北京外国语大学2014年硕士研究生入学考试试题招生专业：英语同声传译科目名称：英汉互译（考试时间3小时，满分150分，全部写在答题纸上，答在试题页上无效）一、将下列段落译为汉语（25分）In the pre-modern era, political, economic, and social life was governed by a dense web of interlocking relationships inherited from the past and sanctified by religion. Limited personal freedom and material benefits existed alongside a mostly unquestioned social solidarity. Traditional local orders began to erode with the rise of capitalism in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, as the increasing prevalence and dominance of market relationships broke down existing hierarchies. The shift produced economic and social dynamism, an increase in material benefits and personal freedoms, and a decrease in communal feeling. As this process continued, the first modern political ideology, classical liberalism, emerged to celebrate and justify it.Liberalism stressed the importance of the rule of law, limited government, and free commercial transactions. It highlighted the manifold rewards of moving to a world dominated by markets rather than traditional communities, a shift the economic historian Karl Polanyi would call “the great transformation.” But along with the gains came losses as well—of a sense of place, of social and psychological stability, of traditional bulwarks against life’s vicissitudes.Left to itself, capitalism produced long-term aggregate benefits along with great volatility and inequality. This combination resulted inwhat Polanyi called a “double movement,” a progressive expansion of both market society and reactions against it. (211）二、将下列短文译为汉语（50分）The European Union was established with a legal treaty and is founded on the principle of the rule of law. This concept centers on a set of rules governing all society's processes and interactions and being above all society's institutions and organizations. The rules or laws set the moral and ethical standards by which the behaviour of members of society and organizations are judged. For the rule of law and thereby civil society to flourish, it requires the citizens of a country to respect and trust legal processes, and the law to be applied in a consistent way to all. This gives people a feeling of inclusiveness and optimism about their future. The European Union's Governance for Equitable Development (GED) project, implemented by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) from 2007 to 2012, has assisted China to benefit from knowledge of Europe’s developed legal system and civil society through technical exchange, research and knowledge sharing.As people’s incomes grow and materi al living standards rise, their expectations about the quality of life, participation in civil society, protection of property and individual rights increase. Meeting these expectations for a better life in a rapidly urbanizing society with a still significant rural population is one of the key challenges facing China today. This is where the GED project has supported China in moving to a more equitable, inclusive and vibrant civil society, based on the rule of law.The project has worked with three key Chinese agencies, the National Peoples’ Congress, the Supreme People’s Court and the Ministry of Civil Affairs on topics ranging from law drafting and court efficiency to registration of civil society organizations. The project has produced remarkable results over five years, leading to an improved environment for civil society to flourish in China, increased citizen participation in law making, reduced barriers to seeking justice, increased transparency and efficiency of selected courts and progress in the consistency of court decisions. (321)三、将下列段落译为英语（25分）当今世界，和平、发展、合作是时代潮流更加强劲，但同时人类社会也面临着前所未有的挑战。
2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have __1___ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually ___2___. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. ___3___ among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an ___4___ of good health.Of even greater ___5___ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined ___6___ body mass index, or BMI. BMI ___7__ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, ___8___,can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese.While such numerical standards seem ___9___, they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, ___10___ others with a low BMI may be in poor___11___.For example, many collegiate and professional football players ___12___ as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a ___13___ BMI.Today we have a(an) ___14___ to label obesity as a disgrace. The overweight are sometimes___15___ in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes ___16___ with obesity include laziness, lack of will power, and lower prospects for success. Teachers, employers, and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese. ___17___ very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.Negative attitudes toward obesity, ___18___ in health concerns, have stimulated a number of anti-obesity ___19___. My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities.Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives. Michelle Obama has launched a high-visibility campaign__20___ childhood obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.1. [A] denied [B] conduced [C] doubled [D] ensured2. [A] protective [B] dangerous [C] sufficient [D]troublesome3. [A] Instead [B] However [C] Likewise [D] Therefore4. [A] indicator [B] objective [C] origin [D] example5. [A] impact [B] relevance [C] assistance [D] concern6. [A] in terms of [B] in case of [C] in favor of [D] in of7. [A] measures [B] determines [C] equals [D] modifies8. [A] in essence [B] in contrast [C] in turn [D] in part9. [A] complicated [B] conservative [C] variable [D] straightforward10. [A] so [B] while [C] since [D] unless11. [A] shape [B] spirit [C] balance [D] taste12. [A] start [B] quality [C] retire [D] stay13. [A] strange [B] changeable [C] normal [D] constant14. [A] option [B] reason [C] opportunity [D] tendency15. [A] employed [B] pictured [C] imitated [D] monitored16. [A] compared [B] combined [C] settled [D] associated17. [A] Even [B] Still [C] Yet [D] Only18. [A] despised [B] corrected [C] ignored [D] grounded19. [A] discussions [B] businesses [C] policies [D] studies20. [A] for [B] against [C] with [D] withoutSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1What would you do with 590m? This is now a question for Gloria Mackenzie, an 84-year-old widow who recently emerged from her small, tin-roofed house in Florida to collect the biggest undivided lottery jackpot in history. If she hopes her new-found for tune will yield lasting feelings of fulfillment, she could do worse than read Happy Money by Elizabeth Dumn and Michael Norton.These two academics use an array of behavioral research to show that the most rewarding ways to spend money can be counterintuitive. Fantasies of great wealth often involve visions of fancy cars and extravagant homes. Yet satisfaction with these material purchases wears off fairly quickly what was once exciting and new becomes old-hat; regret creeps in. It is far better to spend money on experiences, say Ms Dumn and Mr Norton, like interesting trips, unique mealsor even going to the cinema. These purchases often become more valuable with time-as stories or memories-particularly if they involve feeling more connected to others.This slim volume is packed with tips to help wage slaves as well as lottery winners get the most "happiness bang for your buck." It seems most people would be better off if they could shorten their commutes to work, spend more time with friends and family and less of it watching television (something the average American spends a whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for it).Buying gifts or giving to charity is often more pleasurable than purchasing things for oneself, and luxuries are most enjoyable when they are consumed sparingly. This is apparently the reason MacDonald's restricts the availability of its popular McRib - a marketing trick that has turned the pork sandwich into an object of obsession.Readers of “Happy Money”are clearly a privileged lot, anxious about fulfillment, not hunger. Money may not quite buy happiness, but people in wealthier countries are generally happier than those in poor ones. Yet the link between feeling good and spending money on others can be seen among rich and poor people around the world, and scarcity enhances the pleasure of most things for most people. Not everyone will a gree with the authors’ policy ideas, which range from mandating more holiday time to reducing tax incentives for American homebuyers. But most people will come away from this book believing it was money well spent.21. According to Dumn and Norton, which of the following is the most rewarding purchase?[A]A big house [B]A special tour [C]A stylish car [D]A rich meal22. The author’s attitude toward Americans’ watching TV is________.[A]critical [B]supportive [C]sympathetic [D]ambiguous23. Macrib is mentioned in paragraph 3 to show that_______.[A]consumers are sometimes irrational[B]popularity usually comes after quality[C]marketing tricks are after effective[D]rarity generally increases pleasure24. According to the last paragraph, Happy Money_______.[A]has left much room for readers’criticism[B]may prove to be a worthwhile purchase[C]has predicted a wider income gap in the us[D]may give its readers a sense of achievement25. This text mainly discusses how to______.[A]balance feeling good and spending money[B]spend large sums of money won in lotteries[C]obtain lasting satisfaction from money spent[D]become more reasonable in spending on luxuriesText 2An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empirical research says that, actually, you think you’re more beautiful than you are. We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing strategies to research into what the call the “above average effect”, or “illusory superiority”, and shown that, for example, 70% of us rate ourselves as above average in leadership, 93% in driving and 85% at getting on well with others—all obviously statistical impossibilities.We rose tint our memories and put ourselves into self-affirming situations. We become defensive when criticized, and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own esteem, we stalk around thinking we’re hot stuff.Psychologist and behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley oversaw a key studying intoself-enhancement and attractiveness. Rather that have people simply rate their beauty compress with others, he asked them to identify an original photogragh of themselves’from a lineup including versions that had been altered to appear more and less attractive. Visual recognition, reads the study, is “an automatic psychological process occurring rapidly and intuitively with little or no apparent conscious deliberation”. If the subjects quickly chose a falsely flattering image- which must did- they genuinely believed it was really how they looked. Epley found no significant gender difference in responses. Nor was there any evidence that, those who self-enhance the must (that is, the participants who thought the most positively doctored picture were real) were doing so to make up for profound insecurities. In fact those who thought that the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real directly corresponded with those who showed other makers for having higher self-esteem. “I don’t think the findings that we having have are any evidence of personal delusion”, says Epley. “It’s a reflection simply of people generally thinking well of themselves’. If you are depressed, you won’t be self-enhancing. Knowing the results of Epley ‘s study,it makes sense that why people heat photographs of themselves Viscerally-on one level, they don’t even recognize the person in the picture as themselves, Face book therefore ,is aself-enhancer’s paradise, where people can share only the most flattering p hotos, the cream of their wit ,style ,beauty, intellect and lifestyle it’s not that people’s profiles are dishonest, saysCatalina toma of Wiscon—Madison university ,”but they portray an idealized version of themselves.26. According to the first paragraph, social psychologist have found that ______.[A] our self-ratings are unrealistically high[B] illusory superiority is baseless effect[C] our need for leadership is unnatural[D] self-enhancing strategies are ineffective27. Visual recognition is believed to be people’s______.[A] rapid watching[B] conscious choice[C] intuitive response[D] automatic self-defence28. Epley found that people with higher self-esteem tended to______.[A] underestimate their insecurities[B] believe in their attractiveness[C] cover up their depressions[D] oversimplify their illusions29. The word “Viscerally”(Line 2,para.5) is closest in meaning to_____.[A]instinctively[B]occasionally[C]particularly[D]aggressively30. It can be inferred that Facebook is self-enhancer’s paradise because people can _____.[A]present their dishonest profiles[B]define their traditional life styles[C]share their intellectual pursuits[D]withhold their unflattering sidesText 3（暂缺）Text 4When the government talks about infrastructure contributing to the economy the focus is usually on roads, railways, broadband and energy. Housing is seldom mentioned.Why is that? To some extent the housing sector must shoulder the blame. We have not been good at communicating the real value that housing can contribute to economic growth. Then there is the scale of the typical housing project. It is hard to shove for attention among multibillion-pound infrastructure project, so it is inevitable that the attention is focused elsewhere. But perhaps the most significant reason is that the issue has always been so politically charged.Nevertheless, the affordable housing situation is desperate. Waiting lists increase all the time and we are simply not building enough new homes.The comprehensive spending review offers an opportunity for the government to help rectify this. It needs to put historical prejudices to one side and take some steps to address our urgent housing need.There are some indications that it is preparing to do just that. The communities minister, Don Foster, has hinted that George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, may introduce moreflexibility to the current cap on the amount that local authorities can borrow against their housing stock debt. Evidence shows that 60,000 extra new homes could be built over the next five years if the cap were lifted, increasing GDP by 0.6%.Ministers should also look at creating greater certainty in the rental environment, which would have a significant impact on the ability of registered providers to fund new developments from revenues.But it is not just down to the government. While these measures would be welcome in the short term, we must face up to the fact that the existing £4.5bn programme of grants to fund new affordable housing, set to expire in 2015,is unlikely to be extended beyond then. The Labour party has recently announced that it will retain a large part of the coalition’s spending plans if returns to power. The housing sector needs to accept that we are very unlikely to ever return to era of large-scale public grants. We need to adjust to this changing climate.36. The author believes that the housing sector__[A] has attracted much attention[B] involves certain political factors[C] shoulders too much responsibility[D] has lost its real value in economy37. It can be learned that affordable housing has__[A] increased its home supply[B] offered spending opportunities[C] suffered government biases[D] disappointed the government38. According to Paragraph 5,George Osborne may_______.