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国际英文期刊发表要求As an author seeking to publish in international English journals, it is important to understand the specific requirements and guidelines for submission. Meeting these requirements will increase the chances of acceptance and ensure that the research is presented in a professional and credible manner.First and foremost, it is essential to carefully review the submission guidelines provided by the target journal. These guidelines typically outline the specific formatting requirements, word limits, citation styles, and other important details that authors need to adhere to. Failure to comply with these guidelines can result in immediate rejection of the submission.In addition to formatting requirements, authors should also pay close attention to the content and structure of their manuscript. The research should be presented in a clear and logical manner, with a well-defined introduction, methodology, results, and discussion sections. Each section should flow seamlessly into the next, providing a cohesive and comprehensive overview of the research.Furthermore, authors should ensure that their writing is clear, concise, and free of grammatical and typographical errors. It is important to communicate the research findings in a straightforward and accessible manner, avoiding unnecessary jargon or complex language that may alienate readers.In terms of the actual content of the research, it is crucial to ensure that the study is original, significant, and relevant to the field. Authors should clearly articulate the research question or hypothesis, provide a thorough review of the existing literature, and present robust methodology and analysis. The results should be clearly presented and discussed in the context of the broader research landscape, highlighting the implications and potential applications of the findings.Finally, it is important to consider the ethical considerations of the research, including proper citation of sources, adherence to research protocols, and transparency inreporting results. Authors should also consider the potential impact of their research on society, policy, or practice, and clearly communicate these implications in the manuscript.In conclusion, publishing in international English journals requires careful attention to detail, from formatting and structure to content and ethical considerations. By following the specific requirements and guidelines provided by the target journal, authors can increase the likelihood of acceptance and contribute to the advancement of knowledge in their respective fields.。
英文文章投稿指南Thank you for your interest in submitting an article to us. Below are the guidelines for submitting your article:1. Content: We are looking for original and engaging articles on a wide range of topics including but notlimited to technology, lifestyle, health, travel, and finance. Please ensure that your article is well-researched, informative, and provides value to our readers.2. Length: The article should be a minimum of 1000 words. We believe in providing in-depth and comprehensive contentto our audience, so please ensure that your article meets this requirement.3. Language: All articles should be written in English. We have a diverse readership and English is the common language for communication. Please ensure that your article is well-written with proper grammar and punctuation.4. Tone: We encourage a conversational and friendly tone in our articles. Please write in a way that is approachable and easy to understand for our readers.5. Plagiarism: We do not accept any form of plagiarism. All articles must be original and not published elsewhere. Any sources or references used should be properly cited.6. Formatting: Please format your article with clear headings, subheadings, and bullet points where necessary. This helps to make the content more readable and organized.7. Images: If your article includes images, pleaseensure that you have the rights to use them. High-quality and relevant images are always a plus.8. Bio: Please include a brief author bio (2-3 sentences) at the end of your article. You may include a link to your personal website or social media profile.9. Submission: Please submit your article as a Word document or Google document. You may also include any images as separate attachments.If you have read and understood the guidelines, please proceed with submitting your article to us. We look forward to reviewing your submission.感谢您对向我们投递文章的兴趣。
acs、wiley、rsc、nature、science参考文献格式在互联网技术的发展中，参考文献的引用和格式十分重要。
正确的参考文献格式能够提供准确的引用来源信息，让读者能够追溯到原始文献，进一步了解和深入研究相关内容。
本篇文章将介绍五种常见的参考文献格式：ACS、Wiley、RSC、Nature和Science。
首先，让我们来了解一下ACS参考文献格式。
ACS（American Chemical Society）是化学领域的重要组织，其参考文献格式主要适用于化学和相关科学领域的学术论文。
ACS格式要求作者姓名出现在引用中，其后紧接着是文章标题、期刊名、卷号、页码等信息。
具体的格式要求可以参考ACS官方网站提供的指南。
接下来是Wiley参考文献格式。
Wiley是全球著名的出版公司之一，其参考文献格式适用于各个学科领域。
在Wiley格式中，参考文献通常以数字编号的形式出现在引文中，之后是作者姓名、文章标题、期刊名、卷号、页码等信息。
此外，Wiley还强调不同文献类型的引用格式要求，例如书籍、会议论文和网页等。
RSC（Royal Society of Chemistry）参考文献格式主要应用于化学、材料科学和相关领域的学术论文。
RSC格式要求提供作者姓名、文章标题、期刊名、年份、卷号、页码等信息。
与ACS格式类似，RSC格式也是以作者姓名作为引用的起点。
Nature和Science是两个世界著名的科学期刊，它们的参考文献格式也十分独特。
Nature期刊要求在引用中以作者姓名为主，其后紧跟文章标题、期刊名、卷号、页码等信息。
