 and their nest. This reminds us of a classic computational travelling-salesman problem. Given a list of cities and their 54 apart, the salesman must find the shortest route needed to visit each city once. As the number of cities 55 , the problem gets more complicated.Ants solve their own problem using chemical signals called pheromones （信息素）.When an ant finds food, she takes it back to the nest, 56 a pheromone trail that will attract others. The more ants that 57 the trail, the stronger it becomes. 58 the pheromones evaporate （挥发）quickly, so once all the food has been collected, the trail soon goes cold. This rapid evaporation means long trails are less 59 than short ones, all else being equal. Pheromones thus turn the 60 intelligence of the individual ants into something more powerful.51. A. by the way B. as a wholeC. for some timeD. on the average52. A. field B. profession C. company D. fund53. A. range B. source C. chain D. origin54. A. locations B. positions C. spaces D. distances55. A. changes B. holds C. grows D. decreases56. A. putting aside B. working onC. waiting forD. leaving behind57. A. follow B. lead C. surround D. avoid58. A. Therefore B. Furthermore C. Then D. However59. A. interesting B. important C. attractive D. visible60. A. interrupted B. limited C. considerable D. unreliablePart V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.One of the keys to speaking English like a native is the ability to use and understand casual expressions, or idioms, American English is full of idioms. You won’t learn these expressions in a standard textbook. But you will hear them all the time in everyday conversations. You’ll also meet them in books, newspapers, magazines, and TV shows.Idioms add color to the language. Master idioms and your speech will be less awkward, less foreign. You’ll also understand more of that you read and hear. Often a student of English tries to translate idioms word-for-word, or literally. If you do this, you can end up asking, ”what could thispossibly mean?” This is why idioms are difficult: they work as groups of words, not as individual words. If you translate each word on its own, you’ll miss the meaning and in many cases end up with nonsense.Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words on the topi c of “What Do I Do to Stay Healthy? ”. You may base your composition on the Chinese clues given below and put your composition on the ANSWER SHEET.健康的标志是……为了健康，最重要的是要……我个人保持健康的做法是……2011年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题答案1. CADDB BCDBA11. ADCDB CBDAC21. DBDAC ABCDB31. ACDDB AABBB41. ABBDD AABCD51. DABDC DADCB英译汉参考译文要把英语说得像本族人那么地道，关键之一是能够理解和使用通俗用语或习语。