[A] allow greater government debt for housing[B] stop local authorities from building homes[C] prepare to reduce housing stock debt[D] release a lifted GDP growth forecast39. It can be inferred that a stable rental environment would_______.[A]lower the costs of registered providers[B]lessen the impact of government interference[C]contribute to funding new developments[D]relieve the ministers of responsibilities40. The author believes that after 2015,the government may______.[A]implement more policies to support housing[B]review the need for large-scale public grants[C]renew the affordable housing grants programme[D]stop generous funding to the housing sectorPartBDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by finding information from the left column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEERT 1.(10 points)Uncommon Ground – Land Art in BritainThe term Land Art brings to mind epic interventions in the land such as Robert Smithson’s Spiral Jetty, 6,500 tons of basalt, earth and salt projecting into Utah’s Great Sal t Lake, or Roden Crater, an extinct volcano in Arizona, which James Turrell has been transforming into an immense naked-eye observatory since 1979.Richard Long’s A Line Made By Walking, however, involved nothing more strenuous than a 20-minute train ride from Waterloo. Having got off somewhere in suburbia, the artist walked backwards and forwards over a piece of grass until the squashed turf formed a line – a kind of drawing on the land.Emerging in the late Sixties and reaching a peak in the Seventies, Land Art was one of a range of new forms, including Body Art, Performance Art, Action Art and Installation Art, which pushed art beyond the traditional confines of the studio and gallery. Rather than portraying landscape, land artists used the physical substance of the land itself as their medium.The message of this survey of British land art – the most comprehensive to date – is that the British variant, typified by Long’s piece, was not only more domestically scaled, but a lot quirkier than its American counterpart. Indeed, while you might assume that an exhibition of Land Art would consist only of records of works rather than the works themselves, Long’s photograph of his work is the work. Since his “action” is in the past the photograph is its sole embo diment.That might seem rather an obscure point, but it sets the tone for an exhibition that contains a lot of black-and-white photographs and relatively few natural objects.Long is Britain’s best-known Land Artist and his Stone Circle, a perfect ring of purplish rocks from Portishead beach laid out on the gallery floor, represents the elegant, rarefied side of the form. The Boyle Family, on the other hand, stand for its dirty, urban aspect. Comprising artists Mark Boyle and Joan Hills and their children, they recreated random sections of the British landscape on gallery walls. Their Olaf Street Study, a square of brick-strewn waste ground, is one of the few works here to embrace the mundanity that characterises most of our experience of the landscape most of the time.Parks feature, particularly in the earlier works, such as John Hilliard’s very funny Across the Park, in which a long-haired stroller is variously smiled at by a pretty girl and unwittingly assaulted in a sequence of images that turn out to be different parts of the same photograph.Generally however British land artists preferred to get away from towns, gravitating towards landscapes that are traditionally considered beautiful such as the Lake District or the Wiltshire Downs. While it probably wasn’t apparent at the time, much of this work is permeated by a spirit of romantic escapism that the likes of Wordsworth would have readily understood. Derek Jarman’s yellow-tinted film Towards Avebury, a collection of long, mostly still shots of the Wiltshire landscape, evokes a tradition of English landscape painting stretching from Samuel Palmer to Paul Nash.In the case of Hamish Fulton, you can’t help feeling that the Scottish artist has simply found a way of making his love of walking pay. A typical work, such as Seven Days, consists of a single beautiful black-and-white photograph taken on an epic walk, with the mileage and number of days taken listed beneath. British Land Art as shown in this well selected, but relatively modestly scaled exhibition wasn’t about imposing on the landscape, more a kind of landscape-orientated light conceptual art created passing through. It had its origins in the great outdoors, but the results were as gallery-bound as the paintings of Turner and Constable.46. Directions:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)Most people would define optimism as endlessly happy, with a glass that’s perpetually half fall. But that’s exactly the kind of false deerfulness that positive psychologists wouldn’t recommend. “Healthy optimists means being in touch with reality.”says Tal Ben-Shahar, a Harvard professor, According to Ben- Shalar, realistic optimists are these who make the best of things that happen, but not those who believe everything happens for the best.Ben-Shalar uses three optimistic exercisers. When he feels down-sag, after giving a bad lecture-he grants himself permission to be human. He reminds himself that mot every lecture can be a Nobel winner; some will be less effective than others. Next is reconstruction, He analyzes the weak lecture, leaning lessons, for the future about what works and what doesn’t. Finally, there is perspective, which involves acknowledging that in the ground scheme of life, one lecture really doesn’t matter.