医学英语写作与翻译
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第三部分 医学英语的写作
任务一 标题的写作（Title）
标题的结构
1. 名词+介词
Blindness（视觉缺失） after Treatment for Malignant Hypertension
2. 名词+分词
Unilateral Neurogenic Pruritus Following Stroke
中风后单侧神经性瘙痒
3. 名词+不定式
Suggestion to Abolish Icterus Index Determination（黄疸指数测定）
where Quantitative Bilirubin Assay（胆红素定量） is Available
建议能做胆红素定量的化验室不再做黄疸指数测定
4. 名词+同位语
Gentamicine, a Selelctive Agent for the isolation of Betahemolytic
Streptoccociβ-溶血性链球菌
庆大霉素是分离β-溶血性链球菌的选择性药物
5. 名词+从句
Evidence that the V-sis Gene Product Transforms by Interaction with
the Receptor for Platelet-derived Growth Factor血小板源性生长因子.
V-sis 基因产物由血小板生成因子受体相互作用而转化的依据
6. 动名词短语
Preventing Stroke in patients with Atrial Fibrillation心房纤维性颤动
心旁纤颤患者中风预防
Detecting Acute Myocardial Infarction（急性心肌梗死）by
Radio-immunoassay for Creative Kinase（酐激酶）
用放射免疫法测定酐激酶诊断急性心肌梗死
7. 介词短语
On Controlling Rectal Cancer
8. 陈述句
Dietary Cholesterol is Co-carcinogenic协同致癌因素 for Human
Colon Cancer
9. 疑问句
Home or Hospital Births
Is Treatment of Borderline Hypertension Good or Bad?
注意副标题的作用
1．数目：Endoluminal Stent-graft 带支架腔内搭桥for Aortic
Aneurysms动脉瘤: A report of 6 cases
带支架腔内搭桥治疗动脉瘤的六例报告
2．重点：Aorto-arteritis 大动脉炎Chest X-ray Appearance and Its
Clinical Significance
大动脉炎胸部X线表现及临床意义
3．方法： Gallstone Ileus（胆结石梗阻）: A Retrospective Study
4．作用： Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Breast-cancer Tissue: A useful
prognostic indictor
乳腺癌组织中癌胚抗原—— 一种有用的预后指示
5．疑问： Unresolved—Do drinkers have less coronary heart disease?
6．连载顺序： Physical and Chemical Studies of Human Blood Serum:
II. A study of miscellaneous Disease conditions
人类血清的理论研究：II. 多种病例的研究
7．时间： A Collaborative 综合Study of Burn Nursing in China:
1995-1999
常见标题句式举例
1. 讨论型： Discussion of/ on; An approach to; A probe into;
Investigation of; Evaluation of / on
汉语中的“初步体会”、“试论”、“浅析”之类的谦辞可以不译。直接表达本意。
2. 观察、报告、结果型： An observation/ Observations of / on/in
3. 调查类： Survey of / on
4. 体会经验类: Experience in / with； Reflection on
5. 总结综述：Summary of/ Experience of ; Review of
6. 问题型：Problem of ; Some Aspects on
7. 探究： Study of/ on / in; Probe into; Exploration of
8. 报告：Report of / on
9. 药物治疗和非药物治疗： … in the Treatment of …; Management
of …; Treatment ... with..; Use of … in the treatment of … Therapy of /
for … by …
10．诊断： … in the diagnosis of … ; Detection of … in … Diagnosis of …
by/ with … Detection of … by … Application of … to the diagnosis of …
练习
1. 判断下列标题的书写格式是否正确
- Treatment of Psoriasis by hemodialysis（不对）
- Asthma in a Vietnamese refugee population（不对）
- Management of Hypertension in diabetes（不对）
- Does the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Involve the Autonomic Nervous
system? （不对）
- Treatment of macroprolactinoma with cabergoline: A study of 85
Patients（不对）
- Clinical Observation on 342 Cases with Allergic Rhinitis鼻炎（对）
2. 在下列英文标题中识别关键词、分析结构并翻译。
- Sudden cardiac death：Clinic pathologic investigation of 51 cases
心脏性猝死51例临床病理探讨
- Paranthyroidectomy in Chronic Renal Failure: Survey of 38 Cases
慢性肾功能衰竭的甲状旁腺切除疗法38例调查
- Recent Experience with Bacillemia菌血症 due to Gram-negative
Organisms.
治疗革兰氏阴性杆菌血症的新体会
- Treatment for Malignant Hypertension: An Experience of 35 Cases
35例恶性高血压治疗总结
-Certain Problems of the Surgical Treatment of Hyperparathyroidism.
甲状旁腺机能亢进手术治疗的几个问题
- Platelet Function Studies in Heart Disease
心脏病患者血小板功能的研究
- A Report of Rosai-Dorfman
腮腺肿块性病报告
- Use of Steroid （类固醇）in the Treatment of Clinical Septic Shock
皮质激素治疗败血症休克
- Treatment of Psoriasis by Hemodialysis
血液透析治疗牛皮癣
- Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Gallstones.
胆石症超声波诊断
3. 请把下列句子改写成名词性短语标题（noun phrase titles）
- Thyroid cancer is a late consequence of head-neck irradiation
改为：Thyroid cancer as a late consequence of head-neck irradiation
- Coronary heart disease: Overweight and obesity are risk factors
改为：Coronary heart disease: Overweight and obesity as risk factors
- High blood pressure is a side effect of drugs, poisons, and food
改为：High blood pressure: A side effect of drugs, poisons, and food
- High uric acid serves as an indicator of cardiovascular disease
改为：High uric acid as an indicator of cardiovascular disease
- Prostaglandins serve as mediators of inflammation
改为：Prostaglandins as mediators of inflammation
任务二 引言的写作（Introduction）
引言的构成
阅读下列引言,分析其构成部分并概括每一部分的大意。
Helicobacter pylori(Hp幽门杆菌) is considered to be the main
aetiological agent发病原因 of the most common form of chronic
gastritis]胃炎 in the adult population—type B gastritis. Type B
gastritis is localized in the antrum窦, 腔, 房 and pylorus幽门,
whereas type A gastritis, the classic autoimmune gastritis, mainly
occurs in the fundus 底部. H pylori positive chronic gastritis of the
antrum has been found to be closely related to duodenal十二指肠
ulcer and can lead to gastric atrophy萎缩, a precursor 前兆of gastric
