考博英语(完形填空)历年真题试卷汇编7.doc

考博英语（阅读理解）历年真题试卷汇编7(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 3. Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionWe have known for a long time that the organization of any particular society is influenced by the definition of the sexes and the distinction drawn between them. But we have realized only recently that the identity of each sex is not so easy to pin down, and that definitions evolve in accordance with different types of culture known to us, that is, scientific discoveries and ideological revolutions. Our nature is not considered as immutable, either socially or biologically. As we approach the beginning of the 21st century, the substantial progress made in biology and genetics is radically challenging the roles, responsibilities and specific characteristics attributed to each sex, and yet, scarcely twenty years ago, these were thought to be “ beyond dispute”. We can safely say, with a few minor exceptions, that the definition of the sexes and their respective functions remained unchanged in the West from the beginning of the 19th century to the 1960s. The role distinction, raised in some cases to the status of uncompromising dualism on a strongly hierarchical model, lasted throughout this period, appealing for its justification to nature, religion and customs alleged to have existed since the dawn of time. The woman bore children and took care of the home. The man set out to conquer the world and was responsible for the survival of his family, by satisfying their needs in peacetime and going to war when necessary. The entire world order rested on the divergence of the sexes. Any overlapping or confusion between the roles was seen as a threat to the time-honored order of things. It was felt to be against nature, a deviation from the norm. Sex roles were determined according to the “place” appropriate to each. Women’s place was, first and foremost, in the home. The outside world, i.e. workshops, factories and business firms, belonged to men. This sex-based division of the world(private and public)gave rise to a strict dichotomy between the attitudes, which conferred on each is special identity. The woman, sequestered at home, “cared, nurtured and conserved. “ To do this, she had no need to be daring, ambitious, tough or competitive. The man, on the other hand, competing with his fellow men, was caught up every day in the struggle for survival, and hence developed those characteristics which were thought natural in a man. Today, many women go out to work, and their reasons for doing so have changed considerably. Besides the traditional financial incentives, we find ambition and personal fulfillment motivating those in the most favorable circumstances, and the wish to have a social life and to get out of their domestic isolation influencing others. Above all, for all women, work is invariably connected with the desire for independence.1．It is only in recent years that we have recognized that______.A．there is almost no clue to the identity of both sexesB．the role distinction between different sexes is conspicuousC．the different definitions of sexes bears on the development of cultureD．the progress of civilization greatly influences the role definitions of sexes正确答案：D解析：细节题。

考博士英语试题及答案一、词汇和语法（共20分，每题2分）1. The word "innovate" is most closely related to which of the following?A. CreateB. ImitateC. DuplicateD. Annihilate答案：A2. Which sentence is grammatically correct?A. She has been working here since she graduated.B. She has been working here since she graduated from university.C. She has been working here since she graduated university.D. She has been working here since she was graduated.答案：B3. The correct usage of the word "subsequent" is demonstrated in which sentence?A. The subsequent event was unexpected.B. The subsequent events were unexpected.C. The subsequent event was not expected.D. The subsequent events were not expected.答案：B4. What is the antonym of "abundant"?A. ScarceB. AbundantC. PlentifulD. Ample答案：A5. The phrase "at the mercy of" means:A. To be in a position of power.B. To be controlled by someone or something.C. To show mercy to someone.D. To be in a state of uncertainty.答案：B...二、阅读理解（共30分，每篇阅读5题，每题2分）Passage 1[文章内容略]6. What is the main idea of the passage?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]7. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]8. The author's attitude towards the subject can be best described as:A. SkepticalB. OptimisticC. NeutralD. Pessimistic答案：[正确答案]9. What does the term "paradigm shift" refer to in the context of the passage?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]10. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案][其他Passage及问题略]三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）[文章内容略]11. The blank [ ] should be filled with:A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]12. The word that best completes the sentence is:A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]...四、翻译（共20分，每题5分）13. Translate the following sentence into English: [中文句子]答案：[英文翻译]14. Translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: [英文句子]答案：[中文翻译]...五、写作（共10分）15. Write an essay of about 300 words on the topic "The Impact of Technology on Education".[写作指导略][学生作文略]注意：以上试题及答案仅为示例，实际考试内容会有所不同。