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions: Suppose you are going to study abroad and share an apartment with John, a local student. Write him to email to1)tell him about your living habits, and2)ask for advice about living there.You should write about 100 words on answer sheet.Do not use your own name.Part B48. Directions: Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)You should1. interpret the chart, and2. give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15points)2014年考研英语（二）真题参考答案Section I Use of English1. B concluded2. A protective3. C Likewise4. A indicator5. D concern6. A in terms of7. C equals8. C in turn9. D straightforward10. B while11. A shape12. B qualify13. C normal14. D tendency15. B pictured16. D associated17. A Even18. D grounded19. C policies20. B againstSection II Reading ComprehensionPart AText 121. B A special tour22. A critical23. D rarity generally increases pleasure24. B may prove to be a worthwhile purchase25. C obtain lasting satisfaction from money spent Text 226. A our self-ratings are unrealistically high27. C intuitive response28. B believe in their attractiveness29. A instinctively30. D withhold their unflattering sidesTest3 暂无31.32.33.34.35.Text 436. B involves certain political factors37. C suffered government biases38. A allow greater government debt for housing39. C contribute to funding new developments40. D stop generous funding to the housing sectorPart B41 . D represents the elegance of the British land art42 . E depicts the ordinary side of the British land art43 . G contains images from different parts of the same photograph44 . C reminds people of the English landscape painting tradition45 . A originates from a long walk that the artist took46. 翻译参考：（逐句对照）Most people would define optimism as being endlessly happy, with a glass that’s perpetually half full. 大多数人将乐观定义为永远快乐，总觉得杯子里的水还有一半。
北京外国语大学2014年硕士研究生入学考试试题科目名称：二外法语、翻译硕士法语（考试时间3小时.满分100分.其中前60题的答案填涂在客观题标准答题卡上；其它题答在答题纸上•所有试题答在试题页上无效•〉Partic I : Structure grammaticalc ct vocabulaire (35 points)1・ Paulette a beaucoup de romans, et Anne a presque ______ de romans qu'elle・(A)lant (B) autant (C) aussi (D) encore beaucoup2・ Quoiqu'il mal w il cst vcnu participer a la reunion.(A)sc sent (B) se sentait (C) sc sente (D) sc sentirait3・ 11 faut quo tout Ic monde, meme les malades, _____ present a la reunion!(A) sera (B) serait (C) cst (D) soit4. Tu dois me rendre immediatement mon encyclopedic Hachette. j'auraibicn besoin pour finir cette traduction.(A) qui (B) que (C) dont (D)aqui5. II a appns le fran^ais deux ans.(A) pendant (B) depuis (C) pour (D)d'ici6. cst Ic numero de telephone de la police?(A) Combien (B) Comment (C) Quel (D) Qf7. Pour preparer un diner, il a empruntc tin livre de reccltes d la ■(A) librairie (B) discotheque (C) sortie (D) bibliothcquc8. C*cst a Madame Dubois _________ vous devez vous adresscr.(A) que (B) qui (C) laquellc (D) ccllc9・____ retard de tnon mari w j5ai manqu© Pavion cc matin.(A) Parcc que le (B) Malgre le (C) Grace au (D) A cause du10.Les contes sont ________ belles histoires qui se passent dans _____________ endroitsmagnifiques ・(A) de; d‘(B) de; des (C) des; d* (D) des: des11.Ne prenez pas le cafe le soir ________ i l vous empeche de donnir.(A) bien qif (B) pour qu，(C) a moins qtT (D) de peur qu*12.Elie esl n& a Harbin _______ mois de septembre 199().(A) au (B) en (C) a (D) dans le13.II travaille fort pour preparer ses examens _________ il ifait pas en bonne santc cesjours-ci.(A)afin q『(B) de craintc qif (C) de sorte qif (D) bien qif14.Si rOrchcstre de Beijing joue a la fete de la musique vendredi prochain. nous certainemcnt yassister.(A)allons (B) irons (C) allions (D) irions15. ____ il a commence a pleuvoir, jc nc veux plus sortir.(A)PuisqiT (B) Parce que (C) Etant donne (D) Car16.Je ne peux pas _______ mes lunettes, je ne sais plus ou jc les ai miscs.(A) chercher (B) trouver (C) rechercher (D) cacher17.En France. Ic president cst _ pour 5 ans au suflrage universei direct.(A) du (B) choisi (C) selectionne (D) nommeTous les salaries ont droit aux payes, trois semaines depuis 1956 et quatre aujourd^hui dans de nombreux scctcurs・(A) vacanccs (B) fetes (C) conges (D) festivals19. ___ soient nos difticultes, nous ne devons pas nous decourager.(A) Quelles (B) Qui (C) Que (D) Quel les que20.Le matin, elle prend un jus de fruits tout de suite apres —.(A) avoir leve (B) avoir levdc (C) etre Iev6c (D) s'etre levee21 ・ Elie etait touchee d' _______ avec tant de chaleur.(A) etre controlee (B) Ctre rc^ue (C) etre cueillie (D) etre surveillee22.Ce jour-U vers 10 heures et demie, les etudiants ______________ au sommet de la GrandeMuraille-(A) ont monte (B) montcraieni (C) moniaicnt (D) soni monies23.Si tu avais bien rc\ ise toutes les lemons, tu ____________ avoir une meilleure note dansfexamen il y a trois jours.