国家开放大学山东02089《英语国家概况(1)》形成性考核一作业资料

英语国家概况（1）-终结性考试复习题（带答案）说明：每学期的课程题号都可能更换，请认真核对是您需要的题号后再下载！【题号】【判断题】there was a general flowering of culture and intellectual life in europe during the 1 7th and 18th centuries which is known as “the renaissance.”对错[提示：仔细阅读以上题目，并完成作答]正确答案是“错”。

【题号】【判断题】william shakespeare is a great poet and much is known of his life．对错[提示：仔细阅读以上题目，并完成作答]正确答案是“错”。

【题号】【判断题】the 1944 education act made entry to secondary schools and universities“meritocratic”．对错[提示：仔细阅读以上题目，并完成作答]正确答案是“对”。

【题号】【判断题】public schools are part of the national education system and funded by the government．对错[提示：仔细阅读以上题目，并完成作答]正确答案是“错”。

【题号】【判断题】according to the text，the most important single factor which influences british policy- makers is its history.对错[提示：仔细阅读以上题目，并完成作答]正确答案是“对”。

【题号】。

保定广播电视大学开放教育形成性考核作业英语国家概况1姓名学号年级专业保定广播电视大学二O一一年十一月平时作业（1）Part I Fill in the blanks:1. The full name of the United Kingdom is the ____________ and ____________.2. The island of Great Britain is made up of England, ___________ and _________.3. The United Kingdom has been a member of the ____________ since 1973.4. The Anglo-Saxons began to settle in Britain in the ____________ century.5. The capital of Scotland is ____________, which is well-known for its natural ____________.6. The Home Rule Bill was finally passed in ____________, but the process was overtaken by ____________ and was suspended for the duration of the war.7. As Protestants were the majority of the province, they controlled the local ____________, and use that power to support their ____________ dominance in the area.8. The ____________ IRA believed that they had made enough progress so that they could concentrate on a political process, and run candidates for ____________.9. The Good Friday Agreement, known also as ____________, emerged on 10 April 1998.10. The doctrine of the “divine right of king” held that the sovereign derived his authority from ____________, not from ____________.11. During the civil war in the 17th century, those who represented the interests of Parliament are called____________, and those who supported the King were called ____________.12. In 1689, Parliament passed ____________ to ensure that the King would never be able to ignore Parliament.13. In the 18th century, King George I left the job of chairing cabinet meetings to one of his ministers who later came to be called ____________.14. In Britain, the official head of state is ____________ while the real centre of political life is in ____________.15. The British Constitution consists of statute law, ____________ and ____________.16. Strictly speaking, the Parliament today consists of the Queen, ________________ and ________________.17. Life peers should be nominated by ____________ and appointed by ____________.18. The UK is divided into ____________constituencies with each of them represented by a member in ____________.19. The party which wins the majority seats in parliament forms ____________ and its party leader becomes ____________.20. If a government loses a ____________ in the House of Commons, it has to resign.Part II Explain each of the following in your own words:21. The Anglo-Saxons22. Home Rule23. The functions of Parliament24. The House of Lords25. The formation of the British government26. Main sectors of the UK economy27. “The City”平时作业2 Part I Fill in the blanks:1. ____________ written by Geoffrey Chaucer is often studied by middle school and college students today.2. Shakespeare’s plays fall into three categories. They are ____________, ____________ and history plays.3. Name two of the tragedies written by Shakespeare: ______________ and ______________.4. Charlotte Bronte and Emily Bronte are noted for their respective novel ______________ and _____________ which are largely the love stories of a woman for a man.5. The author of Ivanhoe was _____________; Charles Dickens’s novel _____________ tells the story of an orphan child drawn into crime in the London underworld.6. 20th-century literature can be broadly divided into two stylistic periods: ______________ and ______________.7. The two oldest universities in Britain are ______________ and ______________.8. Comprehensive schools provide a general education, teaching students everything from ____________ subjects like literature and science to more ____________.subjects like cooking and carpentry.9. In Britain, people can go to the ______________ without having any formal educational qualifications.10. When the Second World War was over, Britain was active in setting up the United Nations and became one of the _____________ permanent members of _______________.11. Britain’s special relationship with ______________ is another major factor which influences the British foreign policy.12. The general direction of Britain’s foreign policy is decided by _____________ and ____________.13. The main government department also involved in