【全国市级联考word】河南省南阳市重点中学联合体2016-2017学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题(有答案)
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河南省南阳市2017~2018学年下学期高一期末考试物理试题注意事项:1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上,并用2B铅笔将准考证号及考试科目在相应位置填涂.2.选择题答案使用2B铅笔填涂,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号;非选择题答案使用0.5毫米的黑色中性(签字)笔或碳素笔书写,字体工整、笔迹清楚.3.请按照题号在各题的答题区域(黑色线框)内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效.4.保持卡面清洁,不折叠,不破损.5.本试卷分试题卷和答题卷两部分,满分110分,考试时间90分钟.一、选择题(本题共12小题,每小题4分,共48分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,1—8题只有一个选项符合题目要求;9—12题有多项符合题目要求,全选对得4分,选对但不全的得2分,有选错或不选的得0分)1.在物理学的发展过程中,许多物理学家的发现推动了人类历史的进步.下列表述符合物理学史实的是A.开普勒提出了日心说,认为地球等行星绕太阳做圆周运动B.牛顿发现了万有引力定律C.伽利略用“月—地检验”证实了万有引力定律的正确性D.牛顿利用实验较为准确地测出了引力常量G的数值2.关于物体所受合外力的方向,下列说法正确的是A.物体做匀速率曲线运动时,其所受合外力的方向总是与速度方向垂直B.物体做速率逐渐增加的运动时,其所受合外力的方向一定与速度方向相同C.物体做圆周运动时,其所受合外力的方向一定指向圆心D.物体做曲线运动时,其所受合外力的方向一定改变3.如图所示,a、b、c是在地球大气层外圆形轨道上运行的3颗人造卫星,b、c的轨道半径相等,且大于a的轨道半径,下列说法正确的是A.b、c的线速度大小相等,且大于a的线速度B.b、c的向心加速度大小相等,且大于a的向心加速度C .b 、c 所受向心力大小相等D .a 、c 所受向心力大小有可能相等4.如图所示,物体A 、B 通过细绳及轻质弹簧连接在轻滑轮两侧,物体A 、B 的质量都为m ,开始时细绳伸直,用手托着物体A ,使弹簧处于原长,此时A 距地面的高度为h ,物体B 静止在地面上.放手后物体A 下落,与地面即将接触时速度大小为v ,此时物体B 对地面恰好无压力,则下列说法中正确的是 A .弹簧的劲度系数为hmgB .此时弹簧的弹性势能等于mgh +21mv 2 C .此时物体B 的速度大小也为vD .此时物体A 的加速度大小为g,方向竖直向上5.一个排球在A 点被竖直向上抛出时动能为30J ,上升到最大高度后,又回到A 点,动能变为12J ,设排球在运动过程中受到的空气阻力大小恒定,则A .从最高点回到A 点过程克服阻力做功18JB .上升到最高点过程机械能减少了18JC .从最高点回到A 点过程重力势能减少了12JD .上升到最高点过程重力势能增加了21J6.一艘小船在静水中的速度为4 m/s ,渡过一条宽150 m 且水流速度为6 m/s 的河流,则该小船A .以最短时间渡河时,沿水流方向的位移大小为225mB .能到达正对岸C .以最短位移渡河时,位移大小为200 mD .渡河的时间可能少于37.5s7.如图,在地面上以速度v 0抛出质量为m 的物体,抛出后物体落在比地面低h 的海平面上,若以地面为零势能参考面,不计空气阻力,则A .重力对物体做的功为-mghB .物体在海平面时的重力势能为mghC .物体在海平面上的机械能为mgh mv +2021 D .物体在海平面上的动能为mgh mv +20218.如图甲所示,在光滑水平面上的两个小球发生正碰,小球的质量分别为m 1和m 2,图乙为它们碰撞前后的x -t 图象.已知m 1=0.1 kg ,由此可以判断A .碰后m 2和m 1都向右运动B .碰前m 1静止,m 2向右运动C .碰撞过程中系统损失了0.4 J 的机械能D .由动量守恒可以算出m 2=0.3 kg9.如图,一物体从光滑斜面AB 底端A 点以初速度v 0上滑,沿斜面上升的最大高度为h 。
2016-2017学年河南省南阳市六校联考高一(下)第一次联考数学试卷2016-2017学年河南省南阳市六校联考高一(下)第一次联考数学试卷学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________一、选择题(本大题共12小题,共60.0分)1.下列命题中正确的是()A.终边在x轴负半轴上的角是零角B.三角形的内角必是第一、二象限内的角C.不相等的角的终边一定不相同D.若β=α+k?360°(k∈Z),则α与β终边相同【答案】D【解析】解:终边在x轴负半轴上的角是零角,例如-180°,不是零角,所以不正确;90°是三角形的内角,90°不属于第一、二象限内的角,所以不正确,30°和390°不相等,但终边相同,所以不正确若β=α+k?360°(k∈Z),则α与β终边相同,满足终边相同角的表示,正确.故选:D.直接利用象限角是大于判断命题的真假即可.本题考查命题的真假,象限角的定义的应用,是基础题.2.cos2017°=()A.-cos37°B.cos37°C.-cos53°D.cos53°【答案】A【解析】解:cos2017°=cos(5×360°+217°)=cos(180°+37°)=-cos37°.故选:A.由已知利用诱导公式即可化简得解.本题主要考查了诱导公式在三角函数化简求值中的应用,属于基础题.3.若sinθ>cosθ,且tanθ<0,则角θ的终边位于()A.第一象限B.第二象限C.第三象限D.第四象限【答案】B【解析】解:∵sinθ>cosθ,∴θ一定不再第四象限,又tanθ<0,∴θ是第二或第四象限角,可得θ是第二象限角,故选B.因为sinθ>cosθ,可判断θ一定不是第四象限,又tanθ<0,可得判断θ是第二或第四象限角,问题得以解决.本题考查象限角的定义,熟练掌握三角函数在各个象限中的符号是解决问题的关键,属于基础题.4.已知f(sinx)=cos2x-1,则f(cos15°)=()A. B. C. D.【答案】【解析】解:∵f(sinx)=cos2x-1,∴f(cos15°)=f(sin75°)=cos150°-1=-cos30°-1=--1.故选:C.由已知得f(cos15°)=f(sin75°)=cos150°-1,由此能求出结果.本题考查函数值的求法,是基础题,解题时要认真审题,注意函数性质的合理运用.5.已知α是第三象限角且,则角是()A.第一象限B.第二象限C.第三象限D.第四象限【答案】C【解析】解:由题意,α是第三象限角,那么:可得在一,三,四象限,又∵>0.∴在第三象限.故选C.由题意,α是第三象限角,先判断出的象限,在根据,进一步缩小,可以确定的象限本题考查了角象限的判断,三角函数值的正负判断.属于基础题.6.设a<0,角α的终边经过点P(3a,-4a),则sinα+2cosα的值等于()A. B. C. D.【答案】【解析】解:角α的终边经过点P(3a,-4a),a<0.∴x=3a,y=-4a,r=-5a.得:sinα==.cosα==,则sinα+2cosα=,故选:B.直接利用任意角的三角函数,求解sinα,cosα即可.本题考查任意角的三角函数的定义,基本知识的考查.7.函数f(x)=cos(x+φ)(0≤φ≤π)的定义域为R,若f(x)为奇函数,则φ=()A.0B.C.D.π【答案】C【解析】解:函数f(x)=cos(x+φ)(0≤φ≤π)的定义域为R,若f(x)为奇函数,则φ=kπ+,k∈Z,结合所给的选项,故选:C.由条件利用三角函数的奇偶性可得φ=kπ+,k∈Z,结合所给的选项,得出结论.本题主要考查三角函数的奇偶性,属于基础题.8.已知,则=()A. B. C. D.【答案】A【解析】解:∵=sin(++α),∴cos(+α)=,∴=cos(π--α)=-cos(+α)=-.故选:A.由已知利用诱导公式化简可得cos(+α)=,进而利用诱导公式化简所求即可得解.本题主要考查了诱导公式在三角函数化简求值中的应用,考查了转化思想,属于基础题.9.函数y=sinx+sin|x|在区间[-π,π]上的值域为()A.[-1,1]B.[0,2]C.[-2,2]D.[0,1]【答案】B【解析】解:当0≤x≤π时,函数y=sinx+sin|x|=2sinx,其值域为[0,2];当-π≤x<0时,函数y=sinx+sin|x|=sinx-sinx=0;综上,函数y=sinx+sin|x|在区间[-π,π]上的值域为[0,2].故选:B.分0≤x≤π和-π≤x<0时,求出函数y的取值范围即可.本题主要考查正弦函数在闭区间上的最值问题,是基础题.10.设函数f(x)是定义在R上的偶函数,且在区间[0,+∞)上是增函数,令,,,则()A.b<a<cB.c<b<aC.a<b<cD.b<c<a【答案】C解:∵cos≈0.588,tan()≈0.727,≈0.628,函数f(x)是定义在R上的偶函数,且在区间[0,+∞)上是增函数,∴a<b<c,故选C.分别确定变量的值,利用函数的奇偶性、单调性,即可得出结论.本题主要考查函数单调性定义,利用函数的奇偶性、单调性来研究对称区间上的函数值大小关系.11.如图,有一直径为40cm的圆形铁皮,要从中剪出一个最大的圆心角为900的扇形铁皮ABC,把剪出的扇形围成一个圆锥,那么该圆锥的高为()A. B.20cm C. D.【答案】D【解析】解:由已知图形可知,BC为圆的直径,则BC=40cm,∴AB=cm,则=cm,设围成圆锥的底面半径为r,则2πr=,得r=5cm,而围成的圆锥的母线长为20,∴高为.∴圆锥的高为cm.由已知可得扇形周长,设出围成圆锥的底面半径,由圆锥底面圆的周长与展开图扇形弧长的关系求出已知底面半径,再由勾股定理求得圆锥的高.本题考查柱、锥、台体积的求法,考查圆锥底面圆的周长与展开图扇形弧长的关系,是中档题.12.已知函数f(x)满足f(x)+f(-x)=0,在[-1,0]上为单调增函数,又α,β为锐角三角形二个内角,则()A.f(cosα)>f(cosβ)B.f(sinα)>f(sinβ)C.f(sinα)<f(cosβ)D.f(sinα)>f(cosβ)【答案】D【解析】解:∵f(x)+f(-x)=0,∴f(x)是奇函数,∵f(x)在[-1,0]上为单调增函数,∴f(x)在[0,1]上是增函数.∵α,β为锐角三角形二个内角,∴α+β>90°,即90°>α>90°-β>0,∴1>sinα>sin(90°-β)=cosβ>0,∴f(sinα)>f(cosβ).故选:D.根据α和β的关系得出sinα>cosβ,再根据f(x)的单调性得出结论.本题考查了奇函数的性质,三角恒等变换,属于中档题.二、填空题(本大题共4小题,共20.0分)13.函数______ .【答案】,,【解析】解:由题意得:,解得:x∈,,,故答案为:,,.根据三角函数的性质以及分母大于0,求出x的范围即可.本题考查了求函数的定义域问题,考查三角函数的性质以及二次根式的性质,是一道基础题.14.直线6x-2y-5=0的倾斜角为α,则= ______ .【答案】-2【解析】解:∵直线6x-2y-5=0的斜率为3,它的倾斜角为α,∴tanα=3,则====-2,故答案为:-2.利用直线的倾斜角和斜率求得tanα的值,再利用同角三角函数的基本关系、诱导公式,求得要求式子的值.本题主要考查直线的倾斜角和斜率,同角三角函数的基本关系、诱导公式的应用,属于基础题.15.设f(x)=asin(πx+θ)+bcos(πx+θ)+3(其中a,b,θ为非零实数),若f (2016)=-1,则f(2017)= ______ .【答案】7【解析】。
