初中数词知识点总结
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一、数词的概念
表示人或事物的数目和顺序的词是数词。
如：eight 8 nineteen 19 sixty-six 66
first 第一 tenth 第十 twenty-seventh 第二十七
二、数词的分类
数词分为基数词和序数词。
1.基数词
（1）1-19的基数词
one two three four five six seven eight nine ten
eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen
seventeen eighteen nineteen
(2)20-90的整十数基数词
twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety
(3)非整十数基数词(十位和个位数之间用连字符号“-”)
Twenty-three forty-four ninety-nine
（4）101-999的基数词
①整百基数词 five hundred 500 eight hundred 800
②非整百基数词 one hundred and one 101
three hundred and sixty-five 365
（5）1000以上的基数词
five thousand 5,000
nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine 9,999 thirty thousand 30,000
（6）年代的读法：每两位数读一读
1997nineteen ninety-seven
2010 two thousand and ten
请读一读下面的句子
There were 450 sheep and 83 cows in the farm in 2005.
读作：There were four hundred and fifty sheep and
eighty-three cows in the farm in two thousand and five.
2)英语用千、百万等单位计数,大数字从右向左看, 每隔三位划一逗号,倒数第一个逗号之前要用thousand,倒数第二个逗号之前要用million,倒数第三的逗号之前要用billion表示。
(3) hundred、 thousand、 million作数词时,不用复数,前面可以加上one, two, …等其它数词。
用作名词时复数表示“成…上…”,后面必须要有of,前面可以加上some,many,several等词。如：five hundred(五百), hundreds of(成百上千的), ten thousand(一万),
thousands of(成千上万的), millions of(成百万的)
2.序数词
（1）1-19的序数词
first第一 1st second第二2nd third第三3rd
fourth第四4th fifth第五5th sixth第六6th
seventh第七7th eighth第八8th ninth第九9th
tenth第十10th eleventh第十一 twelfth第十二 thirteenth第十三 fourteenth第十四 fifteenth第十五
sixteenth第十六 seventeenth第十七
eighteenth第十八 nineteenth第十九
（2）20-90的整十数序数词：基数词词尾y变成i,再加eth
twentieth第二十 thirtieth第三十
fortieth 第四十 fiftieth 第五十
sixtieth
第六十 seventieth第七十
eightieth 第八十 ninetieth第九十
（3）非整十数序数词
twenty-eighth第二十八 28th thirty-third第三十三33rd
eighty-first 第八十一81st two hundred and fifty-fourth 第二百五十254th
1、 英语的序数词基本变法：
(1) 一般在基数词后加th,
(2)-ve结尾的改为-fth,
(3)-ty结尾的改为-tieth,
(4)熟记特殊词。
2、序数词如下：
1000th→one thousandth,
1000000th →one millionth.,
第703→the seven hundred and third,
第5480→the five thousand four hundred and eightieth.
3、注：(1)两位以上的序数词仅个位数部分用序数词,其余部分仍用基数词。 如：thirty-sixth,
(2) 使用序数词时一般加定冠词the. 如：I’m in the third grade.
(3) 序数词作“几分之几”讲时,有复数形式。如：1/5→one fifth ; 2/3→ two thirds ;
4/7→ four sevenths ; 1/2→ a half ; 1/4→a quarter ; 3/4→ three quarters ; 50%→ fifty hundredths ( fifty per cent).
4、数词的用法：
1、表示年份：2002: twenty thousand and two ; 1976 : nineteen seventy-six.
2、表示日期： 12月1日: Dec.1st或the first of December；2002年11月8日: Nov.
8th, 2002.
3、表示时刻： 5：15→ five fifteen或a quarter past five ; 8：30→ eight thirty或half past eight ; 10：45→ ten forty-five或a quarter to eleven.
4、表示编号：Room 105→Room one 0 five; Bus No.13→Bus Number Thirteen; P.5→Page Five; Tel.No.7658659→Telephone Number
seven-six-five-eight-six-five-nine
5、小数的读法：5.7→ five point seven, 0.16 →zero point one six.
6、“半”的表达： 1/2→half, 半小时→half an hour, 1.5小时→one and a half hours或one hour and a half.
7、序数词前面加the时,表示顺序,加a/an时表示“再一、又一”。如：The third lesson
is rather difficult.(第三课相当难)/
Shall we read the text a third time?(我们把课文读第三遍,好吗？)
8.算式
5+2=7 Five plus two equals seven.
Five and two is/are seven
5-2=3
Five minus two equals three.
Two from/out of five is/are three.
5×2=10
Five multiplied by two equals ten.
Five times two is/are ten
10÷2=5
Ten divided by two equals five.
Two into ten goes five times.
32=9
Three squared is nine.
The square of three is nine.
23 =8
Two cubed is eight.
The cube of two is eight.
4=2
The square root of four is two.
含数词的惯用表现
1. The children went away by twos and threes. adv.三三两两
2. He was born in the nineteen-thirties/1930s. 20世纪三十年代 3. We are planning to employ a woman in her twenties. 二十来岁
4. I am at one with you on that point. 和你一致
5. He is principal, teacher, clerk, all in one. 集~于一身
6. Dozens of people were injured in the accident. 好几十个
7. Tens of thousands of people were killed in the earthquake. 数以万计
ten thousand>tens of thousands of