(A) as pu (B) avais pu (C) aurais pu (D) auras pu24.Telephone-moi, avani que f hotel.(A) j'ai quitte (B) j^avais quiltc (C) je quittc (D) j^urai quittd25.Selon le calendner universitaire, les examens oral et ecrit du fran^ais ___________________ e nfevrier prochain.(A) paraitront (B) gagneront (C) passeront (D) auront lieu26.Vos intcrcls sont importants, mais vous devez aussi penser autres・(A) aux (H) les (C)des (D) d'27.Michel a faitbeaucoup de progres dans ces etudes d e chinois, et il ____________ csi tressatisfait ・(A) en (B) leur (C) V(D) les reunion de cct apres-midi, ____________ tous les directeurs de service doivenrparticipcr, 6tait extremement importante.(A)ou (B) A celle (C) y (D) a laqueile29.Avant chcz lui. on _______ toujours deux repas Ic dimanchc.(A) a pris (B) prenait (C) prend (D) avait pris30.J'aimerais qu'il _ tout de suite, sinon e'est moi qui m'en vais・(A)sort (B) sortc (C) va sortir (D) sortira31 ・ La vie est compliquee, il est pariois difficile de distinguer Ic ___________ <lu faux.(A)vrai (B) bon (C) beau (D) jour32.J'ai lei deux revues pour vous : _________ est en anglais ct ______ cn fran^ais.(A) cclui-ci; celui-la (B) celle-ci; ccIle-lA(C) ceux-ci; ceux-ia (D) cclles-ci; celles-h33.Savcz-vous ____ interesse les jeunes l?ran<;ais?(A) quel (B) lequel (C) ce qui (D) cc que direction du Departement a interdit ________ professeurs __________ fumer dans lesbureaux.(A) les; a (B) les; de (C) aux; a (D) aux; de35.Lenfant s'amusait dans la cour avcc des copains ____________ son pdre revienne・(A) jusqu'd cc que (B) apres que (C) depuis que (D) pendant que< ai tiv IJI • t^avi a ■■uuo \■ L^argent de pochePartie III: Comprehension ecritc (20 points)1. 75 % des vols violents visent les telephones portablesLe telephone portable est un objct toujours plus desire ・ S^lon une etude de la Prefecture de police de Paris, pres d'un vol sur deux commis dans Ics transports cn commun de la region parisienne conceme desormais un mobile ・《 La mode des smanphones (portable intelligent), dont Ic prix est elevc, provoque une multiplication des cas de vols. Ic plus souvent violents, souligne Alain Garddre, directeur de la 15 euros c ；csl la _______________ 36 mi>yennc d'argenl de poche donnce chaque mois aux 37 curopeens de 5 a 1() ans ! La France est Pun des pays d'Europe ou les parents en donnent 38 (66 % contre 84 % 39 Allemagnc). Pourquoi donner de Fargent de poche ? Certains enfants cn gagnent quand ils ont une 40 note a f ecole, ou en echange d un service rendu _4[ (jardinage, menage). D'autrcs cn rc?oivcnt rcgulierement, chaque semainc ou chaque 42• ou plus exceptionnellement pour leur 43 ou unc grande occasion ・L 1 argent de poche t'apprend _44 deschoses, a calculer ct 占 g6rer un budget. Alors45 avant de depenser ton argent. Surtout mefle-toi de toutes les publicites : leur bul 46 te faireacheter leurs produits ・47 __ utiliser ton argent ? Tupeux depenser : e'est donner de Pargenten echangc d un produit (des habits) ou d*unservice ( 48 )・ Tu peux aussi49_ : c f est faire une reserve d'argent en deposantton argent dans ta lirelire ou a la banque. Tu peuxaussi faire un don : e'est verser de Kargcnt a uneassociation ou A 50 par exemple. 36. (A) montant(B) total (C) sonune(D) monnaie 37. (A) petits(B) grands (C) filies(D) petits-enfants 38. (A) beaucoup(B) plus (C) le moins(D) le plus 39. (A) a I*(B) en (C) dans V(D)a 40. (A) belle(B) nouvclle (C) mauvaisc(D)bonne 41. (A) a la maison(B) aux parents (C) dans leur chambre (D) dans la salle de bains 42. (A) annee (B) semestre (C) trimestre (D) jour 43. (A) etudes (B) vacances (C) manage (D) anniversaire 44. (A) le volume (B) la taillc (C) la valeur (D) le poids 45. (A) pensc (B) iravaille (C) reflechis (D) risque 46. (A) consiste (B) est pour (C) est de (D) est 47. (A) Pourquoi (B) Comment (C) Quand ** (D) Pour qui 4& (A) un portable (B) des achats(C) des livres (D) le coiffeur49. (A) utiliser (B) jouer(C) cacher (D) economiser50. (A) un pauvre (B) un riche(C) un medecin(D) un profcsscursecuritc de Paris・Et le phenomcnc a encore pris de 1’ampleur avec f iPhone 5. trds recherche・ »La Prefecture de police a examine toutes les plaintes d6posees au mois d'oetobre dernier. Sur les 2723 vols dans les transports publics pansiens, 1264 conccment des telephones, alors que le vol de portefeuillc ou de portc-monnaie represente 899 faits, soit 33%. Parmi les mobiles voids, 68% etaient des telephones a ecran tactile, des iPhone en majorite・Or ccs vols s'accompagnent souvent de violences. « Le voyagcur est en general repcr^ alors qu'il utilise son telephone sur le quai ou dans la rame, note Alain Gardere. Le volcur rfa plus quP rarracher au bon moment ct partir en courant. Et les menaces ct coups de poings sont frequents en cas de resistance. » Sur les 991 vols violents en octobre, 75% visaient des telephones・La Prefecture de police constate en outre Pemergence d'un « veritable marchc parallclc », destine d vendre cette marchandise・ La semains dcmicre. une quinzaine de jeunes gens qui revendaient sous le manteau des smartphones voles ont ainsi etc arretes dans le XVIIF arrondissement a Paris. Selon un enqueteur, un iPhone peut rapportcr jusqu^ 250 euros.Cependant, toutes les plaintes ne sont pas serieuscs・ S： Von croil une estimation de la Prefecture, communiquee cn septetnbre, prds (Tun tiers des plaintes pour vol de telephone portable scraient en realiic mensongcres et auraient pour finalite un remboursement par fassurancc apres une banale perte.Questions sur le texte 1 :51.Au mois d'oclobre, quel est le pourccniage des vols dans les transports publics parisicns quiconccmcnt les telephones ?