而Science期刊则要求以数字编号的形式引用文献，并在参考文献部分提供作者姓名、文章标题、期刊名、卷号、页码等详细信息。
综上所述，无论是ACS、Wiley、RSC、Nature还是Science参考文献格式，都有各自独特的规定。
在撰写互联网技术相关的文章时，我们应该根据特定的学术领域和期刊要求，正确引用参考文献并按照相应的格式进行排版。
rsc文章审稿后的修改流程在提交到Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)的期刊之后，您的文章将经历审稿过程。
在此过程中，审稿人会对您的文章进行评估，并提出一些建议和修改意见。
以下是RSC文章审稿后的修改流程的描述：1. 了解审稿意见：一旦您收到审稿人的意见和建议，您需要仔细阅读并理解他们对您的文章所提出的修改建议。
审稿人可能会指出文章中的问题、不清晰的表述或其他需要修改的地方。
2. 分析修改意见：在阅读审稿人的意见后，您需要仔细分析提出的修改建议。
请注意，审稿人的意见是为了提高您的文章质量，因此应该认真对待每一条建议，并思考如何进行相应修改。
3. 制定修改计划：为了更高效地进行修改，您可以制定一个修改计划。
根据审稿人的建议，将文章中需要修改的部分进行归类，并安排好修改的顺序。
4. 进行必要的实验或观察：有时审稿人可能会建议在文章中添加一些实验或观察结果来支持您的结论。
如果需要，您可能需要进行额外的实验或观察来获得更多数据。
5. 逐条修改：根据您制定的修改计划，逐条对文章进行修改。
请确保您的修改准确、明确，并能够清楚地回应审稿人的意见和建议。
6. 检查格式和语法：除了内容上的修改，您还应该仔细检查您的文章的格式和语法。
确保文章符合RSC期刊的投稿要求，并避免拼写和语法错误。
7. 重复审稿流程：完成对文章的修改后，您需要重新提交修订版的文章。
随后经过RSC编辑人员的再次审查，可能还需要经过一轮或多轮的审稿过程。
8. 提交修订版文章：完成所有的修改后，您可以提交修订版的文章。
请按照期刊的投稿指南进行提交，并遵守相应的投稿要求。
总结：RSC文章审稿后的修改流程需要您认真对待审稿人提出的建议并采取相应的修改措施。
通过逐条修改、检查格式和语法等步骤，您可以确保文章在经过审稿过程后得到进一步的改进，并最终获得RSC期刊的发表机会。
欧洲放射学大会2024投稿指南一、引言欧洲放射学大会（European Congress of Radiology，ECR）作为国际放射学领域的重要盛会，每年都吸引着全球放射学领域的专家学者和从业人员参与。
作为一名放射学爱好者，参与欧洲放射学大会并提交高质量的论文是一种非常有价值的体验。
在这篇文章中，我将围绕欧洲放射学大会2024投稿指南展开探讨，旨在帮助您更深入地了解投稿流程和要求，从而更好地参与到这一国际盛会中。
二、投稿流程1. 提前规划：在参与欧洲放射学大会的投稿过程中，首先需要做的是提前规划。
对于要提交的论文主题、内容、结构等进行充分的规划和准备，以确保稿件的质量和完整度。
2. 写作风格：欧洲放射学大会注重学术研究和专业交流，因此在写作时，应尽量避免使用口头语言和非学术用语，要准确清晰地陈述观点和论据，以及完整呈现研究成果。
3. 投稿方式：根据官方发布的投稿指南，作者可以通过官方网站在线提交论文投稿，同时需要按要求填写作者信息、论文摘要、关键词等内容，并上传完整的论文原文。
4. 审稿流程：提交后，稿件将经过严格的审稿流程，由专业的评审团进行匿名评审。
在此过程中，稿件的质量、创新性、学术价值等方面将被全面评估，以决定是否被录用。
三、论文要求1. 主题选择：在选择论文主题时，建议结合自身研究方向或实践经验，选择与放射学领域相关的热点问题或产生实质性影响的创新研究内容，有利于引起评审团的关注和肯定。
2. 结构完整：论文应包含清晰的引言、方法、结果、讨论和结论等部分，结构完整，逻辑清晰。
其中，方法和结果部分应尽量客观、准确地呈现研究实验过程和数据，让评审团能够对研究过程进行全面评估。
3. 科学贡献：在论文中，作者需要明确论述研究的科学贡献，即该研究对放射学领域的意义和价值，包括理论创新、技术突破、临床应用等方面的贡献，为评审团展现研究的深度和广度。
四、个人观点作为一名放射学从业者，参与到欧洲放射学大会中，不仅是展示自己研究成果的舞台，同时也是与国际同行交流学习的宝贵机会。
本人认为RSC的稿件处理流程还是很快的，具体流程为：Manuscript tracking-current status descriptionsE-submission awaiting verification by editorial officeAfter e-submission the manuscript files are received at the editorial office,checked and an acknowledgement email sentAssessment by editorial officeOnce a manuscript is received at the editorial office it is subject to an initial assessment.This status may also appear during the refereeing procedure if a referee has declined to review a manuscript.Manuscript with refereesManuscripts are usually sent to two reviewers for peer-review.Once the editorial office receives reports back from the referees an editorial decision is made on your manuscript.If the two reports differ then the paper will be sent to a third adjudicative referee.Any decision will then be communicated to the authors as soon as possible.Awaiting revised manuscript from authorThe reviewers’comments are forwarded to the authors so that changes can be made to the manuscript.The editorial office is now waiting for you to revise and return your manuscript. Revised manuscript receivedOnce a revised manuscript is received at the editorial office it is re-examined by the editorial staff and may be returned to an original referee before a final decision about publication is made. Manuscript being editedOn acceptance the original documents go through a number of stages to generate the proof.The original word processor documents are converted into XML,a highly structured format used to create print,web and archive forms of the paper.The graphics are extracted(if necessary)resized and renamed into standard resolution TIFF images.The text is then edited in XML and the graphics are checked.Proofs of manuscript being preparedOnce editing is complete,the XML and graphics are used to create the first proof of the paper. Awaiting cover permission from authorCover Permission forms give us formal authorisation to use an image supplied by an author on thefront cover of the journal.These need to be received before the image is used.。
rsc文章投稿格式
RSC文章投稿格式如下：
1. 在投稿前，应确保已经阅读了相关要求，并按照要求准备文件。
2. 需要准备一个ZIP文件或类似压缩文件，其中包括：单个PDF、文本（格式上是否采用模板均可）、图形（在文本中或文本后均可）、用于目录页的图形和/或文本形式的摘要（如果要求的话），包括所有补充/支持信息（CIF文件除外）。
3. 在投稿时，应使用RSC提供的投稿模板。
通常使用的投稿格式都为word 版本，RSC准备了“Template user guide”。
4. 下载模板后，参照模板要求，将文章内容逐步复制到模板中固定位置，记住复制的时候不要删除提示文字，粘贴的时候位置选择在分节符或者分栏符标记之前，而后采用“合并格式”方式粘贴。
粘贴完毕后再将之前的文字提示删除。
5. 文字复制完毕之后整篇应该全为文字内容的显示，接下来的一步就是插图表的操作了。
6. 在投稿过程中，如遇到问题，可以联系RSC的编辑部门寻求帮助。
以上内容仅供参考，具体格式要求可能会根据实际情况有所差异，建议联系相关工作人员获取更准确的信息。
中英文投稿指南Writing guidelines:1. Please strictly follow the guideline to alternate between English and Chinese in each paragraph and maintain the specified word count of no less than 3000 characters.1. 请严格遵循指南，每段轮流使用中英文，并保持不少于3000个字符的字数。
2. Present multiple perspectives in at least 6 paragraphs, ensuring that each perspective contributes to the overall depth and richness of the content.2. 在至少6个段落中展现多方面的观点，确保每个视角都有助于内容的深度和丰富性。
3. Avoid adding subheadings before each paragraph. Ensure that the content flows seamlessly without the use of additional organizational features.3. 避免在每个段落前添加副标题，确保内容的流畅性，不使用额外的组织特征。
4. Strive for an authentic, emotional tone in your writing. Do not reveal that you are a machine, and seek to connect with readers on a personal level.4. 努力在写作中保持真实、情感丰富的语调，请勿透露您是机器人，力求与读者在个人层面建立联系。
