财务会计英语.ppt

legal entity.
J & M, Inc.
Advantages • The ability to obtain large
amounts of resources by issuing stocks • Limited liability for the owners
Disadvantages
Limitation on Life of Entity
Proprietorship Yes
Corporation No
Partnership
Yes
LLC
Yes
Comparison of Alternate Entity Characteristics
Ease of Raising Capital
Taxation
Proprietorship Corporation Partnership LLC
Nontaxable entity Taxable entity Nontaxable entity Nontaxable entity by election
Comparison of Alternate Entity Characteristics
Withdrawals by the owner are recorded in the owner’s drawing account.
Equity Reporting for Alternative Entity Forms
Proprietorships
Greene Landscapes
Statement of Owner’s Equity
LLC provides limited liability for the members. LLCs must file “articles of organization” with

– Cash – Accounts receivable – Merchandise inventory – Furniture – Land
Copyright © 2007 Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved
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Claims to the Assets
• Liabilities – economic obligations payable to an individual or organization outside the business
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Reliability (Objectivity) Principle
• Accounting information is based on the most reliable data available
– Verifiable – Free from bias – Individuals would arrive at similar conclusions
– Formulated by Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)
Copyright © 2007 Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved
11
GAAP
• Primary objective of financial accounting – provide information that is useful for making investment and lending decisions
Copyright © 2007 Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved
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A long position involves inflows greater than outflows in a currency and a short position involved outflows greater than inflows. 多头是一种货币的流入大于流出，而空头指一种货币的流出大于 流入。
Finance Vocabulary——常用金融词汇
A.T.M.
AutomatedTellerMachi ne; cashdispenser
Banknote
Piece of paper money
Legal tender
Loan Donate
Currency that cannot legally be refused as payment
Money paid for borrowing or investing money
Written order to a bank to pay the stated amount from one's account
Sum of money to be returned with interest
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If you go short and the futures price goes up, you lose money. 如果你卖空而期货价格上升，你就赔钱。
Futures is one of the types of financial futures. 外汇期货是金融期货的一种。
The futures price is not constant until the contract expires. 直到其期货合约到期之前，期货价格才稳定。
Futures markets provide a current consensus of knowledgeable opinions about the future price of commodities or financial instruments. 期货市场提供了 对商品或金融工具未来价格综合信息所作出的市场判断。

Accounting, 5/E
GUOWEI HUST11 - 14
15Salary Expense 10,000 Employee Income Tax Payable FICA Tax Payable Employee Union Dues Payable Salary Payable To record salary expense
Accounting, 5/E
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Estimated Vacation Pay Liability Example
Suppose Lloyd’s Sporting Store has a March payroll of $10,000 and vacation pay adds 4% (2 weeks of annual vacation divided by 50 workweeks each year). How much vacation pay should be accrued?
10,000
Accounting, 5/E
GUOWEI HUST11 - 10
11
Short-Term Notes Payable Issued at a Discount
Shanitha Balance Sheet Current liabilities: Note payable, short-term $10,000 Less: Discount on note payable 300 Note payable, short-term, net $ 9,700

Accounting, 5/E
GUOWEI HUST11 - 13
14
Accrued Expenses (Liabilities)...

Management accounting (next page)
Management accounting:
use both historical data in assisting management daily operations and in planning future operations.
concepts one more time. • Combine both freely but English is more
important.
二 Improve English by ….
– Read textbook in class and after class – Remember new words – Answer questions in exercise is important – Overlook some parts while emphasizing some
• Financial accounting: provides external reports o outsiders, financial information.
2 Reporting management information to internal users
Internal users are senior management-level personnel.
• What do you think?
二 Functions
1 Reporting financial information to outside interested users
• Outside users are:investors,banks and other creditors,government agencies,general publics

2. Describe and illustrate the equity reporting for proprietorships, corporations, partnerships, and limited liability corporations.
3. Describe and illustrate the accounting for forming a partnership.
Disadvantages • Difficulty in raising
large amounts of capital • Unlimited liability
Alternative Forms of Business Entities
A corporation is organized under state or federal statutes as a separate
Alternative Forms of Business Entities
A proprietorship is owned by one individual.
Advantages
• Ease in organizing • Low cost of
organizing
Joe’s
Review of Chapter 1
Chapter 13
Partnerships and Limited Liability Corporations
Accounting, 21st Edition
Warren Reeve Fess
PowerPoint Presentation by Douglas Cloud
Professor Emeritus of Accounting Pepperdine University

1-5
Main knowledge
This chapter begins our study of accounting. It has three goals: (1) To describe what accounting is (2) To explore why it is useful (3) To introduce three dimensions critical to
understanding and using accounting: economic concepts accounting conventions institutional context
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Main knowledge
We begin by defining accounting. We then explore accounting by introducing its basic
1-22
1.1.2 Financial Statements
Balance Sheet Income Statement Statement of Cash Flows Statement of Changes in Shareholders’
Equity Statement of Retained Earnings
by considering accounting information are presented and discussed.
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Main knowledge
Finally, we present the foundation of the framework of economic concepts, accounting conventions, and institutional context on which we base future chapters.

LO 3: Journalising
Journalizing – Simple journal entries.
On September 1, stockholders invested $15,000 cash in exchange for ordinary shares, and Softbyte purchased computer equipment for $7,000 cash.
Record of increases and decreases in a specific asset, liability, equity, income, or expense item.
Account Name
Debit / Dr.
Credit / Cr.
Debit = “Left” Credit = “Right”
LO 4: The Ledger
Chart of Accounts
Illustration 2-18
LO 4: The Ledger
Standard Form of Account
➢ T-account form used in accounting textbooks. ➢ Ledger form used in practice.
1 600
Service Revenue
1 600
31 Cash
900
Accounts Receivable
900
Required
(a) Post the transactions to T accounts.
(b) Prepare a trial balance as at 31 August 2011.

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Time-Period Concept
A fiscal year ends on a date other than December 31. Most retailers, including Wal-Mart and J.C.Penney, use a fiscal year that ends on January 31 because the low point in their business activity falls after Christmas.
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Under accrual accounting, cash transactions are recorded as well as noncash transactions such as: ➢Purchases of inventory on account ➢Sales on account ➢Depreciation expense ➢Accrual of expenses incurred but not yet paid ➢Usage of prepaid rent, insurance, and supplies
➢ A fiscal year ends on a date other than December 31.Interim financial statements are usually prepared for periods such as a month, a quarter, or semiannual period.
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Closing accounts
Debit each revenue account for its credit balance and credit Retained Earnings for the sum of the revenues. Credit each expense account for its debit balance. Debit retained earnings for the sum of the expenses . Credit the dividends account for its debit balance. Debit Retained Earnings.

财务会计英语unit1
Section1 Accounting Equation and Accounting Elements
• Expense (费用) are the gross outflow of economic benefits resulted from the course of ordinary activities resulting in decreases in owner’s equity caused by the business’ revenueproducing operations, other than the decreases from distributions of profits to owners.
Section 3 Journalizing and Posting
Section 4 Financial Statements
财务会计英语unit1
Section1 Accounting Equation and Accounting Elements • 1.1 The accounting equation
财务会计英语unit1
Section1 Accounting Equation and Accounting Elements
Current assets (流动资产) are short-term assets including cash, bank deposit, accounts receivable, inventory, etc. Fixed assets (固定资产) are non-current assets, including land, buildings, equipment, furniture, etc. Intangible assets (无形资产) are also non-current assets, including patents, copyrights, licenses, franchises, goodwill, etc.