中考英语专项名词专项讲解、练习
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1 一、名 词
名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词,我们必须掌握名词的数、名词的格。
可数名词
1、可用a/an修饰可数名词单数,在元音音素开头的单词前用an.
如:a job a worker an apple an Englishman
2、复数的构成方法:
(1)一般在可数名词后加s,如:dog—dogs
(2)以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加es,
如:watch-watches,class-classes,box—boxes
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加es,
如:country-countries,
注意:day—days boy-boys monkey—monkeys
元音字母+y结尾的名词直接加s。
(4)以o结尾的名词,只有potato,tomato,hero,negro加es构成复数。
注意:radio—radios photo—photos zoo-zoos piano—pianos
(5)以f fe结尾的名词,变f/fe为v再加es。
如:knife-knives wolf—wolves
3、单复数形式相同的词。Sheep-sheep fish—fish chinese—chinese Japanese—japanese
4、特殊变化的单词有:
(1)tooth-teeth foot-feet goose—geese
(2)man-men woman-women policeman—policemen
注意:German(德国人)—Germans
(3)child—children ox—oxen mouse-mice
5、常以复数形式出现的名词:
people/police/clothes/trousers/glasses/cattle等,这些名词做主语时,应特别注意他们的谓语,用复数。
如:several hundred police were on duty.几百个警察在执勤。
My clothes are newer than yours。我的衣服比你的新。
6、有些名词看似复数形式,实际上是单数,应特别加以记忆。如:no news is good news.
7、可用how many,many,a few,few,a lot of,lots of,some,any等来修饰可数名词复数。
不可数名词
1、常见的不可数名词有:water rice fish meat等。
特别记忆:medicine news work homework housework money chalk weather cotton wood等.
2、不可数名词无复数,作主语时常看成单数.如:some bread is over there。
3、常用how mach/much/a little/a lot of/some/any/等来修饰不可数名词。
4、常用a piece of/a cup of等来修饰不可数名词的量。如要表示“两片面包"这样的意义,bread为不可数名词,不加s,而piece则加s,即tow pieces of bread.
注意:three boxes of apples可数名词 Three bottles of water不可数名词
例如:these two pieces of bread are over these.
名词的格
1、名词所有格的构成方法,在名词的后加“,s”,译为(…的)。如:tom-tom,s(汤姆的)
2、若遇上以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“,”即可。
如:teachers, day ,tow months,holidy(=tow-month holiday)
不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加“,s”。如:children,s day,women,s day
3、可用名词所有格表示地点如:my aunt,s home我姑姑家At the tailor,s 在缝纫铺
Go to the doctor,s去医生家
4、表示两人共同拥有,在最后一名词后加“,s”.如:luck and lily,s room露西和莉莉的房间
5、掌握词组:a friend of mine 我的一个朋友 a girl of five 一个五岁的女孩
一.可数名词的复数规则变化
1. map__________ girl__________ pen__________ bag_____ car__________ 2 2. bus__________ brush__________ watch__________ box__________
3. baby__________ city__________ country__________
4. hero__________ potato__________zoo_________tomato_________ photo__________
5. knife__________ leaf_______wolf________wife__________ life__________
二.可数名词复数不规则变化child_________foot________ tooth_______ mouse_______ man_______
三.国人单复数变化German__________ Englishman__________ Chinese_________
四.单复数同形deer__________ sheep__________ yuan__________
中等题
1. There are two__________ over there。 (watch)
2. I like taking __________。 (photo)
3. l can see a __________and two __________ standing there。 (man, woman)
4. There are two baskets of__________ on the floor。 (apple)
5. Look at those__________. (child)
6. He doesn’t like these__________. (glass)
7. How many __________can you see? (radio)
8. There are more and more __________ drivers in Shanghai now。 (woman)
9. Give me some __________, please. (water)
含性别的复合名词
1. There are twenty __________ in our hospital.
A。 woman doctors B。 women doctor C。 women doctors D. woman
doctor
2. __________ are usually careful in doing exercises.
A。 Girl students B。 Girls students C。 Girls’ students D.Girl’s students
可数名词复数不规则变化
1. ————What are these? ——They are __________。
A。 deers B. radios C。 Radioes D。tomatos
2。 How many __________ are there in these __________?
A. tomatos, photos B。 tomatoes, photos C. tomatoes, photoes D。potatos,photoes
3。 Mr. Chen has two __________。
A. tooths B。 teeth C。 teeths D。toothes
4。 Here are __________ for you, Sue。
A. potatos B。 some potatoes C。 three tomatos D。 some tomato
5。 Then the __________ began to eat the green __________ of young trees.
A. deer, leafs B。 deer, leaves C。 deer, leaf D。 deers, leafs
国人复数变化专项
1. I met some __________ in the park and talked with them the other day。
A. Japanese B. American C。 Chineses D. English
2。 -—— Excuse me, are you __________? ——— Yes, I'm from __________。
A。 Japan, Japanese B。 China, Chinese C. England, English D.American, America
3. A group of __________are talking with two__________ over there.
A。 Frenchmen, Germans B. Frenchmen, Germen
C. Frenchmen, German D. Frenchmanes, Germans
4. Yesterday a few __________ came to visit some__________ in Shantou。
A. German, places of interest B。 Germans, places of interests
C. Germans, places of interest D。 Germen, places of interest。
5。 Two __________ and five __________ are studying Chinese at Beijing University.
A. German, English B. Germans, English
C。 Germans, Englishmen D. Germen, Englishmen
复合名词
1. The delicious dishes are cooked by __________.