making Britain’s foreign policy is ______________.14. There are ____________ members of the Commonwealth including developing countries as well as ____________ industrial countries.15. Britain ha s one of the world’s oldest established newspaper industries. The Times, which began publishing in 1785, is Britain’s oldest ____________ newspaper.16. ____________ is regarded as the most left-wing newspaper in Britain.17. The other category of newspape rs is ____________ which are often called “gutter press”.18. The BBC stands for _______________________________.19. The BBC has two ____________. BBC 1 entertains people with sports, drama, current affairs, etc. BBC 2 provides special interest audience with documentaries and shows.20. The media have many ____________. They provide people with information about political and social problems. They carry advertising and also play an important role in forming a national ____________.Part II Explain each of the following in your own words:21. The Canterbury Tales22. The King James Bible23. The Bronte sisters24. The Open University25. Britain and EU26. The Commonwealth27. Tabloid平时作业3 Part I Fill in the blanks:（8分）1. The FA Cup stands for _____________________.2. Phrases like “on a sticky wicket” and “playing with a straight bat” are associated with the sport of _________________.3. Traditionally, people gave Christmas gifts or money to their staff or servants on ____________, which is the day after the Christmas.4. On March 17 each year, northern Irish Catholics celebrate the birthday of ____________, who is said to have brought Christianity to Ireland.5. Overseas Chinese community in Britain often celebrates Chinese New Year with ____________ dances and fireworks.6. “The Six Countries” are referred to as _______________.7. Ireland has a ____________ climate, in other words, it does not change much from one season to another.8. The economy of Ireland has been booming in recent years and thus it has become the “____________ tiger”.9. Apart from birth and wealth, ____________ was one important marker of status in Irish tradition.10. Ireland is on the _____________ of Europe.11. The prime minister is ____________ by the President on the ____________ of the Parliament.12. The ____________ is responsible for the daily operation of the government.13. There are ____________ Government Departments, each presided by a Minister.14. ____________ refers to the way the people live: the patterns and normal expectations of their lives as lived within a certain place.15. In common with British society, the Irish recognize the __________ as a place to gather to meet friends and neighbors on an informal basis.16. Today the Irish educational system is among the ____________ and best in Europe.17. Currently there are __________ universities in the Republic of Ireland.18. The language that is spoken universally in the Republic of Ireland is a version of standard English known as ____________.19. In modern times alone, the Republic of Ireland has been the home of __________ winner of the ____________ for Literature.20. Ireland is a ______________ society, which regards the family as central to its values.Part II Explain each of the following in your own words:（7分）21. The Times22. The BBC23. Wimbledon24. The Celts25. The Irish Parliament26. The Power of the Catholic Church27. The Civil Service平时作业4Part I Fill in the blanks:1. In terms of its size, Australia is the largest ____________ and the smallest ____________ in the world.2. _____________ is Australia’s largest island.3. ____________ and _____________________________ are animals that are unique to the continent of Australia.4. The two most striking geological features of the Australian continent are ____________ and ____________.5. _____________ refers to belief system of the indigenous people of Australia.6. Catholics, ______________ and ____________ combined to establish unionism in Australia in the late 19th century.7. The political party that was created to represent the working class was ___________________.8. In proportional terms, ____________ is the fastest growing religion in Australia.9. In the 19th century, many Hindus came to Australia and worked as ____________ in remote communities.10. The two houses of the federal parliament are _________________ and ______________.11. The Governor-General is the representative of _________________.12. ______________ and ____________ are at the center of the Australian parliamentary power.13. Traditionally speaking, ____________ is concerned with making the policy and the ______________ with the execution of the policy.14. Each of the government department is administered jointly by __________ and ___________.15. The Head of Department has advantage over the minister in terms of ____________ and ____________.16. The gold rushes attracted large numbers of ______________ from Germany and China.17. Under the