1.C 【解析】由系统抽样方法可知编号后分为50组,每组20人,每组中抽1人,号码间隔为20,第一组中随机抽取到17号,则第8组中应取号码为20717157⨯+=.故本题答案选C .2.B 【解析】由扇形面积公式12S lr =,则4l =,又422l r α===.故本题答案选B . 3.A 【解析】从四人中任选两人共有2443621C ⨯==⨯中情况,甲被选中的情况点三种,故甲被选中的概率3162P ==.故本题答案选A .6.B 【解析】cos22sin 22sin2612y x x x x ππ⎛⎫⎛⎫=+=+=+ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,与2sin2y x =比较可知:只需将cos2y x x =+向右平移12π个单位即可7.D 【解析】其最小正周期2π2πT=πω2==, A 错误;其对称点满足π2π4x k +=,即对称中心为ππ,082k ⎛⎫-+ ⎪⎝⎭, B 错误;其单调递减区间满足ππ3π2π22π242k x k +<+<+,即π5ππ,π88k k k ⎛⎫++⎪⎝⎭, C 错误;其对称轴满足ππ2π42x k +=+,即ππ82k x =+,则其中一条对称轴为π8x =.故本题答案选D . 点睛:本题主要考查三角函数的图像性质.对于()sin y A x ωϕ=+和()cos y A x ωϕ=+的最小正周期为2T πω=.若()sin y A x ωϕ=+为偶函数,则当0x =时函数取得最值,若()sin y A x ωϕ=+为奇函数,则当0x =时, ()0f x =.若要求()f x 的对称轴,只要令()2x k k Z πωϕπ+=+∈,求x .若要求()f x 的对称中心的横坐标,只要令()x k k Z ωϕπ+=∈即可.8.C 【解析】()tan25tan35tan60tan 25351tan25tan35+=+==-,则)tan25tan351tan25tan35+=- ,则①正确;3525556560sin cos sin cos sin ︒︒+︒︒=︒=,则②正确; ()001tan15tan 4515tan601tan15+=+==-22ππtan2tan11π66tan ππ2231tan 1tan 66===--,则④不正确,故本题答案选C .点睛:本题的关键在于建立平面直角坐标系.进行向量的运算时,要尽可能转化到平行四边形或三角形中,选用从同一点出发的基本量或首尾相接的向量,运用向量的加减运算及数乘来求解,充分利用相等的向量,相反的向量和线段的比例关系,把未知向量转化为与已知向量有直接关系的向量来解决.10.C 【解析】由程序框图知11.A 【解析】由题知最大值1A =,周期πππ2362T ⎛⎫=--= ⎪⎝⎭,即2ππ,T=ωT =,得2ω=.又过π-,06⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭代入可得π3ϕ=.由已知12,,63x x ππ⎛⎫∈- ⎪⎝⎭,且1212f x f x x x =≠()()()f ,则π12x =是函数的一条对称轴,可得12π212x x +=,即12π6x x +=,代入可得12f x x +=()D . 点睛:()()sin f x A x b ωϕ=++的性质.对于一些没有直接指出函数的最小正周期的问题,关键是正确理解题意,通过数形结合,准确找出隐含的最小正周期的条件,将问题化归为我们熟悉的正弦函数,余弦函数,正切函数的最小正周期问题加以解决.本题的另一关键点在于利用所给条件找出其对称轴.12.C 【解析】设与的夹角为,则,,由题意可得,所以,使得的概率为.13.34-【解析】sin cos tan 12sin 3cos 2tan 3αααααα++=--,将1tan 2α=代入可得 11sin cos tan 13212sin 3cos 2tan 34232αααααα+++===---⨯-.故本题应填34-.16.12-【解析】建立如图所示平面直角坐标系,可设各点坐标()()()1,0,,,,P M x y N x y --其中 11x -<<,据向量的坐标运算可得()()1,,1,PN x y PM x y =+-=+,则()222211122222PN PM x y x x x ⎛⎫⋅=+-=+=+- ⎪⎝⎭ .则当12x =-时有最小值12-.故本题应填12-.点睛:本题主要考查向量的线性运算与坐标运算.向量的坐标运算主要是利用向量加,减,数乘运算的法则来进行求解的,若已知有向线段两端点的坐标,则应先求向量的坐标,向量的坐标运算,使得向量的线性运算都可用坐标来进行,实现了向量运算的完全代数化,将数与形紧密结合起来,就可以使很多几何问题的解答转化为我们熟悉的数量运算.17.【解析】试题分析:(1)由两向量垂直时坐标满足的关系式,得出关于x 的方程,解方程得x 值;(2)由两向量平行时坐标满足的关系式,得出关于x 的方程,解方程得x 值,再由两向量的坐标求出a b -坐标,进一步利用坐标运算求出其模长.点睛:本题主要考查向量的坐标运算,向量的数量积. ()()1122,,,a x y b x y ==,则121212211212;//;0a b x x y y a b x y x y a b x x y y ⋅=+==⊥=+=把向量形式化为坐标运算后,建立等式或方程可求相关未知量. 18.【解析】试题分析:(1)本题考察的是三角函数的化简,本题中需要利用诱导公式、周期性和同角三角函数的基本关系进行化简,很容易求出()cos fαα=-.(2)本题考察的是三角函数的值,由(1)化简的()f α的式子代入01860α=-就可以求出所求的函数值.(3)本题考察的是三角函数求值的问题,题中给出了角的取值范围和1sin 63πα⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭,通过两角差的余弦公式,进行凑角然后代入相关值,就可以求出所求的三角函数值.试题解析:(1)()()cos cos tan cos tan cos f ααααααα-==-(2)00018606360300α=-=-⨯+()()()001860cos 1860f f α∴=-=--()0001cos 6360300cos602=--⨯+=-=-(3)10,sin cos 2636πππααα⎛⎫⎛⎫∈-=∴-=⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭ (,) ()6666661132f cos cos cos cos sin sinππππππααααα⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫∴=-=--+=--+- ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦=⋅=19.【解析】试题分析:(1)由频率分布直方图中每组中横轴数据的中间值与纵轴数据乘积的和来估计所有数据的平均值;(2)由频率分布直方图和表格可知[65,75)共有6人,其中2人赞成, 4人不赞成,可写出任取2人的所有情况,找出其中2人都不赞成的情况,利用古典概型可得结果. 试题解析:(1)由直方图知:()200.015300.015400.025500.02600.015700.011043.5⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯⨯=∴这60人的平均月收入约为43.5百元.20.【解析】试题分析:(1)借助题设条件运用正弦函数的有界性求解;(2)借助正弦函数的单调性建立不等式组求解. 试题解析:(1)()1cos23sin 22226x f x x x π+⎛⎫=++=++ ⎪⎝⎭. ∵,63x ππ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎥⎣⎦,∴52,666x πππ⎡⎤+∈-⎢⎥⎣⎦,∴1sin 2126x π⎛⎫-≤+≤ ⎪⎝⎭,∴函数()y f x =的值域为3,32⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦(2)()sin 22123x g x f x ωππω⎛⎫⎛⎫=+=++⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,当22,,?3633363x x πππωππωππω⎡⎤⎡⎤∈-+∈-++⎢⎥⎢⎥⎣⎦⎣⎦,∵()g x 在2,36ππ⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦上是增函数,且0ω>, ∴][2,2,2,336322k k k Z ωππωππππππ⎡⎤-++⊆-++∈⎢⎥⎣⎦, 即22332{2632k k ωππππωππππ-+≥-++≤+,化简得53{4112k k ωω≤-≤+, ∵0ω>,∴15,1212k k Z -<<∈,∴0k =,解得1ω≤,因此, ω的最大值为1 【易错点晴】三角函数的图象和性质是高中数学中重要内容,也高考和各级各类考试的重要内容和考点.本题以三角函数的解析式为背景设置了一道综合性问题.第一问的求解过程中,先将函数()23cos cos 2f x x x x =++进行化简为再求其值域;第二问的求解过程中,充分借助函数的单调性,建立不等式组求得ω的最大值为1,进而使得问题获解. 21.【解析】试题解析:(1)依题意可知z 的最大值为6,最小为﹣2,∴⇒;∵op 每秒钟内所转过的角为,得z=4sin,当t=0时,z=0,得sinφ=﹣,即φ=﹣,故所求的函数关系式为z=4sin +2(2)令z=4sin+2=6,得sin=1,取,得t=4,故点P 第一次到达最高点大约需要4s .22.【解析】试题解析:(1)f (x )=====()=.由题意可知,f (x )的最小正周期T=π,∴, 又∵ω>0, ∴ω=1,∴f (x )=.∴=.(2)由f (x )﹣m≤0得,f (x )≤m , ∴m≥f (x )max , ∵﹣, ∴, ∴,∴﹣≤, 即f (x )max =,∴34m ≥所以3,4m ⎡⎫∈+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭(3213x m π⎛⎫+=+ ⎪⎝⎭ 即2sin 213x m π⎛⎫+=+ ⎪⎝⎭02x π≤≤点睛:求与已知有关的参数的范围或者最值问题,要建立参数与已知角或边的关系,然后把角或边作为自变量,参数作为函数值,转化为函数关系,将原问题转化为求函数的值域问题.这里要把角或边的范围找完备.避免结果的范围过大,求最值时,经常用到基本不等式,应用基本不等式时,要注意一正二定三相等,三个条件都存在.。
河南省南阳市高一下学期期末考试生物试题Word版含答案南阳市春期高中一年级期终质量评估生物试题第Ⅰ卷选择题(共60分)一、选择题(单选,每小题1.5分,40小题,共60分)1.下列各组性状中,不属于相对性状的是A.水稻的早熟与晚熟 B.豌豆的斑点叶与红色花C.小麦的抗病与易染病 D.果蝇的白眼与红眼2.下列有关遗传学的研究中,科学家所运用的实验方法,搭配合理的是①孟德尔的豌豆杂交实验提出了基因的分离定律和自由组合定律②萨顿发现基因和染色体的行为存在明显的平行关系,提出“基因在染色体上”的假说③摩尔根进行果蝇的眼色杂交实验,证明控制眼色的基因位于X染色体上A.①假说——演绎法②假说——演绎法③类比推理法B.①假说.—_演寅绎法②类比推理法③类比推理法C.①类比推理法②类比推理法③假说——演绎法D.①假说——演绎法②类比推理法③假说——演绎法3.甲、乙两位同学分别用小球进行孟德尔遗传定律的模拟实验。
甲同学每次分别从I、II小桶中随机抓取一个小球并记录字母组合;乙同学每次分别从Ⅲ、Ⅳ小桶中随机抓取一个小球并记录字母组合。
将抓取的小球分别放回原来小桶后再多次重复。
下列叙述错误的是A.实验中每只小桶内两种小球的数量必须相等B.甲同学模拟的是等位基因的分离和配予的随机结合C.乙同学模拟的是非同源染色体上非等位基因的自由组合D.甲、乙重复300次实验后,统计的Dd、AB组合的概率均约为50%4.玉米是雌雄同株的植物,可以接受本植株的花粉,也有同等机会接受其他植株的花粉。
在一块农田里间行种植等数量基因型为Aa和a的玉米,收获的子代玉米中该显性性状与隐性性状的比例应接近A.1:1B.3:5C.5:7D.7:95.孟德尔发现了遗传的两大定律。
在研究自由组合定律时,针对发现的问题提出的假设是A.F1表现显性性状,F1自交产生四种表现型不同的后代,比例为9:3:3:1B.F1形成配子时,每对遗传因子彼此分离,不同对的遗传因子自由组合C.F1产生数目、种类相等的雌雄配子,且结合机会相等D.F1测交将产生四种表现型不同的后代,比例为1:1:1:16.下列细胞为生物体的体细胞,所对应生物体(不考虑交叉互换)自交后代性状分离比为9:3:3:1的是7.用纯合的黄色皱粒和绿色圆粒豌豆作亲本进行杂交,F1全部为黄色圆粒,F1自交获得F2,从F2黄色皱粒和绿色圆粒豌豆中各取一粒,一个纯合一个杂合的概率为A.1/9B.2/9C.1/3D.4/98.人类ABO血型由9号染色体上的3个复等位基因(I A,I B和i)决定,血型与基因型对应关系如下表。
南阳市2016年秋期高中一年级期末质量评估英语试卷参考答案听力(共两节,满分30分)(后附听力原文)1-5 CBABA 6-10 BAAAB 11-15 CCAAC 16-20 BCCBA阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)21-23. ADC 24-27 DBAC 28-31 DABB 32-35ABCC 36—40 D G C F B完形填空(共20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)41-45 BDCAB 46-50 CCABD 51-55 CBAAB 56-60 ADDBD语法填空(共10小题,每小题1.5分,满分15分)61.It 62. had shopped 63.to think 64. but 65. confidently66.With 67. Hearing 68.far 69. how 70. that/which短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)71. importance改为important 72. because后面加上of73.their改为our 74. would 改为will 75. 