医学考博英语试题及答案一、词汇与语法（共20分，每题1分）1. The new drug is reported to be effective in treating_______.A. hypertensionB. hypotensionC. hyperactivityD. hypoactivity答案：A2. The patient's condition has been stable since the _______ of the medication.A. administrationB. admissionC. communicationD. commutation答案：A3. The doctor advised the patient to avoid _______ foods.A. allergenicB. allergicC. allergenD. allergy答案：A4. The _______ of the surgery was successful, but thepatient's recovery was slow.A. executionB. implementationC. performanceD. operation答案：D5. The _______ of the disease is influenced by genetic factors.A. progressionB. regressionC. transmissionD. transition答案：A二、阅读理解（共30分，每篇5分）Passage 1Recent studies have shown that a balanced diet can significantly reduce the risk of heart disease. Experts recommend consuming a variety of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. It is also important to limit the intake of salt, sugar, and saturated fats.5. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of a balanced dietB. The role of fruits and vegetables in heart healthC. The dangers of salt, sugar, and saturated fatsD. The benefits of lean proteins and healthy fats答案：A6. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT recommended for heart health?A. Consuming a variety of fruits and vegetablesB. Eating whole grainsC. Limiting the intake of salt and sugarD. Eating large amounts of saturated fats答案：DPassage 2The use of electronic health records (EHRs) has increased significantly in recent years. EHRs provide a comprehensive view of a patient's medical history, which can improve the quality of care. However, the implementation of EHRs also presents challenges, such as ensuring data privacy and security.7. What is the main advantage of EHRs mentioned in the passage?A. They provide a complete medical historyB. They improve patient-doctor communicationC. They reduce medical errorsD. They lower healthcare costs答案：A8. What challenge is associated with the use of EHRs?A. Ensuring data privacy and securityB. Training medical staff to use the systemC. Maintaining the hardware for the systemD. Complying with legal regulations答案：A三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）In recent years, telemedicine has become increasingly popular as a means of providing medical care to patients in remoteareas. This approach allows doctors to consult with patients via video conference, 9. which can save both time and money. Telemedicine can also 10. provide access to specialized care that may not be available locally.9. A. therebyB. moreoverC. howeverD. otherwise答案：A10. A. potentiallyB. actuallyC. certainlyD. occasionally答案：A四、翻译（共30分，每题15分）将下列句子从英文翻译成中文。

考博英语历年真题试卷《考博英语历年真题试卷》As an aspiring doctoral student, the journey to obtaining a PhD is a challenging and rigorous one. One of the major milestones in this journey is the examination process, and the English language proficiency test is a crucial component of this process. The "考博英语历年真题试卷" (Doctoral English Language Proficiency Test Past Papers) is an invaluable resource for students preparing for this exam. The past papers provide a comprehensive overview of the types of questions that may be asked in the exam, as well as the format and structure of the test. By studying these papers, students can gain a better understanding of the exam's requirements and expectations, and can tailor their preparation accordingly. Furthermore, the past papers also serve as a valuable practice tool for students. By attempting the questions in the papers, students can assess their current level of English proficiency and identify areas for improvement. This allows them to focus their efforts on areas where they may be weaker, and to develop strategies for tackling different types of questions.In addition to being a practical study aid, the past papers also offer insight into the evolution of the exam over the years. By studying older papers, students can gain a better understanding of how the exam has changed and adapted over time, and can anticipate potential trends or patterns in the types of questions that may be asked in future exams.Overall, the "考博英语历年真题试卷" is an essential resource for any studentpreparing for the English language proficiency test as part of their doctoral studies. By using these past papers as a study aid, students can gain a better understanding of the exam's requirements, assess their current level of proficiency, and develop effective strategies for success. With diligent preparation and the help of these past papers, students can approach the exam with confidence and achieve their goal of obtaining a PhD.。