White Australia policy, immigrants to Australia had to take a test in ____________, the failure of which would be given the status of _______________.18. ____________, which was formed by Pauline Hanson in 1997, believed Multiculturalism wasa divisive policy to the Australian society.19. Australia’s population now is just around ______________.20. _______________ was organized by an aboriginal university graduate to go to the outback of Australia to raise people’s consciousness about the level of racism.Part II Explain each of the following in your own words:21. The Great Dividing Range22. The Dreaming23. Protestantism24. Francis Greenway25. The Governor-General26. The relationship between Ministers and Heads of Department27. The White Australia Policy。

英语国家概况（1）课程形成性考核题英语国家概况（1）课程第1次形成性考核答案与讲评（Unit 01-05）The United Kingdom (I)I. T rue or False:Unit 1 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom I(T) 01. Britain is no longer an imperial country. (Unit 1)(T) 02. The stereotype of the English gentleman never applied the majority of the British people.(Unit 1)(T) 03. When people outside the UK talk about England, they mistake it as Britain sometimes.(Unit 1)(F) 04. Scotland was once conquered by the Romans. (Unit 1)Scotland was never conquered by the Romans. (T)(F) 05. Cardiff, the capital of Scotland, is a large city. (Unit 1)Cardiff, the capital of Wales, is a large city. (T)(F) 06. The title of Prince of Wales is held by a Welsh to tradition. (Unit 1)The title of Prince of Wales is held by the King’s or Queen’s eldest son. (T)Unit 2 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom II(T) 07. “Ulster”, referring to Northern Island, was once an ancient Irish Kingdom. (Unit 2)(F) 08. The Majority of Irish people were descendants of the original Celtic people who inhabitedBritish Isles before the English arrived 2000 years ago. (Unit 2)The Majority of Irish people were descendants of the original Celtic people who inhabited British Isles before the Romans arrived 2000 years ago. (T)(F) 09. Most British people are Catholics while most Irish people are Protestants. (Unit 2)Most British people are Protestants while most Irish people are Catholics. (T)(F) 10. Sinn Fein is an illegal political party in Northern Ireland now. (Unit 2)Sinn Fein is a legal political party in Northern Ireland now. (T)(T) 11. The Anglo-Irish Agreement of 1985 guaranteed the loyalist Protestant community their right to decide their future in Northern Island. (Unit 2)(T) 12. The Good Friday Agreement was approved on 10 April 1988. (Unit 2)Unit 3 The Government of the United Kingdom(F) 13. In Britain, the process of state-building has been a revolution rather than an evolution, incontrast to that of France. (Unit 3)In Britain, the process of state-building has been an evolution rather than a revolution, in contrast to that of France. (T)(T) 14. The oldest institution of government in Britain is the Monarchy. (Unit 3)(F) 15. James I was executed in the civil war of Britain. (Unit 3)Charles I was executed in the civil war of Britain. (T)(T) 16. Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. (Unit 3)(F) 17. Members of Parliament elect the Prime Minister and the Prime Minister appoints theCabinet. (Unit 3)Members of Parliament elect the Prime Minister and the Cabinet. (T)(T) 18. Common laws are laws which have been established through common practice in the courts. (Unit 3)Unit 4 Politics, Class and Race(T) 19. In the UK, a government cannot stand for longer than five years except in exceptional circumstances. (Unit 4)(T) 20. Anyone who is eligible to vote with 500 pounds as deposit can stand as an MP. (Unit 4) (F) 21. The amount of spent in national campaign is not limited as well as that on TV. (Unit 4)The amount of spent in national campaign is not limited other than that on TV. (T)(T) 22. Children from upper-middle class usually have a better education than those from the working class or middle class. (Unit 4)(F) 23. The majority of middle-class people today have upper-class parents or grandparents. (Unit4)The majority of middle-class people today have working-class parents or grandparents. (T) (F) 24. Most immigrants earn a living by opening restaurants or becoming writers or musicians.(Unit 4)Some immigrants earn a living by opening restaurants or becoming writers or musicians.(T)Unit 5 The UK Economy(T) 25. By the 1880s, the British economy was dominant in the world. (Unit 5)(F) 26. Both the U.S. and Canada overtook Britain in economy by 1900. (Unit 5)Only the U.S. overtook Britain in economy by 1900. (T)(T) 27. Another reason for British decline is the loss of its colonies, especially India, which gained its independence in 1947. (Unit 5)(T) 28. In the 1970s, with the soaring price of oil and high rate of inflation, Britain went through a bad period. (Unit 5)(F) 29. The secondary industry produces approximately two-thirds of the national wealth. (Unit 5)The tertiary industry produces approximately two-thirds of the national wealth. (T)(T) 30. The service industry in the UK employs 70% of the total work force. (Unit 5)II. Choose the best answer:Unit 1 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom I01. Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of London? (Unit 1) Key DA. The cultural centre.B. The business centre.C. The financial centre.D. The football centre.02. Which of the following is NOT true about the characteristic of Britain? (Unit 1) Key BA. Economic differences between north and south.B. Difference of social systems between Scotland and Wales.C. Class differences between a white-collar worker and a blue-collar worker.D. Cultural differences between immigrants and the British.03. Which of the following can NOT be found in London? (Unit 1) Key AA. Teahouses.B. Art galleries.C. Museums.D. Theatres.04. Which is the largest city in Scotland? (Unit 1) Key CA. Cardiff.B. Edinburgh.C. Glasgow.D. Manchester.05. Which of the following statements is NOT true? (Unit 1) Key BA. Wales was invaded by the Romans.B. Wales was occupied by the Anglo-Saxons.C. Wales was conquered by the Normans.D. Wales was threatened by the English.06. When did Scotland join the Union by agreement of the English and Scottish parliament?(Unit 1) Key BA. In 1688.B. In 1707.C. In 1715.D. In 1745.Unit 2 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom II07. In the 17th century, the English government encouraged people from Scotland and NorthernEngland to emigrate to the north of Ireland because ______. (Unit 2) Key AA. they wanted to increase its control over IrelandB. they had too many people and didn’t have enough space for them to live in BritainC. they intended to expand their investmentD. they believed that Ireland was the best place for them08. Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world for______. (Unit 2) Key DA. its most famous landmark, the “Giant’s Causeway”B. its rich cultural lifeC. its low living standardD. its endless political problems09. Faced with conflicting demands, the British government chose a compromise and organised apartition of Ireland in 1921 because ______. (Unit 2) Key BA. the British government wouldn’t be able to control Ireland any longer by forceB. the British government intended to satisfy both sides—Catholics and ProtestantsC. Catholics in Ireland demanded a partition of IrelandD. Protestants welcomed the idea of partition10. Why did the British government decide to replace the power-sharing policy with “direct-rule”from London? (Unit 2) Key DA. The power-sharing policy was not accepted by the majority of Protestants.B. The Northern Irish Parliament could not govern the power effectively.C. The Power-sharing policy couldn’t be carried out.D. All the above.11. Which of the following agreements is accepted by both Catholics and Protestants in NorthernIreland? (Unit 2) Key CA. The Anglo-Irish AgreementB. The Belfast AgreementC. The Good Friday AgreementD. The Multi-Party Agreement12. According to the Good Friday Agreement, Northern Ireland today should be governed by thefollowing jurisdictions except ______. (Unit 2) Key BA. the jurisdiction of the Republic of IrelandB. the jurisdiction of loyalist ministersC. the jurisdiction of Great BritainD. the jurisdiction of Northern IrelandUnit 3 The Government of the United Kingdom13. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of British government? (Unit 3) Key AA. It offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.B. It is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.C. It is the oldest representative democracy in the world.D. It has no written form of Constitution.14. What happened in 1215? (Unit 3) Key BA. It was the year of Norman Conquest in British history.B. Forced by barons, King John signed the Magna Carta.C. Henry IV granted the Commons the power to review money grants.D. King Egbert united England under his rule.15. Under whose reign was the Bill of Rights passed? (Unit 3) Key BA. James II.B. William of Orange.C. Oliver Cromwell.D. George I.16. Which of the following in NOT related to the Constitution? (Unit 3) Key AA. It is a written document which lists out the basic principles for government.B. It is the foundation of British government today.C. Conventions and laws passed by Parliament are part of the Constitution.D. The common laws are part of the constitution.17. Which of the following is NOT a true description of the Queen’s role? (Unit 3) Key AA. The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.B. The Queen symbolises the tradition and unity of the United Kingdom.C. The Queen acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister.D. The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England.18. Which of the following is NOT a feature of the House of Lords? (Unit 3) Key CA. Lords do not receive