删掉on 76. A改为The 77. invention改为inventions 78. interested改为interesting 79. Taking改为Take 80. unless改为if书面表达One possible version:In recent years, we have suffered from the heavy smog weather, which has done great harm to our daily life. Due to the heavy smog many traffic accidents happened, some people got injured and some even lost their lives. Besides, more and more people who are suffering symptoms related to smog have to go to see the doctor.Now that we have realized the great harm caused by the smog, we should take measures to reduce the smog. It is vital for the government to make it by educating people, especially factory owners, to raise their awareness of protecting the environment. In addition, people should go to work by bus or by bike if possible instead of driving as well as plant more trees so as to absorb and clean the polluted air. Only in this way can we save ourselves from the smog.I sincerely hope all the citizens can join hands to do something to save the air we breathe every day.听力原文:(Text 1)W: Do you know what happened to my pen? I left it on the desk last night.M: Don’t worry, Jane. I saw Mr. Watson give it to John this morning.(Text 2)W: I like listening to music and watching TV to relax but I like listening to music better. What about you?M: Well, I don’t like music so much. I like to take a walk.(Text 3)M: Could you help us carry these boxes, sir?M: Oh, I’d like to help you, but I’ve got a pain in my back.(Text 4)M: So have you decided about your vacation yet?W: I guess I’m going to Paris. I’ve traveled in Mexico, Central America, South America and Africa. But I’ve never been to Europe or Asia?(Text 5)W:Hey, you have so many clocks in your bedroom. Are you crazy or what?M:No, I am a heavy sleeper. I want to make sure I can wake up in the morning.(Text 6)M: Mommy, look at what I drew in art class today!W: Oh, that’s great, honey! Is this a picture of our family?M: Yep! There’s me in blue, and there’s you in the pink dress.W: You sure are a talented artist! You even drew Freckles!M: Well, he is the best dog ever! Of course I wanted to put him in the picture.W: But wait, sweetie, where is Daddy?M: He’s there, next to the tree.W: But why is he so small and so far away from us?M: Because he is always away on business.W: Hmm… Maybe it’s time I had a talk with your father about that.(Text 7)W: George, are you Okay?M: Yes, why you ask?W: I had a strange dream about you last night.M: Really? What happened in the dream?W: In my dream, you told me you were going to stop working here.M: But I love working here. Why would you say that?W: I don’t know, but it was very clear in my dream.M: I think I know what your dream means.W: Really? What?M: I think it means you don’t like working here, and you are going to leave!(Text 8)W: It’s Sunday and I think we should do s omething together today.M: That sounds like a good idea. What should we do?W: I think we should go shopping; there are great sales at the moment and I saw a lovely pink shirt I’d like to buy.M: But it’s a beautiful day today. We can shop during the week. I’m sure the shirt will still be there on Monday. I suggest we go hiking in the countrypark instead.W: That sounds great! Shall we bring something to eat? I always get hungry while hiking.M: Sure. Remember that I bought tickets for the music concert for this evening.So if we need to get back before dinner, then we’d better get out of thedoor soon.W: OK. Now I’ll get the bag; you get the food, bottle of water and the map, will you?M: OK.(Text 9)(A knock at the door)W: Come in, please.M: Hello, Kate. Where’s Jane? I want her to type this letter for me.W: I’m afraid she can’t, Tom. She isn’t working today.M: Oh, why? Is she ill?W: No. She’s studying for an exam.M: An exam. Is she going to school?W: Yes, she is. She’s learning Japanese in night school.M: I see. Are you going to night school, too?W:No, I’m not, not this year. But I’m thinking about taking a course next year.M: That’s a good idea. Is it expensive?W: No, not very. Anyway, it’s worth the money.(Text 10)Hello, everyone. This is Pat Card with your weekend weather forecast. If you are planning on going to the beach before summer ends, this weekend will be agood time to do it. Saturday’s weather will be sunny and clear, with temperature reaching 26。
第Ⅰ卷(共100分)第一部分听力理解(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Where is the man going?A.To his house.B.To the airportC.To the store.2.What color window does the man prefer?A.Green.B.Yellow.C.Dar blue.3.What is the weather lie?A.Hot.B.Cold.C.Warm.4.Why does the woman loo upset?A.She failed the math test.B.She is worried about the math eam.C.She can't wor out a math problem.5.What are the speaers mainly taling about?A.A country.B.Politeness.C.Eye contact.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或对白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置,听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题。
每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话,回答第6和第7小题。
6.What do we now about the man's car?A.It can bold two people.B.It has got a new engine.C.The heating controls are broen.7.Why doesn't the man have his car fied?A.The cost is high.B.It can't be used any more.C.It is too old.听下面一段对话,回答第8和第9小题。
数学试题第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共60分)一、选择题:本大题共12个小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.已知全集{29}U x N x +=∈-<<,{3,4,5}M =,{1,3,6}P =,那么{2,7,8}是( ) A .MP B .MP C .()()U U C M C P D .()()U U C M C P2.函数2()lg(3)f x x =+的定义域为( ) A .(3,2]- B .[3,2]- C .(3,2)- D .(,3)-∞-3.已知幂函数()y f x =的图象经过点,则2log (2)f 的值为( ) A .1 B .12-C .12D .-1 4.若偶函数()f x 在(,1]-∞-上是增函数,则下列关系式中成立的是( )A .3()(1)(2)2f f f -<-< B .3(1)()(2)2f f f -<-< C .3(2)(1)()2f f f <-<- D .3(2)()(1)2f f f <-<-5.若01a <<,1b <-,则函数()xf x a b =+的图象不经过( ) A .第一象限 B .第二象限 C .第三象限 D .第四象限6.满足条件{1,2,3}⊆≠M ⊆≠{1,2,3,4,5,6}的集合M 的个数是( )A .8B .7C .6D .57.方程330x x --=的实数解落在的区间是( ) A .[1,2] B .[]0,1 C .[1,0]- D .[2,3] 8.已知0.6log 0.5a =,ln0.5b =,0.50.6c =,则( )A .a c b >>B .a b c >>C .c a b >>D .c b a >>9.若函数,1()(23)1,1x a x f x a x x ⎧>=⎨-+≤⎩是R 上的减函数,则实数a 的取值范围是( )A .2(,1)3B .3[,1)4C .23(,]34D .2(,)3+∞ 10.设01x y a <<<<,则有( )A .log ()0a xy <B .0log ()1a xy <<C .1log ()2a xy <<D .log ()2a xy > 11.