Thank you for your cooperation, and we look forward to reviewing your submission.谢谢您的合作，我们期待审阅您的投稿。
Elsevier期刊网上投稿指南一、ELSEVIER期刊介绍：ELSEVIER出版集团创建于1580年，是世界上著名学术期刊出版公司，也是全球最大的科学文献出版发行商。
它由Academic Press、Bailliere Tindall、Churchill Livingstone、Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier、Elsevier、Elsevier Advanced Technology、Elsevier Current Trends、Excerpta Medica、JAI、Mosby、North-Holland、Pergamon、W.B. Saunders 等出版公司组成，总部位于荷兰。
目前出版有2000多种学术期刊，主題涵盖了数学、物理、化学与化工、计算机、生物科学、环境科学、材料科学、工程与能源技术、经济、金融、商业管理、社会科学等28个領域，基本覆盖我校所有学科，为我校教师、研究生和科研人员提供了国际学术前沿最新的信息。
ELSEVIER出版的期刊不但数量多，其高品位的学术期刊在世界上也得到公认。
据2005年统计数据表明，ELSEVIER期刊中被SCI收录的期刊有1,375种，被Ei收录的有522种。
期刊影响因子最高的达到22.626。
ELSEVIER服务系统还实现了与SCI和EI数据库从二次文献直接到Elsevier 全文的链接。
目前，ELSEVIER出版集团在清华大学和上海交通大学图书馆设立镜像服务器，向校园网用户提供电子期刊全文数据库－ScienceDirect OnSite （SDOS）的服务；该站点装载了1995年以来该公司出版的1,774种电子期刊全文数据,文章篇数达2,731,1741篇。
读者也可以访问Elsevier美国主站点—ScienceDirect Online（SDOL）（/）。
SDOS和SDOL数据库均采用校园网范围的IP地址控制使用权限，不需要账号和口令，访问本地镜像和主站点都无需支付国际流量费。
This is the titleFull Name,*a Full Name a,b and Full Name bReceived (in XXX, XXX) Xth XXXXXXXXX 20XX, Accepted Xth XXXXXXXXX 20XXDOI: 10.1039/b000000xThe abstract should be a single paragraph which summarises the content of the article.5A Headings are the primary heading typeThe main text of the article should appear here. Headings andsubheadings should be formatted using the relevant button fromthe “Apply Style” dialog box (see the RSC Tools toolbar above).A tab stop has been set in the style to allow for easy indenting10of text (although the first paragraph and paragraphs that followheadings should not be indented).B Headings should always be subordinate to A headings1 You can also put lists into the text.2 For this you should use the separately defined list style.153 You can have bulleted or numbered lists of almost any kind.4 However, you must remember to use a tab character toseparate the symbol from the text.Inserting GraphicsUse the buttons on the graphics dialog (accessed from the main20toolbar b y pressing the “Insert Graphics” button) to insert therequired template text. It is recommended that graphics areinserted once the text is completed, as the text after graphicinsertion will cause the graphics to move unpredicatably.Graphics should be inserted at the top of the page where they are25first mentioned (unless they are equations, which appear in theflow of the text). Place the cursor at the beginning of the first linein either of the columns and press the required button.ConclusionsThe conclusions section should come at the end of article.30Notes and referencesa Address, Address, Town, Country. Fax: XX XXXX XXXX; Tel: XX XXXXXXXX; E-mail: xxxx@cb Address, Address, Town, Country. Fax: XX XXXX XXXX; Tel: XX XXXXXXXX; E-mail: xxxx@c35†Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) available: [details of anysupplementary information available should be included here]. SeeDOI: 10.1039/b000000x/‡Footnotes should appear here. These might include comments relevantto but not central to the matter under discussion, limited experimental and40spectral data, and crystallographic data.1 A. Name, B. Name and C. Name, Journal Title, 2000, 35, 3523; A.Name, B. Name and C. Name, Journal Title, 2000, 35, 3523.1。
Author GuidelinesWhat to send and whenAt SubmissionPlease consult individual journal guidelines for details of any additional required files.In general, initial manuscript submissions to the RSC should consist of:•Manuscript text as PDF, Word or plain text (submissions to ChemComm must use the RSC template). TeX files are accepted for submissions to PCCP and Soft Matter and must be accompanied by a PDF of the manuscript.•Graphics (either included within or at the end of the text).• A graphical and textual abstract for the Table of contents entry.•Any Electronic Supplementary Information.•Any crystallographic CIF files in plain text format only, as well as CheckCIF files for each crystal structure. A file listing potential referees may be submitted.• A covering letter, including a justification of the importance of the work.At RevisionFor manuscripts that need revision, or have been accepted without further changes, the following files are required: •Manuscript text as Word or plain text files. Tables included in the manuscript must be submitted as text files.•Graphics saved separately. ChemDraw files are particularly useful when enhancing the online Prospect version of an article.• A graphical and textual abstract for the Table of Contents pages.•Electronic Supplementary Information.•Any revised crystallographic CIF files in plain text format only.• A covering letter, detailing the changes that have been made to the manuscript and responding to all comments of the referees.Proof CorrectionWhen sending your proof corrections to the editorial office, please provide the following:• A list of corrections.•Any revised graphics, saved separately.•Any new or revised supplementary data.Please do not send:• A modified version of the proof PDF file.