2024届四川省成都市石室中学高三下学期高考适应性考试（二）英语试卷一、阅读理解What is the definition of a dumpling? In its most basic sense, it’s a pocket of flour filled with some form of tasty stuffing. And the easy ideas are surely the best. Dumplings are a popular food across the globe: both simple and complex, local and global, adaptable yet fixed in their home regions. Here are 4 of our favorites around the world to get your mouth watering.XiaolongbaoServed steamed in bamboo baskets, Xiaolongbao look different from other types of Chinese dumplings, as the skin is gathered at the top instead of folded in half. Xiaolongbao are also unique in that aside from the traditional pork filling, a small piece of aspic (肉冻) is folded into the dumpling, which melts when steamed. Thanks to the thick soup, the filling stays juicy and flavorful.RavioliItaly is the home of filled pasta, and ravioli is one of its most famous offerings. Ravioli can be packed with anything from meat to cheese to vegetables, or any combination thereof. If the processed canned or bagged varieties familiar to lazy college students make up your only impression of ravioli, change that as soon as possible, preferably with a trip to Rome.Sichuan spicy wontonThe spicy Sichuan wonton, or Chaoshou, comes to the table in spicy chili oil flavored with Sichuan pepper. The Chaoshou is boiled, and the very best ones are so slippery that they’re nearly impossible to pick up with chopsticks. The combination of tasty meat, smooth wonton skin and tongue-numbing oil, makes for the most pleasant runny nose you’ve ever had.SiomaySiomay, a steamed fish dumpling, is closely related to the Chinese dim sum snack, shumai. Think of Siomay as the Indonesian street food version of shumai, which is traditionally found in Chinese dim sum restaurants. Adopted from Chinese Indonesian cuisine, the most popular variant of Siomay is found in Bandung. The best way to sample these dumplings is from a street sellercarrying a steamer on his bicycle.1．Why are Xiaolongbao different from other Chinese dumplings?A．They are served in bamboo baskets.B．The skin is typically folded in half.C．They are traditionally filled with pork.D．They become juicy when cooked.2．What can be learned about the dumplings mentioned?A．Canned Ravioli is preferred in Rome.B．Chaoshou features its smooth skin.C．Siomay is found in Chinese restaurants.D．Shumai is a street food in Bandung. 3．What is the purpose of this text?A．To present ways of making dumplings.B．To promote Chinese food and culture.C．To explore global dumpling diversities.D．To introduce popular street snacks.I fell in love with rhinos when I worked in a zoo in the 80s, and spent much of the next 20 years as the keeper of the largest captive (圈养) group of rare black rhinos.There’s a popular misconception that rhinos are aggressive and stupid, but I discovered sensitive, affectionate animals. Weighing over a ton, black rhinos are unexpectedly swift and have an unpredictable nature — but, given reassurance, they can be very trusting. In the past few decades, their numbers have dropped dramatically. In recent years, I’ve helped look after rhinos being moved to animal shelters, so they can form new populations in countries that have few left.Last year, I helped on a project to fly five black rhinos from a private reserve in South Africa to the Serengeti National Park. Once there, the animals had to be kept captive for a few weeks to adapt to the new environment, in which time they lived in bomas — wooden enclosures (围场) with bedrooms, designed to create a calm space.A couple of weeks before their planned release, the sky filled with smoke. Watching the flames rushing through the bush toward the bomas, I froze. Terrified that it would catch fire, my instinct was to release the rhinos, but they hadn’t yet been fitted with transmitters (信号传送器). If I let them out into a bushfire and they were injured, we’d have great difficulty tracking them down.So I rushed back to the bomas and called the rhinos to the bedrooms. Sensing the fear in my voices, they moved without hesitation and remained astonishingly calm. It was crucial the rhinos didn’t panic — they can easily hurt each other if they do.Meanwhile, the keepers managed to beat the closest flames away. At last, after half an hour, the wind changed direction and the fire began to die down.That we and the rhinos had escaped uninjured was a miracle. The teamwork of everybody there played a large part, and the rhinos were very much a part of that team. The relationships we’d built with them had proved crucial — had they or we panicked, all our work would have been in vain. Instead, two weeks later, they were released into the wild, ready to found part of a new population in the Serengeti.4．What kind of animals does the author think rhinos are?A．Mild giants.B．Aggressive killers.C．Unfriendly creatures.D．Reliable companions.5．What can we infer from the passage?A．Black rhinos can easily get along well with human beings.B．Measures have been taken to save black rhinos from extinction.C．Black rhinos cannot survive if they aren’t kept captive in bomas.D．The black rhino population has sharply decreased due to bushfire.6．Why didn’t the author let the rhinos out in the bushfire?A．They would panic and hurt each other.B．It could be difficult to locate and find them.C．They showed signs of anger and aggression.D．They might fail to adapt to new environments.7．What is the best title of this passage?A．Saving the Rhinos.B．