已知函数2()lg()f x ax x a =-+定义域为R ,则实数a 的取值范围是( ) A .11(,)22- B .11(,)(,)22-∞-+∞ C .1(,)2+∞ D .11(,)[,)22-∞-+∞ 12.若函数()(1)xxf x k a a-=--(0,1a a >≠)在R 上既是奇函数,又是减函数,则()log ()a g x x k =+的图象是( )第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共90分)二、填空题(本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.)13.已知1)f x =-()8f a =,则实数a 的值_____________.14.函数23log (2)y x x =-的单调减区间是_____________.15.若函数()y f x =的值域为1[,3]2,则函数1()()()F x f x f x =+的值域是_____________. 16.已知集合{1,2,3}A =,{4,5,6}B =,:f A B →为集合A 到集合B 的一个函数,那么该函数的值域C 的不同情况有_____________种.三、解答题 (本大题共6小题,共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.) 17.(本小题满分10分)已知集合{22}A x a x a =-≤≤+,{14}B x x x =≤≥或 (1)当3a =时,求A B ;(2)当0a >且AB φ=时,求实数a 的取值范围.18.(本小题满分12分)计算:(1)100.256371.5()86-⨯-+(2)5log 3333322log 2log log 8259-+-. 19.(本小题满分12分)已知函数()f x 是定义在R 上的偶函数,且当0x ≥时,2()2f x x x =-. (1)写出函数()f x ,x R ∈的解析式;(2)若函数()()22g x f x ax =++,[2,1]x ∈--,求函数()g x 的最小值()h a . 20.(本小题满分12分)依法纳税是每个公民应尽的义务,规定:公民全月工资、薪金所得不超过3500元的,免征个人所得税;超过3500元的部分为全月应纳税所得额,此项税款按下表分段累计计算;(1)若应纳税额为()f x ,试用分段函数表示1~3级纳税额()f x 的计算公式; (2)某人一月份应交纳此项税款303元,那么他当月的工资、薪金所得是多少? 21.(本小题满分12分)已知定义为R 的函数()f x 满足下列条件:(1)对任意的实数,x y 都有:()()()1f x y f x f y -=-+,(2)当0x >时,()1f x >.(1)求(0)f ;(2)求证:()f x 在R 上为增函数;(3)若3a ≤-,关于x 的不等式2(2)()2f ax f x x -+-<对任意的[1,)x ∈-+∞恒成立,求实数a 的取值范围. 22.(本小题满分12分已知函数2ln ,0()41,0x x f x x x x ⎧>⎪=⎨++≤⎪⎩,()()g x f x a =-.(1)当2a =时,求函数()g x 的零点;(2)若函数()g x 有四个零点,求a 的取值范围;(3)在(2)的条件下,记()g x 的四个零点分别为1234,,,x x x x ,求1234x x x x +++的取值范围.2016年秋期高中一年级期中质量评估数学试题参考答案一、选择题1----6 DCCDAC 7-----12 AACDCA 二、填空题13、a=3 14、 (-∞,0) 15、⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡310,2 16.7 三、解答题17、(1)当a=3时,A={x |-1≤x ≤5}. 又B={x |x ≤1或x ≥4},∴A∩B={x|-1≤x1或4≤x≤≤5}.——————5分(2)∵A∩B=φ,A={x|2-a≤x≤2+a}(a >0),B={x|x ≤1或x ≥4},⎩⎨⎧<+>-∴,42,12a a ∴a<1, ∵a>0, ∴0<a <1.——————10分 18、(1) 110 6分 (2) -7 12分19、解:(1)()15000.110545000.25559000x f x x x x x <≤⎧⎪=-<≤⎨⎪-<≤⎩0.03x 0 1500 4500 ————————9分(2)令()303f x =,得7580x =答:他当月的工资、薪金所得为7580元.——————————12分20、解:(1)函数f (x )是定义在R 上的偶函数,且当x≥0时,f (x )=x 2﹣2x . 当x ﹤0时,-x>0则f (x )=f(-x)=(-x)2﹣2(-x)=x 2+2x所以:f (x )=⎩⎨⎧≤+≥-020222x x x x x x ————————4分(2)①当-(a+1)≥-1时,即a≤0,g (x )min =g (-1)=1﹣2a ②当-2<-(a+1)<-1时,即0<a <1 g (x )min=g=122+--a a ③当a+1≤- 2时,即a≥1 g(x )min =g (-2)=2﹣2a综上:⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≥-<<+--≤-=1,4210120,21)(2a a a ,a a a a a h .————————12分 21、解:(1)由题设,令x=y=0,恒等式可变为f (0-0)=f (0)-f (0)+1,解得f (0)=1——————2分 (2)任取x 1<x 2,则x 2﹣x 1>0,由题设x >0时,f (x )>1,可得f (x 2﹣x 1)>1, ∵f(x -y )=f (x )-f (y )+1,∴f(x 2﹣x 1)=f (x 2)-f (x 1)+1,∴f(x 2)-f (x 1)=f (x 2﹣x 1)-1>0, 即f (x 1)<f (x 2)所以 f (x )是R 上增函数;————————8分(3)由已知条件f (x -y )=f (x )-f (y )+1有f (x -y )+f (y )=f (x )+1 所以f (ax ﹣2)+f (x ﹣x 2)=f (ax ﹣2+x ﹣x 2)+1 故原不等式可化为:f (ax ﹣2+x ﹣x 2)+1<2即f <1由(1)f (0)=1故不等式可化为f <f (0);由(2)可知f (x )在R 上为增函数,所以﹣x 2+(a+1)x ﹣2<0. 即x 2﹣(a+1)x+2>0在x∈[﹣1,+∞)上恒成立, 令g (x )=x 2﹣(a+1)x+2,即g (x )min >0成立即可 由a≤﹣3知121-≤+a g (x )在x∈[﹣1,+∞)上单调递增当0≤x 时,由2142=++x x ,解得52+-=x (舍)或52--=x , ∴函数g (x )有三个零点,分别为522,1,22--e e ————————4分 (2)函数g (x )=f (x )-a 的零点个数即为y=f (x )的图象与y=a 的图象的交点个数,在同一平面直角坐标系中作出函数y=f (x )的图象与y=a 的图象,结合两函数图象可知,函数g (x )有四个零点时,a 的取值是10≤<a .——————8分(3)不妨设4321x x x x <<<,结合图象知,421-=+x x 由a x x ==|ln ||ln |43,得143=x x ,又易知],1(4e x ∈,⎥⎦⎤ ⎝⎛+∈+=+∴e e x x x x 1,214443, 故4321x x x x +++的取值范围是⎥⎦⎤⎝⎛-+-41,2e e .————————12分。
南阳市2016年秋期期终质量评估高一英语试题说明:1 •本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第H卷(非选择题)两部分。
满分150分,考试时间120分钟。
2•在答题纸的密封线内填写学校、班级、姓名、考号、座号,密封线内不要答题。
3•将所有答案均按题号填涂或填写在答题卡或答题纸相应的答题处,否则不得分。
第I卷选择题(共1 00分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题,每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who probably has the woma n's pen now?A. Jack.B. Mr. Watso n.C. Joh n.2. What does the man like doing to relax?A. Watch ing TV.B. Goi ng walki ng.C. Liste ning to music.3:What does the man mean?A. He is un able to give help.B. He will carry the boxes later.C. He refuses to pay for boxes.4. Where will the woman probably go for her holiday?A. To South America..B. To Europe.C. To Africa.5. What do we know about the man?A. He has difficulty wak ing up.B. He likes collect ing clocks.C. He gets up late everyday.第二节(共1 5小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
一、选择题(本题共12小题,每小题4分,共48分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,1—8题只有一个选项符合题目要求;9—12题有多项符合题目要求,全选对得4分,选对但不全的得2分,有选错或不选的得0分)1. 下列关于天文学发展历史说法正确的是A. 哥白尼建立了日心说,现代天文学证明太阳就是宇宙的中心B. 开普勒指出:绕同一恒星运行的行星轨道的半长轴的平方跟公转周期的立方之比都相等C. 牛顿建立了万有引力定律,但当时还不能计算出物体之间的万有引力大小D. 卡文迪许用扭秤实验测出了万有引力常量G,其在国际单位制中的单位是:N2m / kg2【答案】C2. 下列关于曲线运动的说法中正确的是A. 曲线运动不一定是变速运动B. 物体在一恒力作用下可能做曲线运动C. 做曲线运动的物体,速度方向时刻变化,故曲线运动不可能是匀变速运动D. 物体只有在受到方向时刻变化的力的作用时才可能做曲线运动【答案】B【解析】做曲线运动物体的速度方向一定变化,故曲线运动一定是变速运动,所以A错误;C错误;物体在一恒力作用下可能做曲线运动,比如平抛运动,故B正确;D错误。
@3. 小船在静水中的速度为3m/s,它在一条流速为4m/s,河宽为150m的河流中渡河,则A. 小船不可能垂直河岸到达对岸B. 小船渡河的时间可能为40sC. 小船渡河时间可能为30sD. 小船若在50s内渡河,到达河对岸时被冲下150m远【答案】A【解析】由题意知,水流的速度大于船在静水中的速度,所以小船不可能垂直河岸到达对岸,故A正确;当船头垂直河岸时,渡河时间最短为错误!未找到引用源。
,所以B错误;C错误;平行与河岸的位移x=vt=200m,所以D错误。
4. 甲、乙两球位于同一竖直线上的不同位置,甲所在位置比乙高h,如图所示.将甲、乙两球分别以v1、v2的速度沿同一水平方向抛出,不计空气阻力,有可能使乙球击中甲球的是A. 甲比乙早抛出,且v1>v2B. 甲比乙后抛出,且v1>v2C. 甲比乙早抛出,且v1<v2D. 同时抛出,且v1<v2【答案】C5. 如图所示,某同学对着墙壁练习打乒乓球,某次球与墙壁上A点碰撞后水平弹离,恰好垂直落在球拍上的B 点,已知球拍与水平方向夹角30°,AB两点高度差错误!未找到引用源。
