1990年1月四级真题及答案

1991年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once.After eachquestion there will be pause. During the pause, you must read the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a linethrough the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. There fore, A) “At the office” is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1.A) Bill always comes on time.B) Bill will be on time.C) Bill will be late again.D) Bill won’t come.2.A) They don’t know how to spend the money they have.B) They don’t know how to spend the next two weeks.C) They need money badly.D) They only have part-time jobs.3.A) One.B) Two.C) Three.D) Four.4.A) These figures are not correct.B) These figures are correct.C) These figures are probably correct.D) These figures are probably not correct.5.A) In October.B) In April.C) She isn’t certain.D) Between April and October.6.A) Jane speaks three languages.B) Jane speaks four languages.C) Jane speaks English only.D) Jane does not speak English.7.A) The damage to the store.B) The possible harm to the people nearby.C) The punishment given to the crazy man.D) The reason for the crazy action.8.A) She is going to give up biology.B) She spends half of her time on biology.C) To her, biology is difficult, but math is not.D) To her, math is even more difficult than biology.9.A) There was a shower.B) There was a car accident.C) There was a fire.D) There was a heavy snow.10.A) They are very rewarding.B) They are too easy.C) They are inexpensive.D) They are not worth the trouble.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 14 based on the passage you have just heard.11.A) The speaker’s friend.B) The speaker.C) The friend’s mother.D) The mother’s friend.12.A) They are strangers.B) They are neighbours.C) They are friends.D) They are old schoolmates.13.A) To return the shoes to the store.B) To pay the manager a visit.C) To buy more of the 12-dollar shoes.D) To complain about the price of the shoes.14.A) 12 dollarsB) 20 dollarsC) Less than 12 dollarsD) More than 12 dollarsPassage TwoQuestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15.A) Short and cool.B) Long and cool.C) Long and hot.D) Short and hot.16.A) Because the price was too high.B) Because Alaska has an extremely cold winter.C) Because they thought Alaska was a useless land.D) Because the climatic difference there is too great.17.A) No, only a few became rich.B) No, none became rich.C) No, very few people had actually found gold.D) Yes, hundreds of thousands of people became rich.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18.A) She was driving along a country road.B) She was lying near a lonely road, trembling.C) She was lying in a hospital bed.D) She was telling an astonishing story to a doctor.19.A) She fainted due to the effects of some drug.B) She was stopped by a policeman and treated rudely.C) She was attacked by robbers.D) She was stopped and forced to enter a flying saucer.20.A) The women made up an astonishing story.B) The women had intended to leave her husband without a word.C) The women had been taken over a thousand miles away from her home.D) The women had been dishonest to her husband.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choiceand mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.The aim of the teacher is to get his pupils as quickly as possible over the period inwhich each printed symbol is looked at for its shape, and arrive at the stage when the pupil looks at words and phrases, for their meaning, almost without noticing the shapes of the separate letters.When a good reader is at work he does not look at letters, nor even at words, one by one however quickly; he takes in the meaning of two, three, or four words at a time, in a single moment. Watch carefully the eyes of a person who is reading, and it will be seen that they do not travel smoothly along the lines of print, but they move by jumps separated by very short stops. The eyes of a very good reader move quickly, taking long jumps and making very short halts(停顿); the eyes of a poor reader move more slowly, taking only short jumps and stopping longer at each halt. Sometimes, when he meets a difficulty, he even goes backwards to see again what has already been looked at once.The teacher’s task is therefore clear: it is to train his pupils to take in several words at a glance (one eye-jump’) and to remove the necessity for going backwards to read something a second time.This shows at once that letter-by-letter, or syllable-by-syllable, or word-by-word reading, with the finger pointing to the word, carefully fixing each one in turn, is wrong. It is wrong because such a method ties the pupil’s eyes down to a very short jump, and the aim is to train for the long jump. Moreover, a very short jump is too short to provide any meaning or sense; and it will be found that having struggled with three or four words separately, the pupil has to look at them again, all together and in one group, in order to get the meaning of the whole phrase.21.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the first paragraph?A) Pupils should be trained to reach quickly the stage of reading without having toconcentrate on the separate symbols.B) Pupils should look at each printed symbol for its meaning as well as for itsshape.C) Teachers should help their pupils avoid looking at the shape of the printedsymbols.D) Teachers should tell their pupils the different stages of their study.22.In a single moment, a good reader picks up ________.A) several wordsB) several phrasesC) several sentencesD) several lines23.According to the passage, which of the following is FALSE?A) The eyes of a good reader make short halts and long jumps.B) The eyes of a bad reader take in the meaning of one word at a time.C) The eyes of a bad reader take only short jumps.D) The eyes of a good reader move steadily.24.One may have to read something a second time if ________.A) there is enough timeB) one reads too fastC) the passage is very longD) one reads word by word25.The main idea of the last paragraph is that ________.A) word-by-word reading is highly inefficientB) the pupil’s eyes should focus on groups of syllables instead of single syllablesC) pupils have to move their eyes back and forth when readingD) finger pointing in reading helps the pupil concentrate on meaningPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Television has changed the lifestyle of people in every Industrialized country in the world.In the United States,where sociologists have studied the effects,some interesting observations have been made.Television, although not essential, has become an important part of most people’s lives. It alters peoples’ ways of seeing the world; in many ways, it supports and sustains (维持)modern life.Television has become a baby-sitter,an introducer of conversations, the major transmitter of culture, a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer; the poor quality of programming does not elevate(提高) people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs.Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible, to do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging.Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago. The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.26.According to the author American television is poor in quality because ________.A) advertisers are interested in experimenting with new ideasB) it is still at an early stage of development, compared with the radioC) the programs have to be developed in the interests of the sponsors for economicreasonsD) it is controlled by radio companies27.The second paragraph is mainly about ________.A) TV as the sustainer of American lifeB) TV as the major transmitter of cultureC) the educational effect of TV on societyD) the strong influence and the poor quality of American TV28.In the author’s view American TV should ________.A) be critical but entertainingB) be creative and educationalC) change with the development of societyD) attract as many viewers as possible29.The author believes that television in the United States has become important tomost people because ________.A) it promotes family unityB) it helps them develop their speaking abilityC) it affects their life in many waysD) it challenges society30.The author’s attitude towards American television is ________.A) criticalB) praisingC) doubtfulD) sympatheticPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.“... We are not about to enter the Information Age but instead are rather well into it.” Present predictions are that by 1990, about thirty million jobs in the United States, or about thirty percent of the job market, will be computer-related. In 1980, only twenty-one percent of all United States high schools owned one or more computers for student use.In the fall of1985,a new survey revealed that half of United States secondary schools have fifteen or more computers for student use. And now educational experts, administrators, and even the general public are demanding that all students become “computer literate (慢点…的).” “By the year 2000 knowledge of computers will be necessary in over eighty percent of all occupations. Soon those people not educated in computer use will be compared to those who are print illiterate today.”What is “computer literacy”? The term itself seems to imply soon extent of “knowing” about computers, but knowing what. The current opinion seems to be that this should include a general knowledge of what computers are, plus a little of their history and something of how they operate.Therefore, it is vital that educators everywhere take a careful look not only at what is being done, but also at what should be done in the field of computer education. Today most adults are capable of utilising a motor vehicle without the slightest knowledge of how the internal-combustion engine works. We effectively use all types of electrical equipment without being able to tell their histories or to explain how they work. Business people for years have made good use of typewriters and adding machines, yet few have ever known how to repair them. Why, then, attempt to teach computers by teaching how or why they work?Rather, we first must concentrate on teaching the effective use of the computer as the tool is.“Knowing how to use a computer is what’s going to be important, we don’t talk about ‘automobile literacy. ‘ We just get in our cars and drive them.”31.In 1990, the number of jobs having nothing to do with computers in the UnitedStates will be reduced to ________.A) 79 millionB) 30 millionC) 70 millionD) 100 million32.The expression “Print illiterate” (Para. 1, Line 16) refers to ________.A) one who has never learnt printingB) one who is not computer literateC) one who has never learnt to readD) one who is not able to use a typewriter33.The first paragraph is mainly about ________.A) recent predictions of computer-related jobsB) the wide use of computers in schoolsC) the urgency of computer educationD) public interest in computers34.According to the author, the effective way to spread the use of computers is toteach ________.A) what computers areB) how to use computersC) where computers can be usedD) how computers work35.Which of the following statements is FALSE?A) What to teach about computers should be reconsidered.B) Those who are not educated in computer use will find it difficult to get a job.C) Human society has already entered the Information Age.D) Those who want to use computers should know how computers operate.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Editor:While a new school term is about to begin, perhaps we should reconsider the matter of examinations.In July,two writers(Letters to the Editor)praised the cancellation of exams because they believe “tests don’t tell the whole story.”As a teacher who has worked in four countries, I have had the experience that a student who earns good marks is generally a good student, and that a student’s final mark in a subject is usually a grade average of the year’s work. Of course there are exceptions, but they do not have the frequency that would give an unfair picture of a student’s ability.The simple fact is that proper class work, diligent exam studies and good marks are almost certain indicators of a student’s future performance. The opposite, almost certainly, incompetence.There is no acceptable substitute for competition and examination of quality. How can teachers and future officials determine what a student has learned and remembered? Should we simply take the student word for it? Any institution that “liberates” students from fair and formal exams is misguided, if not ignorant. And surely the “graduates” of such institutions will lack trustworthiness, not to mention being rejected by foreign universities for graduate or other studies.When all is said and done, I sense that a fear of failure and a fear of unpleasant comparison with others is at the bottom of most ban-exams (废除考试) talk. Excellenceand quality fear nothing.On the contrary,they seek competition and desire the satisfaction of being the best.36.Which of the following will the author of this passage probably agree with?A) Tests are not effective in measuring the students’ abilities.B) Tests are an effective measure of the students’ abilities.C) Tests can only measure some of the students’ abilities.D) Tests may not be useful for measuring students’ abilities.37.The two writers mentioned in the first paragraph ________.A) opposed judging students by the results of examsB) must have proposed other ways of testing studentsC) regarded exams as a way of punishing studentsD) seem to be worried about the poor marks of their students38.According to the letter, a student’s final mark ________.A) is often encouragingB) often gives a fair picture of the year’s workC) often proves unreliableD) often tells whether he likes the subject of not39.If a student graduated from a university which does not require exams he would________.A) have to continue his studiesB) have a feeling of failureC) be incompetentD) not be admitted by foreign institutions40.According to the letter, those who dislike the idea of examinations are probablyafraid of ________.A) competing with other studentsB) being graded unfairlyC) working too hardD) being dismissed from schoolPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer thatbest completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet with a single line through the centre.41.It is not difficult to________the idea that machines may communicateinformation to us.A) admitB) receiveC) acceptD) convince42.I have not the least ________ of hurting your feelings.A) conceptB) intentionC) mindD) purpose43.As the shortage of certain metals approaches, others must be found to take their________.A) shareB) placeC) roleD) shape44.The new power station is reported ________ within three years.A) to have completedB) to have been completedC) having Been completedD) to complete45.Mary is in bed with a fever and she can’t hope to ________ the cold in a few day.A) get overB) get awayC) get offD) get out46.Although the weather was very had, the buses still ran on ________.A) listB) planC) scheduleD) arrangement47.The situation today is obviously quite different from ________ it was only 50years ago.A) whatB) whichC) whenD) such48.Soon, Americans hope, the rains will return and ease the hardship ________ U.S.farmers.A) facedB) facesC) facingD) to face49.Ever since the family moved to the suburbs last year, they ________ better health.A) could have enjoyedB) have been enjoyingC) had enjoyedD) are enjoying50.It is much easier to talk about social change than to ________.A) bring it onB) bring it aboutC) burning it upD) bring it out51.Jane was hit on the head by the robber and was knocked ________.A) mindlessB) unawareC) brainlessD) unconscious52.He likes doing some reading at home to the cinema.A) than to goB) than goingC) more than goingD) rather than to go53.________neglecting our education,my father sent my brother and me to asummer school.A) Accused ofB) Accusing ofC) That he was accused ofD) To be accused of54.I bought a new house last year, but I ________ my old house yet, so at the momentI have two houses.A) did not sellB) do not sellC) had not soldD) have not sold55.She didn’t regret paying 200 dollars for the bookcase. As a matter or a fact, shewould gladly have paid ________ for it.A) as much twiceB) much as twiceC) as twice muchD) twice as much56.By the time you get to Beijing tomorrow, I ________ for Shanghai.A) am leavingB) should have leftC) will leaveD) have already left57.It was essential that all the necessary documents ________ to the president’s officebeing the end of this month.A) be handed inB) must be handed inC) shouldD) had been handed in58.The car is quite ________ of petrol.A) economicB) economicalC) savingD) sparing59.The traffic was very heavy; otherwise I ________ here 50 minutes sooner.A) would beB) should beC) had beenD) would have been60.________ his great wealth, he always remained a man of simple tastes.A) Except forB) With regard toC) DespiteD) Although61.The socks were too small and it was only by ________ them that he managed toget them on.A) spreadingB) extendingC) lengtheningD) stretchingnguage can be defined as a tool by which human beings ________ with oneanother.A) associateB) connectC) communicateD) correspond63.As a small boy, he was slow ________ learning to read and write.A) onB) withC) inD) about64.Tony was ________ a mile of the hotel when he ran out of petrol.A) withinB) insideC) aboutD) off65.It has been rather costly to install the machinery, but it will prove to be worth themoney ________.A) in the long runB) in conclusionC) at long lastD) at the end66.I don’t know why he ________ in the middle of a sentence.A) broke offB) broke outC) broke throughD) broke away67.I’m sorry Andy didn’t want to go to the conference. ________ willing to go wewould have paid all his expenses.A) BeingB) Was heC) He had beenD) Had he been68.The minister was the person ________.A) whom the state dinner was given in honourB) for whom the state dinner was given honourC) whose honour the state dinner was givenD) in whose honour the state dinner was given69.The young driver looked over the engine carefully lest it ________ on the way.A) goes wrongB) would go wrongC) went wrongD) should go wrong70.John had been working hard and ________.A) so his brother hadB) so had his brotherC) so was his brotherD) so his brother didPart IV Close (15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. Youshould choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Albert Einstein is said to have been asked by a student, “what finding helped you most when you were __71__ the theory of relativity?” Einstein replied without __72__ moment’s hesitation. “Finding how to __73__ about the problem.”The same __74__ is told about Sir Isaac Newton and __75__ other scientists. We have no proof __76__ any of these well-known conversations __77__ took place, but we are prepared to __78__ that they did, and, if so, that the __79__ was the same one Einstein gave, __80__ this is the “way scientists work __81__ science progresses.”Scientists usually work toward models of the process of structure they are studying. __82__ we have models of the structure __83__ the universe and of the atom, models of the process __84__ which the genetic (遗传的) pattern is passed from one building block of life to __85__ models of the economic system and __86__ on. Some models are mathematical, but a __87__ does not have to have equations (方程) or even diagrams; the __88__ requirement is no doubt that it __89__ an insight (洞察) into the relationships that determine __90__ something works as it does or how it is put together.71.A) designingB) inventingC) revealingD) developing72.A) aB) theC) anD) some73.A) knowB) learnC) thinkD) argue74.A) eventB) newsC) storyD) information75.A) anyB) moreC) fewD) several76.A) thatB) sinceC) whichD) as77.A) naturallyB) actuallyC) eventuallyD) regularly78.A) forgetB) considerC) believeD) realize79.A) questionB) answerC) conversationD) topic80.A) althoughB) becauseC) unlessD) once81.A) whileB) orC) andD) but82.A) OtherwiseB) NeverthelessC) StillD) Thus83.A) ofB) inC) withD) over84.A) forB) byC) onD) to85.A) eitherB) otherC) bothD) another86.A) soB) laterC) furtherD) straight87.A) structureB) patternC) processD) model88.A) urgentB) importantC) originalD) unnecessary89.A) provideB) will provideC) providedD) is provided90.A) whenB) whatC) whyD) whetherPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition about “Bicycle – An Important Means of Transport in China”. You shouldbase your composition on the following outline:1.为什么自行车在中国这样普及。