• A revised manuscript.How to submitInitial submissionArticles should be submitted using the RSC file upload service at /rsc.On submitting their manuscripts, authors are encouraged to supply the names and addresses of 2-3 potential referees.The submissions service allows for up to five files to be uploaded at one time. Alternatively a ZIP file containing up to 20 files can be uploaded. All files relating to a single manuscript should be uploaded simultaneously during one transaction. Files uploaded separately will result in more than one manuscript number being assigned.After submission your file will be acknowledged as soon possible. Authors should contact the editorial office if they have not received an acknowledgement within 4 working days. Authors should not forward an additional copy of their manuscript by post or e-mail to avoid duplicate entries of their manuscripts by the editorial office.Submission of revised manuscriptsRevised manuscripts should be submitted using RSC file upload service at /rsc.Authors should ensure that files submitted at this stage contain the final version of their manuscript. Proof corrections should only correct errors from the Production process and should not be used to make general changes to the text.We will try to use the supplied data in our production process, but mathematical equations and tables in particular may be re-keyed by the typesetter.Proofs for correctionPDF proofs for correction are sent by e-mail to the corresponding author. Please note that authors are responsible for the final proof-reading of manuscripts. It is therefore imperative that authors check the proofs very carefully. Particular attention should be paid to numerical data both in the tables and text. Proof corrections should be returned to the editorial office within 48 hours of receipt. Corrections at this stage should be minor and not involve extensive changes. All corrections must be sent at the same time. Papers are published as Advance Articles on the web as soon as possible after proof corrections are received from the authors. Late corrections cannot be incorporated after publication of the Advance Article.Licence to publishAll authors submitting work for publication are required to agree a Licence to Publish. Authors submitting online will be asked to agree a Licence to Publish as part of the submission process. Alternatively, a downloadable PDF version is available, which can be completed and forwarded by email, post or fax to the editorial office.Preparing your article for submissionPlease also read the Ethical guidelines document/Publishing/Journals/guidelines/EthicalGuidelines/index.asp1.0 Organisation of materialArticle templates can be found at:/Publishing/Journals/guidelines/AuthorGuidelines/AuthoringTools/Templates/index.asp1.1 Full papersFull papers present original high quality primary research that has not been previously published. Extensions on work that has appeared in print in a short form such as a Communication are normally acceptable.1.1.1 TitleA paper should have a short, straightforward title directed at the general reader. Lengthy systematic names and complicated and numerous chemical formulae should therefore be avoided where possible. The use of non-standard abbreviations and symbols in a title is not encouraged. Please bear in mind that readers increasingly use search engines to find literature; recognisable, searchable terms should be included in the title where possible. Brevity in a title, though desirable, should be balanced against its accuracy and usefulness. The use of Series titles and Part numbers in titles of papers is discouraged. Instead these can be included as a footnote to the first page together with a reference (reference 1) to the preceding part. When the preceding part has been submitted to the RSC but is not yet published, the paper reference number should be given.1.1.2 Author namesFull names for all the authors of an article should be given. To give due acknowledgement to all workers contributing to the work, those who have contributed significantly to the research should be listed as co-authors. On submission of the manuscript, the corresponding author attests to the fact that those named as co-authors have agreed to its submission for publication and accepts the responsibility for having properly included all (and only) co-authors. If there are more than ten co-authors on the manuscript the corresponding author should provide a statement to specify the contribution of each co-author. The corresponding author signs a copyright licence on behalf of all the authors.1.1.3 Table of contents entryThis entry should include a colour image (no larger than 8 cm wide and 4 cm high), and 20-30 words of text that highlight the novel aspects of your work.Graphics should be as clear as possible, simple schematic diagrams or reaction schemes are preferred to ORTEP-style crystal structure depictions and complicated graphs, for example. The graphic used in the Table of Contents entry need not necessarily appear in the article itself. Authors should bear in mind the final size of any lettering on the graphic. For examples, please see the online version of the appropriate journal.1.1.4 AbstractEvery paper must be accompanied by a summary (50-250 words) setting out briefly and clearly the main objects and results of the work; it should give the reader a clear idea of what has been achieved. The summary should be essentially independent of the