Rush to Assumption.C．A Bushfire Rescue.D．A Bond Beyond Words.The first transplant surgery to combine a mechanical (机械的) heart pump as well as a gene-edited pig kidney has recently been completed at NYU Langone Health.The subject, 54-year-old Lisa Pisano of New Jersey, had heart failure and end-stage kidney disease. But she couldn’t have a standard heart or kidney transplant because of certain medical conditions and an overall lack of donor organs in the US. According to the Organ Transplantation Network, roughly 27,000 kidneys were transplanted last year, but nearly 89,000 people were on the waiting list for those organs.Pisano got the heart pump on April 4 and then, on April 12, received a pig kidney, which was gene-edited to help keep the human body from recognizing the animal’s organ as foreign and rejecting it. “The editing process was to disrupt a gene responsible for the production of a sugar found on the surface of animal cells called alpha-gal, which can be recognized by human antibodies (抗体) and attacked,” said Dr. Robert Montgomery, director of the NYU Langone Transplant Institute, who led the surgery.Montgomery noted that the gene edits used in the pig in this case are much simpler than those used in other transplants. “We’re going to have an opportunity to really address the problem that we’re trying to address, which is the scarcity of organs, and the more complex the gene edits, the less likely it is that you’ll be able to produce those edits into a pig group. You would have to clone every pig for each organ. That is not something that can be easily achieved. So, we feel like less is more in this case.”“Pisano has a long way to go and we are watching out for rejections,” he said, “but her kidney is functioning beautifully, and her heart is in much better shape. What previously existed in science fiction is now a reality.” Doctors expect that she might be discharged within a month. 8．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A．The difficulties Pisano encountered.B．The way of transplanting organs.C．The significance of human antibodies.D．The function of gene-editing.9．What does the underlined word “scarcity” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A．Complexity.B．Expense.C．Shortage.D．Simplicity. 10．How did Montgomery feel about the outcome of the surgery?A．Worried.B．Grateful.C．Confused.D．Optimistic. 11．What type of writing is the text?A．A news report.B．An academic paper.C．A personal story.D．Science fiction.It has always been assumed that noise is a problem unique to animals. But a new study by Dr. Ravandi, a botanist at Shahid Beheshti University in Tehran, has revealed that plants suffer too.That plants can be affected indirectly by noise pollution has never been in doubt. What has remained unknown is whether or not plants themselves suffer directly from noise pollution.Sounds are pressure waves transmitted (传播) through gases, liquids and solids. Scientists have previously assumed plants may be able to sense these waves as they are struck by them. A number of experiments have confirmed this in recent years — plants exposed to ultrasound in the lab have shown a range of negative responses including the expression of stress-related genes, slow growth and reduced seed development.Yet exposing plants to ultrasound is not the same as growing them in the presence of actual traffic noise. To this end, Dr. Ravandi decided to set up an experiment to explore it.Working with a team, Dr. Ravandi grew two species in his lab that are commonly found in urban environments — marigolds and sage. The plants, grown from seed and allowed to mature for two months in the same space, were divided into two groups. One group was exposed to 73 decibels (分贝) of traffic noise recorded from a busy motorway in Tehran for 16 hours a day. The other group was left to grow in silence. After 15 days had passed, samples were taken from the youngest fully expanded leaves on every plant in the experiment and studied.None of the plants exposed to the traffic noise did well. Analysis of their leaves revealed all of them were suffering. Chemical compounds (化合物), such as hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and malondialdehyde (MDA) , are indicators of stress in plants and both were found at much higher levels in the plants exposed to the traffic noise. Most notably, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the sage plants exposed to noise were double what they were in those grown in silence and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) levels were three times higher in marigolds grown with the noise than those grown in silence.Dr. Ravandi’s findings make it clear that, though plants lack ears, the vibrations (震动) generated by the noise of traffic still bother them enough to give rise to dramatic stress responses that are not much different to those that would be found in plants exposed to drought, highly concentrated salt or heavy metals in their soil.The question now arises whether all species are affected similarly by noise pollution. Nature is not silent. It remains a mystery if certain plant species have developed mechanisms to address noise pollution, which could potentially be transferred to urban plants in the future. 12．What did the new study focus on?A．Plants’ exposure to ultrasound.B．Plants’ sensitivity to pressure waves.C．The direct impact of noise pollution on plants.D．The seed development of plants grown with noise.13．