口语对话 华师研一英语
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1. Mass media, parents, peers and schools are the agents of consumer socialization. Please explain these four agents in the process of consumer socialization.A: Well, our oral topic is about consumer socialization.B: When it comes to consumer socialization, I will think of my parents, who pass on many consuming habits to me. The socialization of family members, ranging from young children to adults, is a central family function. Today that function includes developing children into consumers. For example, I am inclined to consume the same milk and skin care products, which have been regarded as good products since I was a child. How do you think about it?C: Oh, maybe I can't agree with you. I attach more importance to mass media when we talk about the consumer socialization. Since we can read, listen, and see, the advertisements are all around us, inciting us to buy, buy and buy. When some famous stars earning a large sum of money represent the products, whose posters are hung in the street meaning that hey, I have it, you need it too.D: And the peers! Nowadays, we would tend to own some products that our peers own, which due to peer-pressure. We are inclined to imitate our guys who are at the same age with us. However, in the student period, we are taught to be a diligent and thrifty student. It always reminds me to save money and not extravagant waste.A: Yes, in one word, many factors play important role in processing of consumer socialization. We should cultivate good habits of consumption. In my opinion, rational consumption should be independent, so don‟t follow the crowd blindly. Besides, we should keep a balance between material consumption and spiritual consumption.2. What might be the causes of allergy? Please give a brief description of the causes.A: Well, as we all know, there is a large sum of people who suffers from the allergy. They may cough, sneeze, and vomit. Sometimes, the allergy even leads to a dramatic drop in blood pressure by extreme respiratory distress that may be fatal without prompt treatment when they come into contact with the allergen.B: Yes, it‟s horrible for people to touch the allergen. What‟s worse, almost any food can trigger an allergy, although eight categories account for 90% of all reactions: milk, eggs, peanuts, tree nuts, fin fish, shellfish, soy and wheat. In this way, allergy is hard to avoid.C: How to explain the causes of the allergy? In my opinion, maybe it has some sort of genetic predisposition. I take my family as an example. In my family, all of us except my mother are allergic to the flower pollen. D: I don‟t agree with you. Genetics cannot explain the rapid rise in allergies over the past few years or, for that matter, centuries. So something must have changed in the environment. One obvious place to look is air pollution.A: Yeah, Beijing is famous for its air pollution now. But in some area where the economy is backward and the air is clean, there are still a lot of allergy cases. How do you explain that?B: As we all know, an allergy is an overreaction by the immune systems to a foreign substance.C: Do you have heard of the “hygiene hypothesis”? It explains that the human immune system, which evolved in a natural environment full of hostile bacteria and parasites, finds itself have nothing to do in the clean modern suburb, and tend to takes out its frustration on harmless peanuts and shrimp.D: All explains sound reasonable. If we are too unluckily to get some allergy, we should take urgent measures in time to prevent more horrible hurts. In daily life, we should give extra attention to things which cause allergy.3、Should higher education be an elite education? Should higher education be available to all students or only to good students? Please state your opinions.A: Nowadays, more and more superiority resources gather in some universities, such as high-end teaching techniques, luxury accommodation and so on. As we can see, the higher education tends to be an elite education. How do you think of this phenomenon?B: Well, I don‟t agree with it. The elite education has a lot of disadvantages. First of all, it makes you incapable of talking to people who aren‟t like you, which will do no help to our future development. C: Yes. The elite education inculcates a false sense of self-worth. In this way, you learn to think of yourself in terms of the rankings and grades. However, those numbers really measure your identity, not your value. D: I agree with you. These numbers really test the ability to take tests, but even if they measure something real, it‟s only a small slice of the real. The problem begins when the students all forget the truth.A: Besides, the disadvantage of elite education is that when elite universities boast that they teach their students how to think, they mean that they teach them the analytic and rhetorical skills necessary for success in law or science.B: However, a humanistic education is supposed to mean something more than that.C: In this way, our higher education should be available to everyone in the world. Everyone are born equal especially when in confront of knowledge. That‟s why so many massive open online courses (MOCC) are open to all over the world.D: Let me conclude our views. The higher education shouldn‟t be an elite education. What‟s more, the higher education should be available to all students even all people.4、Please give your comments on the pros and cons of cosmetic surgery.A:Cosmetic surgery has become so popular in the world，and China is no exception，Experts estimate that 30 percent people who make cosmetic in Seoul are Chinese. Different factors contribute to the hot Cosmetic surgery. Can you list some factors about it？B:Yes,Firstly,I think technology has progressed so fast, which makes it a reality to do cosmetic surgery. As prices keep coming down,more and more people are electing to do Cosmetic surgery. Can you say someting about it？C:Of course, I think this is a factor too, that is : people have the instinct to pursue beauty, because we both think that good-looking people are more popular than people who don‟t look good, so we are both try to make us more beautiful. Do you think so？D：Yes, I agree with that, and I want to add one point. In my opinion, the popularization of Cosmetic surgery is also linked to the change of people‟s perception of beauty, in recent years Western notions of beauty have been popular, more and more Asians are pursuing that notions.A:What you just said are reasonable .Cosmetic surgery has been so popular,we should both consider the advantages and disadvantages of cosmetic surgery.What‟s your opinions about it？B:As we all know, the biggest advantage of cosmetic surgery is its ability to turn an ordinary face to a very lovely one. It can make up for your regret of your body, your face or any other part of your body.Do you agree with me？C:Yes,you are right.As a result of that,people may become confident in your daily life, which will make them energetic in their work, so they may make greater achievements in their career. From this point of view, cosmetic surgery fulfills people‟s dreams.What‟s your opinion,奉献？