2016-2017学年河南省南阳市高一(上)期末数学试卷一、选择题(共12小题,每小题5分,满分60分)1.若函数y=的定义域为集合A,函数y=x2+2的值域为集合B,则A∩B=()A.[1,+∞)B.(1,+∞)C.[2,+∞)D.(0,+∞)2.直线x﹣y﹣1=0的倾斜角与其在y轴上的截距分别是()A.135°,1 B.45°,﹣1 C.45°,1 D.135°,﹣13.设点B是点A(2,﹣3,5)关于xOy面的对称点,则A、B两点距离为()A.10 B. C. D.384.已知a=log5,b=log23,c=1,d=3﹣0.6,那么()A.a<c<b<d B.a<d<c<b C.a<b<c<d D.a<c<d<b5.设a,b,c是三条不同的直线,α,β,γ是三个不同的平面,则下列命题正确的是()A.若α⊥β,α⊥γ,则β⊥γB.若a,b与c所成的角相等,则a∥bC.若α⊥α,α∥β,则α⊥βD.若a∥b,a⊊α,则b∥α6.已知函数f(x)=是R上的增函数,则a的取值范围是()A.﹣3≤a<0 B.﹣3≤a≤﹣2 C.a≤﹣2 D.a<07.一个三棱锥P﹣ABC的三条侧棱PA、PB、PC两两互相垂直,且长度分别为1、、3,则这个三棱锥的外接球的表面积为()A.16πB.32πC.36πD.64π8.出租车按如下方法收费:起步价7元,可行3km(不含3km);3km到7km (不含7km)按1.6元/km计价(不足1km按1km计算);7km以后按2.2元/km 计价,到目的地结算时还需付1元的燃油附加费.若从甲地坐出租车到乙地(路程12.2km),需付车费(精确到1元)()A.28元B.27元C.26元D.25元9.已知函数f(x)=4﹣x2,g(x)是定义在(﹣∞,0)∪(0,+∞)上的奇函数,当x>0时,g(x)=log2x,则函数y=f(x)•g(x)的大致图象为()A.B.C.D.10.若函数f(x)=2ax2﹣x﹣1在区间(0,1)内恰有一个零点,则实数a的取值范围是()A.(﹣∞,﹣1)B.(1,+∞)C.(﹣1,1)D.[0,1)11.若方程﹣x﹣a=0有两个不同的实数解,则实数a的取值范围为()A.(﹣,) B.[﹣,]C.[﹣1,) D.[1,)12.某几何体的主视图和左视图如图(1),它的俯视图的直观图是矩形O1A1B1C1如图(2),其中O1A1=6,O1C1=2,则该几何体的侧面积为()A.48 B.64 C.96 D.128二、填空题(共4小题,每小题5分,满分20分)13. +lg4﹣lg=.14.一条光线从A(﹣,0)处射到点B(0,1)后被y轴反射,则反射光线所在直线的方程为.15.一个圆锥的底面半径为2cm,高为6cm,在其中有一个高位xcm的内接圆柱,当圆柱的侧面积最大时,x=.16.已知圆O:x2+y2=4,直线l:mx﹣y+1=0与圆O交于点A,C,直线n:x+my ﹣m=0与圆O交于点B,D,则四边形ABCD面积的最大值是.三、解答题(共6小题,满分70分)17.已知A={x|<3x<9},B={x|log2x>0}.(Ⅰ)求A∩B和A∪B;(Ⅱ)定义A﹣B={x|x∈A且x∉B},求A﹣B和B﹣A.18.已知直线l1:x+my+1=0和l2:(m﹣3)x﹣2y+(13﹣7m)=0.(1)若l1⊥l2,求实数m的值;(2)若l1∥l2,求l1与l2之间的距离d.19.如图,等腰梯形ABCD中,AB∥CD,AD⊥BD,矩形ABEF所在的平面和平面ABCD相互垂直.(1)求证:AD⊥平面DBE;(2)若AB=2,AD=AF=1,求三棱锥C﹣BDE的体积.20.已知指数函数y=g(x)满足:g()=,定义域为R的函数f(x)=是奇函数.(1)确定y=f(x)和y=g(x)的解析式;(2)判断函数f(x)的单调性,并用定义证明;(3)解关于t的不等式f(t2﹣2t)+f(2t2﹣1)<0.21.如图,在四棱锥S﹣ABCD中,底面ABCD是正方形,其他四个侧面都是等边三角形,AC与BD的交点为O,E为侧棱SC上一点.(Ⅰ)当E为侧棱SC的中点时,求证:SA∥平面BDE;(Ⅱ)求证:平面BDE⊥平面SAC;(Ⅲ)(理科)当二面角E﹣BD﹣C的大小为45°时,试判断点E在SC上的位置,并说明理由.22.已知圆C:x2+y2+2x﹣4y+3=0.(1)若圆C的切线在x轴和y轴上的截距相等,求此切线的方程;(2)从圆C外一点P(x1,y1)向该圆引一条切线,切点为M,O为坐标原点,且有|PM|=|PO|,求使得|PM|取得最小值的点P的坐标.2016-2017学年河南省南阳市高一(上)期末数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题(共12小题,每小题5分,满分60分)1.若函数y=的定义域为集合A,函数y=x2+2的值域为集合B,则A∩B=()A.[1,+∞)B.(1,+∞)C.[2,+∞)D.(0,+∞)【考点】交集及其运算.【分析】求出集合A,B,即可求解交集.【解答】解:函数y=的定义域为集合A={x|x≥1},函数y=x2+2的值域为集合B=[2,+∞),则A∩B=[2,+∞).故选:C.2.直线x﹣y﹣1=0的倾斜角与其在y轴上的截距分别是()A.135°,1 B.45°,﹣1 C.45°,1 D.135°,﹣1【考点】直线的一般式方程.【分析】根据题意,将直线的方程变形为斜截式方程,可得直线的斜率与其在y 轴上的截距,利用倾斜角与斜率的关系,可得其倾斜角,即可得答案.【解答】解:根据题意,直线的方程为x﹣y﹣1=0,变形可得y=x﹣1,则其斜率k=1,倾斜角θ=45°,在y轴上的截距为﹣1;故选:B.3.设点B是点A(2,﹣3,5)关于xOy面的对称点,则A、B两点距离为()A.10 B. C. D.38【考点】空间两点间的距离公式;空间中的点的坐标.【分析】点B是A(2,﹣3,5)关于xoy平面对称的点,B点的横标和纵标与A点相同,竖标相反,写出点B的坐标,根据这条线段与z轴平行,得到A、B两点距离.【解答】解:点B是A(2,﹣3,5)关于xoy平面对称的点,∴B点的横标和纵标与A点相同,竖标相反,∴B(2,﹣3,﹣5)∴AB的长度是5﹣(﹣5)=10,故选A.4.已知a=log5,b=log23,c=1,d=3﹣0.6,那么()A.a<c<b<d B.a<d<c<b C.a<b<c<d D.a<c<d<b【考点】对数值大小的比较.【分析】利用对数函数、指数数的性质求解.【解答】解:∵a=log5<=﹣2,b=log23>log22=1,c=1,0<d=3﹣0.6<30=1,∴a<d<c<b.故选:B.5.设a,b,c是三条不同的直线,α,β,γ是三个不同的平面,则下列命题正确的是()A.若α⊥β,α⊥γ,则β⊥γB.若a,b与c所成的角相等,则a∥bC.若α⊥α,α∥β,则α⊥βD.若a∥b,a⊊α,则b∥α【考点】命题的真假判断与应用.【分析】A,比如正方体的两个侧面都垂直底面,两侧面可以相交;B,若a,b与c所成的角相等,则a、b的位置关系不定;C,根据线面、面面垂直的判定定理判定;D,若a∥b,a⊊α,则b∥α或b⊂α.【解答】解:对于A,比如正方体的两个侧面都垂直底面,两侧面可以相交,故错;对于B,若a,b与c所成的角相等,则a、b的位置关系不定,故错;对于C,α⊥α,α∥β,则α⊥β,正确;对于D,若a∥b,a⊊α,则b∥α或b⊂α,故错;故选:C.6.已知函数f(x)=是R上的增函数,则a的取值范围是()A.﹣3≤a<0 B.﹣3≤a≤﹣2 C.a≤﹣2 D.a<0【考点】函数单调性的性质;二次函数的性质.【分析】由函数f(x)上R上的增函数可得函数,设g(x)=﹣x2﹣ax﹣5,h(x)=,则可知函数g(x)在x≤1时单调递增,函数h(x)在(1,+∞)单调递增,且g(1)≤h(1),从而可求【解答】解:∵函数是R上的增函数设g(x)=﹣x2﹣ax﹣5(x≤1),h(x)=(x>1)由分段函数的性质可知,函数g(x)=﹣x2﹣ax﹣5在(﹣∞,1]单调递增,函数h(x)=在(1,+∞)单调递增,且g(1)≤h(1)∴∴解可得,﹣3≤a≤﹣2故选B7.一个三棱锥P﹣ABC的三条侧棱PA、PB、PC两两互相垂直,且长度分别为1、、3,则这个三棱锥的外接球的表面积为()A.16πB.32πC.36πD.64π【考点】球的体积和表面积.【分析】三棱锥P﹣ABC的三条侧棱PA、PB、PC两两互相垂直,它的外接球就是它扩展为长方体的外接球,求出长方体的对角线的长,就是球的直径,然后求球的表面积.【解答】解:三棱锥P﹣ABC的三条侧棱PA、PB、PC两两互相垂直,它的外接球就是它扩展为长方体的外接球,求出长方体的对角线的长:所以球的直径是4,半径为2,球的表面积:16π故选A.8.出租车按如下方法收费:起步价7元,可行3km(不含3km);3km到7km (不含7km)按1.6元/km计价(不足1km按1km计算);7km以后按2.2元/km 计价,到目的地结算时还需付1元的燃油附加费.若从甲地坐出租车到乙地(路程12.2km),需付车费(精确到1元)()A.28元B.27元C.26元D.25元【考点】函数的值.【分析】设路程为x,需付车费为y元,则有y=,由此能求出从甲地坐出租车到乙地需付车费.【解答】解:设路程为x,需付车费为y元,则有y=,由题意知从甲地坐出租车到乙地,需付车费:y=14.4+2.2(12.2﹣7)=25.84≈26(元)故选:C.9.已知函数f(x)=4﹣x2,g(x)是定义在(﹣∞,0)∪(0,+∞)上的奇函数,当x>0时,g(x)=log2x,则函数y=f(x)•g(x)的大致图象为()A.B.C.D.【考点】函数的图象;函数奇偶性的性质.【分析】由已知中函数f(x)=4﹣x2,当x>0时,g(x)=log2x,我们易判断出函数在区间(0,+∞)上的形状,再根据函数奇偶性的性质,我们根据“奇×偶=奇”,可以判断出函数y=f(x)•g(x)的奇偶性,进而根据奇函数图象的特点得到答案.【解答】解:∵函数f(x)=4﹣x2,是定义在R上偶函数g(x)是定义在(﹣∞,0)∪(0,+∞)上的奇函数,故函数y=f(x)•g(x)为奇函数,共图象关于原点对称,故A,C不正确又∵函数f(x)=4﹣x2,当x>0时,g(x)=log2x,故当0<x<1时,y=f(x)•g(x)<0;当1<x<2时,y=f(x)•g(x)>0;当x>2时,y=f(x)•g(x)<0;故D不正确故选B10.若函数f(x)=2ax2﹣x﹣1在区间(0,1)内恰有一个零点,则实数a的取值范围是()A.(﹣∞,﹣1)B.(1,+∞)C.(﹣1,1)D.[0,1)【考点】函数零点的判定定理.【分析】讨论a的不同取值以确定方程是否是二次方程及二次方程的根的大致位置,再由方程的根与函数的零点的关系判断即可.【解答】解:若函数f(x)=2ax2﹣x﹣1在区间(0,1)内恰有一个零点,则方程2ax2﹣x﹣1=0在区间(0,1)内恰有一个根,若a=0,则方程2ax2﹣x﹣1=0可化为:﹣x﹣1=0方程的解为﹣1,不成立;若a<0,则方程2ax2﹣x﹣1=0不可能有正根,故不成立;若a>0,则△=1+8a>0,且c=﹣1<0;故方程有一正一负两个根,故方程2ax2﹣x﹣1=0在区间(0,1)内恰有一个解可化为(2a•02﹣0﹣1)(2a•12﹣1﹣1)<0;解得,a>1;故实数a的取值范围是(1,+∞),故选:B11.若方程﹣x﹣a=0有两个不同的实数解,则实数a的取值范围为()A.(﹣,) B.[﹣,]C.[﹣1,) D.[1,)【考点】根的存在性及根的个数判断.【分析】由题意得,函数y=与函数y=x+m 有两个不同的交点,结合图象得出结果.【解答】解:由方程﹣x﹣a=0得方程=x+a,若方程﹣x﹣a=0有两个不同的实数解,即函数y=与y=x+a有两个不同的交点.y=的图象过圆心在(0,0)半径为1的半圆,直线y=x+a的图象斜率为1的平行直线系,如图所示:当直线过点(0,1)时,两个图象有2个交点,此时a=1,当直线y=x+a与圆相切时,圆心到直线的距离d=,解得a=或(舍去),故直线y=x+a在y轴上的截距a的取值范围为:﹣2≤a<,即为[1,),故选:D.12.某几何体的主视图和左视图如图(1),它的俯视图的直观图是矩形O1A1B1C1如图(2),其中O1A1=6,O1C1=2,则该几何体的侧面积为()A.48 B.64 C.96 D.128【考点】由三视图求面积、体积.【分析】由已知中的三视图可得该几何体是一个四棱柱,计算出底面的周长和高,进而可得几何体的侧面积.【解答】解:由已知中的三视图可得该几何体是一个四棱柱,∵它的俯视图的直观图是矩形O1A1B1C1,O1A1=6,O1C1=2,∴它的俯视图的直观图面积为12,∴它的俯视图的面积为:24,∴它的俯视图的俯视图是边长为:6的菱形,棱柱的高为4故该几何体的侧面积为:4×6×4=96,故选:C.二、填空题(共4小题,每小题5分,满分20分)13. +lg4﹣lg=2.【考点】有理数指数幂的化简求值;对数的运算性质.【分析】81﹣0.25=(34)﹣0.25,=,lg4﹣lg=lg2+lg5.【解答】解: +lg4﹣lg=[(34)﹣0.25+]+lg2+lg5=(+)+1=2;故答案为:2.14.一条光线从A(﹣,0)处射到点B(0,1)后被y轴反射,则反射光线所在直线的方程为2x+y﹣1=0.【考点】与直线关于点、直线对称的直线方程.【分析】由反射定律可得点A(﹣,0)关于y轴的对称点A′(,0)在反射光线所在的直线上,再根据点B(0,1)也在反射光线所在的直线上,用两点式求得反射光线所在的直线方程.【解答】解:由反射定律可得点点A(﹣,0)关于y轴的对称点A′(,0)在反射光线所在的直线上,再根据点B(0,1)也在反射光线所在的直线上,用两点式求得反射光线所在的直线方程为,即2x+y﹣1=0,故答案为:2x+y﹣1=0.15.一个圆锥的底面半径为2cm,高为6cm,在其中有一个高位xcm的内接圆柱,当圆柱的侧面积最大时,x=3cm.【考点】棱柱、棱锥、棱台的侧面积和表面积.【分析】设圆柱的半径为r,由,可得r=,又l=x(0<x<6),可得圆柱侧面积,利用配方法求出最大值.【解答】解:设圆柱的半径为r,由,可得r=,又l=x(0<x<6)所以圆柱的侧面积=,当且仅当x=3cm时圆柱的侧面积最大.故答案为3cm.16.已知圆O:x2+y2=4,直线l:mx﹣y+1=0与圆O交于点A,C,直线n:x+my ﹣m=0与圆O交于点B,D,则四边形ABCD面积的最大值是7.【考点】直线与圆相交的性质.【分析】先确定直线m,n恒过定点M(0,1),圆心O(0,0),半径R=2,AC2+BD2为定值,表示出面积,即可求四边形ABCD的面积的最大值和最小值.【解答】解:由题意可得,直线m,n恒过定点M(0,1),圆心O(0,0),半径R=2,设弦AC,BD的中点分别为E,F,则OE2+OF2=OM2=1,∴AC2+BD2=4(8﹣OE2﹣OF2)=28,∴S2≤AC2•BD2=AC2•(28﹣AC2)≤=49,∴S≤7,当且仅当AC2=28﹣AC2,即AC=时,取等号,故四边形ABCD面积S的最大值为7.故答案为:7.三、解答题(共6小题,满分70分)17.已知A={x|<3x<9},B={x|log2x>0}.(Ⅰ)求A∩B和A∪B;(Ⅱ)定义A﹣B={x|x∈A且x∉B},求A﹣B和B﹣A.【考点】交集及其运算.