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?A．The facilities of the experiment.B．The analyses of the experiment.C．The process of the experiment.D．The background of the experiment. 14．What do we know about the findings?A．Noise pollution had a little impact on plant leaves.B．Noise-exposed plants showed certain levels of stress.C．MDA levels in sage plants grown in silence were higher.D．Traffic noise caused rapid pressure responses in all plants.15．Which might be the potential significance of the findings?A．Building barriers to protect plants from traffic pollution.B．Studying the relationship between soil quality and plant health.C．Exploring strategies to preserve plant ecosystems in rural areas.D．Developing noise-resistant plant species for an urban environment.Having thousands of photographs, songs, and films available at our fingertips would have seemed amazing just a few decades ago. 16 Could the digitalisation of cultural objects put a time limit on our memories?The materials phones and computers are made of can decay (腐烂) over time, impacting the data that they store. 17 Yet when digital data is destroyed, it can quickly make it impossible to even open a file. Also, as formats and devices become out of date, it may become impossible to read files from previous decades.18 Large companies can still lose data. In 2019, social media platform MySpaceadmitted losing over 12 years’ worth of users’ music uploads. The widespread use of streaming services for music, TV, and film means people no longer own the content that they watch and listen to. They just pay for the right to access it, which is called licensing. If streaming companies decide to remove content, or go out of business, users will lose access.Licensing rather than purchasing content is an example of how our behavior towards digital content has changed. Another example is that we take far more pictures than people did in the past.19 And we must also consider what to keep and what to delete.So, what can we do? Technology writer Jack Schofield said that “data doesn’t exist unless you have at least two copies of it”. 20 Academic Paul Royster suggests that we should all take time to consider what content we personally believe is worth saving. Perhaps the answer is just to avoid digital altogether. Science and Technology writer Chris Baranaiuk calls for a cultural movement towards buying analogue (实体的) copies of cultural content.A．This adds to the challenge of keeping our data safe.B．But how long will these files last for and be available?C．Storing information in the cloud can also help preserve it.D．Images can still be seen in discolored physical photographs.E．Storing your uploads on a cloud service can present problems as well.F．However, it’s common presently thanks to technological advancements.G．So it’s important that we keep backup copies of what is important to us.二、完形填空Talk to any “successful” person and you’ll quickly realize success doesn’t come suddenly. First comes 21 , and it takes perseverance to 22 past the discouragement it brings.Popular actress Meryl Streep has been winning awards since the 1980’s. Yet, she shares a story from before she 23 .Before she earned herself the 24 of “the best actress of her generation”, she had to 25 her own insecurities and setbacks. Meryl says, “I didn’t have 26 in my beauty when I was young.” So, imagine how disappointing it was for a (an) 27 actress to bedenied by a major role based 28 on her looks!It was the mid-1970’s, and Meryl Streep was struggling to make a 29 for herself. Certainly the young actress was 30 excited when she was 31 to meet a major Italian film producer. But as Meryl walked into his office, he turned and asked, “Who brings me this 32 thing?”Had she accepted this 33 opinion as fact and considered herself “too ugly” to ever succeed in Hollywood, Meryl Streep would have never become a 34 name. “I think the most liberating thing I did early on was to 35 myself from any concern with my looks,” Meryl says. “For an actress, worrying about appearance is a horrible, horrible 36 .”Meryl refused to 37 her dream, and she’s since enjoyed a 38 that’s spanned several decades. The actress has won 2 Emmy’s, 8 Golden Globes and 3 Oscars, among many others, and currently holds the 39 record for the most Academy Award acting nominations (提名).Meryl bravely chose not to place her focus on her looks but on her 40 . Failure is part of life. But when we do encounter it, it’s important to fight on.21．A．failure B．trouble C．recognition D．prejudice 22．A．soldier on B．move on C．take on D．call on 23．A．made it big B．set it aside C．put it down D．got it over 24．A．possession B．reputation C．fame D．title 25．A．tolerate B．criticize C．perceive D．battle 26．A．wisdom B．confidence C．trust D．consideration 27．A．courageous B．premier C．ambitious D．learned 28．A．previously B．merely C．randomly D．subsequently 29．A．fortune B．living C．name D．difference 30．A．incredibly B．literally C．hardly D．secretly 31．A．guaranteed B．invited C．suggested D．motivated 32．A．rare B．rigid C．ugly D．proud 33．A．misunderstood B．misapplied C．misguided D．misaimed 34．A．household B．leading C．relevant D．optimistic35．A．free B．stop C．keep D．prevent 36．A．phrase B．trap C．quote D．restriction 37．A．give over to B．give up on C．give away at D．give rise to 38．A．lifetime B．journey C．property D．career 39．A．industry B．world C．respective D．unrealistic 40．A．personality B．commitment C．potentials D．capabilities三、语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