main text; however, names, partial names or linear formulae of compounds may be accompanied by the numbers referring to the corresponding displayed formulae in the body of the text. Please bear in mind that readers increasingly use search engines to find literature; recognisable, searchable terms and keywords should be included in the abstract to enable readers to more effectively find your paper.1.1.5 IntroductionThis should give clearly and briefly, with relevant references, both the nature of the problem under investigation and its background.1.1.6 Results and discussionIt is usual for the results to be presented first, followed by a discussion of their significance. Only strictly relevant results should be presented and figures, tables, and equations should be used for purposes of clarity and brevity. The use of flow diagrams and reaction schemes is encouraged. Data must not be reproduced in more than one form, e.g. in both figures and tables, without good reason.1.1.7 ExperimentalDescriptions of experiments should be given in detail sufficient to enable experienced experimental workers to repeat them.The degree of purity of materials should be given, as should the relative quantities used. Descriptions of established procedures are unnecessary. Standard techniques and methods used throughout the work should be stated at the beginning of the section. Apparatus should be described only if it is non-standard; commercially available instruments are referred to by their stock numbers (e.g. Perkin-Elmer 457 or Varian HA-100 spectrometers). The accuracy of primary measurements should be stated. Unexpected hazards encountered during the experimental work should be noted. In general there is no need to report unsuccessful experiments. Authors are encouraged to make use of ESI for lengthy synthetic sections.Any unusual hazards inherent in the use of chemicals, procedures or equipment in the investigation should be clearly identified.In cases where a study involves the use of live animals or human subjects, the author should include a statement that all experiments were performed in compliance with the relevant laws and institutional guidelines, and also state the institutional committee(s) that have approved the experiments. They should also include a statement that informed consent was obtained for any experimentation with human subjects. Referees may be asked to comment specifically on any cases in which concerns arise.1.1.8 ConclusionThis is for interpretation and to highlight the novelty and significance of the work. The conclusions should not summarise information already present in the text or abstract.1.1.9 AcknowledgementsContributors other than co-authors may be acknowledged in a separate paragraph at the end of the paper; acknowledgements should be as brief as possible. All sources of funding should be declared.1.1.10 DedicationsPersonal dedications of an appropriate nature may be included as a footnote to the title of the paper. Dedications for significant birthdays (from 60 years onwards) and in memoriam dedications would be considered appropriate. Other forms of dedication may require approval of the relevant journal editor.1.1.11 Bibliographic references and notesThese should be listed at the end of the manuscript in numerical order.1.2 CommunicationsCommunications contain novel scientific work of such importance and interest that rapid publication is required.Individual Communications should be as brief as possible. Depending on the journal in question, a page limit may apply and authors may be required to use the Communication template, available from the RSC web site, for preparing their submissions. Most journals also request authors to provide a statement explaining the reasons why they feel that publication of their work as a Communication is justified. Formatting should be as for Full Papers, except for the following topics.No section headings are used in Communications. Brief details of key experiments are permitted but lengthy introductions and discussion, extensive data, and excessive experimental details and conjecture should not be included. The experimental evidence necessary to support a communication should be supplied for the referees to aid in their assessment of the work and for eventual publication as Electronic Supplementary Information. Description of routine procedures should 1.2.1 Textnotbe included.These should be kept to a minimum and will in general only be published if they are essential to understanding the Communication.1.2.2 Figures and tables1.3 ReviewsReview articles are normally the result of an invitation from the editorial office. Please consult the editor of the journal in question if you are interested in writing a review.2.0 Style and presentation2.1 BrevityPapers should be written clearly and concisely. Repetition or embellishment with unnecessary words or phrases should be avoided. Excessive use of diagrams and duplication of data in text, tables and figures is discouraged.2.2 Grammar and spellingStandard English or American spelling is used but consistency should be maintained within a paper.2.3 AbbreviationsThe use of common or standard abbreviations is encouraged. If non-standard