(A)Environ un tiers.(B)Pres de la moitie.(C)Pres de 70%.(D) A peu pr^s trois quarts.52.Precisement, quelle sortc de telephones les voleurs preferent-ils '(A)Les telephones fixes.(B)Les tdkphones portables・(C)Les smartphones・(D)Les telephones satellites.53.Qu^est-ce qu'un marche parallele ?(A)C'esi un marche noir.(B)C'csl une grande surface.(C)C'csl un marche aux puces・(D)C'est un marche dans les banlieues・54.Selon Particle, laquelle des descnplions suivantes n'est pas correcte ?(A)Les vols des telephones portables s'accompagnent souvent de violences.(B)Quand le voyageur utilise son telephone sur le quai ou dans la ramc. c'csl le bon moment pourle voleur de voler・(C)Les voleurs peuvent revendre les portables voles, surlout les smartphones voles a un prix peuelev6.(D)Certaines plaintes concemant les vols de telephones portables ct de smartphones sont fausses.55.Scion rarticle, laquelle des descriptions suivantes cst corrcctc ?(A)Les vols des tekphones portables sont moins frequents que ceux des portc*monnaie.(B)Les iPhones clanl tr^s chers, on a du mal a revendre les iPhones voids・(C)Les portables voles constituent des banales pertes・(D)C'eriaincs pertes de telephones portables pcuvcnl clrc remboursees par 1'assurance.2.L^exercice physique devrait etre prcscrit sur ordonnanceLe sport sur ordonnance mcdicalc. pris cn charge par la Securite social© pour «rcduirc la consommation de mcdicamenrs des Fran^ais » ? Alors que Ic mimstere de la Santc doit mettre en oeuvre dans les semaines a venir son plan cn faveur de factivite physique.「AcudGmic de mddecine veut aller plus loin・« Lc sport doit faire partie des prescriptions au cabinet medical, au meme titre que les antibiotiques, Taspirine ou les antidepresseurs », affirme le Dr Jacques Bazex, auteur (Tun rapport sur ce theme rendu public cette semaine. L idee (Tunc prise cn charge de Pexercice physique par les pouvoirs publics, pour certaines categories de la population, a d'ailleurs ete deja envisagee recemment. en particulier en Grande-Bretagne.Depuis trente ans. beaucoup de publications ont demontre les bienfaits du sport sur la sanlC mentale et physique en general. A court terme, Tactivite a un eflet benefique sur le sommeiL le stress. Panxiete. Pratiquce regulierement. elle allonge respcrancc de vie en bonne same et retarde Page d^entree dans la dependance・ Une etude prospective publiee en 2007. portant sur 250.000 personnes, montre ainsi qu v un sport d^intensite moderee, pratique au moins trois heures par semaine. reduit le risque de mortality de Pordre de 30 %・ Selon 1'Organisation mondiale de la Smnl也la sedentarite serait responsable d'un d^ces sur dix dans le monde・favoriser factivite physique des Franqais n est cepcndant pas un mince defi. « Malgr6 les ertorts deploy^ par certaines mairies, associations ct benevoles. seule une faible proportion de la population est concemee ». note KAcademic・ Dans une etude de rinpes, 42 % des personnes mterrogees ont declare moins de dix minutes d'activite dans la semaine pr^cedant Penquete・ Comparant les habitudes des preadolescents curopecns et americains, unc etude intemationale a par ailleurs montre que la France fait partie des pays oil la pratique cst la plus faible a cet age.« II csi de la responsabilite des pouvoirs publics de corriger cette situation alamantc »f conclut f Academic de medecine, qui appcllc a la mise en oeuvre d'un programme d'education pour cnracincr Ic sport dans les habitudes de vie des Ic plus jeune age. et sensibiliscr les mcdccins a reffet preventif et therapeutique de l activite physique.Questions sur ie texte 2 :56.D'apres cet article. qu'esi・ce que les midecins frangais clevraient lairc ?(A)Ils devraient tenir compte de Pexercices physique quand its soignent des nialades.(B)Ils devraient faire plus de spon pour exercer leur metier.(C)Ils devraient proposer aux patients de prendre plus de Tncdicainents et de fairc plus de sport・(D)Ils devraient proposer de fairc des cxcrciccs physiques a certaines categorie de la population・57.D?apres cet article, maintenant qui preconise le plus que rcxercice physique doit etre present surordonnance ?(A) Le ministere de la Sante.<B) L'Academie de medecine・(C)I. Organisation mondialc de la Santc・(D)Des mairics, associations ct bene voles ・5& Comment comprcndrc la phrase : « Selon POrganisaticn mondiale de la Sag la sedencarite serait responsabie d'un deces sur dix dans le monde・》?(A)La sedentarite serait un mode de vic responsabie・(B)La sedentarite pourrait reduire le resque de deces・(C)Unc dizaine de personnes seraient mortes de la sedentarite.(D)10% des deces scraicnt lies A la s6dentarit6 dans k monde59.Concemant Texercice physique des Fran^ais, laquelle des descriptions suivantes cst incorrecte ?