【分析】(Ⅰ)求出A与B中其他不等式的解集确定出A与B,找出两集合的交集,并集即可;(Ⅱ)根据A﹣B的定义,求出A﹣B与B﹣A即可.【解答】解:(Ⅰ)由A中的不等式变形得:3﹣1<3x<32,解得:﹣1<x<2,即A=(﹣1,2),由B中的不等式变形得:log2x>0=log21,得到x>1,∴B=(1,+∞),则A∩B=(1,2);A∪B=(﹣1,+∞);(Ⅱ)∵A=(﹣1,2),B=(1,+∞),A﹣B={x|x∈A且x∉B},∴A﹣B=(﹣1,1];B﹣A=[2,+∞).18.已知直线l1:x+my+1=0和l2:(m﹣3)x﹣2y+(13﹣7m)=0.(1)若l1⊥l2,求实数m的值;(2)若l1∥l2,求l1与l2之间的距离d.【考点】两条平行直线间的距离;直线的一般式方程与直线的垂直关系.【分析】(1)由垂直可得1•(m﹣3)﹣2m=0,解方程可得;(2)由l1∥l2可得m值,可得直线方程,由平行线间的距离公式可得.【解答】解:(1)∵直线l1:x+my+1=0和l2:(m﹣3)x﹣2y+(13﹣7m)=0,∴当l1⊥l2时,1•(m﹣3)﹣2m=0,解得m=﹣3;(2)由l1∥l2可得m(m﹣3)+2=0,解得m=1或m=﹣2,当m=2时,l1与l2重合,应舍去,当m=1时,可得l1:x+y+1=0,l2:﹣2x﹣2y+6=0,即x+y﹣3=0,由平行线间的距离公式可得d==219.如图,等腰梯形ABCD中,AB∥CD,AD⊥BD,矩形ABEF所在的平面和平面ABCD相互垂直.(1)求证:AD⊥平面DBE;(2)若AB=2,AD=AF=1,求三棱锥C﹣BDE的体积.【考点】棱柱、棱锥、棱台的体积;直线与平面垂直的判定.【分析】(1)要证线与面垂直,需先证明直线AF垂直于平面内的两条相交直线,因为矩形ABCD所在的平面和平面ABEF互相垂直,所以BC垂直于平面ABEF,从而AF垂直于BC,依题意,AF垂直于BF,从而得证.(2)三棱锥E﹣BCD与三棱锥C﹣BDE的体积相等,先计算底面三角形BCD的面积,算三棱锥C﹣BEF的高,即为BE,最后由三棱锥体积计算公式计算即可.【解答】(1)证明:∵平面ABCD⊥平面ABEF.平面ABCD∩平面ABEF=AB.∵矩形ABEF.∴EB⊥AB.∵EB⊂平面ABEF.∴EB⊥平面ABCD∵AD⊂平面ABCD.∵EB⊥AD,AD⊥BD,BD∩EB=B.∴AD⊥平面BDE(2)∵AD=1,AD⊥BD,AB=2,∴∠DAB=60°,过点C作CH⊥AB于H,则∠CBH=60°,∴CH=,CD=AB﹣2HB=1,=×1×=,∵EB⊥平面ABCD,故S△BCD=×S△BCD×BE=××1=∴三棱锥E﹣BCD的高为EB=1,∴V E﹣BCD20.已知指数函数y=g(x)满足:g()=,定义域为R的函数f(x)=是奇函数.(1)确定y=f(x)和y=g(x)的解析式;(2)判断函数f(x)的单调性,并用定义证明;(3)解关于t的不等式f(t2﹣2t)+f(2t2﹣1)<0.【考点】奇偶性与单调性的综合.【分析】(1)由g()=,可得y=g(x)的解析式;由函数f(x)=是奇函数,可得m值,进而可得y=f(x)解析式;(2)函数f(x)在R为减函数,作差判断可得绪论;(3)f(x)在(﹣∞,+∞)上为减函数.又因为f(x)是奇函数,所以不等式f(t2﹣2t)+f(2t2﹣1)<0等价于t2﹣2t>﹣2t2+1,解得答案.【解答】解:(1)设g(x)=a x,∴g()==,∴a=2,∴g(x)=2x,∴f(x)=,∵f(x)是奇函数,∴f(﹣x)=﹣f(x),即==﹣,解得m=2,∴f(x)=(2)函数f(x)在R为减函数,理由如下:任取x1,x2∈R,且x1<x2,则,,∴f(x1)﹣f(x2)=﹣=>0,即f(x1)>f(x2)…故函数f(x)在R为减函数.(3)f(x)在(﹣∞,+∞)上为减函数.又因为f(x)是奇函数,所以不等式f(t2﹣2t)+f(2t2﹣1)<0等价于f(t2﹣2t)<﹣f(2t2﹣1)=f(﹣2t2+1).因为f(x)是减函数,由上式推得t2﹣2t>﹣2t2+1,即3t2﹣2t﹣1>0,解不等式可得{t|t>1或.21.如图,在四棱锥S﹣ABCD中,底面ABCD是正方形,其他四个侧面都是等边三角形,AC与BD的交点为O,E为侧棱SC上一点.(Ⅰ)当E为侧棱SC的中点时,求证:SA∥平面BDE;(Ⅱ)求证:平面BDE⊥平面SAC;(Ⅲ)(理科)当二面角E﹣BD﹣C的大小为45°时,试判断点E在SC上的位置,并说明理由.【考点】用空间向量求平面间的夹角;直线与平面平行的判定;平面与平面垂直的判定;与二面角有关的立体几何综合题.【分析】(I)做出辅助线,连接OE,由条件可得SA∥OE.根据因为SA⊈平面BDE,OE⊂平面BDE,得到SA∥平面BDE.(II)建立坐标系,写出要用的点的坐标,写出要用的向量的坐标,设出平面的法向量,根据法向量与平面上的向量垂直,写出一个法向量,根据两个法向量垂直证明两个平面垂直.(III)本题是一个一个二面角为条件,写出点的位置,做法同求两个平面的夹角一样,设出求出法向量,根据两个向量的夹角得到点要满足的条件,求出点的位置.【解答】解:(Ⅰ)证明:连接OE,由条件可得SA∥OE.因为SA⊈平面BDE,OE⊂平面BDE,所以SA∥平面BDE.(Ⅱ)证明:由(Ⅰ)知SO⊥面ABCD,AC⊥BD.建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系.设四棱锥S﹣ABCD的底面边长为2,则O(0,0,0),S(0,0,),A(,0,0),B(0,,0),C(﹣,0,0),D(0,﹣,0).所以=(﹣20,0),=(0,,0).设CE=a(0<a<2),由已知可求得∠ECO=45°.所以E(﹣+a,0,a),=(﹣+,﹣,).设平面BDE法向量为n=(x,y,z),则即令z=1,得n=(,0,1).易知=(0,,0)是平面SAC的法向量.因为n•=(,0,1)•(0,﹣,0)=0,所以n⊥,所以平面BDE ⊥平面SAC.(Ⅲ)设CE=a(0<a<2),由(Ⅱ)可知,平面BDE法向量为n=(,0,1).因为SO⊥底面ABCD,所以=(0,0,)是平面BDC的一个法向量.由已知二面角E﹣BD﹣C的大小为45°.所以|cos(,n)|=cos45°=,所以,解得a=1.所以点E是SC的中点.22.已知圆C:x2+y2+2x﹣4y+3=0.(1)若圆C的切线在x轴和y轴上的截距相等,求此切线的方程;(2)从圆C外一点P(x1,y1)向该圆引一条切线,切点为M,O为坐标原点,且有|PM|=|PO|,求使得|PM|取得最小值的点P的坐标.【考点】直线与圆的位置关系.【分析】(1)当截距不为0时,根据圆C的切线在x轴和y轴的截距相等,设出切线方程x+y=a,然后利用点到直线的距离公式求出圆心到切线的距离d,让d 等于圆的半径r,列出关于a的方程,求出方程的解即可得到a的值,得到切线的方程;当截距为0时,设出切线方程为y=kx,同理列出关于k的方程,求出方程的解即可得到k的值,得到切线的方程;(2)根据圆切线垂直于过切点的半径,得到三角形CPM为直角三角形,根据勾股定理表示出点P的轨迹方程,由轨迹方程得到动点P的轨迹为一条直线,所以|PM|的最小值就是|PO|的最小值,求出原点到P轨迹方程的距离即为|PO|的最小值,然后利用两点间的距离公式表示出P到O的距离,把P代入动点的轨迹方程,两者联立即可此时P的坐标.【解答】解:(1)∵切线在两坐标轴上的截距相等,∴当截距不为零时,设切线方程为x+y=a,又∵圆C:(x+1)2+(y﹣2)2=2,∴圆心C(﹣1,2)到切线的距离等于圆的半径,即,解得:a=﹣1或a=3,当截距为零时,设y=kx,同理可得或,则所求切线的方程为x+y+1=0或x+y﹣3=0或或.(2)∵切线PM与半径CM垂直,∴|PM|2=|PC|2﹣|CM|2.∴(x1+1)2+(y1﹣2)2﹣2=x12+y12.∴2x1﹣4y1+3=0.∴动点P的轨迹是直线2x﹣4y+3=0.∴|PM|的最小值就是|PO|的最小值.而|PO|的最小值为原点O到直线2x﹣4y+3=0的距离,∴由,可得故所求点P的坐标为.2017年2月21日。
绝密★启用前【全国市级联考word 】河南省南阳市重点中学联合体2016-2017学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题(有答案)试卷副标题考试范围:xxx ;考试时间:27分钟;命题人:xxx学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________注意事项.1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷(选择题)一、阅读理解(题型注释)It was a winter morning, just a couple of weeks before Christmas 2005. While most people were warming up their cars, Trevor, my husband, had to get up early to ride his bike four kilometers away from home to work. On arrival, he parked his bike outside the back door as he usually does. After putting in 10 hours of labor, he returned to find his bike gone.The bike, a black Kona 18 speed, was our only transport. Trevor used it to get to work putting in 60-hour weeks to support his young family. And the bike was also used to get groceries (食品杂货), saving us from having to walk long distances from where we live.I was so sad that someone would steal our bike that I to the newspaper and told them our story. Shortly after that, several people in our area offered to help. One wonderful stranger even bought a bike, then called my husband to pick it up. Once again my husband had a way to get to and from his job. It really is an honor that a complete stranger would go out of their way for someone they have never met before.People say that a smile can be passed from one person to another, but but acts of kindness from试卷第2页,共11页strangers are even more so. This experience has had a spreading effect in our lives because it strengthened our faith in humanity (人性) as a whole. And it has influenced (影响) us to be more mindful of ways we, too, can share with others. No matter how big or how small, an act of kindness shows that someone cares. And the results can be everlasting. 1、Why was the bike so important to the couple?A .They used it for work and daily life.B .It was their only possession.C .The man‟s job was bike racing.D .It was a nice Kona 18 speed.2、We can infer from the text that .A .the couple worked 60 hours a week.B .people were busy before ChristmasC .life was hard for the young family.D .the stranger brought over the bike3、How did people get to know the couple‟s problem?A .From radio broadcasts.B .From TV news.C .From a newspaper.D .From a stranger. 