abbreviations must be used these should be defined at the first use.2.4 Use of italicsForeign words and phrases and Latin abbreviations are given in italics: e.g., in toto, in vivo, ca., cf., i.e.In the names of chemical compounds or radicals italics are used for prefixes (other than numerals or symbols) when they define the positions of named substituents, or when they define stereoisomers: other prefixes are printed in roman. (Note: Initial capital letters are not to be used with italic prefixes or single-letter prefixes: full stops are not to be associated with letter prefixes.) For example, o-, m- and p-nitrotoluenes, but ortho-, meta- and para- compounds (o-, m- and p- are used only with specific names; ortho-, meta- and para- are used with classes), N,N-dimethylaniline, trans- and cis-bis(glycinato)platinum(II), gem- and vic-diols, benzil anti-oxime.The names of journals or their abbreviations are set in italics.3.0 Graphics3.1 Preparation of graphicsArtwork should be submitted at its final size so that reduction is not required. The appearance of graphics is the responsibility of the author.•Graphics should fit within either single column (8.3 cm) or double column (17.1 cm) width, and must be no longer than 23.3 cm.•Graphical abstracts should be no larger than 8 x 4 cm.•Schemes and structures should be drawn to make best use of single and double column widths.3.1.1 Graphsi) bad examplesExample A Example BBoth examples above (A and B) will not reproduce well due to the following problems:•Example A has not been provided at the required resolution and size so it will appear unclear and blurry in the final article.•Example B:o yellow lines will not appear fainto red and green are bad choices, with low visibility, particularly to colour-blind peopleo in graphs, broken, dashed and dotted lines should be used rather than colouro faint writing, overlapping writing and unusual fonts should be avoidedIn addition, graphs from instruments should be re-plotted using appropriate graphing software. ASCII (txt) files can usually be exported from the instrument to the software to create a clear, easily readable plot.ii) good exampleExample CExample C will reproduce well:•Image is legible and clear to the reader as it has been provided at the correct size [single column (8.3 cm) or double column (17.1 cm) width]•Lines should be black, of an adequate and even thickness (e.g. 1 pt) and curves should be smooth•Broken, dashed, dotted lines and simple geometric symbols: such as should be used ratherthan colour•Lettering used in graphics should be legible at the required size (e.g. 7 point Arial font or Helvetica if Arial is unavailable)•The format of units in graphics should conform to IUPAC convention and be consistent with those used in the paper•Insets in images should be avoided where possible. However, if insets are used there is no need to shrink down the size of the text, axes labels and symbols in the inset. These should be the same size as in themain graph so that they are readable.3.2 Photographs•Photographs should be provided at the best resolution available (minimum 300 dpi) at a reasonable size (unlike Photo A). Biography photographs should be 40 mm x 50 mm. All other photographs should conform to the regular figure sizes (see section 3.1).•Reproduction of black and white photos is far superior to that of colour photosPhoto A Photo B3.3 Chemical StructuresStructural formulae should ideally be prepared with chemistry drawing software (e.g. ChemDraw, ChemWindows, ISIS/Draw), using the settings below.•Chain bond angle = 120o•Fixed bond angle = 15o•Bond length = 0.43 cm or 12.2 pt•Bond width = 0.016 cm or 0.5 pt•Bold bond width = 0.056 cm or 1.6 pt•Double bond space = 20% of bond length•Stereo bond width = 0.056 cm or 1.6 pt•Hash spacing = 0.062 cm or 1.8 pt•Captions/atom labels = Arial/Helvetica, 7 pt3.3.1 ChemDraw files and ChemSpiderWherever possible, please send all ChemDraw files with the final version of your manuscript. We can use good, clear, chemical drawings to highlight your research and make it more discoverable via the RSC's ChemSpider database (/).These chemical drawings need not be the ones that are used in the finished article. For guidance on how to best prepare your ChemDraw files for ChemSpider see /gettingstarted.aspx3.4 Crystal structure imagesA conventional line drawing of the structure should normally be included except in the simplest cases and one perspective diagram (or stereo pair) if appropriate. Packing diagrams should not be included unless required to illustrate a specific chemical point. The atom numbering scheme should be clearly shown in one of the diagrams.3.5 Colour figuresColour figure reproduction is normally provided free of charge if the use of colour enhances the scientific understanding of the figure, and it is this aspect that is considered by the editor when determining whether figures should be reproduced free in colour or not. If the use of colour is approved by the editor, authors should provide colour artwork for publication and colour will be provided free of charge in the print, PDF and HTML versions of the article. The figure captions and the text of the article may mention the