情态动词

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情态动词
Can(否定can’t)+do
①表示能力,多指一般性的能力。

例句:Can you use the computer?
be able to也表示能力,与can的区别为它有各种时态。

例句:I will be able to drive car soon.
②表示许可,多用于非正式场合。

例句:You can read my book now.
③表示可能性,表示某事是否是事实,常用于否定句或者疑问句。

例句:Can the story be true?I can’t believe it.
Could(否定couldn’t)+do
①表示“过去的能力”。

例句:I could climb the tree when I was five.
②表示可能性,语气比can弱。

例句:Mother said I could pass the exam.
③表示委婉的语气,用于提出请求、建议,多用于疑问句中,
回答用can.
例句:——Excuse me,could you tell me the way to the school?
——You can walk straight and turn left.
May(否定may not)+do
①表示许可或者同意,意为“可以”,多用于正式场合。

例句:You may keep the book two weeks.
②表示征求对方意见、表示许可或者回答“May I...”问句时,当表示“不可以”时,用may not.
例句:——May I pick flowers in the park?
——No,you may not.
③表示可能性或者可能发生的事,但可能性比can小。

例句:Anybody may get ill.
Might(may的过去式)+do
①表示许可。

例句:Mary asked me that I might use her earphones.
②表示可能性,但相对较小。

例句:Don’t wait for him,he might work in the office.
Must(否定mustn't)+do
①表示必须,强调主观看法。

例句:You must stop smoking.
②当问句中有must且意为“必须”时,否定回答为needn't或don't have to,意为“不必”。

例句:——Must I hand in my paper tomorrow?
——No,you needn't.
③mustn’t意为“一定不要,禁止”。

例句:You mustn't speak to your mother in this way.
④表示有根据的推测或者推断,“一定是,准是”,用于肯定句中。

例句:Her face is red.She must be shy.
Have to do
表示“必须”,强调客观需要,因为客观环境或事态而不得不;must 强调主观意识,表示主观上认为有必要做。

例句:I have to do it myself.No one help me.
Will、would、won't do
Will用于一般的习惯、倾向或表示固定性质;would描述过去的习惯或例行的活动。

①表示请求,would语气比will委婉。

例句:Will you give her the letter?
②表示意愿。

例句:If you will,you may live here.
③would强调过去的习惯,和现在没有联系;used to表示过去的习
惯性动作现在已经不存在,强调与现在的情况形成对比。

例句:He used to go out with his parents,but now he is used to staying at home alone.
Shall
①表示征求意见或者请求,主语多为第一人称和第三人称。

例句:Shall we eat out tonight?
②表示对情况的推测,意为“可能,该”。

例句:It’s five o'clock.The plane should land.
Should(否定shouldn't)+do
①表示应该做,强调责任。

例句:I should help him.I am his best friend.
②shouldn't意为“不应该”。

例句:You shouldn't scold him.He is innocent.
Dare(否定dare not)+do
主要用于否定句或者疑问句中。

例句:He dare not drink wine.
Used to意为“过去常常”
例句:He used to live in the city before he got married. 否定didn't use to
例句:He didn't use to go shopping with his wife.
疑问e to
例句:Did you use to go to work by car?
Be used to doing意为“习惯做某事”
例句:She is used to running in the morning.
Sth be used to do意为“被用来做某事”
例句:I need a box,which is used to hold books.
Ought to do,意为“应该”。

例句:We ought to study hard,or we won't have a bright future. Had better+do,意为“最好...”
例句:He had better get on well with his colleagues.
否定为had better not do
例句:You had better not go to office by car.
Would rather do,意为“宁愿,宁可”
例句:I would rather stay up to prepare my exam.
否定为Would rather not do
例句:She would rather not work here.。