考博英语（完形填空）模拟试卷20(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. ClozeClozeOne of the basic characteristics of capitalism is the private ownership of the major means of production—capital. The ownership of large amounts of capital can bring【1】profits, as well as economic and political power. Some recent theorists,【2】, have argued that our society has moved to a new stage of【3】that they call “postindustrial” society. One important change in such society is that the ownership of 【4】amounts of capital is no longer the only or even the most important【5】of profits and influence; knowledge as well as【6】capital brings profits and influence. There are many【7】with the thesis above, not the least of【8】is that wealthy capitalists can buy the experts and knowledge they need to keep their profits and influence. But this does not【9】the importance of knowledge in an advanced industrial society, as the 【10】of some new industries indicates.【11】, genetic engineering and the new computer technology have【12】many new firms and made some scientists quite rich. In【13】with criticism of the postindustrial society thesis, however, it must also be【14】that those already in control of huge amounts of capital(i. e. , major corporations)soon 【15】to take most profits in these industries based on new knowledge. Moving down from the level of wealth and power, we still find knowledge increasingly【16】. Many new high-tech jobs are being created at the upper-skill, low-paying service【17】. Something like a caste line is emerging centered around knowledge. Individuals who fall too far behind in the【18】of knowledge at a young age will find it almost impossible to catch up later, no matter how hard they try. Illiteracy in English language has been a severe【19】for many years in the United States, but we are also moving to the point when computer illiteracy will hinder many more people and【20】them to a life of low-skill and low-paid labor.1．【1】A．quantitativeB．extensiveC．comprehensiveD．sophisticated正确答案：B解析：B项“extensive广大的”符合文意，如：The school has extensive playingfields．(这个学校有宽阔的活动场地。

考博英语（完形填空）练习试卷33(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. ClozeClozeAn Indian anthropologist. Chandra Thapar, made a study of foreign cultures, which had customs similar to【1】of his native land. One culture in【2】fascinated him because it reveres one animal【3】sacred, much as the people in India【4】the cow. The things he discovered might interest you【5】you will be studying India as part of this course. The tribe Dr. Thapar【6】is called the Asu and is found on the American continent north of the Tamhumara of Mexico. Though it seems to be a【7】developed society of its type, it has an overwhelming【8】with the care and feeding of the rac—an animal much like a bull in size, strength and temperament. In the Asu tribe, it is almost a social【9】to own at least one【10】not more racs. People not possessing at least one are【11】in low esteem by the community because they are too poor to【12】one of these beasts properly. Some members of the tribe, to【13】their wealth and social prestige, even own【14】of racs. 【15】the rac breed is not very healthy and usually does not live more than five to seven years. Each family invests large【16】of money each year to keep its rac healthy and shod, for it has a tendency to throw its shoes often. There are rare【17】in each community, perhaps more than one if the community is particularly【18】. These specialists, however, due to the long period of ritual training they must undergo and【19】the difficulty of obtaining the right selection of charms to treat the rac, demand【20】offerings whenever a family must treat an ailing rac.1．A．thoseB．thatC．itD．them正确答案：A解析：此处代词应代替前面customs，所以选those。

考博英语（完形填空）历年真题试卷汇编3(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. ClozeCloze（中国矿业大学2010年试题）More than 600 million girls live in poverty in the developing world. Many of them are【1】in school and are not given the same opportunities【2】boys. New programs are aimed【3】helping girls and their families succeed. The unequal treatment of【4】is a big problem in many parts of the globe. But a new campaign hopes to show that girls can be the solution【5】ending poverty, disease and other global issues. It’s called the “girl effect. “According to the girl effect theory, one girl can make a positive change in the world, as【6】as she’s given a chance to succeed. An extra year of secondary school can boost a girl’s earnings【7】as much as 25%. If the 600 million girls in the developing world who live in poverty increased their earnings,【8】could lift the world economy. Studies show that women are【9】likely than men to spend their paychecks【10】their families. With women working, children are more likely to stay in school, be better fed and be healthier.1．【1】正确答案：discriminated解析：空格所在句子大意为：许多女孩在学校里受到——。