D:Yes,I agree with what you just said,however, as we all know, every coin has two sides. When we sing high praises for cosmetic surgery, we should not ignore its bad effects. I think the biggest threat hidden behind the cosmetic surgery is its insecurity. Many tragic incidents have been reported recent years that one gets hurt or blind or even dead when she adopts a cosmetic surgery,we shouldn‟t ignore the fact.Do you think so?5、When choosing first names for their children, parents may have different reasons. Please illustrate the major reasons.A:Names are a culture universal.A person's name can tell us a bit about a person's family. Those are all beautiful names.Then how do the parents choose names for their children?Do you have something to say?B:Yeah,in my apinion, I think that the traditional way is by family history. Parents may choose a name because it is passed from generation to generation; for example, the first born son might be named after his father or grandfather.What do you think about it?C:I also see some parents provide a "push" for the child when choosing names for their kids. Parents want to choose a name that sounds very "successful." A strong name might help them in the business world, for example. Or they might choose a name that works for either gender, like Taylor or Terry. How about you?D:Well,I know that some parents may choose a name after a family member or friend who has died recently, or after someone "they admire, like a well-known leader or a famous musician. Although most English first names mean something, for example, "Richard" means powerful and “Ann" means grace, nowadays meaning is not the main reason people select their baby's name.A:Oh, I think that some parents choose names casually. Many parents choose a name simply because they like it, or because it's fashionable or classic. Fashions in names change just as they do in clothes.6. Do you agree with the saying that English is a global language? Why or why not? Please state your reasons.A: Nowadays many of us learn and use English as a second language, and even use English to communicate with other people who speak English as a second language. So do you think English is a global language? Why or why not?B: Let me think .Err, English is a global language, I reckon. First of all, English is the dominant language of business, travel and science. When people need a common language, they often use English. For example, we often use English at tourist information center, in international hotels, at airports.C:yeah ,I agree with B.I f you want to take a taxi in Paris, and you can‟t speak French, the taxi driver is more likely to use English than any other languages. English is used every day by many people. People all over the world come in contact with each other in English.D:At the same time ,English is the official language of more than 75 countries. These countries use English in schools, banks, business and government. This reason support the global argument is that every year about 1 billion people study English .People want and need to learn English because it offers them opportunities.A: You have given us many examples of how English is used in a variety of situations. Nevertheless, does this mean that English is a global language? I am afraid not. I don‟t believe English has replaced other languages. First, there are about 3 times as many people who speak Chinese as their first language as those who speak English as a first language. Second, you mentioned before that 75 countries have English as their official language. But this doesn‟t mean all, or even most of the people in these countries can speak English. For example, in India, most sources agree that only about 5 percent of the population speaks English .That‟s a small percentage!B:Even I consider English is a global language, it can‟t replace other Language. It offers us opportunities. Most people may learn only the English words they need for their jobs, and therefor they can‟t be considered English speakers. They still use their first language for daily communication. English is not their main language.C: Hum, what you say make sense. So it‟s safe to say that English is a main language used in many international settings. However, it won‟t replace other languages.D: I agree with you. We still want to learn English, but we w on‟t give up our own language and culture. Our own language is an essential symbol that distinguishes us from other nations in the world.7. What are the characteristics of a phobia? What are the two theories about the causes of phobias? Please give a brief report of phobias.A: Today we …re going to turn to a new topic in psychology and start looking at some specific psychological problems. I want to start the discussion by talking about a fairly common kind of psychological problem----a phobia. So,What are the characteristics of a phobia?B: I have read a book about it .I know a characteristic of a phobia. First, a phobia is not a rational response. It‟s a very strong reaction, too strong for the situation. For my brother who has computer phobia ,this meant he had a very strong physical reaction if someone asked him to use a computer .he start shaking violently and had a trouble breathing .C: There are other two characteristics of a phobia. A phobia often lasts for a long time, for months or even years . The other one is that the reaction is too strong for a person to control .For example ,even if my brother told himself not to be afraid at the computer ,it did‟t help .he still felt very afraid .D:It is difficulty to control it by trying to deny you feel the phobia. A newspaper said that there are two theories about the causes of phobias. What are the two theories about the causes of phobias?A:One theory says that the phobia is the phobia itself. And the second istheory says that the phobia is a sign of a deeper problem the person have .so it‟s important in deciding how to treat the person .B:according to the first theory, if a phyobia is learned ,perhaps it can be unlearned. A psychologist who follows this theory will try to terch someone to react differently, to behave differently when he or she feels afraid. So ,changing the people …s behavior is the goal .C:I think a psychologist who believes the second thory may start by trying to teach the person to react differently ,but the doctor is interested in more than that .The doctor‟s goal is to help the patient reveal the deeper psychological problem,because it will be easier to treat the phobia if the deeper problems is identified and worked on as well.D:With a long discussion ,I have a clear understangding about phobia .As a University student,we should learn Knowledge about psychology ,and find some ways to help other people who have phobia.8. Please describe three waves of immigration in the USA. (e.g. Where did the immigrants come from? Why did they choose to immigrate? etc.)A: Hello, today we will talk about immigration. Immigration means to move from one country to another。