大学英语六级考试1990年1月试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A1. A) Read four chapters. B) Write an article.C) Speak before the class. D) Preview two chapters.2. A) The woman is being interviewed by a reporter.B) The woman is asking for a promotion.C) The woman is applying for a job.D) The woman is being given an examination.3. A) His car was hit by another car.B) He was hurt while playing volleyball.C) He fell down the stairs.D) While crossing the street, he was hit by a car.4. A) Took a photo of him.B) Bought him a picture.C) Held a birthday party.D) Bought him a frame for his picture.5. A) No medicine could solve the woman’s problem.B) The woman should eat less to lose some weight.C) Nothing could help the woman if she ate too little.D) The woman should choose the right foods.6. A) He meant she should make a phone call if anything went wrong.B) He meant for her just to wait till help came.C) He was afraid something would go wrong with her carD) He promised to give her help himself.7. A) No, he missed it. B) Yes, he did.C) No, he didn’t D) Yes, he probably did.8. A) He has edited three books.B) He has bought the wrong book.C) He has lost half of his money.D) He has found the book that will be used.9. A) At 7:30. B) At 8:30. C) At 9:00. D) At 9:3010. A) Six. B) Seven. C) Eight. D) Nine.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) They often take place in her major industries.B) British trade unions are more powerful,.C) There are more trade union members in Britain.D) Britain loses more working days through strikes every year.12. A) Such strikes are against the British law.B) Such strikes are unpredictable.C) Such strikes involve workers from different trades.D) Such strikes occur frequently these days.13. A) Trade unions in Britain are becoming more popular.B) Most strikes in Britain are against the British law.C) Unofficial strikes in Britain are easier to deal with now.D) Employer- worker relations in Britain have become tenser.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) The victory over one's fellow runners.B) The victory over former winners.C) The victory of will- power over fatigue.D) The victory of one's physical strength.15. A) The runner who runs to keep fit.B) The runner who breaks the record.C) The runner who does not break the rules.D) The runner who covers the whole distance.16. A) He won the first prize. B) He died because of fatigue.C) He fell behind the other runners. D) He gave up because he was tired.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just beard.17. A) 17,000. B) 1,700. C) 24. D) 9,000.18. A) It's located in a college town.B) It's composed of a group of old buildings.C) Its classrooms are beautifully designed.D) Its library is often crowded with students.19. A) Teachers are well paid at Deep Springs:B) Students are mainly from New York State.C) The length of schooling is two years.D) Teachers needn't pay for their rent and meals.20. A) Take a walk in the desert. B) Go to a cinema.C) Watch TV programmes. D) Attend a party.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Passage OneQuestions 21 to 24 are based on the following passage:Automation refers to the introduction of electronic control and automatic operation of pro- ductive machinery. It reduces the human factors, mental and physical, in production, and is de- signed to make possible the manufacture of more goods with fewer workers. The development of automation in American industry has been called the "Second Industrial Revolution".Labour's concern over automation arises from uncertainty about the effects on employ- ment, and fears of major changes in jobs. In the main, labour has taken the view that resistance to technical change is unfruitful. Eventually, the result of automation may well be an increase inemployment, since it is expected that vast industries will grow up around manufacturing, main- taining, and repairing automation equipment. The interest of labour lies in bringing about the transition with a minimum of inconvenience and distress to the workers involved. AI~, union spokesmen emphasize that the benefit of the increased production and lower costs made possible by automation should be shared by workers in the form of higher wages, more leisure, and improved living standards.To protect the interests of their members in the era of automation, unions have adopted a number of new policies. One of these is the promotion of supplementary unemployment benefit plans. It is emphasized that since the employer involved in such a plan has a direct financial interest in preventing unemployment, he will have a strong drive for planning new installations so as to cause the least possible problems in jobs and job assignments. Some unions are working for dismissal pay agreements, requiring that permanently dismissed workers be paid a sum of money based on length of service. Another approach is the idea of the "improvement factor", whichcalls for wage increases based on increases in productivity. It is possible, however, that labourwill rely mainly on reduction in working hours in order to gain a full share in the fruits of automation.21. Though labour worries about the effects of automation, it does not doubt thatA) automation will eventually prevent unemploymentB) automation will help workers acquire new skillsC) automation will eventually benefit the workers no less than the employersD) automation is a trend which cannot be stopped22. The idea of the "improvement factor" ( Line 7, Para. 3)probably implies thatA) wages should be paid on the basis of length of serviceB) the benefit of increased production and lower costs should be shared by workersC) supplementary unemployment benefit plans should be promotedD) the transition to automation should be brought about with the minimum of inconvenienceand distress to workers23. In order to get the full benefits of automation, labour will depend mostly onA) additional payment to the permanently dismissed workersB) the increase of wages in proportion to the increase in productivityC) shorter working hours and more leisure timeD) a strong drive for planning new installations24. Which of the following can best sum up the passage?A) Advantages and disadvantages of automation.B) Labour and the effects of automation.C) Unemployment benefit plans and automation.D) Social benefits of automation.Passage TwoQuestions 25 to 30 are based on the following passage:The case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation. All high school graduates ought to go, says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college will help them earn more money, become "better" people, and learn to be more responsi- ble citizens than those who don't go.But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone. And now that close to halfour high school graduates are attending, those who don't fit the pattern are becoming more nu- merous, and more obvious. College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college students interfere with each other's experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school. Others find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out- often encouraged by college administrators.Some observers say the fault is with the young people themselves- they are spoiled and they are expecting too much. But that's a condemnation of the students as a whole, and doesn't explain all campus unhappiness. Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly right. We've been told that young people have to go to college because our economy can't absorb an army of untrained eighteen- year - olds. But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty - two - year - olds, either.Some adventuresome educators and campus watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the comple- tion of high school. We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down, it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. Perhaps college doesn't make people intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, or quick to learn things - maybe it's just the other way around, and intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, quick - learning people are merely the ones who have been attracted to college in the first place. And perhaps all those suc- cessful college graduates would have been successful whether they had gone to college or not. This is heresy(异端邪说) to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if a little schooling is good, more has to be much better. But contrary evidence is beginning to mount up.25. According to the passage, the author believes that __A) people used to question the value of college educationB) people used to have full confidence in higher educationC) all high school graduates went to collegeD) very few high school graduates chose to go to college26. In the 2nd paragraph, "those who don't fit the pattern" refers toA) high school graduates who aren't suitable for college educationB) college graduates who are selling shoes and driving taxisC) college students who aren't any better for their higher educationD) high school graduates who failed to be admitted to college27. The drop- out rate of college students seems to go up becauseA) young people are disappointed with the conventional way of teaching at collegeB) many young people are required to join the armyC) young people have little motivation in pursuing a higher educationD) young people don't like the intense competition for admission to graduate school28. According to the passage the problems of college education partly arise from the fact thatA) society cannot provide enough jobs for properly trained college graduatesB) high school graduates do not fit the pattern of college educationC) too many students have to earn their own livingD) college administrators encourage students to drop out29. In this passage the author argues thatA) more and more evidence shows college education may not be the best thing for highschool graduatesB) college education is not enough if one wants to be successfulC) college education benefits only the intelligent, ambitious, and quick - learning peopleD) intelligent people may learn quicker if they don't go to college30. The "surveys and statistics" mentioned in the last paragraph might have shown thatA) college- educated people are more successful than non - college - educated peopleB) college education was not the first choice of intelligent peopleC) the less schooling a person has the better it is for himD) most people have sweet memories of college lifePassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Ours has become a society of employees. A hundred years or so ago only one out of every five Americans at work was employed, i. e., worked for somebody else. Today only one out of five is not employed but working for himself. And when fifty years ago "being employed" meant working as a factory labourer or as a farmhand, the employee of today is increasingly a middle- class person with a substantial formal education, holding a professional or management job re- quiring intellectual and technical skills. Indeed, two things have characteried American society during these last fifty years: middle - class and upper - class employees have been the fastest- growing groups in our working population- growing so fast that the industrial worker, that old- est child of the Industrial Revolution, has been losing in numerical importance despite the ex- pans/on of industrial production.Yet you will fine little if anything written on what it is to be an employee. You can find a great deal of very dubious advice on how to get a job or how to get a promotion. You can also find a good deal of work in a chosen field, whether it be the mechanist' s trade or bookkeeping (簿记). Every one of these trades requires different skills, sets different standards, and requiresa different preparation. Yet they all have employeeship in common. And increasingly, especially in the large business or in government, employeeship is more important to success than the special professional knowledge or skill. Certainly more people fail because they do not know the requirements of being an employee than because they do not adequately possess the skills of their trade; the higher you climb the ladder, the more you get into administrative or executive work, the greater the emphasis on ability to work within the organization rather than on technical a- bilities or professional knowledge.31. It is implied that fifty years agoA) eighty percent of American working people were employed in factoriesB) twenty percent of American intellectuals were employeesC) the percentage of intellectuals in the total work force was almost the same as that of in-dustrial workersD) the percentage of intellectuals working as employees was not so large as that of industri-al workers32. According to the passage, with the development of modern industry,A) factory labourers will overtake intellectual employees in numberB) there are as many middle - class employees as factory labourersC) employers have attached great importance to factory labourersD) the proportion of factory labourers in the total employee population has decreased33. The word "dubious" ( L. 2, Para. 2) most probably meansA) valuable B) useful C) doubtful D) helpful34. According to the writer, professional knowledge or skill isA) less important than awareness of being a good employeeB) as important as the ability to deal with public relationsC) more important than employer- employee relationsD) as important as the ability to co- operate with others in the organization35. From the passage it can be seen that employeeship helps oneA) to be more successful in his career B) to be more specialized in his fieldC) to solve technical problems D) to develop his professional skillPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:We all know that the normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7 - 8 hours' sleep al- ternating with some 16 - 17 hours' wakefulness and that, broadly speaking, the sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness. Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this cycle can be modified.The question is no mere academic one. The ease, for example, with which people canchange from working in the day to working at night is a question of growing importance in industry where automation calls for round - the- clock working of machines. It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. Unfortunately, it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week; a person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a.m. one week, 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. the next, and 4 p.m. to 12 midnight the third and so on. This means that nosooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so that much of his timeis spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently,The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to a number of permanent night workers. An interesting study of the domestic life and health of night - shift workers was carried out by Brown in 1957. She found a high incidence (发生率) of disturbed sleep and other disorders among those on alternating day and night shifts, but no abnormal occurrence of these phenomena among those on permanent night work.This latter system then appears to be the best long - term policy, but meanwhile something may be done to relieve the strains of alternate day and night work by selecting those people who can adapt most quickly to the changes of routine. One way of knowing when a person has adapt- ed is by measuring his body temperature. People engaged in normal daytime work will have a high temperature during the hours of wakefulness and a low one at night; when they change to night work the pattern will only gradually go back to match the new routine and the speed with which it does so parallels, broadly speaking, the adaptation of the body as a whole, particularlyin terms of performance. Therefore, by taking body temperature at intervals of two hours throughout the period of wakefulness it can be seen how quickly a person can adapt to a re- versed routine, and this could be used as a basis for selection. So far, however, such a form of se- lection does not seem to have been applied in practice.36. Why is the question of "how easily people can get used to working at night" not a mere a-cademic question?A) Because few people like to reverse the cycle of sleep and wakefulness.B) Because sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness.C) Because people are required to work at night in some fields of industry.D) Because shift work in industry requires people to change their sleeping habits.37. The main problem of the round - the - clock working system lies inA) the inconveniences brought about to the workers by the introduction of automationB) the disturbance of the daily life cycle of workers who have to change shifts toofrequentlyC) the fact that people working at night are often less effectiveD) the fact that it is difficult to find a number of good night workers38. The best solution for implementing the 24 - hour working system seems to beA) to change shifts at longer intervalsB) to have longer shiftsC) to arrange for some people to work on night shifts onlyD) to create better living conditions for night workers39. It is possible to find out if a person has adapted to the changes of routine by measuring hisbody temperature becauseA) body temperature changes when the cycle of sleep and wakefulness altermatesB) body temperature changes when he changes to night shift or backC) the temperature reverses when the routine is changedD) people have higher temperatures when they are working efficiently40. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?A) Body temperature may serve as an indication of a worker's performance.B) The selection of a number of permanent night shift workers has proved to be the bestsolution to problems of the round- the - clock working system.C) Taking body temperature at regular intervals can show how a person adapts to thechanges of routine.D) Disturbed sleep occurs less frequently among those on permanent night or day shifts.