4、What do the couple learn from their experience?A .Strangers are usually of little help.B .An act of kindness can mean a lot.C .News reports make people famous.D .One should take care of their bike.In my mind, there is a moving story about a skinny young boy who loved football with all his heart.Practice after practice, he eagerly gave everything he had. Being half the size of the other boys, he got absolutely nowhere. Despite his hard training at all the games, this hopeful athlete sat on the bench and hardly ever played.This teenager lived alone with his father, and the relationship between the two of them was very special. Even though the son was always on the bench, his father was always in the stands cheering. He never missed a game. This young man was still the smallest of the class when he entered high school. But his father continued to encourage him.The young man loved football and was determined to try his best at every practice, and perhaps he‟d get to play when he became a senior. All through high school he never missed a practice nor a game but remained a benchwarmer. Besides, his faithful father was always in the stands, always with words of encouragement for him. When the young man went to college, he decided to try out for the football team as a “walk—on”. Everyone firmly believed that he could never make the cut, but he did.The news that he had survived the cut thrilled him so much that he rushed to the nearest phone and called his father. His father shared his excitement and was sent season tickets for all the college games. This persistent young athlete never missed practice during his four years at college, but actually he never got the real chance to play in a game.It was at the end of his senior football season that the coach met him with a telegram. The young man read the telegram and he became totally silent. Swallowing hard, he mumbled to the coach, “My father died this morning. Is it all right if I miss practice today?” The coach put his arm gently around his should and said, “Take the rest of the week off, son. And don‟t even plan to come back to the game on Satu rday.”Saturday arrived, and the game was not going well. In the third quarter, when the team was ten points behind, a silent young man quietly slipped into the empty locker room and put on his football gear. As he ran onto the sidelines (边线), the coach and his players were surprised to see their faithful teammate back so soon. “Coach, please let me play. I‟ve just got to play today,” said the young man.The coach pretended not to hear him. There was no way he wanted his worst player in this close play—off game. But the young man insisted, and finally feeling sorry for the kid, the coach gave in. “All right,” he said. “You can go in.‟‟ Before long, the coach, the players and everyone in the stands could not believe their eyes. This little unknown, who had never played before, was doing everything right. The opposing team could not stop him. He ran, passed, blocked, and tackled like a star. His team began to succeed. The score was soon tied. In the closing seconds of the game, this kid got a pass and ran all the way for the winning touchdown. Finally, after the stands had emptied, the coach noticed that this young man was sitting quietly in the corner all alone. The coach came to him and said, “Kid, you were unbelievably fantastic! Tell me what got into you? Ho w did you do it?”He looked at the coach, tears in his eyes, and said “Well, you knew my had died, but did youknow that my dad was blind?” The young man swallowed hard and forced a smile, “Dad came试卷第4页,共11页to all my games, but today was the first time he could see me play, and I wanted to show him I could make it!”5、What‟s the writer‟s attitude toward the young boy in this passage? A .Appreciative. B .Critical. C .Grateful. D .Negative.6、From the passage, we can infer that .A .the young man‟s coach played an important role in his growthB .the young man‟s father had a great positive influence on himC .not until his father passed away did the young man train hardD .the young man‟s road to success in football was always smooth 7、Why did the young man return to the match on Saturday?' A .He hoped his dead father could be proud of his performance. B .He thought he was much better than other players in his team. C .He wanted to defeat the opposing team in this significant game. D .He planned to make money to cure his father of his blindness. 8、What‟s the best title of the passage?A .A thrilling football matchB .Determined father and sonC .The power of dreamsD .The encouragement of a coachThe next time you eat a piece of chocolate, be sure to enjoy it, because according to two of the world‟s largest chocolate maker —Mars Inc and Barry Callebaut, the treat may soon be in short supply. The problem? We are consuming the candy at a faster pace than farmers can grow cocoa. The can manufacturers say that in 2013, people consumed 70,000 tons more cocoa than was produced. Experts say that this is the worst supply-demand imbalance they have experienced m more than 50 years.Parts of the reason for the condition is the large reduction in supply, caused by a continuous drought in the west African countries of Ivory Coast and Ghana, where more than 70 percent of the world‟s cocoa is produced. Additionally, a certain disease known as frosty pod has destroyed 30 to 40 percent of global cocoa production. As a result, many farmers have turned to more profitable and easier grown crops like corn. This means that even if conditions improve,cocoa production may never get back to normal.Meanwhile, the world is only getting hungrier for chocolate. The biggest increase in demand is from the residents of emerging market countries like India. Though their consumption is nowhere close to the amount European devour, their newly acquired amount for the treat, is making a huge dent (凹痕) in an already tight market.There is also the growing desire for dark chocolate, which contains more than 70 percent cocoa compared to normal chocolates. Experts believe that if consumption