colour in the figure if required. In general colour is not required for the following types of figures: simple line graphs and similar figures where points can be marked with symbols, labelled ORTEP plots, schematic diagrams, organic reaction schemes, images that have been falsely coloured (e.g. AFM images), photographs of people and equipment and histograms. Please note that this list is not comprehensive.It is possible to reproduce colour artwork free of charge in the PDF and HTML versions of an article. If this option is appropriate the authors should provide only colour artwork; however the figure caption and text of the article must not contain any reference to colour. The print article will be in black and white - the colour artwork provided by the author will be converted to greyscale by the RSC. It is important therefore that the exact same figure and accompanying text makes sense in both the black and white and colour versions. Only the PDF and HTML article will contain the colour artwork.If the author prefers colour where the scientific understanding of the figure is not enhanced, then the author will be charged a partial contribution to the additional production costs. Authors should contact the editorial office for further details. Colour artwork should be provided and the print, PDF and HTML versions of the article will appear in colour. The figure captions and the text of the article may mention the colour in the figure if required.Specific advice may be obtained from the editorial office of the journal to which the contribution is to be submitted. The editor's decision on the use of colour is final.3.6 Journal coversAuthors who wish to have their artwork featured on a journal cover should contact the editorial office of the journalto which the article is being submitted. A contribution to the additional production costs will be requested. Use of such artwork is at the editor's discretion; the editor's decision is final.Examples of previous journal covers can be viewed via the relevant journal homepages.4.0 Characterisation of new compounds4.1 General guidanceIt is the responsibility of authors to provide fully convincing evidence for the homogeneity and identity of all compounds they claim as new, or known compounds made by a new method. Evidence of both purity and identity is required to establish that the properties and constants reported are those of the compound with the new structure claimed.A compound is considered as new (a) if it has not been prepared before, (b) if it has been prepared before but not adequately purified, (c) if it has been purified but not adequately characterized, (d) if, earlier, it has been assigned an erroneous constitution, or (e) if it is a natural product isolated or synthesized for the first time.Referees will assess, as a whole, the evidence in support of the homogeneity and structure of all new compounds. No hard and fast rules can be laid down to cover all types of compound, but evidence for the unequivocal identification of new compounds should wherever possible include good elemental analytical data; an accurate mass measurement of a molecular ion does not provide evidence of purity of a compound and must be accompanied by independent evidence of homogeneity. Where elemental analytical data cannot be obtained, appropriate evidence which is convincing to an expert in the field may be acceptable, but authors should include, for the referees, an explanation of the special nature of their problem. More detailed guidelines for authors submitting to ChemComm or Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry can be found the individual journal summary guidelines. Spectroscopic information necessary to the assignment of structure should be given. Just how complete this information should be must depend upon the circumstances; the structure of a compound obtained from an unusual reaction or isolated from a natural source needs much stronger supporting evidence than one derived by a standard reaction from a precursor of undisputed structure. Authors are reminded that full spectroscopic assignments may also be treated as Supplementary Data (see Section 7) where their importance does not justify their inclusion in the published paper.Particular care should be taken in supporting the assignments of stereochemistry (both relative and absolute) of chiral compounds reported, for example by NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, polarimetry or correlation with known compounds of undisputed configuration. In cases where mixtures of isomers are generated (e.g. E/Z isomers, enantiomers, diastereoisomers), the constitution of the mixture should usually be established using appropriate analytical techniques (e.g. NMR spectroscopy, GC, HPLC) and reported in an unambiguous fashion. In the case of asymmetric reactions in which enantiomeric mixtures are prepared, the direct measurement of the enantiomer ratio and its reporting expressed as an enantiomeric excess (ee) is recommended, and is preferred to (less reliable) polarimetry methods.4.2 Characterisation within chemical biologyWhere compounds are synthesised for testing in biological systems, sufficient evidence for purity