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)41. You should have put the milk in the ice-box; I expect it _____ undrinkable by now.A) became B) had become C) has become D) becomes42. Codes are a way of writing something in secret; _____ , anyone who doesn' t know thecode will not be able to read it.A) that is B) worse still C) in short D) on the other hand43. His long service with the company was _____ with a present.A) admitted B) acknowledged C) attributed D) accepted44. The atmosphere is as much a part of the earth as _____ its soils and the water of itslakes, rivers and oceans.A) are B) is C) do D) has45. Our house is about a mile from the station and there are not many houses _____A) in between B) among them C) far apart D) from each other46. The drowning child was saved by Dick's _______ action.A) acute B) alert C) profound D) prompt47. Children and old people do not like having their daily _________ upset.A) habit B) routine C) practice D) custom48. The criminal always paid _______ cash m the police could not track him down.A) on B) by C) for D) in49. _______ when she started complaining.A) Not until he arrived B) Hardly had he arrivedC) No sooner had he arrived D) Scarcely did he arrive50. By 1990, production in the area is expected to double _______ of 1980.A) that B) it C) one D) what51. Professor Smith and Professor Brown will _______ in giving the class lectures.A) alter B) change C) alternate D) differ52. Understanding the cultural habits of another nation, especially _______ containing asmany different subcultures as the United States, is a complex task.A) one B) the one C) that D) such53. The manager promised to have my complaint _______A) looked through B) looked into C) looked over D) looked after54. You can't be _______ careful in making the decision as it was such a critical case.A) very B) quite C) too D) so55. Children are _______ to have some accidents as they grow up.A) obvious B) indispensable C) bound D) doubtless56. We have done things we ought not to have done and _______ undone things we ought tohave done.A) leaving B) will leave C) left D) leave57. The ratio of the work done by the machine _______ the work done on it is called the effi-ciency of the machine.A) against B) with C) to D) for58. _______ the flood, the ship would 'have reached its destination on time.A) In case of B) In spite of C) Because of D) But for59. In your first days at the school you' 1l be given a test to help the teachers to _______ youto a clasps at your level.A) locate B) assign C) deliver D) place60. The story that follows _______ two famous characters of the Rocky Mountain gold rushdays.A) concerns B) states C) proclaims D) relates61. America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it _______before theWest was settled.A) could B) was C) would D) did62. People who refuse to _______ with the law will be punished.A) obey B) consent C) conceal D) comply63. I _______ to him because he phoned me shortly afterwards.A) ought to have written B) must have writtenC) couldn't have written D) needn't have written64. These excursions will give you an even deeper _________ into our language and culture.A) inquiry B) investigation C) input D) insight65. There is no electricity again. Has the blown then?A) fuse B) wire C) plug D) circuit66. No longer are contributions to computer technology confined to any one country; _______is this more true than in Europe.A) hardly B) little C) seldom D) nowhere67. The mother didn't know who _______ for the broken glass.A) will blame B) to blame C) blamed D) blames68. Every society has its own peculiar customs and __ of acting.A) ways B) behaviour C) attitudes D) means69. If a person talks about his weak points, his listener is expected to say something in the wayof _______A) assurance B) persuasion C) encouragement D) confirmation70. China started its nuclear power industry only in recent years, and should _______ no timein catching up.A) delay B) lose C) lag D) lessenPart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods. 1. time/times/period Many of the arguments having- used for the study of literature as 2. /a school subject are valid for A study of television. 3. theChanges in the way people live bring about changes inthe jobs that they do. More and more people live in towns andcities instead on farms and in villages. Cities and states have 71.to provide services city people want, such like more police 72.protection, more hospitals, and more schools. This means thatmore policemen, more nurses and technicians, and moreteachers must be hired. Advances in technology has also 73.changed people's lives. Dishwashers and washing machinesdo jobs that were once done by the hand. The widespread use 74.of such electrical appliances means that there is a need forservicemen to keep it running properly. 75.People are earning higher wages and salaries. This leads 76.changes in the way of life. As income goes down, people may 77.not want more food to eat or more clothes to wear. But theymay want more and better care from doctors, dentists andhospitals. They are likely to travel more and to want moreeducation. Nevertheless, many more jobs are available in 78.these services.The government also affects the kind of works people 79.do. The governments of most countries spend huge sums ofmoney for international defence. They hire thousands of 80.engineers, scientists, clerks, typists and secretaries to work onthe many different aspects of defence.。

1990年1月四级试题及答案Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a line through the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. There fore, A) "At the office" is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A][B][C][D]1.A) The man wants to go to Los Angeles.B) The man wants to go to San Francisco.C) There are no flights to Los Angeles for the rest of the day.D) There are two direct flights to Los Angeles within the next two hours.2.A) He enjoys writing home every week.B) He never fails to write a weekly letter home.C) He doesn't write home once a week now.D) He has been asked to write home every week.3.A) Because she has got an appointment.ⅠB) Because she doesn't want to.C) Because she has to work.D) Because she wants to eat in a new restaurant.4.A) The teacher postponed the meeting.B) There won't be a test this afternoon.C) The students will be attending the meeting.D) The students will take an English test this afternoon.5.A) On the whole, she liked the film.B) She didn't see the film.C) The film was very exciting.D) The film wasn't as good as she'd expected.6.A) Around 5:00.B) Around 3:00.C) At 2:00.D) At 1:00.7.A) he had to work overtime.B) He was held up in traffic.C) His car ran out of gas.D) He had a traffic accident.8.A) John Smith isn't in right now.B) John Smith can't come to the phone right now.C) John Smith doesn't want to speak to the caller.D) The caller dialed the wrong number.9.A) Yesterday.B) Three days ago.C) Two days ago.D) Early last week.10.A) She got up later than usual.B) The bus was late.C) She forgot she had classes.D) Her clock was slow.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11.A) 4,000 years ago.B) 3,000 years ago.C) 2,000 years ago.D) 1,000 years ago.12.A) The small bowl was put above the large bowl.B) The large bowl was put above the small bowl.C) The small bowl was put inside the large bowl.D) The large bowl consisted of two equal parts.13.A) Horsemen.B) Brass doors.C) Drops of water.D) Metal balls.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14.A) They are the most attractive women in Britain.B) They are the most popular film stars.C) They are the first women news announcers on British television.D) They appear almost every night in TV plays.15.A) At 10 in the evening.B) At 9 in the evening.C) At 9 in the morning.D) At 10 in the morning.16.A) People still talk a lot about it.B) Fewer people watched Susan's programme from then on.C) Anna's photographs appeared frequently in newspapers.D) The number of viewers of her programme that day increased by millions. Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17.A) It is completely flat.B) It has few rivers.C) It has many large lakes.D) It is hilly.18.A) The soil has been overworked.B) The climate is cold.C) The weather is too dry.D) The soil is sandy.19.A) By raising cattle.B) By working on farms.C) By working in factories.D) By raising sheep.20.A) At school.B) From their parents.C) From books.D) In factories.参考答案Part I Listening ComprehensionSection A1.A) The man wants to go to Los Angeles2.C) He doesn't write home once a week now3.C) Because she has to work4.B) There won't be a test this afternoon5.D) The film wasn't as good as she'd expected6.B) Around 3:007.B) He was held up in traffic8.D) The caller dialed the wrong number9.C) Two days ago10.A) She got up later than usualSection B11.A) 4,000 years ago12.A) The small bowl was put above the large bowl13.D) Metal balls14.C) They are the first women news announcers on British television15.A) At 10 in the evening16.D) The number of viewers of her programme that day increased by millions17.D) It is hilly18.A) The soil has been overworked19.C) By working in factories20.B) From their parents。

1990年1月Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Questions 21 to 24 are based on the following passage.Automation refers to the introduction of electronic control and automatic operation of productive machinery. It reduces the human factors, mental and physical, in production, and is designed to make possible the manufacture of more goods with fewer workers. The development of automation in American industry has been called the “Second Industrial Revolution”.Labour‟s concern over automation arises from u ncertainty about the effects on employment, and fears of major changes in jobs. In the main, labour has taken the view that resistance to technical change is unfruitful. Eventually, the result of automation may well be an increase in employment, since it is expected that vast industries will grow up around manufacturing, maintaining, and repairing automation equipment. The interest of labour lies in bringing about the transition with a minimum of inconvenience and distress to the workers involved. Also, union spokesmen emphasize that the benefit of the increased production and lower costs made possible by automation should be shared by workers in the form of higher wages, more leisure, and improved living standards.To protect the interests of their members in the era of automation, unions have adopted a number of new policies. One of these is the promotion of supplementary unemployment benefit plans. It is emphasized that since the employer involved in such a plan has a direct financial interest in preventing unemployment, he will have a strong drive for planning new installations so as to cause the least possible problems in jobs and job assignment. Some unions are working for dismissal pay agreements, requiring that permanently dismissed workers be paid a s um of money based on length of service. Another approach is the idea of the “improvement factor”, which calls for wage increases based on increases in productivity. It is possible, however, that labour will rely mainly on reduction in working time.21. Though labour worries about the effect of automation, it does not doubt that ________.A) automation will eventually prevent unemploymentB) automation will help workers acquire new skillsC) automation will eventually benefit the workers no less that the employersD) automation is a trend which cannot be stopped22. The idea of the “improvement factor” (Line 6, Para. 3) probably implies that ________.A) wages should be paid on the basis of length of serviceB) the benefit of increased production and lower costs should be shared by workersC) supplementary unemployment benefit plans should be promotedD) the transition to automation should be brought about with the minimum of inconvenience and distress toworkers23. In order to get the full benefits of automation, labour will depend mostly on ________.A) additional payment to the permanently dismissed workersB) the increase of wages in proportion to the increase in productivityC) shorter working hours and more leisure timeD) a strong drive for planning new installations24. Which of the following can best sum up the passage?A) Advantages and disadvantages of automation.B) Labour and the effects of automation.C) Unemployment benefit plans and automation.D) Social benefits of automation.Questions 25 to 30 are based on the following passage.The case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation. All high school graduates ought to go, says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college will help them earn more money, beco me “better” people, and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who don‟t go.But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone. And now that close to half our high school graduates are attending, those who don‟t fit the pattern are b ecoming more numerous, and more obvious. College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college students interfere with each other‟s experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school. Others find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out-often encouraged by college administrators.Some observers say the fault! Is with the young people themselves-they are spoiled and they are expecting too much. But that‟s a condemnation of the students as a whole, and doesn‟t explain all campus unhappiness. Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly right. We‟ve been told that young people have to go to college because our economy can‟t absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds. But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either.Some adventuresome educators and campus watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school. We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down, it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. Perhaps college doesn‟t make people intellig ent, ambitious, happy, liberal, quick-learning people are merely the ones who have been attracted to college in the first place. And perhaps all those successful college graduates would have been successful whether they had gone to college or not. This is heresy (异端邪说) to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if a little schooling is good, more has to be much better. But contrary evidence is beginning to mount up.25. According to the passage, the author believes that ________.A) people used to question the value of college educationB) people used to have full confidence in higher educationC) all high school graduates went to collegeD) very few high school graduates chose to go to college26. In the 2nd paragraph, “those who don‟t fit the pattern” refers to ________.A) high school graduates who aren‟t suitable for college educationB) college graduates who are selling shoes and driving taxisC) college students who aren‟t any better for their higher educationD) high school graduates who failed to be admitted to college27. The drop-out rate of college students seems to go up because ________.A) young people are disappointed with the conventional way of teaching at collegeB) many young people are required to join the armyC) young people have little motivation in pursuing a higher educationD) young people don‟t like the intense competition for admission to graduate school28. According to the passage the problems of college education partly arise from the fact that ________.A) society cannot provide enough jobs for properly trained college graduatesB) high school graduates do not fit the pattern of college educationC) too many students have to earn their own livingD) college administrators encourage students to drop out29. In this passage the author argues that ________.A) more and more evidence shows college education may not be the best thing for high school graduatesB) college education is not enough if one wants to be successfulC) college education benefits only the intelligent, ambitious, and quick-learning peopleD) intelligent people may learn quicker if they don‟t go to college30. The “surveys and statistics” mentioned in the last paragraph might have shown that ________.A) college-educated people are more successful than non-college-educated peopleB) college education was not the first choice of intelligent peopleC) the less schooling a person has the better it is for himD) most people have sweet memories of college lifeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Ours has become a society of employees. A hundred years or so ago only one out of every five Americans at work was employed, i.e., worked for somebody else. Today only one out of five is not employed but working for himself. And when fifty years ago “being employed” meant working as a factory labourer or as a farmhand, the employee of today is increasingly a middle-class person with a substantial formal education, holding a professional or management job requiring intellectual and technical skills. Indeed, two things have characterized American society during these fifty years: middle-class and upper-class employees have been the fastest-growing groups in our working population-growing so fast that the industrial worker, that oldest child of the Industrial Revolution, has been losing in numerical importance despite the expansion of industrial production.Yet you will find little if anything written on what it is to be an employee. You can find a great deal of very dubious advice on how to get a job or how to get a promotion. You can also find a good deal of work in a chosen field, whether it be the me chanist‟s trade or bookkeeping (簿记). Every one of these trades requires different skills, sets different standards, and requires a different preparation. Yet they all have employeeship in common. And increasingly, especially in the large business or in government, employeeship is more important to success than thespecial professional knowledge or skill. Certainly more people fail because they do not know the requirements of being an employee than because they do not adequately possess the skills of their trade; the higher you climb the ladder, the more you get into administrative or executive work, the greater the emphasis on ability to work within the organization rather than on technical abilities or professional knowledge.31. It is implied that fifty years ago ________.A) eighty per cent of American working people were employed in factoriesB) twenty per cent of American intellectuals were employeesC) the percentage of intellectuals in the total work force was almost the same as that of industrial workersD) the percentage of intellectuals working as employees was not so large as that of industrial workers32. According to the passage, with the development of modern industry, ________.A) factory labourers will overtake intellectual employees in numberB) there are as many middle-class employees as factory labourersC) employers have attached great importance to factory labourersD) the proportion of factory labourers in the total employee population has decreased33. The word “dubious” (L. 2, Para. 2) most probably means ________.A) valuableB) usefulC) doubtfulD) helpful34. According to the writer, professional knowledge or skill is ________.A) less importance than awareness of being a good employeeB) as important as the ability to deal with public relationsC) more important than employer-employee relationsD) more important as the ability to co-operate with others in the organization35. From the passage it can be seen that employeeship helps one ________.A) to be more successful in his careerB) to be more specialized in his fieldC) to solve technical problemsD) to develop his professional skillQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.We all know that the normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7-8 hours‟ sleep alternation with some 16-17 hours‟ wakefulness and that, broadly speaking, the sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness. Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this cycle can be modified.The question is no mere academic one. The ease, for example, with which people can change from working in the day to working at night is a question of growing importance in industry where automation calls for round-the-clock working of machines. It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. Unfortunately, it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week; a person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a.m. one week, 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. the next, and 4 p.m. to 12 midnight the third and so on. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so that much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to a number of permanent night workers. An interesting study of the domestic life and health of night-shift workers was carried out by Brown in 1957. She found a high incidence (发生率) of disturbed sleep and other disorders among those on alternating day and night shifts, but no abnormal occurrence of these phenomena among those on permanent night work.This latter system then appears to be the best long-term policy, but meanwhile something may be done to relieve the strains of alternate day and night work by selecting those people who can adapt most quickly to the changes of routine. One way of knowing when a person has adapted is by measuring his body temperature. People engaged in normal daytime work will have a high temperature during the hours of wakefulness and a low one at night; when they change to night work the pattern will only gradually go back to match the new routine and the speed with which it does so parallels, broadly speaking, the adaptation of the body as a whole, particularly in terms of performance. Therefore, by taking body temperature at intervals of two hours throughout the period of wakefulness it can be seen how quickly a person can adapt to a reversed routine, and this could be used as a basis for selection. So far, however, such a form of selection does not seem to have been applied in practice.36. Why is the question of “how easily people can get used to working at night” not a mere academic question?A) Because few people like to reverse the cycle of sleep and wakefulness.B) Because sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness.C) Because people are required to work at night in some fields of industry.D) Because shift work in industry requires people to change their sleeping habits.37. The main problem of the round-the-clock working system lies in ________.A) the inconveniences brought about to the workers by the introduction of automationB) the disturbance of the daily life cycle of workers who have to change shifts too frequentlyC) the fact that people working at night are often less effectiveD) the fact that it is difficult to find a number of good night workers38. The best solution for implementing the 24-hour working system seems to be ________.A) to change shifts at longer intervalsB) to have longer shiftsC) to arrange for some people to work on night shifts onlyD) to create better living conditions for night workers39. It is possible to find out if a person has adapted to the changes of routine by measuring his body temperaturebecause ________.A) body temperature changes when the cycle of sleep and wakefulness alternatesB) body temperature changes when he changes to night shift or backC) the temperature reverses when the routine is changedD) people have higher temperatures when they are working efficiently40. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?A) Body temperature may serve as an indication of a worker‟s performance.B) The selection of a number of permanent night shift workers has proved to be the best solution toproblems of the round-the-clock working system.C) Taking body temperature at regular intervals can show how a person adapts to the changes of routine.D) Disturbed sleep occurs less frequently among those on permanent night or day shifts.1990年6月暂缺1991年1月Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Passage OneMerchant and passenger ships are generally required to have a life preserver for every person aboard and, in many cases, a certain percentage of smaller sizes for children. According to United States Coast Guard requirements, life preservers must be simple in design, reversible, capable of being quickly adjusted to fit the uninitiated individual, and must be so designed as to support the wearer in the water in an upright or slightly backward position.Sufficient buoyancy (浮力) to support the wearer should be retained by the life preserver after 48 hour in the water, and it should be reliable even after long period of storage. Thus it should be made of materials resistant to sunlight, gasoline, and oils, and it should be not easily set on fire.The position in which the life preserver will support a person who jumps or falls into the water is most important, as is its tendency to turn the wearer in the water from a face-down position to an upright or slightly backward position, with his face clear of the water, even when the wearer is exhausted or unconscious.The method of adjustment to the body should be simple, and self-evident to uninitiated persons even in the dark under the confused conditions which follow a disaster. Thus, the life preserver should be reversible, so that it is nearly impossible to set it on wrong. Catches, straps, and ties should be kept to a minimum. In addition, the life preserver must be adjustable to the wide variety of shapes and sizes of wearers, since this greatly affects the position of floating and the self-righting qualities. A suitable life preserver should also be comfortable to wear atall times, in and out of the water, not so heavy as to encourage to take it off on shipboard while the ship is in danger, nor so burdensome that it hinders a person in the water while trying to swim.21. The passage is mainly about ________.A) the uses of life preserversB) the design of life preserversC) the materials for life preserversD) the buoyancy of life preservers22. According to the passage, a life preserver should be first of all, ________.A) adjustableB) comfortableC) self-evidentD) self-righting23. United States Coast Guard does NOT require the life preserver to the made ________.A) with as few strings as possibleB) capable of being worn on both sidesC) according to each wearer‟s sizeD) comfortable and light to wear24. By “the uninitiated individual” (Para. 1, line 6) the author refers to the person ________.A) who has not been instructed how to use a life preserverB) who has a little experience in using a life preserverC) who uses a life preserver without permissionD) who becomes nervous before a disaster25. What would happen if a person were supported by the life preserver in a wrong position?A) The waves would move him backwards.B) The water would choke him.C) He would immediately sink to the bottom.D) He would be exhausted or unconscious.Passage TwoA hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically “proved” by economists that the laws of society made it necessary to have a vast army of poor and jobless people in order to keep the economy going. Today, hardly anybody would dare to voice this principle. It is generally accepted that nobody should be excluded from the wealth Western industrialized countries, a system of insurance has been introduced which guarantees everyone a minimum of subsistence (生活维持费) in case of unemployment, sickness and old age. I would go one step furtherand argue that, even if these conditions are not present, everyone has the right to receive the means to subsist (维持生活), in other words, he can claim this subsistence minimu m without having to have any “reason”. I would suggest, however, that it should be limited to a definite period of time, let‟s say two years, so as to avoid the encouraging of an abnormal attitude which refused any kind of social obligation.This may sound like a fantastic proposal, but so, I think, our insurance system would have sounded to people a hundred years ago. The main objection to such a scheme would be that if each person were entitled to receive minimum support, people would not work. This assumption rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness in human nature, actually, aside from abnormally lazy people, there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum, and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work.However, the suspicions against a system of guaranteed subsistence minimum are not groundless, from the standpoint of those who want to use ownership of capital for the purpose of forcing others to accept the work conditions they offer. If nobody were forced to accept work in order not to starve, work would have to be sufficiently interesting and attractive to induce one to accept it. Freedom of contract is possible only if both parties are free to accept and reject it; in the present capitalist system this is not the case.But such a system would not only be the beginning of real freedom of contract between employers and employees, its principal advantage would be the improvement of freedom in inter-personal relationships in every sphere of daily life.26. People used to think that poverty and unemployment were due to ________.A) the slow development of the economyB) the poor and jobless people‟s own faultsC) the lack of responsibility on the part of societyD) the large number of people who were not well-educated27. Now it is widely accepted that ________.A) the present system of social insurance should be improvedB) everybody should be granted a minimum of subsistence without any “reason”C) everybody has the right to share in the wealth of the countryD) people have to change their attitude towards the poor28. The writer argues that a system of social insurance should ________.A) provide benefits for the sick, old and unemployedB) encourage people to take on more social obligationsC) guarantee everyone the right to be employedD) provide everyone with the right to a minimum subsistence for a certain period29. The word “fallacy” (Para. 2. L. 6) means ________.A) doubtB) factC) strong argumentD) wrong belief30. According to the writer, a system of guaranteed subsistence minimum ________.A) demands too much from societyB) makes freedom of contract impossibleC) helps people take interest in their workD) helps bring about changes in the relationship among peoplePassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.The newborn can see the difference between various shapes and patterns from birth. He prefers patterns to dull or bright solid colors and looks longer at stripes and angles than at circular patterns. Within three weeks, however, his preference shifts dramatically to the human face.Why should a baby with so little visual experience attend more to a human face than to any other kind of pattern‟? Some scientists think this preference represents a built in advantage for the human species. The object of prime importance to the physically helpless infant is a human being. Babies seem to have a natural tendency to the human face as potentially rewarding. Researchers also point out that the newborn wisely relies more on pattern than on outline, size, or color. Pattern remains stable, while outline changes with point of view; size, with distance from an object; and brightness and color, with lighting.Mothers have always claimed that they could see their newborns looking at them as they held them, despite what they have been told. The experts who thought that perception (知觉) had to await physical development and the consequence of action were wrong for several reasons. Earlier research techniques were less sophisticated than they are today. Physical skills were once used to indicate perception of objects-skills like visual tracking and reaching for an object, both of which the newborn does poorly. Then, too, assumptions that the newborn‟s eye and brain were too immature for anything as sophisticated as pattern recognition caused opposing data to be thrown away. Since perception of form was widely believed to follow perception of more “basic” qualities such as color and brightness, the possibility of its presence from birth was rejected.31. What does a newborn baby like to see m ost‟?A) Bright colors.B) Circular patterns.C) Stripes and angles.D) Various shapes.32. The newborn pays more attention to a human face than any other kind of objects because ________.A) he sees a human face more often than any other kind of patternB) he has an inherent ability to regard a human being as helpfulC) a human face is the most complex pattern he can seeD) a human face is often accompanied by a pleasant voice33. Contrary to what they believe, mothers have been told that newborns ________.A) care little about a human faceB) can‟t track their movementsC) can‟t see their facesD) can easily perceive brightness34. In earlier researches on the newborn‟s perception, scientists ________.A) ignored evidence contrary to their assumptionsB) believed that perception of form comes before perception of color and brightnessC) opposed throwing away effective dataD) proved that physical skills come after visual perception35. The main idea of the passage is that ________.A) research techniques are of vital importance scientific investigationB) the findings of earlier scientific researchers often prove wrongC) newborns can perceive forms from birthD) more often than not the claims of mothers are reliablePassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Albert Einstein recalled his learning problems philosophically: “My intellectual (智力的) development was slow, as a result of which I began to wonder about space and time only when I had already grown up. Naturally, I could go deeper into the problem than a child.” And so, 11 years after dismissal from school, young Albert Einstein published the theory of relativity that changed our understanding of the universe.No one in this century has been more widely recognized as a genius than Einstein. Yet his problems with early intellectual development and his peculiar gifts cast great doubt on all our conventional ideas about genius, intelligence or “I.Q.” (智商). On the one hand, Einstein showed early defects in abilities that our mental tests value; on the other hand, his special intellectual faculties went far beyond most definitions of intelligence. Moreover, their growth appears peculiarly gradual, contradicting the popular conception of intelligence as something inborn and fixed. His resolute persistence and his skills in playing games with ideas were apparently as decisive to his genius as any cutting edge of intellect (智能).These powerful aspects of intelligence that conventional definitions overlook are getting close attention in a new wave of research. This comes after years of earlier studies which exposed the narrowness of our usual measures of mental ability. Intelligence, it turns out, is multifaceted and marvelous; it includes personal characteristics, creativity skills and intellectual capabilities that show up on no test. What is most exciting is that some of these iii-defined abilities are possessed by many people. Just knowing about such neglected skills will help us discover and develop untapped (未开发的) potential-in ourselves and in our children.36. This passage is about ________.A) the development of Einstein‟s intellectB) the wide recognition of Einstein as a geniusC) conventional ideas concerning geniusD) an insight to the complexity of human intelligence37. According to the passage, when Einstein was at school, he ________.A) fell behind other pupilsB) was fond of studying philosophical problemsC) was proud of his own diligenceD) thought more deeply about the problems of space and time than his classmates38. Which of the following led to Einstein‟s success?A) His good skills in game-playing.B) His diligence and powerful mind.C) His unusual insight into the conception of intelligence.D) His decisiveness in taking actions.39. “Multifaceted” (Para. 3, Line 6) probably means ________.A) having many aspectsB) having many abilitiesC) having many skillsD) having many uses40. According to the passage which of the follow ing statements is TRUE‟?A) Conventional intelligence tests are not reliable.B) For ordinary people intelligence is something inborn and fixed.C) Einstein was apparently a genius in playing games as well as in scientific research.D) Einstein‟s early def ects in abilities contributed to his later mental development.。

1992年1月英语四级真题及答案Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversation s. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each questionthere will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choicesmarked A)，B)，C), and D)，and decide which is the best answer. Then markthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line throughthe centre.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A) “At the office” is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) Give the woman what she wants.B) Help the woman in a moment.C) Tell the woman what he is doing.D) Stop his work immediately.2. A) He wants the woman to call him again.B) He will call the woman in two weeks.C) He wants her to fix the watch within one week.D) He will fix the woman’s watch.3. A) To see the doctor.B) To go to a party.C) To make an appointment.D) To look after her children.4. A) She is eager to know what the present is.B) She is not anxious to know what it is.C) She doesn’t know what she is asked to wait for.D) She really doesn’t care about the present.5. A) The program was on too late.B) His TV set was out of order.C) He doesn’t think much of the President.D) He had a late class.6. A) The teacher postponed the conference.B) There won’t be a test this afternoon.C) The students will be attending the conference.D) The students took a science test this afternoon.7. A) She thinks his lectures are boring.B) She thinks his tests are too long.C) She doesn’t like his choice of test questions.D) She doesn’t think he prepares his lectures well enough.8. A) She thinks he talks too much.B) She thinks he is simple-minded.C) She thinks he is always very frank.D) She thinks he doesn’t like speaking.9. A) On foot.B) By bus.C) By car.D) By bike.10. A) ￡7.B) ￡9.C) ￡11.D) ￡15.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A)，B)，C), and D). Then mark the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) They are in a good temper.B) They like music.C) They want to say something.D) They sing for enjoyment.12. A) They make some signs.B) They keep from other birds.C) They keep silent.D) They hide themselves.13. A) It spreads out its tail.B) It dances.C) It uses shells and flowers to make a garden.D) It flies high in the sky.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They hung meat in the sun.B) They cooked meat with salt.C) They preserved meat with ice.D) They kept meat underground.15. A) He began to use chemicals.B) He preserved food with sugar.C) He kept food in cans.D) He sealed food in jars.16. A) Development of the canning industry.B) Food processing and chemicals.C) Food industry in different countries.D) Preserving food-past and present.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) In the United states.B) At Sutter’s Fort.C) In Sweden.D) In Switzerland.18. A) He left the farm.B) He kept it a secret to himself.C) He told Sutter about it.D) He tried to find more gold.19. A) Because too many people came there for gold.B) Because Sutter was not good at farming.C) Because the army occupied it.D) Because Sutter gave up farming.20. A) It made him a very rich man.B) It brought him great misfortune.C) It had little effect on his life.D) It cause the death of his wife.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A)，B)，C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line throughthe centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Time was—and not so many years ago, either—when the average citizen took a pretty dim view of banks and Banking. That this was so, it should be said, was to no small extent the fault of banks and bankers themselves. Banks used to be—and a few still are—forbidding structures. Behind the little barred windows were, more often than not, elderly gentlemen whose expression of friendliness reflected the size of thecustomer’s account, and nothing less than a few hundred thousand in the bank could have inspired the suggestion of a smile.And yet the average bank for many year was, to the average citizen, a fearful, if necessary, instrument for dealing with business—usually big business. But somewhere in the past quarter century, banks Began to grow human, even pleasant, and started to attract the little man. It is possible that this movement began in medium-sized towns, or in small towns where people know each other by their first names, and spread to big towns. At any rate, the results have been remarkable.The movement to “humanize” hanks, of course, rece ived a big push during the war, when more and more women were employed to do work previously performed by men. Also more and more “little” people found themselves in need of personal loans, as taxes became heavier and as the practice of installment (分期付款) buying broke down the previously long—held concept that there was something almost morally wrong about being in debt. All sorts of people began to discover that the intelligent use of credit (信贷) could be extremely helpful.21. The author believes that the unfriendly atmosphere in banks many years ago waschiefly due to ________.A) the outer appearance of bank buildingsB) unfriendliness of customers toward banksC) economic pressure of the timeD) the attitude of hankers22. The banks of many years ago showed interest only in ________.A) regular visitorsB) rich customersC) friendly businessmenD) elderly gentlemen23. When did banks begin to grow human?A) Sometime before the war.B) A few years ago.C) During the war.D) In the last century.24. What helped to push the “humanization” of banks?A) More and more “little” people became customers of banks.B) The elderly gentlemen in banks were replaced by women.C) More banks were set up in small and medium-sized towns.D) The size of the customer’s account was greatly increased.25. Average People seldom borrowed money from bank in the bank because ________.A) the bank buildings looked forbiddingB) they were comparatively rich before the warC) they thought it was not proper to be in debtD) they rarely spent more than they could earnPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Last summer, Transportation Secretary Elizabeth Dole announced a new rule: Unless states representing two-thirds of the country’s population pass compulsory (强制性的) seat-belt-use laws by April 1989, all new vehicles will have to be fitted with air bags or automatic seat belts.The rule wouldn’t have been necessary but for one simple fact. Even though seat belts could prevent nearly half of the deaths in fatal car accidents, 85 percent of the population simply won’t wear them.Why not? Behavioral engineers have found that there are all sorts of reasons—usually unstated. These are some of the most popular. It’s safer to be thrown from a car man trapped. According to E. Scott Geller, that’s a faulty argument. “In fact”, he says, “being thrown from a car is twenty-five times more dangerous than being trapped”.It won’t happen to me; I’m a good driver. But what about the other person who may be a terrible driver? The data show that the average incidence (发生率) for all accidents in one per driver every 10 years.My car will end up underwater or on fire, and I won’t be able to get out. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), only 0.5 percent of all injury-producing accidents occur under these conditions. “If you’re wearing a belt, you’ve got a better chance of being conscious and not having your legs broken—distinct advantages in getting out of a dangerous situation”.I’m only going a few blocks. Yet 80 percent of accidents ha ppen at speeds or less that 25 miles per hour, 75 percent happen within 25 miles of home.26. Before 1989, in the United States ________.A) the use of seat belts was not compulsory for the majority of the populationB) a new law requiring the use of seat belts had just been passedC) people had to choose between the use of seat belts or the use of air bagsD) almost fifty percent of the people involved in car accidents were saved by seatBelts27. The word “trapped” (Para. 3, Line 3) means to be ________.A) held up in a traffic jamB) confined in the carC) caught in an accidentD) pulled into a car28. One of the reasons why many drivers refuse to wear seat belts is because ________.A) they don’t think that it is comfortable to wear seat beltsB) t hey don’t believe that an accident involving a terrible driver is highlyprobableC) they believe that no danger is involved in just driving a few blocksD) they think that few drivers are willing to wear seat belts29. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A) seat belts should be replaced by air bagsB) eighty-five percent of all drivers are likely to Break traffic rulesC) all drivers, whether good or bad, are liable to have an accident at one timeor anotherD) wearing seat belts will get drivers out of dangerous situations30. The purpose of the writer in writing this passage is ________.A) to urge the government to pass the law soonerB) to tell how dangerous car-driving can beC) to criticise those who refuse to use seat beltsD) to prove the necessity of the new rulePassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.For well over 2000 years the world’s great religions have taught the virtues of a trusting heart. Now there is another reason to merit the wisdom of the ages: scientific evidence indicates that those with trusting hearts will live longer, healthier lives.As a result of the work published in the 1970s by two pioneering heart specialists, Meyer Friedman and Ray H. Rosenman, nearly every American is aware that blood Type.A people are impatient, and easily moved to hostility and anger. Many have come to believe that Type As are at a much higher risk of suffering heart attack or dying of heart disease than others.The driving force behind hostility is a cynical (愤世嫉俗) mistrust of others. If we expect others to mistreat us, we are seldom disappointed. This generates anger and leads us to respond with hostility.The most characteristic attitude of a cynic is being suspicious of the motives of people he doesn’t know. Imagine you are waiting for an elevator and it stops two floorsabove for longer than usual. How inconsiderate (不替别人着想的) You think. In a few seconds, you have drawn hostile conclusions about unseen people and their motives.Meanwhile, your cynical mistrust is leading to noticeable physical consequences. Your voice rises. The rate and depth of your breathing increases. Your heart is beating faster and harder, and the muscles of your arms and legs become tight. You feel “charged up”, ready for action.If you frequently experience these feelings, you may be at increased risk of developing serious health problems. Anger can add to the risk of heart and other diseases.31. According to the author, people with trusting hearts are ________.A) usually intelligent and wiseB) usually very religiousC) less likely to get heart diseasesD) not likely to be mistreated by others32. The book by Meyer Friedman and Ray H. Rosenman most probably discusses ________.A) friendliness and hostilityB) trust and mistrust of peopleC) heart diseases and death rateD) people’s characters and their blood types33. According to the passage, if you have a fixed idea in mind that people will mistreatyou, you will always find it ________.A) to be disappointingB) to be pleasingC) to be wrongD) to be so34. A cynic, in the passage, is a person ________.A) who is always ready to fightB) who usually has doubts about the people around himC) whose behaviour usually leads to serious health problemsD) whose behaviour usually seems strange to the people he knows35. The author’s intention in writing the passage is to ________.A) advise people to be patientB) analyze the danger of heart diseasesC) persuade people to be trustfulD) praise the wisdom of the old peoplePassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.“Time is a problem for kids,” states a news report for a new Swiss watch. Children in some countries “learn time slowly” because “they don’t wear watches” and “parents don’t really know how to teach them time”. The kids grow up with this handicap and become adults—and then can’t get to work on time. Is there an answer to this problem? of course—it’s the Flik Flak, made by a famous Swiss watch company.The Flik Flak is being marketed as something teaching watch for children aged 4 to 10. The watch itself does not teach kids how to tell time, of course it merely “captures their imagination” by presenting the “hour” hand as a beautiful red girl named Flak and the “minute” hand as a tall blue boy n amed Flik. Flik points to corresponding “blue“ minutes on the dial, while Flak points to red hour numbers. The characters and the colors combined with parental help, are supposed to teach young children how to tell time.The watch comes equipped with a standard battery and a nylon band. Peter Lipkin, the United States sales manager for the Flik Flak, calls it Kidproof: if it gets dirty you can throw the whole watch in the washing machine.” The product is being sold in select department stores in Europe, Asia and the United States for a suggested price of $25. Parents who buy the watch may discover that it is one thing for kids to tell time; it’s quite another for them to be on time.36. From the news report we know that ________.A) parents are patient when teaching children timeB) parents have little idea of how to teach children timeC) children tend to learn time quicklyD) children enjoy wearing the Flik Flak watch37. The author doesn’t seem to believe ________.A) children will be on time if they have learnt how to tell timeB) a Flik Flak can help parents teach their children how to tell timeC) the Flik Flak can capture children’s imaginationD) children usually have trouble telling time if they don’t wear watches38. The word “handicap” (Para. 1, Line 4) means ________.A) displeasureB) discouragementC) disappointmentD) disadvantage39. Flik and Flak in the passage stand for ________.A) a tall boy and a beautiful girlB) the minute hand and the hour handC) the Swiss watch companyD) the designers of the watch40. The United States sales manager calls the new watch kidproof because ________.A) it is designed to teach children to be on timeB) it proves to be effective in teaching children timeC) it is made so as not to be easily damaged by childrenD) it is the children’s favourite watchPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A)，B)，C), and D). Choose the ONE answer that bestcompletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the centre.41. I can’t understand how you ________ these unpleasant surroundings.A) put outB) put downC) put up withD) put forward42. ________ you decide to take up you should try to make it a success.A) WhateverB) UnlessC) WheneverD) If only43. If Harry did not attend the conference last night, he ________ too much work todo.A) must have hadB) must haveC) had hadD) had to have had44. John often attends public lectures at the University of Oxford, chiefly ________his English.A) to improveB) improvingC) to have improvedD) improved45. It was suggested at the meeting that effective measures ________ to solve theproblem.A) were takenB) be takenC) must be takenD) take46. I am ________ of your stupid conversation.A) annoyedB) worriedC) angryD) tired47. They are building the dam in ________ with another firm.A) comparisonB) associationC) touchD) tune48. Most parents encourage their children to take an active part in social events,________ those events do not interfere with their studies.A) lestB) thoughC) unlessD) provided49. Orlando, a city in Florida, ________ for its main attraction, Magic Kingdom.A) which is well knownB) is well knownC) well knownD) being well known50. He is ________ a writer as a reporter.A) moreB) ratherC) not so muchD) not much51. Jim is sorry ________ so impolite to your guest last Saturday.A) to beB) having beenC) beingD) to have been52. I suppose that when I come back in ten years’ time all these old houses ________down.A) will have been pulledB) will have pulledC) will be pullingD) will be pulled53. To be sure, some insects can build complex societies ________ different types ofindividuals performing different tasks.A) taken fromB) made ofC) composed ofD) developed from54. The students will put off the outing until next week, ________ they won’t be sobusy.A) whenB) asC) sinceD) while55. I have not found my book yet; in fact, I am not sure ________ I could have donewith it.A) whetherB) whyC) whatD) when56. If you do not fasten your safety belt, your chances of being ________ will begreater.A) beatenB) hurtC) damagedD) stricken57. “ ________” for many years, the writer suddenly became famous.A) Having ignored himB) To be ignoredC) To have been ignoredD) Having been ignored58. This bird’s large wings ________ it to fly very fast.A) ableB) enableC) unsureD) cause59. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I ________ to it.A) have not goneB) did not goC) had not goneD) should not have gone60. I don’t swim not, but I ________ when I was a kid.A) used to itB) used to doing itC) used toD) used to do61. I found my daughter sitting in the kitchen, crying ________.A) stronglyB) bitterlyC) heavilyD) deeply62. You are getting too old for football. You’d better ________ tennis instead.B) take upC) take forD) take over63. When the two young people were married, the ceremony was anything ________ up todata.A) butB) besideC) exceptD) apart from64. He didn’t mention anything about the party, ________ the date.A) either evenB) even norC) even neitherD) not even65. After being rescued from the air crash, the people agreed that they had much to________.A) thankB) be thankedC) be thankfulD) be thankful for66. This new method not only saves time but also saves energy ________ operating ontwo batteries instead to four.A) inB) onC) byD) for67. What ________ to him is whether the job allows him to pursue his studies.A) mattersB) refersC) happensD) applies68. He said that very clearly so that nobody was in any ________ about what was meant.B) wonderC) questionD) consideration69. It is predicted that heavy rains are ________ to flood the area in a few days.A) frighteningB) threateningC) scatteringD) warning70. In most of the United States, the morning newspaper is ________ by school agechildren.A) directedB) dischargedC) derivedD) deliveredPart IV Close (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A)，B)，C), and D) on the right side of the paper. You shouldchoose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the correspondingletter on, the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.When television first began to expand, very few of the people who had become famous as __71__ announcers were able to be equally effective __72__ television. Some of the difficulties they experienced when they were trying to __73__ themselves to the new medium were technical. When __74__ on radio, for example, they had become __75__ to seeing on behalf of the listener. This art of seeing for others __76__ that the announcer has to be very good __77__ talking. Above all, he has to be able to __78__ a continuous sequence (序列) of visual (视觉的) images which add meaning __79__ the round the listener hears. In the __80__ of television, however, the announcer sees __81__ with the viewer. His duty, __82__, is completely different. He is there to make __83__ that the viewer does not __84__ any point of interest, to help him focus __85__ particular things, and to help him __86__ the images on the television screen. __87__ his radio colleague, he must know the __88__ of silence and how to use it at those __89__ when the pictures speak for __90__.71. A) televisionB) advertisementC) radioD) newspaper72. A) ofB) inC) atD) on73. A) adoptB) adjustC) alterD) adapt74. A) workingB) listeningC) appearingD) showing75. A) practisedB) experiencedC) determinedD) used76. A) guaranteesB) meansC) convincesD) warns77. A) atB) withC) inD) of78. A) reflectB) createC) causeD) affect79. A) toB) inC) onD) about80. A) occasionB) matterC) exampleD) case81. A) somethingB) everythingC) nothingD) anything82. A) moreoverB) thereforeC) furthermoreD) nevertheless83. A) clearB) definiteC) sureD) easy84. A) missB) ignoreC) dropD) catch85. A) toB) atC) inD) on86. A) revealB) exposeC) understandD) translate87. A) UnlikeB) BesidesC) LikeD) As88. A) priceB) costC) valueD) worth89. A) minutesB) periodsC) timesD) moments90. A) themB) himC) themselvesD) himselfPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition in no less than 100 words, on the topic: Is Failure a Bad Thing?Your composition shouldbe based on the following outline (give in Chinese)1. 失败是常有的事?2. 人们对失败有各种不同的态度。

2003年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the center.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, A) “At the office” is the correct answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) They are both anxious to try Italian food.B) They are likely to have dinner together.C) The man will treat the woman to dinner tonight.D) The woman refused to have dinner with the man.2. A) It’s only for rent, not for sale.B) It’s not as good as advertised.C) It’s being redecorated.D) It’s no longer available.3. A) Colleagues.B) Husband and wife.C) Employer and employee.D) Mother and son.4. A) She contacts her parents occasionally.B) She phones her parents regularly at weekends.C) She visits her parents at weekends when the fares are down.D) She often call her parents regardless of the rates.5. A) The next bus is coming soon.B) The bus will wait a few minutes at the stop.C) There are only two or three passengers waiting for the bus.D) They can catch this bus without running.6. A) The assignment looks easy but actually it’s quite difficult.B) The assignment is too difficult for them to complete on time.C) They cannot finish the assignment until Thursday.D) They have plenty of time to work on the assignment.7. A) The man will go to meet the woman this evening.B) The man and the woman have an appointment at 7 o’clock.C) The woman can’t finish making the jam before 7 o’clock.D) The woman won’t be able to see the man this evening.8. A) She’s learned a lot from the literature class.B) She’s written some books about world classics.C) She’s met some of the world’s best writers.D) She’s just back from a trip round the world.9. A) The exam was easier than the previous one.B) Joe is sure that he will do better in the next exam.C) Joe probably failed in the exam.D) The oral part of the exam was easier than the written part.10. A) She is tired of driving in heavy traffic.B) She doesn’t mind it as the road conditions are good.C) She is unhappy to have to drive such a long way every day.D) She enjoys it because she’s good at driving.Section B Compound DictationDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage isread for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. Whenthe passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in theblanks numbered from S1 to S7 with the exact words you have just heard.For blanks numbered from S8 to S10 you are required to fill in the missinginformation. You can either use the exact words you have just heard orwrite down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passageis read for the third time, you should check what you have written.It’s difficult to imagine the sea ever running out of fish. It’s so vast, so deep, so (S1) ________. Unfortunately, it’s not bottomless. Over-fishing, (S2) ________ with destructive fishing practices, is killing off the fish and (S3) ________ their environment.Destroy the fish, and you destroy the fishermen’s means of living. At least 60 (S4) ________ of the world’s commercially important fish (S5) ________ are already over-fished, or fished to the limit. As a result, governments have had to close down some areas of sea to commercial fishing.Big, high-tech fleets (S6) ________ that everything in their path is pulled out of water. Anything too small, or the wrong thing, is thrown back either dead or dying. That’s an (S7) ________ of more than 20 million metric tons every year. (S8) ________.In some parts of the world, for every kilogram of prawns (对虾) caught, up to 15 kilograms of unsuspecting fish and other marine wildlife die, simply for being in the wrong place at the wrong time.True, (S9) ________, then catch them in a way that doesn’t kill other innocent sea life.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecenter.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.A hero does something worth talking about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond mere fame.Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high-voltage transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that it can beused by ordinary people.The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine hero experience life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant?Heroes are catalysts (催化剂) for change. They have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr., we might still have segregated (隔离的) buses, restaurants, and parks. It may be possible for large-scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.11. Although heroes may come from different cultures, they ________.A) generally possess certain inspiring characteristicsB) probably share some weaknesses of ordinary peopleC) are often influenced by previous generationsD) all unknowingly attract a large number of fans12. According to the passage, heroes are compared to high-voltage transformers in that________.A) they have a vision from the mountaintopB) they have warm feelings and emotionsC) they can serve as concrete examples of noble principlesD) they can make people feel stronger and more confident13. Madonna and Michael Jackson are not considered heroes because ________.A) they are popular only among certain groups of peopleB) their performances do not improve their fans morallyC) their primary concern is their own financial interestsD) they are not clear about the principles they should follow14. Gandhi and Martin Luther King are typical examples of outstanding leaders who________.A) are good at demonstrating their charming charactersB) can move the masses with their forceful speechesC) are capable of meeting all challenges and hardshipsD) can provide an answer to the problems of their people15. The author concludes that historical changes would ________.A) be delayed without leaders with inspiring personal qualitiesB) not happen without heroes making the necessary sacrificesC) take place ff there were heroes to lead the peopleD) produce leaders with attractive personalitiesPassage TwoQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.According to a survey, which was based on the responses of over 188,000 students, today’s traditional-age college freshmen are “more materialistic and less altruistic (利他主义的)” than at any time in the 17 years of the poll.Not surprising in these hard times, the student’s major objective “is to be financially well off. Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life.” It follows then that today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting.Interest in teaching, social service and the “altruistic” fields is at a low. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up.That’s no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of her college instructors her first year on the job—even before she completed her two-year associate degree.While it’s true that we all need a career, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions—be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true that, in studying the diverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs.Weekly we read of unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of business. No company; no job. How shortsighted in the long run!But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense. I saw a cartoon recently which shows a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference table; one of them is talking on the intercom (对讲机): “Miss Baxter,” he says, “could you please send in someone who can distinguish right from wrong?”From the long-term point of view, that’s what education really ought to be about.16. According to the author’s observation, college students ________.A) have never been so materialistic as todayB) have never been so interested in the artsC) have never been so financially well off as todayD) have never attached so much importance to moral sense17. The students’ criteria for selecting majors today have much to do with ________.A) the influences of their instructorsB) the financial goals they seek in lifeC) their own interpretations of the coursesD) their understanding of the contributions of others18. By saying “While it’s true that... be they scientific or artistic” (Lines 1-3, Para. 5),the author means that ________.A) business management should be included in educational programsB) human wisdom has accumulated at an extraordinarily high speedC) human intellectual development has reached new heightsD) the importance of a broad education should not be overlooked19. Studying the diverse wisdom of others can ________.A) create varying artistic interestsB) help people see things in their right perspectiveC) help improve connections among peopleD) regulate the behavior of modern people20. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A) Businessmen absorbed in their career are narrow-minded.B) Managers often find it hard to tell right from wrong.C) People engaged in technical jobs lead a more rewarding life.D) Career seekers should not focus on immediate interests only.Passage ThreeQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.New technology links the world as never before. Our planet has shrunk. It’s now a “global village” where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills.Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modern markets, success overseas often helps support domestic business efforts.Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind.” He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company’s plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas,superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more prevalent (普遍的).Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets.English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isn’t generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equalThe employee posted abroad who speaks the country’s principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and cam have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.21. What is the author’s attitude toward high-tech communications equipment?A) Critical.B) Prejudiced.C) Indifferent.D) Positive.22. With the increased use of high-tech communications equipment, businesspeople________.A) have to get familiar with modern technologyB) are gaining more economic benefits from domestic operationsC) are attaching more importance to their overseas businessD) are eager to work overseas23. In this passage, “out of sight and out of mind” (Lines 2-3, Para. 3) probably means________.A) being unable to think properly for lack of insightB) being totally out of touch with business at homeC) missing opportunities for promotion when abroadD) leaving all care and worry behind24. According to the passage, what is an important consideration of internationalcorporations in employing people today?A) Connections with businesses overseas.B) Ability to speak the client’s language.C) Technical know-how.D) Business experience.25. The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can________.A) better control the whole negotiation processB) easily find new approaches to meet market needsC) fast-forward their proposals to headquartersD) easily make friends with businesspeople abroadPassage FourQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.In recent years, Israeli consumers have grown more demanding as they’ve become wealthier and more worldly-wise. Foreign travel is a national passion; this summer alone, one in 10 citizens will go abroad. Exposed to higher standards of service elsewhere, Israelis are returning home expecting the same. American firms have also begun arriving in large numbers. Chains such as KFC, McDonald’s and Pizza Hut are setting a new standard of customer service, using strict employee training and constant monitoring to ensure the friendliness of frontline staff. Even the American habit of telling departing customers to “Have a nice day” has caught on all over Israel. “Nobody wakes up in the morning and says, ‘Let’s be nicer,’” says Itsik Cohen, director of a consulting firm. “Nothing happens without competition.”Privatization, or the threat of it, is a motivation as well. Monopolies (垄断者) that until recently have been free to take their customers for granted now fear what Michael Perry, a marketing professor, calls “the revengeful (报复的) consumer.” When the government opened up competition with Bezaq, the phone company, its international branch lost 40% of its market share, even while offering competitive rates. Says Perry, “People wanted revenge for all the years of bad service.” The electric company, whose monopoly may be short-lived, has suddenly mopped requiring users to wait half a day for a repairman. Now, appointments are scheduled to the half-hour. The graceless El Al Airlines, which is already at auction (拍卖), has retrained its employees to emphasize service and is boasting about the results in an ad campaign with the slogan, “You can feel the change in the air.” For the first time, praise outnumbers complaints on customer survey sheets.26. It may be inferred from the passage that ________.A) customer service in Israel is now improvingB) wealthy Israeli customers are hard to pleaseC) the tourist industry has brought chain stores to IsraelD) Israeli customers prefer foreign products to domestic ones27. In the author’s view, higher service standards are impossible in Israel ________.A) if customer complaints go unnoticed by the managementB) unless foreign companies are introduced in greater numbersC) if there’s no competition among companiesD) without strict routine training of employees28. If someone in Israel today needs a repairman in case of a power failure, ________.A) they can have it fixed in no timeB) it’s no longer necessary to make an appointmentC) the appointment takes only half a day to makeD) they only have to wait half an hour at most29. The example of El A1 Airlines shows that ________.A) revengeful customers are a threat to the monopoly of enterprisesB) an ad campaign is a way out for enterprises in financial difficultyC) a good slogan has great potential for improving serviceD) staff retraining is essential for better service30. Why did Bezaq’s international branch lose 40% of its market share?A) Because the rates it offered were not competitive enough.B) Because customers were dissatisfied with its past service.C) Because the service offered by its competitors was far better.D) Because it no longer received any support from the government.Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 3.0. incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that bestcompletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the center.31. Such crimes may be so complex that months or years go by before anyone________ them.A) discoveredB) will discoverC) would have discoveredD) discovers32. Though ________ in a big city, Peter always prefers to paint the primitive scenes ofcountry life.A) grownB) raisedC) tendedD) cultivated33. The careless man received a ticket for speeding. He ________ have driven so fast.A) can’tB) wouldn’tC) shouldn’tD) mustn’t34. If people feel hopeless, they don’t bother to ________ the skills they need tosucceed.A) adoptB) acquireC) accumulateD) assemble35. If I ________ harder at school, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.A) workedB) were to workC) had workedD) were working36. The shop assistant was dismissed as she was ________ of cheating customers.A) accusedB) chargedC) scoldedD) cursed37. All her energies are ________ upon her children and she seems to have little timefor anything else.A) guidedB) aimedC) directedD) focused38. While crossing the mountain area, all the men carried guns lest they ________ bywild animals.A) should be attackedB) had been attackedC) must be attackedD) would be attacked39. Everyone should be ________ to a decent standard of living and an opportunity tobe educated.A) attributedB) entitledC) identifiedD) justified40. His wife is constantly funding ________ with him, which makes him very angry.A) errorsB) shortcomingsC) faultD) flaw41. Vitamins are complex ________ that the body requires in very small mounts.A) mattersB) materialsC) particlesD) substances42. Apart from caring for her children, she has to take on such heavy ________housework as carrying water and firewood.A) time-consumedB) timely-consumedC) time-consumingD) timely-consuming43. Anna was reading a piece of science fiction, completely ________ to the outsideworld.A) having been lostB) to be lostC) losingD) lost44. The police are trying to find out the ________ of the woman killed in the trafficaccident.A) evidenceB) recognitionC) statusD) identity45. All human beings have a comfortable zone regulating the ________ they keep fromsomeone they talk with.A) distanceB) scopeC) rangeD) boundary46. We have planned an exciting publicity ________ with our advertisers.A) struggleB) campaignC) battleD) conflict47. ________ the help of their group, we would not have succeeded in the investigation.A) BesidesB) Regardless ofC) But forD) Despite48. ________ much is known about what occurs during sleep, the precise function ofsleep and its different stages remains largely in the realm of assumption.A) BecauseB) ForC) SinceD) While49. John doesn’t believe in ________ medicine; he has some remedies of his own.A) standardB) regularC) routineD) conventional50. Owing to ________ competition among the airlines, travel expenses have beenreduced considerably.A) fierceB) strainedC) eagerD) critical51. They always give the vacant seats to ________ comes first.A) whoeverB) whomeverC) whoD) whom52. In Africa, educational costs are very low for those who are ________ enough to getinto universities.A) ambitiousB) fortunateC) aggressiveD) substantial53. Professor Wang, ________ for his informative lectures, was warmly received by hisstudents.A) knowingB) knownC) to be knownD) having known54. Our manager is ________ an important customer now and he will be back thisafternoon.A) calling onB) calling inC) calling upD) calling for55. A fire engine must have priority as it usually has to deal with some kind of________.A) precautionB) crisisC) emergencyD) urgency56. He said that the driver must have had an accident; otherwise he ________ by then.A) would have arrivedB) must have arrivedC) should arriveD) would arrive57. The film provides a deep ________ into a wide range of human qualifies andfeelings.A) insightB) imaginationC) fancyD) outlook58. It is high time that such practices ________.A) are endedB) be endedC) were endedD) must be ended59. Urban crowdedness would be greatly relieved if only the ________ charged onpublic transport were more reasonable.A) feesB) faresC) paymentsD) costs60. The doctor had almost lost hope at one point, but the patient finally ________.A) pulled outB) pulled throughC) pulled upD) pulled overPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You shouldchoose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecenter.A language is a signaling system which operates with symbolic vocal sounds (语声), and which is used by a group of people for the purpose of communication.Let’s look at this __61__ in more detail because it is language, more than anything else, __62__ distinguishes man from the rest of the __63__ world.Other animals, it is true, communicate with one another by __64__ of cries: for example, many birds utter __65__ calls at the approach of danger; monkeys utter __66__ cries, such as expressions of anger, fear and pleasure. __67__ these various means of communication differ in important ways __68__ human language. For instance, animals’cries do not __69__ thoughts and feelings clearly. This means, basically, that they lack structure. They lack the kind of structure that __70__ us to divide a human utterance into __71__.We can change an utterance by __72__ one word in it with __73__: a good illustration of this is a soldier who can say, e.g., “tanks approaching from the north“, __74__ who can change one word and say aircraft approaching from the north”or “tanks approaching from the west”; but a bird has a single alarm cry, __75__ means “danger!”This is why the number of __76__ that an animal can make is very limited: the great tit (山雀) is a case __77__ point; it has about twenty different calls, __78__ in human language the number of possible utterances is __79__. It also explains why animal cries are very __80__ in meaning.61. A) classificationB) definitionC) functionD) perception62. A) thatB) itC) asD) what63. A) nativeB) humanC) physicalD) animal64. A) waysB) meansC) methodsD) approaches65. A) matingB) excitingC) warningD) boring66. A) identicalB) similarC) differentD) unfamiliar67. A) ButB) ThereforeC) AfterwardsD) Furthermore68. A) aboutB) withC) fromD) in69. A) inferB) explainC) interpretD) express70. A) encouragesB) enablesC) enforcesD) ensures71. A) speechesB) soundsC) wordsD) voices72. A) replacingB) spellingC) pronouncing73. A) oursB) theirsC) anotherD) others74. A) soB) andC) butD) or75. A) thisB) thatC) whichD) it76. A) signsB) gesturesC) signalsD) marks77. A) inB) atC) ofD) for78. A) whereasB) sinceC) anyhowD) somehow79. A) boundlessB) changeableC) limitlessD) ceaseless80. A) ordinaryB) alikeD) generalPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic It Pays to Be Honest. You should write at least 120 words accordingto the outline given below in Chinese.1. 当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象2. 诚实利人利已，做人应该诚实It Pays to Be Honest2003年1月四级参考答案Part IPart IIPart IIIPart IVS1. mysteriousS2. coupledS3. ruiningS4. percentS5. speciesS6. ensureS7. averageS8. When you consider that equals a quarter of the world catch, you begin to see the size of the problem. S9. True, some countries are beginning to deal with this problem, but it’s vital we find a rational way of fishingS10. Before every ocean becomes a dead sea, it would make sense to give the fish enough time to recover, grow to full size and reproduce。

1990年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes) Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences inthis part. For each sentence there arefour Choices marked A), B), C) and D).Choose the ONE answer that bestcompletes the sentence. Then mark thecorresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single time through thecentre.41. The bridge was named ________ the hero whogave his life for the cause of the people.A) afterB) withC) byD) from42. There were no tickets ________ for Friday’sperformance.A) preferableB) considerableC) possibleD) available43. It wasn’t such a good dinner ________ she hadpromised us.A) thatB) whichC) asD) what44. They decided to chase the cow away ________it did more damage.A) unlessB) untilC) beforeD) although45. ________ student with a little common senseshould be able to answer the question.A) EachB) AnyC) EitherD) One46. All ________ is a continuous supply of the basicnecessities of life.A) what is neededB) for our needsC) the thing neededD) that is needed47. ________ with the size of the whole earth, thehighest mountain does not seem high at all.A) When comparedB) CompareC) While comparingD) Comparing48. ________ she first heard of the man referred to as aspecialist.A) That was from StephenB) It was Stephen whomC) It was from Stephen thatD) It was Stephen that49. If these shoes are too big, ask the clerk to bring youa smaller ________.A) suitB) setC) oneD) pair50. Many new ________ will be opened up in thefuture for those with a university education.A) opportunitiesB) necessitiesC) realitiesD) probabilities51. He must have had an accident, or he ________then.A) would have been hereB) had to be hereC) should be hereD) would be here52. It was essential that the application forms________ back before the deadline (截止日期).A) must be sentB) would be sentC) be sentD) were sent53. We ________ our breakfast when an old mancame to the door.A) just have hadB) have just hadC) just hadD) had just had54. The rain was heavy and ________ the land wasflooded.A) consequentlyB) continuouslyC) constantlyD) consistently55. The children went there to watch the iron tower________.A) to erectB) be erectedC) erectingD) being erected56. The engine ________ smoke and steam.A) gives upB) gives inC) gives awayD) gives off 57. The manager promised to keep me ________ ofhow our business was going on.A) to be informedB) on informingC) informedD) informing58. Don’t ________ this news to the public until wegive you the go-ahead.A) releaseB) relieveC) relateD) retain59. She never laughed, ________ lost her temper.A) or she ever didB) nor did she everC) or did she everD) nor she ever did60. The goals ________ he had fought all his life nolonger seemed important to him.A) after whichB) for whichC) with whichD) at which61. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortableand ________ in a quiet neighborhood.A) all in allB) above allC) after allD) over all62. ________ we have finished the course, we shallstart doing more revision work.A) For nowB) Now thatC) Ever sinceD) By now63. What you have done is ________ the doctor’sorders.A) attached toB) responsible toC) resistant toD) contrary to64. John regretted ________ to the meeting lastweek.A) not goingB) not to goC) not having been goingD) not to be going65. They ________ in spite of the extremelydifficult conditions.A) carried outB) carried offC) carried onD) carried forward66. Mrs. Brown is supposed ________ for Italy lastweek.A) to have leftB) to be leavingC) to leaveD) to have been left67. My camera can be ________ to take pictures incloudy or sunny conditions.A) treatedB) adjustedC) adoptedD) remedied68. A new technique ________, the yields as awhole increased by 20 per cent.A) wording outB) having worded outC) having been worded outD) to have been worded out69. Children who are over-protected by their parentsmay become ________.A) hurtB) damagedC) spoiledD) harmed70. When Mr. Jones gets old, he will ________ over hisbusiness to his son.A) takeB) handC) thinkD) getPart III1990年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷41. The boy’s father bought him a large toy train________.A) which to play withB) to play with itC) to play withD) at which to play42. ________ you poor record in school, we think youshould study harder.A) In view ofB) In charge ofC) In spite ofD) In case of43. There are more than fifty proposals ________ atthe conference.A) discussedB) to be discussedC) discussingD) having been discussed44. Police have ________ to the public to comeforward with any information which might help them in their inquiries.A) urgedB) claimedC) appealedD) called45. I am sorry I ________ your glasses off the deskwhen I was wiping it.A) drewB) hitC) struckD) knocked46. Why don’t you have a night out? It would takeyour ________ off your worries.A) caresB) heartC) headD) mind47. Some hard plastics can be ________ metals inmanufacturing machine parts.A) substituted forB) taken the place ofC) replaced inD) given way to 48. His understanding made a deep impression________ the young girl.A) inB) onC) forD) to49. They have been trying to arrive at a practicalsolution ________ the problem.A) inB) toC) onD) with50. In many American families, parents feel thatchildren should make important decisions ________.A) to themselvesB) on themselvesC) of themselvesD) by themselves51. There is hardly an environment on earth ________some species of animal or other has not adapted successfully.A) to whichB) whereverC) so thatD) as to52. Some metals are better conductors of electricitythan others ________ means that the former have atom that contain more free electron than the latter.A) thatB) thisC) whichD) it53. A good friend is one who will ________ you whenyou are in trouble.A) stand forB) stand byC) stand up toD) stand up with54. The speaker ________ his notes before thelecture.A) ran downB) ran intoC) ran outD) ran over55. I find this treatment very ________ to myhealth.A) advisableB) invaluableC) beneficialD) worthy56. Don’t have him for a friend. He’s ________ acriminal.A) anything butB) but forC) rather thanD) nothing but57. Most doctors recognize that medicine is________.A) an art as much it is a scienceB) as much an art as it is a scienceC) as an art as much it is scienceD) much an art as it is a science58. As a ________ president, his views are treatedwith respect when he is interviewed.A) priorB) previousC) lateD) former59. It is highly desirable that a new president________ for this college.A) appointedB) be appointedC) is appointedD) has been appointed60. The supply of electric power to Madrid andneighboring districts has had to be ________.A) weakenedB) omittedC) restrictedD) lowered61. If the earth suddenly ________ spinning, we wouldall fly off it.A) had stoppedB) stoppedC) has stoppedD) would stop62. Is it advisable to ________ our body to thesunlight.A) revealB) displayC) exposeD) show63. He demanded that we explain what was happening,________?A) hadn’t weB) didn’t weC) hadn’t heD) didn’t he64. It was impossible to avoid ________ by the stormyweather.A) being much affectedB) to be much affectedC) having much affectedD) to have been much affected65. ________ in England. Anne Bradstreet bothadmired and imitated several English poets.A) Having born and educatedB) To be born and educatedC) Since born and educatedD) Born and educated66. After searching for half an hour, she realized thather glasses ________ on the table all the time.A) had been lyingB) had been lainC) have been lyingD) were lain67. They hurried there only to find the meetingcancelled. In fact, they ________ at all.A) might not have goneB) mustn’t have goneC) needn’t have goneD) wouldn’t have gone68. The time has come ________ we can makeextensive use of nuclear energy.A) whenB) whileC) asD) since69. Hardly ________ the helicopter ________ whenthe waiting crowd ran toward it.A) had ..., landedB) has ..., landedC) did..., landD) was..., landing70. ________ the punishment was unjust. Helenaccepted it without complaint.A) HoweverB) So long asC) Even thoughD) SincePart III Vocabulary and Structure1991年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes) 41. We had a party last month, and it was a lot of fun, solet’s have ________ one this month.A) anotherB) moreC) the otherD) other42. It was difficult to guess what her ________ to thenews would be.A) impressionB) reactionC) commentD) opinion43. I decided to go to the library as soon as I ________.A) finish what I didB) finished what I didC) would finish what I was doingD) finished what I was doing44. There were some ________ flowers on the table.A) artificialB) unnaturalC) falseD) unreal45. We are interested in the weather because it________ us so directly-what we wear, what we do, and even how we feel.A) benefitsB) affectsC) guidesD) effects46. Will all those ________ the proposal raise theirhands?A) in relation toB) in contrast toC) in excess ofD) in favor of47. Children are very curious ________.A) at heartB) in personC) on purposeD) by nature48. The match was cancelled because most of themembers ________ a match without a standard court.A) objected to havingB) were objected to haveC) objected to haveD) were objected to having49. The teacher doesn’t permit ________ in class.A) smokeB) to smokeC) smokingD) to have a smoke50. I like watching TV ________ to the cinema.A) more than to goB) than goingC) more than goingD) rather than to go51. I appreciate ________ to your home.A) to be invitedB) to have invitedC) having invitedD) being invited52. I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into________ when judging my examination.A) regardB) countingC) accountD) observation53. Y ou ________ all those calculations! We have acomputer to do that sort of thing.A) needn’t have doneB) must not have doneC) shouldn’t have doneD) can not have clone54. Important people don’t often have much free timeas their work ________ all their time.A) takes awayB) takes overC) takes upD) takes in55. When I was very young, I was terribly frightened ofschool, but I soon ________ it.A) got offB) got acrossC) got awayD) got over56. Many people complain of the rapid ________ ofmodern life.A) rateB) speedC) paceD) growth57. San Francisco is usually cool in the summer, butLos Angeles ________.A) is rarelyB) rarely isC) hardly isD) is scarcely58. The speaker, ________ for her splendidspeeches, was warmly received by the audience.A) having knownB) being knownC) knowingD) known59. American women were ________ the right tovote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.A) ignoredB) neglectedC) refusedD) denied60. I couldn’t find ________, and so I took this one.A) a large enough coatB) an enough large coatC) a large coat enoughD) a coat enough large61. I always ________ what I have said.A) get toB) hold toC) lead toD) see to62. No sooner had we reached the top of the hill________ we all sat down to rest.A) whenB) thenC) thanD) until63. Evidence came up ________ specific speechsounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.A) whatB) whichC) thatD) whose64. He moved away from his parents, and missed them________ enjoy the exciting life in New Y ork.A) too much toB) enough toC) very much toD) much so as to65. He was ________ of having asked such a sillyquestion.A) sorryB) guiltyC) ashamedD) miserable66. The last time we had a family reunion was________ my brother’s wedding ceremony four years ago.A) inB) atC) duringD) over67. What ________ would happen if the director knewyou felt that way?A) do you supposeB) you supposeC) will you supposeD) you would suppose68. ________ the advances of science, thediscomforts of old age will no doubt always be with us.A) As forB) BesidesC) ExceptD) Despite69. How close parents are to their children________ a strong influence on the character of the children.A) haveB) hasC) havingD) to have70. He ________ when the bus came to a suddenstop.A) was almost hurtB) was hurt himselfC) was to hurt himselfD) was hurting himselfPart III Vocabulary and Structure1992年1月41. I can’t understand how you ________ theseunpleasant surroundings.A) put outB) put downC) put up withD) put forward42. ________ you decide to take up you should try tomake it a success.A) WhateverB) UnlessC) WheneverD) If only43. If Harry did not attend the conference last night, he________ too much work to do.A) must have hadB) must haveC) had hadD) had to have had44. John often attends public lectures at the Universityof Oxford, chiefly ________ his English.A) to improveB) improvingC) to have improvedD) improved45. It was suggested at the meeting that effectivemeasures ________ to solve the problem.A) were takenB) be takenC) must be takenD) take46. I am ________ of your stupid conversation.A) annoyedB) worriedC) angryD) tired47. They are building the dam in ________ withanother firm.A) comparisonB) associationC) touchD) tune48. Most parents encourage their children to take anactive part in social events, ________ those events do not interfere with their studies.A) lestB) thoughC) unlessD) provided49. Orlando, a city in Florida, ________ for its mainattraction, Magic Kingdom.A) which is well knownB) is well knownC) well knownD) being well known50. He is ________ a writer as a reporter.A) moreB) ratherC) not so muchD) not much51. Jim is sorry ________ so impolite to your guestlast Saturday.A) to beB) having beenC) beingD) to have been52. I suppose that when I come back in ten years’time all these old houses ________ down.A) will have been pulledB) will have pulledC) will be pullingD) will be pulled53. To be sure, some insects can build complexsocieties ________ different types of individuals performing different tasks.A) taken fromB) made ofC) composed ofD) developed from54. The students will put off the outing until next week,________ they won’t be so busy.A) whenB) asC) sinceD) while55. I have not found my book yet; in fact, I am not sure________ I could have done with it.A) whetherB) whyC) whatD) when56. If you do not fasten your safety belt, your chancesof being ________ will be greater.A) beatenB) hurtC) damagedD) stricken57. “ ________” for many years, the writer suddenlybecame famous.A) Having ignored himB) To be ignoredC) To have been ignoredD) Having been ignored58. This bird’s large wings ________ it to fly very fast.A) ableB) enableC) unsureD) cause59. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wishI ________ to it.A) have not goneB) did not goC) had not goneD) should not have gone60. I don’t swim not, but I ________ when I was akid.A) used to itB) used to doing itC) used toD) used to do61. I found my daughter sitting in the kitchen,crying ________.A) stronglyB) bitterlyC) heavilyD) deeply62. Y ou are getting too old for football. Y ou’d better________ tennis instead.A) take inB) take upC) take forD) take over63. When the two young people were married, theceremony was anything ________ up to data.A) butB) besideC) exceptD) apart from64. He didn’t mention anything about the party,________ the date.A) either evenB) even norC) even neitherD) not even65. After being rescued from the air crash, the peopleagreed that they had much to ________.A) thankB) be thankedC) be thankfulD) be thankful for66. This new method not only saves time but also savesenergy ________ operating on two batteries instead to four.A) inB) onC) byD) for67. What ________ to him is whether the job allowshim to pursue his studies.A) mattersB) refersC) happensD) applies68. He said that very clearly so that nobody was in any________ about what was meant.A) doubtB) wonderC) questionD) consideration69. It is predicted that heavy rains are ________ toflood the area in a few days.A) frighteningB) threateningC) scatteringD) warning70. In most of the United States, the morningnewspaper is ________ by school age children.A) directedB) dischargedC) derivedD) delivered1992年6月41. Language has always been—as the phrasegoes—the mirror to society. English is no ________.A) explanationB) excuseC) exceptionD) expectation42. An investigation was made into the accident,________ fifty people were killed.A) for thatB) whereC) whenD) in which43. Some confusion has ________ about who canjoin the association.A) arisenB) liftedC) raisedD) retained44. It was unwise of him to ________ the unreliabledata in his speech.A) add toB) refer toC) keep toD) point to45. The money will be used to keep a space vehicle onthe moon busy ________ back to the earth photographs and other information about the surface of the moon.A) to sendB) being sentC) to be sentD) sending46. The ceremony was not for the ________ of thedead, but for the comfort of the living.A) purposeB) sakeC) respectD) impression47. Even if I had known her address, I ________ timeto write to her.A) can not have hadB) will not have hadC) must not have hadD) might not have had48. It suddenly occurred to Anne that money couldn’t________ all that Bob had suffered in the past five years.A) make up forB) make outC) live up toD) live through49. I think the Red Team will win the final game; it’s________ that they will.A) almost surelyB) rather possiblyC) very likelyD) quite certainly50. Television was not invented by any one person.________ into being overnight.A) Nor has it sprungB) Nor does it springC) Nor did it springD) Nor can it spring51. She accused the man ________ breaking intoher house.A) ofB) forC) atD) with52. He often stopped at the sound of his own stepsand was afraid to look ________ shoulder.A) overB) backC) roundD) beyond53. Go straight into the cave and find out what’s inthere, ________?A) don’t youB) do youC) will youD) can you54. The persons that have the greatest influence________ children are their teachers.A) inB) onC) forD) to55. Cambridge has announced plans to establish abusiness school ________ the master’s degree in business administration.A) representingB) presentingC) offeringD) supplying56. Many Europeans ________ the continent of Africain the 19th century.A) explodedB) exploredC) exposedD) expanded57. The police are ________ the records of all thoseinvolved in the crime.A) looking intoB) looking afterC) looking outD) looking on58. Building that railway was very difficult andinvolved ________ ten tunnels.A) digB) having dugC) to have dugD) digging59. ________ with the picture. Mary tore it to pieces.A) Dissatisfying thoroughlyB) Being thoroughly dissatisfiedC) To dissatisfy thoroughlyD) To be thoroughly dissatisfied60. ________ you are familiar with the author’s ideas,try reading all the sections as quickly as you possibly can.A) As long asB) Ever sinceC) So thatD) Now that61. ________ its hot sun and beautiful beaches. Hawaiiis a fine place to live in or to visit.A) AsB) WithC) FromD) For62. Bob’s leg got hurt ________ the PurpleMountains.A) while he is climbing upB) while we were climbing upC) while we climbed upD) while he climbed up63. There are certain ________ when you mustinterrupt people who are in the middle of doing something.A) conditionsB) situationsC) occasionsD) environments64. The time is not far away ________ moderncommunications will become widespread in China’s vast countryside.A) whenB) asC) untilD) before65. It was proposed that the matter ________discussed at the next meeting.A) will beB) hasC) beD) would be66. He didn’t go to the party, but he does wish he________ there.A) would beB) has beenC) would have beenD) had been67. Pick me up at 8 o’clock. I ________ my bath bythen.A) may haveB) will be havingC) can have hadD) will have had68. She was so angry that she felt like ________something at him.A) to throwB) to have thrownC) throwingD) having thrown69. Y ou should hire a more ________ manager than theone you currently have.A) sufficientB) effectiveC) respectiveD) efficient70. Pupils who pass the test will be ________ to thenext grade.A) promotedB) proceededC) progressedD) proposed93年1月41. If you smoke in a non-smoking section people________.A) have objectedB) objectedC) must objectD) will object42. There was a ________ drop in support for theUnion in the 1974 election.A) delicateB) distinctC) distantD) downward43. The computer works very fast, ________ data atthe speed of light.A) having handledB) handingC) handledD) hands44. Through out his life, Henry Moore ________ aninterest in encouraging art in the city of Leeds.A) containedB) securedC) reservedD) maintained45. They claim that ________ 1,000 factories closeddown during the economic crisis.A) sufficientlyB) approximatelyC) considerablyD) properly46. If you happen to ________ my lost papers whileyou’re looking for your book, please let me know at once by telephone.A) come acrossB) come upC) come toD) properly47. Her fluency in English gives her an advantage________ other girls for the job.A) aboveB) overC) thanD) with48. It is ________ impossible to find a goodeducational computer program in this part of the country.A) barelyB) hardlyC) merelyD) nearly49. What he told us about the affair simply doesn’tmake any ________.A) senseB) ideaC) meaningD) significance50. As a mother, she is too ________ towards herdaughter, she should let her see more of the world.A) hopefulB) protectiveC) modestD) confident51. “Doesn’t he know that it is not ________?” “Y es,he does.”A) truthB) some truthC) the truthD) any truth52. That tree looked as if it ________ for a long time.A) hasn’t wateredB) didn’t waterC) hadn’t been wateredD) wasn’t watered53. Hitler set out to conquer all of Europe in thebelief that the Germans were the master ________.A) raceB) humanC) bloodD) brains54. Ever since Picasso’s painting went on exhibit,there ________ large crowds at the museum every day.A) isB) has beenC) have beenD) are being55. Don’t forget to walk the dog while I am away,________.A) can youB) shall youC) do youD) will you56. It is a pity that we should stay at home when wehave ________ weather.A) so fineB) such a fineC) such fineD) so fine a57. There were beautiful clothes ________ in theshop windows.A) spreadB) displayedC) exposedD) located 58. Mr. Smith advised us to withdraw ________.A) so that to get not involvedB) so as to get not involvedC) so as not to get involvedD) so that not to get involved59. ________ in a seemingly endless war, the generalwas forced to evaluate the situation again.A) Since the loss of 50,000 soldiersB) Because of 50,000 soldiers having lostC) Having lost over 50,000 soldiersD) 50,000 soldiers were lost60. Knowing something as a whole is far from knowingall its ________.A) instanceB) characterC) itemsD) details61. ________ for your laziness, you could havefinished the assignment by now.A) Had it not beenB) It were notC) Weren’t itD) Had not it been62. The minister had his secretaries ________ a pressconference.A) arrangeB) to arrangeC) arrangingD) arranged63. She left the reception early because she ________get up early the next morning.A) neededB) mightC) used toD) had to64. Let’s not wait any longer, he might not________ at all.A) turn overB) turn upC) used toD) turn down65. Anne couldn’t concentr ate ________ what shewas doing while her family were watching TV.A) toB) onC) forD) in66. My wife said in her letter that she wouldappreciate ________ from you sometime.A) to have heardB) to hearC) having heardD) hearing67. ________ men have learned much from thebehavior of animals in badly new.A) ThatB) ThoseC) WhatD) Whether68. It’s necessary ________ the dictionaryimmediately.A) that he will returnB) that he returnedC) that he returnD) that he has to return69. Franklin’s ability to learn from observations andexperience ________ greatly to his success in public life.A) contributedB) owedC) attachedD) related70. The manager assured the customer that hiscomplaint would be seen ________ immediately.A) toB) atC) onD) with41. Jean did not have time to go to the concert last nightbecause she was busy ________ for her examination.A) to prepareB) to be preparedC) preparingD) being prepared42. Five minutes earlier, ________ we could havecaught the last train.A) andB) butC) or。