salaries and many do not attend Parliament sittings.B. It consists of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.C. The lords are expected to represent the interests of the public.D. Most of the lords in the House of Lords are males.Unit 4 Politics, Class and Race19. Which group of people cannot vote in the General Election? (Unit 4) Key BA. Members in the House of Commons.B. Lords in the House of Lords.C. The UK citizens above the age of 18.D. The UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic.20. By whom is a “vote of no confidence” decided? (Unit 4) Key AA. The House of Commons.B. The House of Lords.C. The two major parties.D. The Prime Minister.21. Which of the following is NOT true about the electoral campaign? (Unit 4) Key AA. Big parties can buy time to broadcast their policies on the television.B. There is a limit on the amount of money candidates can spend in their campaign.C. Candidates and their supporters go door-to-door persuading voters to vote for them.D. Candidates criticise each other’s policies to show how good their policies are.22. How many seats in the House of Commons should a party hold at least in order to win theelection? (Unit 4) Key AA. 326B. 351C. 626D. 65023. Which of the following statements is NOT true about class system in the UK? (Unit 4)Key BA. People of different classes tend to read different kinds of newspapers.B. Class division is only decided by people’s income.C. Though social advancement is possible, class affects a person’s life chances.D. The way people speak may identify them as belonging to a particular class.24. Which of the following is NOT an effect of immigration on British society? (Unit 4)Key BA. There is now a varied cuisine for people to choose from.B. Class tension has increased.C. New forms of popular music have emerged.D. Different religious beliefs have been practices actively.Unit 5 The UK Economy25. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the UK economy? (Unit 5) Key CA. Britain remained one of the Group of Seven large industrial economies.B. Britain has experienced a relative economic decline since 1945.C. There has been a period of steady decreasing of living standards.D. Some smaller economies have overtaken the UK in terms of output per capita.26. Which of the following livestock has the biggest number in the UK? (Unit 5) Key DA. Beef cattle.B. Dairy cattle.C. Chicken.D. Sheep.27. Where is the best agricultural land in Britain? (Unit 5) Key AA. In the southeast of England.B. In the northeast of England.C. In the southeast of Scotland.D. In the northeast of Scotland.28. In the aerospace industry, which two countries are ahead of Britain? (Unit 5) Key BA. The U.S. and Germany.B. The U.S. and Russia.C. Germany and Russia.D. France and Germany.29. Which civil airline was started in 1924 after the First World War? (Unit 5) Key AA. Imperial Airways.B. British Airways.C. Hawker-Siddeley Corporation.D. The British Aircraft Corporation.30. Which of the following two companies merged into British Aerospace? (Unit 5) Key AA. The British Aircraft Corporation and Hawker-Siddeley A viationB. The British Aircraft Corporation and Rolls Royce.C. Hawker-Siddeley A viation and GEC A vionics.D. Hawker-Siddeley A viation and Rolls Royce.III. E xplain the following terms:Unit 1 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom I01. Anglo-Saxons (Unit 1)They were two groups of Germanic people who settled down in England from the 5th century. They were regarded as the ancestors of the English and the founders of England.02. King Harold (Unit 1)He was the Saxon King whose army was defeated in the Battle of Hastings in 1066, when William the Conqueror invaded England from France.Unit 2 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom II03. The Provisional IRA (Unit 2)In 1919, a group calling itself the IRA (Irish Republic Army) expanded fighting for the Irishfreedom and independence. The Provisional IRA is the radical faction of the IRA. They prefer the use of force and believe that armed force is the only way to get the British out and to have a unified Ireland.04. The Good Friday Agreement (Unit 2)As a result of multi-party negotiation, the Good Friday Agreement was approved on 10 April, 1998. This agreement assures the loyalist community that Northern Ireland remains part of the United Kingdom and it won’t change its political status unless the majority of the people of Northern Ireland agree. Under the terms of agreement, Northern Ireland should be governed by three separate jurisdictions: that of the Republic of Ireland, that of Great Britain and that of its own elected executive government of ten ministers.Unit 3 The Government of the United Kingdom05. The Bill of Rights of 1689 (Unit 3)In 1688, King James II’s daughter Mary and her husband William were invited by the politicians and church authorities to take the throne, on condition that