考博英语（完形填空）历年真题试卷汇编20(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 4. ClozeCloze(北京航空航天大学2016年试题) The front matter of a book consists of the title, subtitle, table of contents, and preface. But the【C1】______of readers who pay no attention to the signals is larger than you might expect, unless you happen to be one of those who are【C2】______to admit it. I have this experience again and again 【C3】______students. I have asked them【C4】______a book was about. I have asked them to tell me, in the most general【C5】______, what sort of book it was. This, I have【C6】______, is a good way, almost an indispensable【C7】______, to begin a discussion. Many students are【C8】______to answer this first and simplest question about the book. Sometimes they apologize【C9】______that they haven’t finished reading it yet, and【C10】______do not know. That’s no【C11】______, I point out. Did you look at the title? Did you study the【C12】______? Did you read the preface【C13】______introduction? No, they did not. The front matter of a book【C14】______to be like the ticking of a clock,【C15】______you notice only when it is not there. One reason why titles and prefaces are【C16】______by so many readers is that they do not think【C17】______important to clarify the book they are reading. They do not follow this first【C18】______. If they tried to follow it, they【C19】______be grateful to the author【C20】______them.1．【C1】A．majorityB．amountC．numberD．figure正确答案：C解析：空格所在句是说不关注这些信息的读者数量要比人们预想的多。

考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编7(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．The apartment was______at $20,000 and its owner was happy about that. (2009年北京航空航天大学考博试题)A．assaultedB．assessedC．assertedD．avenged正确答案：B解析：四个选项的意思分别是：assaulted攻击，突袭；assessed评价，估值；asserted断言，宣称；avenged报仇，复仇。

根据句子意思可知，正确答案是B 选项。

如：The lawyers assessed the property at $35,000(律师们估计这笔财产价值35000美元。

)2．It is too early to ______ the effect of the new measure.(2004年湖北省考博试题)A．administerB．assessC．elevateD．contribute正确答案：B解析：本题意为“评价新措施的影响为时尚早”。

B项的“assess评价，评估”符合题意，如：Damages were assessed at 1,000RMB．(损失估计达1 000元人民币。

)其他三项“administer管理，支配，执行；elevate抬起，使升高；contribute捐献，投稿”都不正确。

3．The nurse ______ the doctor in the operation room.(2003年西南财经大学考博试题)A．insistedB．resistedC．assistedD．persisted正确答案：C解析：本题是说护士在手术室帮助医生。

C项的assisted(帮助)符合题意。

其他三项“insisted坚持；resisted反抗：persisted坚持”都不正确。

英语考博试题及答案一、词汇与结构（共20分）1. The _______ of the project will depend on the availability of funds.A) initiationB) implementationC) terminationD) qualification答案：B2. Despite his _______ efforts, he failed to convince the committee.A) trivialB) futileC) sincereD) superficial答案：C3. The _______ of the new policy has been widely discussed in the media.A) implicationsB) complicationsC) ramificationsD) repercussions答案：A4. She is a _______ of her father, showing great talent in music.A) descendantB) successorC) inheritorD) progeny答案：C5. The _______ of the old building was a significant event in the community.A) demolitionB) renovationC) constructionD) destruction答案：A二、阅读理解（共30分）阅读下列短文，然后回答问题。

Passage 1The rise of the internet has transformed the way we communicate, learn, and do business. It has opened up new opportunities and challenges for individuals and organizations alike.6. What is the main topic of the passage?A) The history of the internet.B) The impact of the internet on society.C) The technical aspects of the internet.D) The future of the internet.答案：B7. What does the author imply about the internet?A) It has only positive effects.B) It has both opportunities and challenges.C) It is a threat to traditional businesses.D) It is outdated and no longer relevant.答案：BPassage 2In recent years, there has been a growing interest in renewable energy sources due to environmental concerns and the need for sustainable development.8. What is the main reason for the interest in renewable energy?A) Economic benefits.B) Environmental concerns.C) Technological advancements.D) Government policies.答案：B9. What can be inferred from the passage?A) Renewable energy is widely adopted.B) Renewable energy is too expensive.C) There is a need for sustainable development.D) Environmental concerns are a recent issue.答案：C三、完形填空（共20分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。