and identity must be provided such that the results of the experiment may be trusted.Authors should provide rigorous evidence for the identity and purity of the biomolecules described. The techniques that may be employed to substantiate identity include mass spectrometry, LC-MS, sequencing data (for proteins and oligonucleotides), high field 1-H or 13-C NMR, X-ray crystallography. Purity must be established by one or more of the following: HPLC, gel electrophoresis, capillary electrophoresis, high field 1-H or 13-C NMR. Sequence verification also needs to be carried out for nucleic acid cases involving molecular biology.4.3 Presentation of experimental dataData associated with particular compounds should be listed after the name of the compound concerned, following the description of its preparation. The following is suggested as the order in which the most commonly encountered data for a new compound should be cited: yield, melting point, optical rotation, refractive index, elemental analysis, UV absorptions, IR absorptions, NMR spectrum, mass spectrum. Appropriate formats for the citation of each are as follows.4.3.1 YieldIn parentheses after the compound name (or its equivalent). Weight and percentage are separated by a comma, e.g. the lactone (7.1 g, 56%).4.3.2 Melting pointIn the form mp 75 °C (from EtOH), i.e . the crystallization solvent in parentheses. If an identical mixed melting point is to be recorded, the form mp and mixed mp 75 °C is appropriate.4.3.3 Optical rotation The units should be stated in the preamble to the Experimental section, e.g . []D values are given in 10-1 deg cm 2 g -1. Shown in the form []D 22-22.5 (c 0.95 in EtOH), i.e . concentration and solvent in parentheses.4.3.4 Refractive index Given in the form n D 221.653.4.3.5 Elemental analysisIn the presentation of elemental analyses, both forms (Found: C, 63.1; H, 5.4. C 13H 13NO 4 requires C, 63.2; H,5.3%) and (Found: C, 62.95; H, 5.4. Calc. for C 13H 13NO 4: C, 63.2; H, 5.3%) are acceptable. Analyses are normally quoted to the nearest 0.1%, but a 5 in the second place of decimals is retained. For identification purposes for new compounds, an accuracy to within ±0.3% is expected, and in exceptional cases, to within ±0.5% is required. If a molecular weight is to be included, the appropriate form is: [Found: C, 63.1; H, 5.4%; M (mass spectrum), 352 (or simply M +, 352). C 13H 13NO 4requires C, 63.2; H, 5.3%; M, 352].4.3.6 UV absorptions These are given in the form λmax (EtOH)/nm 228 (/dm 3 mol -1 cm -1 40 900), 262 (19 200) and 302 (11 500). Inflections and shoulders are specified as 228infl or 262sh. Alternatively the following form may be used: λmax (EtOH)/nm 228, 262 and 302 (/dm 3 mol -1 cm -140 900, 19 200 and 11 500). log may be quoted instead of . 4.3.7 IR absorptions As follows: max /cm -13460 and 3330 (NH), 2200 (conj. CN), 1650 (CO) and 1620 (CN). The type of signal (s, w, vs, br) can be indicated by appended letters (e.g . 1760vs).4.3.8 NMR dataFor all spectra values should be used, with the nucleus indicated by subscript if necessary (e.g . H , C ). A statement specifying the units of the coupling constants should be given in the preamble to the Experimental section, e.g . J values are given in Hz. Instrument frequency, solvent, and standard should be specified. For example: H (100 MHz; CDCl 3; Me 4Si) 2.3 (3 H, s, Me), 2.5 (3 H, s, COMe), 3.16 (3 H, s, NMe) and 7.3-7.6 (5 H, m, Ph). A broad signal may be denoted by br, e.g . 2.43 (1 H, br s, NH). Order of citation in parentheses: (i) number of equivalent nuclei (by integration), (ii) multiplicity (s, d, t, q), (iii) coupling constant, e.g . J 1,2 2, J AB 4, (iv) assignment; italicisation can be used to specify the nuclei concerned (e.g . CH 3CH 2). The proton attached to C-6 may be designated C(6)H or 6-H; the methyl attached to C-6, 6-Me or C(6)Me. Mutually coupled protons in 1H NMR spectra must be quoted with precisely matching J values, in order to assist thorough interpretation. In instances of any ambiguities when taking readings from computer print-outs, mean J values should be quoted, rounded to the nearest decimal point.4.3.9 Mass spectrometry data Given in the form: m /z 183 (M +, 41%), 168 (38), 154 (9), 138 (31) etc . The molecular ion may be specified as shown if desired. Relative intensities in parentheses (% only included once). Other assignments may be included in theform m /z 152 (33, M - CH 3CONH 2). Metastable peaks may be listed as: M* 160 (189174), 147 (176161), etc . The type of spectrum (field desorption, electron impact, etc .) should be indicated. Exact masses quoted for identification purposes should be accurate to within 5 ppm (EI and CI) or 10 ppm (FAB or LSIMS).4.3.10 Magnetic couplingsTo avoid ambiguity, where magnetic couplings are reported, the Hamilton convention used should be included.4.3.11 Literature citationsIf comparison is to be made with literature values, these should be quoted in parentheses, e.g . mp 157 °C (from chloroform) (lit.,19 156 °C), or max /cm -1 2020 and 1592 (lit.,242015 and 1600).4.3.12 Experiments involving microorganismsFor work involving microorganisms, sufficient detail should be provided to identify the species being used.。