they would respect the rights of Parliament. The Bill of Rights was passed in 1689 to ensure that the King would never be able to ignore Parliament.06. The functions of Parliament (Unit 3)The functions of Parliament are: to pass laws, to vote for taxation, to scrutinise government policy, administration and expenditure and to debate the major issues of the day.07. The House of Lords (Unit 3)The house of Lords consists of the Lords Spiritual, who are the Archbishops and most prominent bishops of the Church of England, and the Lords Temporal, which refers to those lords who either have inherited the seat from their forefathers or they have been appointed. The lords mainly represent themselves instead of the interests of the public.08. The House of Commons (Unit 3)The House of Commons is the real centre of British political life because it is the place where about 650 elected representatives (Members of Parliament) make and debate policy. These MPs are elected in the General Election and should represent the interest of the people who vote for them.Unit 4 Politics, Class and Race09. The importance of general elections (Unit 4)General elections are very important in western democracy. According to Unit 4, they provide opportunities for people to influence future government policies and to replace those incompetent political leaders.10. The formation of the British government (Unit 4)Before a general election, the political parties would start their electoral campaign in order to make their ideologies and policies known to the public. The campaign involves advertisements in newspapers, door-to-door campaigning, postal deliveries of leaflets and “party electoral broadcasts” on the television. The parties also try to attack and criticise the opponents’ policies. Therefore, these campaigns sometimes can be quite aggressive and critical.Unit 5 The UK Economy (Unit 5)11. Privatisation in 1980s (Unit 5)The British economy went through a particular bad period in the 1970s, with high rate of inflation and devaluation of the Pound. Therefore, in the 1980s, when the Conservative party under Margret Thatcher was in power, an extensive programme of privatisation was carried out. Many state-owned businesses (such as steel, telecom, gas, and aerospace) were turned into private companies. Privatisation was successful in controlling inflation but at the same time unemployment rate increased rapidly.12. Main sectors of the UK economy (Unit 5)The UK national economy can be divided into three main areas: primary industries, such as agriculture, fishing and mining; secondary industries which manufacture complex goods from those primary products; tertiary (or service) industries such as banking, insurance, tourism and the retailing.。

《英语国家概况（I）》作业1______ was first adopted in Australia?.选项A:The three-tier government system选项B:Secret Ballots选项C:The two-chamber parliament选项D:The public services正确选项 :BNew Zealanders have adopted their name from the kiwi, _______.选项A:which is a native flightless bird选项B:which was the only mammal in New Zealand选项C:which was introduced to New Zealand about 1000 years ago选项D:which is an introduced flightless bird正确选项 :AWhich of the following factors does not contribute to New Zealand＇s environmental achievement?选项A:Favourable geographic features选项B:Low population选项C:A late development of industry选项D:The ozone hole over Antarctica正确选项 :DIn Britain, the highest judicial appointments are made by the Queen on the advice of（）.选项A:the Lord Chancellor选项B:the Prime Minister选项C:the Speaker选项D:the Attorney General正确选项 :BIn Australia___has the country’s richest farmland and best grazing land.选项A:the Great Western Plateau选项B:the Eastern Highlands选项C:the Central Eastern Lowlands选项D:the Outback正确选项 :CThe European settlement ________ Aboriginal culture and society.选项A:devastated选项B:promoted the development of选项C:had no effect on选项D:brought prosperity to正确选项 :AWhich statement is NOT true about Ireland ?选项A:Ireland is divided into two political units选项B:Northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom选项C:The Republic of Ireland is an independent country选项D:Ireland is called the Emerald Isle because of its rich deposit of emeralds正确选项 :DNew Zealand consists of two main islands:（）.选项A:North Island and South island选项B:Steward Island and Long Island选项C:West Island and East Island选项D:Victorian island and Tasman Island正确选项 :AIn Britain, a parliament has a maximum duration of years.选项A:3选项B:4选项C:5选项D:6正确选项 :CConvict transportation to the mainland of Australia ended in__________.选项A:1840选项B:1855选项C:1851选项D:1901正确选项 :AWhistle-blowers are often experts in both senior and lower levels of bureaucracies who, discovering that their branch of the organization is in some way corrupt and inefficient, try to expose this problem.选项A:错误选项B:正确正确选项 :BThe continent of Australia is the largest, fattest and driest continent in the world.选项A:错误选项B:正确。