(A)Un faible pourcentage des Fran^ais ont f habitude de faire du sport・(B)T.cs preadolesccnts fran^ais font le moins de sport parmi les pr6adolescents curopeens ctamcricains, scion une etude internationalc・(C)42 % des personnes intcrrogccs font moins de dix minutes d'activite chaque jour.(D)La plupart des Fran^ais sont plutot sedentaires.quelle des phrases suivantes est incorrecte d'apres cel article ?(A)Cel article cst redige sur la base d un rapport du ministere de la Sante.(B)Le sport sur ordonnance medicale doit etre pns en charge par la Securite socialc.(C)Le gouvcmcmcnt doit faire ses efforts pour enraciner le sport dans les habitudes de vic des leplus jeune age.(D)Les mcdccins doivent prcscrire rexercice physique sur ordormance・Partie IV : Thorne (15 points)61.法国人的早餐通常比较简单：一杯加奶咖啡，一个小面包或羊角面包.62.前天，吗丽吿诉我她已经结束了她在中国的匸作，过一星期就回国了.63.我曾经学过两年法语.为了这次考硏考试.又花了十天上了一个法语培训班.64.虽然我们是朋友，但是我也得对你说：在这件事上是你错/・65.我不会开车.每夭是乗公交上班.我觉得这样挺好.而几公交也挺便宜的。
北京外国语大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2014年(总分：150.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Ⅰ(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.UNDP（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：联合国开发计划(United Nations Development Program)2.OECD countries（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：经合组织国家(Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries)3.bailout loans（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：救助贷款4.EBITA（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：税息折旧及摊销前利润(Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization) 5.venture capital（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：风险资本6.telepresence（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：远程监控7.carbon footprint（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：碳足迹8.forensic medicine（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：法医学9.key encryption technology（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：公钥加密技术10.United Arab Emirates（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：阿拉伯联合酋长国11.extradition treaty（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：引渡条约12.seismic monitoring（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：地震监测13.procrastination（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：拖延14.flip phone（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：翻盖手机15.Mack Daddy（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：万人迷二、Ⅱ(总题数：15，分数：15.00)16.大部制（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Super-Ministry System17.石油输出国组织（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)18.生物圈（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：biosphere19.涨停板（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：pricing out of market20.浮动汇率（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：floating exchange rate21.计划免疫（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：EPI (Expanded Program on Immunization)22.学生减负（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：alleviate the burden on students23.通识教育（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：general education24.B超（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：type-B ultrasonic25.自媒体（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：We Media26.土地承载能力（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Land carrying capacity27.小产权房（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：houses with limited property rights28.土豪（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：tuhao (local tyrant)29.胶原蛋白（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：collagen protein30.经济适用男（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：budget husband三、Ⅲ(总题数：2，分数：60.00)31.Never before had the world such a tremendous scientific-technical potential, such a capacity to generate wealth and well-being. Authentic technological wonders that have made any place in the world to be always close with regard to distances and communications and have not been capable of bringing wellbeing for everybody, but only for a meager 15% living in the countries of the North. The abysm between North and South is now so huge, that the unsustainability of the current economic order and the blindness of the people who try to justify continuing to enjoy opulence and waste, are evident.The great possibilities that a globalization of solidarity and true cooperation could bring to all people in the world through the scientific-technical wonders, have been reduced by the neo-liberal model to this grotesque caricature full of exploitation and social injustice. We were asked to be ultraliberal in trade and to lift any barrier, which may obstruct the imports coming from the North, but the oral champions of free trade actually are the champions in the praxis of protectionism. The North spends 1 billion dollars a day in practicing what has been banned from doing, that is, subsidizing inefficient products. Today, vis-á-vis the obvious failure of neoliberalism and the great threat that the International Economic Order represents for the south, it is necessary to retake the Spirit of the South by forming an alliance among ourselves.（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：()解析：我们的世界正在呈现前所未有的巨大科技潜力，创造出前所未有的财富和福祉。