continue at this pace, cocoa deficits (差额) could swell to one million tons by 2020 and to an even more worrisome, two million tons, by 2030.Not surprisingly, cocoa prices have risen by 60% since 2012, a cost that manufacturers have offset by raising the prices of everyone‟s favorite candy. As the situation worsens, the price of chocolate can only rise—so be sure to enjoy piece of the sweet treat, like it is your last!9、The underlined phrase “supply—demand imbalance” probably means .A.People consume more chocolate than productionB.Farmers grow more cocoa than people‟s demandC.More and more people like eating chocolates nowD.Chocolates are becoming more and more expensive10、It is hard to raise cocoa production probably because .A.The weather is changeable in the west AfricaB.A certain disease spread around the worldC.Many farmers don‟t grow any longerD.It is impossible for conditions to be improved11、Where has the demand of chocolate been increasing greatly according to the passage? A.In Asia B.In AfricaC.In Europe D.In America12、According to the author‟s prediction, we can know that .A.Chocolate will become cheap sooner or laterB.The farmers will produce more cocoa in 2030C.The price of chocolate will be going up all the wayD.Dark chocolate will be more popular than common one试卷第6页,共11页Apple SeedsCirculation (发行量):1 Year, 9 Issues Cover Price: $44. 55 Price For You: $33. 95Product Description: Apple Seeds is an award-winning magazine filled with stories for kids aged from 7 to 9. The cover is very soft, providing durability (耐用性) that allows each issue to be enjoyed for many year to come. Besides, there is a big surprise for you --- it‟s being sold at a more favorable discount than usual. Better LifeCirculation: 1 Year, 12 Issues Cover Price: $44. 55 Price For You: $15. 00Product Description: Designed for those who have a strong interest in personal lifestyle, Better Life is America‟s complete home and family service magazine. It offers help with food, recipes, decorating, building, gardening, family health, money management, and education. Humor TimesCirculation: 1 Year, 12 Issues Cover Price: $36. 00 Price For You: $11. 95Product Description: Humor Times Magazine is for those who love to laugh! Full of cartoons and humor columns, it shows up in your mailbox once a month and keeps you smiling all year round! In today‟s world, you need a reason to laugh. So let‟s find it in Humor Times. News ChinaCirculation: 1 Year, 12 Issues Cover Price: $47. 88 Price For You: $19. 99Product Description: News China Marine is the English edition of China Newsweek. The magazine covers the latest Chinese domestic news in politics, business, society, environment, culture, sports and travels, etc. It is the first comprehensive news magazine for readers interested in China.13、What do we know about Apple Seeds?A .The soft cover enables it to be read and kept long.B .It can be purchased as an award for your children.C .It offers the biggest discount among all the magazines.D .The magazine is going to surprise for many years. 14、What kind of people may buy News China?A .People who have an interest in personal lifestyle of the Chinese.B .People who have a strong sense of humor and love to laugh.C .People who want to enlarge the knowledge of their kids.D .People who are interested in China‟s p olitics, business and culture. 15、Better Life can help you in . A .beautifying your house.B .finding interesting stories for your kidsC .ordering food from restaurants.D .learning about sports and travels.二、完形填空(题型注释)A woman in her sixties lived alone in her little cottage with a pear tree at her door. She spent all, her time taking care of the tree. But the children nearby drove her ______ by making fun of her. The would climb her tree and then run away with pears, ______ “Aunty Misery” at her. One evening, a passer-by asked to ______ for the night. Seeing that he had an ______ face, she let him in and gave him a nice ______. The next morning the stranger, actually a sorcerer (巫师), thanked her by granting (允准) her ______ that anyone who climbed up her tree ______ not be able to come back down until she ______ it.When the children came back to steal her ______, she had them stuck on the tree. They had to beg her long ______ she gave the tree permission to let ______ go. Aunty Misery was free from the ______ at last.One day another man ______ her door. This one not took trustworthy to her, ______ she asked who he was. “I am Death. I‟ve come to take you ______ me,” said he.Thinking fast Aunty Misery said, “Fine, but I‟d like to ______ some pears from my pear tree to remember the ______ it brought to me in this life. But I am too ______ to climb high to get the best fruit. Will you be so ______ as to do it for me?” With a deep sigh, Mr. Death climbed up试卷第8页,共11页the tree ______ and was immediately stuck to it. No matter how much he warned or begged, Aunty Misery, would not allow the tree to let Death go.16、A .hopeless B .painful C .dull D .crazy17、A .calling B .shouting C .announcing D .whispering 18、A .stay B .live C .hide D .lie19、A .interesting B .honest C .anxious D .angry 20、A .gift B .kiss C .treat D .smile21、A .suggestion B .advice C .permission D .wish 22、A .could B .should C .might D .must23、A .permitted B .promised C .answered D .declared 24、A .branch B .food C .tree D .fruit 25、A .after B .while C .since D .before 26、A .it B .them C .him D .her27、A .trick B .question C .trouble D .difficulty28、A .stepped into B .left for C .stopped at D .walked around 29、A .so B .but C .although D .because 30、A .with B .off C .upon D .for 31、A .choose B .pick C .shake D .hit32、A .honor B .pleasure C .hope D .excitement 33、A .light B .short C .old D .thin 34、A .light B .kind C .fine D .smart35、A .disappointedly B .cheerfully C .unwillingly D .eagerly第II卷(非选择题)三、短文改错(题型注释)36、文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多两处。