2002年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the center.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o‘clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) ―5 hours‖ is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) She has to post a letter instead.B) She has to turn down the man‘s request.C) She‘s not sure if the computer is fixed.D) She can‘t send the message right now.2. A) He didn‘t get the book he needed.B) He had no idea where the book was.C) The library is closed on weekends.D) He was not allowed to check out the book.3. A) Play a tape recorder.B) Take a picture.C) Repair a typewriter.D) Start a car.4. A) The woman rejected the man‘s apology.B) The woman appreciated the man‘s offer.C) The man had forgotten the whole thing.D) The man had hurt the woman‘s feelings.5. A) The woman is meeting the man at the airport.B) They are complaining about the poor airport service.C) They are discussing their plan for Christmas.D) The man is seeing the woman off.6. A) She plans to go to graduate school.B) She will drop out of school.C) She will stop working and concentrate on her studies.D) She will take a part-time job.7. A) He needs another job as research assistant.B) He asked Professor Williams for assistance.C) He assists Professor Williams with his teaching.D) He is doing research with Professor Williams.8. A) She thought there were no tickets left for the show.B) She thought the seats on the left side were fully occupied.C) The show was planned a long time ago.D) The audience were deeply impressed by the show.9. A) Mr. Long‘s briefing was unnecessarily long.B) The woman should have been more attentive.C) Mr. Long‘s briefing was not relevant to the mission.D) The woman needn‘t have attended the briefing.10. A) In a bank.B) In a school.C) In a clothing store.D) In a barbershop.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecenter.Passage oneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Because the bird couldn‘t repeat his master‘s name.B) Because the bird screamed all day long.C) Because the bird uttered the wrong word.D) Because the bird failed to say the name of the town.12. A) The cruel master.B) The man in the kitchen.C) The pet bird.D) The fourth chicken.13. A) The bird bad finally understood his threat.B) The bird managed to escape from the chicken house.C) The bird had learned to scream back at him.D) The bird was living peacefully with the chickens.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They are kept in open prisons.B) They are allowed out of the prison grounds.C) They are ordered to do cooking and cleaning.D) They are a small portion of the prison population.15. A) Some of their prisoners are allowed to study or work outside prisons.B) Most of their prisoners are expected to work.C) Their prisoners are often sent to special centers for skill training.D) Their prisoners are allowed freedom to visit their families.16. A) They are encouraged to do maintenance for the training centre.B) Most of them get paid for their work.C) They have to cook their own meals.D) They can choose to do community work.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) Because they have a driving license.B) Because they have received special training.C) Because the traffic conditions in London are good.D) Because the traffic system of the city is not very complex.18. A) Two to four months.B) About three weeks.C) At least half a year.D) Two years or more.19. A) Government officers are hard to please.B) The learner has to go through several tough tests.C) The learner usually fails several times before he passes it.D) The driving test usually last tow months.20. A) They don‘t want their present bosses to know what they‘re doing.B) They want to earn money from both jobs.C) They cannot earn money as taxi drivers yet.D) They look forward to further promotion.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage oneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future.The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types.Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion (拥挤). One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway system.When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable (可伸缩的) arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all of the car‘s movements.The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the highway. The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer (蜂鸣器) that will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway.21. One significant improvement in the future car will probably be ________.A) its power sourceB) its driving systemC) its monitoring systemD) its seating capacity22. What is the author‘s main concern?A) How to render automobiles pollution-free.B) How to make smaller and safer automobiles.C) How to solve the problem of traffic jams.D) How to develop an automated subway system.23. What provides autos with electric power in an automated highway system?A) A rail.B) An engine.C) A retractable arm.D) A computer controller.24. In an automated highway system, all the driver needs to do is ________.A) keep in the right laneB) wait to arrive at his destinationC) keep in constant touch with the computer centerD) inform the system of his destination by phone25. What is the author‘s attitude toward the future of autos?A) Enthusiastic.B) Pessimistic.C) Optimistic.D) Cautious.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Foxes and farmers have never got on well. These small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them.Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox population. Hunting consists of pursuing a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox they kill it or a hunter shoots it.People who take part in hunting think of as a sport; they wear a special uniform of red coats and white trousers, and follow strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy.It is estimated that up to 100,000 people watch or take part in fox hunting. But over the last couple of decades the number of people opposed to fox hunting, because they think it is brutal (残酷的), has risen sharply. Nowadays it is rare for a hunt to pass off without some kind of confrontation (冲突) between hunters and hunt saboteurs (阻拦者). Sometimes these incidents lead to violence, but mostly saboteurs interfere with the hunt by misleading riders and disturbing the trail of the fox‘s smell, which the dogs follow.Noisy confrontations between hunters and saboteurs have become so common that they are almost as much a part of hunting as the pursuit of foxes itself. But this year supporters of fox hunting face a much bigger threat to their sport. A Labour Party Member of the Parliament, Mike Foster, is trying to get Parliament to approve a new law which will make the hunting of wild animals with dogs illegal. If the law is passed, wild animals like foxes will be protected under the ban in Britain.26. Rich people in Britain have been hunting foxes ________.A) for recreationB) in the interests of the farmersC) to limit the fox populationD) to show off their wealth27. What is special about fox hunting in Britain?A) It involves the use of a deadly poison.B) It is a costly event which rarely occurs.C) The hunters have set rules to follow.D) The hunters have to go through strict training.28. Fox hunting opponents often interfere in the game ________.A) by resorting to violenceB) by confusing the fox huntersC) by taking legal actionD) by demonstrating on the scene29. A new law may be passed by the British Parliament to ________.A) prohibit farmers from hunting foxesB) forbid hunting foxes with dogsC) stop hunting wild animals in the countrysideD) prevent large-scale fox hunting30. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A) killing foxes with poison is illegalB) limiting the fox population is unnecessaryC) hunting foxes with dogs is considered cruel and violentD) fox-hunting often leads to confrontation between the poor and the richPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.For an increasing number of students at American universities, Old is suddenly in. The reason is obvious: the graying of America means jobs, coupled with the aging of the baby-boom (生育高峰) generation, a longer life span means that the nation‘s elderly population is bound to expand significantly over the next 50 years. By 2050, 25 percent of all Americans will be older than 65, up from 14 percent in 1995. The change poses profound questions for government and society, of course. But it also creates career opportunities in medicine and health professions, and in law and business as well. ―In addition to the doctors, we‘re going to need more sociologists, biologists, urban planners and specialized lawyers,‖ says Professor Edward Schneider of the University of Southern California‘s (USC) School of Gerontology (老年学).Lawyers can specialize in ―elder law,‖which covers everything from trusts and estates to nursing-home abuse and age discrimination (歧视). Businessmen see huge opportunities in the elder market because the baby boomers, 74 million strong, are likelyto be the wealthiest group of retirees in human history. ―Any student who combines an expert knowledge in gerontology with, say, an MBA or law degree will have a license to print money,‖ one professor says.Margarite Santos is a 21-year-old senior at USC. She began college as a biology major but found she was ―really bored with bacteria.‖ So she took a class in gerontology and discovered that she lied it. She says, ―I did volunteer work in retirement homes and it was very satisfying.‖31. ―... Old is suddenly in‖ (Line 1, Para. 1) most probably means ―________‖.A) America has suddenly become a nation of old peopleB) gerontology has suddenly become popularC) more elderly professors are found on American campusesD) American colleges have realized the need of enrolling older students32. With the aging of America, lawyers can benefit ________.A) from the adoption of the ―elder law‖B) from rendering special services to the elderlyC) by enriching their professional knowledgeD) by winning the trust of the elderly to promote their own interests33. Why can businessmen make money in the emerging elder market?A) Retirees are more generous in spending money.B) They can employ more gerontologists.C) The elderly possess an enormous purchasing power.D) There are more elderly people working than before.34. Who can make big money in the new century according to the passage?A) Retirees who are business-minded.B) The volunteer workers in retirement homes.C) College graduates with an MBA or law degree.D) Professionals with a good knowledge of gerontology.35. It can be seen from the passage that the expansion of America‘s elderly population________.A) will provide good job opportunities in many areasB) will impose an unbearable burden on societyC) may lead to nursing home abuse and age discriminationD) will create new fields of study in universitiesPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.The decline in moral standards—which has long concerned social analysts—has at last captured the attention of average Americans. And Jean Bethke Elshtain, for one, is glad.The fact the ordinary citizens are now starting to think seriously about the nation‘s moral climate, says this ethics (伦理学) professor at the University of Chicago, is reason to hope that new ideas will come forward to improve it.But the challenge is not to be underestimated. Materialism and individualism in American society are the biggest obstacles. ―The thought that ‗I‘m in it for me‘has become deeply rooted in the national consciousness,‖ Ms. Elshtain says.Some of this can be attributed to the disintegration of traditional communities, in which neighbors looked out for one another, she says. With today‘s greater mobility and with so many couples working, those bonds have been weakened, replaced by a greater emphasis on self.In a 1996 poll of Americans, loss of morality topped the list of the biggest problems facing the U.S. and Elshtain says the public is correct to sense that: Data show that Americans are struggling with problems unheard of in the 1950s, such as classroom violence and a high rate of births to unmarried mothers.The desire for a higher moral standard is not a lament (挽歌) for some nonexistent ―golden age,‖Elshtain says, nor is it a wishful (一厢情愿的) longing for a time that denied opportunities to women and minorities. Most people, in fact, favor the lessening of prejudice.Moral decline will not be reversed until people find ways to counter the materialism in society, she says. ―Slowly, you recognize that the things that matter are those that cant‘be bought.‖36. Professor Elshtain is pleased to see that Americans ________.A) have adapted to a new set of moral standardsB) are longing for the return of the good old daysC) have realized the importance of material thingsD) are awakening to the lowering of their moral standards37. The moral decline of American society is caused manly by ________.A) its growing wealthB) the self-centeredness of individualsC) underestimating the impact of social changesD) the prejudice against women and minorities38. Which of the following characterizes the traditional communities?A) Great mobility.B) Concern for one‘s neighbors.C) Emphasis on individual effort.D) Ever-weakening social bonds.39. In the 1950s, classroom violence ________.A) was something unheard ofB) was by no means a rare occurrenceC) attracted a lot of pubic attentionD) began to appear in analysts‘ data40. According to Elshtain, the current moral decline may be reversed ________.A) if people can return to the ―golden age‖B) when women and mean enjoy equal rightsC) when people rid themselves of prejudiceD) if less emphasis is laid on material thingsPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that bestcompletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the center.41. By the time you get to New York, I ________ for London.A) would be leavingB) am leavingC) have already leftD) shall have left42. The article suggests that when a person ________ under unusual stress he should beespecially careful to have a well-balanced diet.A) isB) wereC) beD) was43. The lawyer advised him to drop the ________, since he stands little chance to win.A) eventB) incidentC) caseD) affair44. Sometimes children have trouble ________ fact from fiction and may believe thatsuch things actually exist.A) to separateB) separatingC) for separatingD) of separating45. He is quite sure that it‘s ________ impossible for him to fulfill the task within twodays.A) absolutelyB) exclusivelyC) fullyD) roughly46. There was a big hole in the road which ________ the traffic.A) set backB) stood backC) held upD) kept down47. Many a delegate was in favor of his proposal that a special committee ________ toinvestigate the incident.A) were set upB) was set upC) be set upD) set up48. In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives play ________ roles inraising children.A) incapableB) indispensableC) insensibleD) infinite49. Eye contact is important because wrong contact may create a communication________.A) tragedyB) vacuumC) questionD) barrier50. There was such a long line at the exhibition ________ we had to wait for about halfan hour.A) asB) thatC) soD) hence51. There is no ________ to there house from the main road.A) accessB) avenueC) exposureD) edge52. ________ energy under the earth must be released in one form or another, forexample, an earthquake.A) AccumulatedB) GatheredC) AssembledD) Collected53. He wasn‘t appointed chairman of the committee, ________ not very popular withall its members.A) to be consideredB) consideringC) being consideredD) having considered54. The twentieth century has witnessed an enormous worldwide political, economicand cultural ________.A) traditionB) transportationC) transmissionD) transformation55. The ________ stuck on the envelope says ―By Air‖.A) diagramB) labelC) signalD) mark56. Mobile telecommunications ________ is expected to double in Shanghai this yearas a result of a contract signed between the two companies.A) capacityB) potentialC) possessionD) impact57. Reading ________ the lines, I would say that the Government are more worriedthan they will admit.A) behindB) betweenC) alongD) among58. My brother‘s plans are very ________; he wants to master English, French andSpanish before he is sixteen.A) arbitraryB) aggressiveC) ambitiousD) abundant59. Things might have been much worse if the mother ________ on her right to keepthe baby.A) has been insistingB) had insistedC) would insistD) insisted60. The statistical figures in that report are not ________. You should not refer to them.A) accurateB) fixedC) delicate61. Contrast may make something appear more beautiful than it is when ________alone.A) seenB) is seenC) to be seenD) having been seen62. The football game comes to you ________ from New York.A) livelyB) aliveC) liveD) living63. None of us expected the chairman to ________ at the party. We thought he was stillin hospital.A) turn inB) turn overC) turn upD) turn down64. The mother didn‘t know who ________ for the broken glass.A) blamedB) be blamedC) to blameD) would blame65. He ________ to his customers and halved the price.A) leakedB) drewC) quotedD) yielded66. Tryon was extremely angry, but cool-headed enough to ________ storming into theboss‘s office.A) preventB) prohibitC) turn67. All flights ________ because of the terrible weather, they had to go there by train.A) having been canceledB) had been canceledC) having canceledD) were canceled68. The author of the report is well ________ with the problems in the hospital becausehe has been working there for many years.A) informedB) acquaintedC) enlightenedD) acknowledged69. The boy spent as much time watching TV as he ________ studying.A) doesB) hadC) wasD) did70. The ships‘generator broke down, and the pumps had to be operated ________instead of mechanically.A) manuallyB) artificiallyC) automaticallyD) syntheticallyPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You shouldchoose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.One summer night, on my way home from work I decided to see a movie. I knew the theatre would be air-conditioned and I couldn‘t face my __71__ apartment.Sitting in the theatre I had to look through the __72__ between the two tall heads in front of me. I had to keep changing the __73__ every time she learned over to talk to him, __74__ he leaned over to kiss her. Why do Americans display such __75__ in a publicplace?I thought the movie would be good for my English, but __76__ it turned out, it was an Italian move. __77__ about an hour I decided to give up on the movie and __78__ on my popcorn (爆玉米花). I‘ve never understood why they give you so much popcorn! It tasted pretty good, __79__. After a while I heard __80__ more of the romantic-sounding Italians. I just heard the __81__ of the popcorn crunching (咀嚼) between my teeth. My thought stated to __82__. I remembered when I was is South Korea (韩国), I __83__ to watch Kojak on TV frequently. He spoke perfect Korean—I was really amazed. He seemed like a good friend to me, __84__ I saw him again in New York speaking __85__ English instead of perfect Korean. He didn‘t even have a Korean accent and I __86__ like I had been betrayed.When our family moved to the United States six years ago, none of us spoke any English. __87__ we had begun to learn a few words, my mother suggested that we all should speak English at home. Everyone agreed, but our house became very __88__ and we all seemed to avoid each other. We sat at the dinner table in silence, preferring that to __89__ in a difficult language. Mother tried to say something in English but it __90__ out all wrong and we all burst into laughter and decided to forget it! We‘ve been speaking Korean at home ever since.71. A) warmB) hotC) heatedD) cool72. A) crackB) blankC) breakD) opening73. A) aspectB) viewC) spaceD) angle74. A) whileB) wheneverC) orD) and75. A) attractionB) attentionC) affectionD) motion76. A) sinceB) whenC) whatD) as77. A) WithinB) AfterC) ForD) Over78. A) concentrateB) chewC) fixD) taste79. A) tooB) stillC) thoughD) certainly80. A) muchB) anyC) noD) few81. A) voiceB) soundC) rhythmD) tone82. A) wonderB) wanderC) imagineD) depart83. A) enjoyedB) happenedC) turnedD) used84. A) untilB) becauseC) thenD) therefore85. A) artificialB) informalC) perfectD) practical86. A) feltB) lookedC) seemedD) appeared87. A) WhileB) IfC) BeforeD) Once88. A) emptyB) quietC) stiffD) calm89. A) tellingB) utteringC) sayingD) speaking90. A) workedB) gotC) cameD) madePart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service onCampus. You should write at least 100 words, and base your compositionon the outline given in Chinese below:假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼有而有之。

1991年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be pause. During the pause, you must read the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a linethrough the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. There fore, A) “At the office” is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) Bill always comes on time.B) Bill will be on time.C) Bill will be late again.D) Bill won’t come.2. A) They don’t know how to spend the money they have.B) They don’t know how to spend the next two weeks.C) They need money badly.D) They only have part-time jobs.3. A) One.B) Two.C) Three.D) Four.4. A) These figures are not correct.B) These figures are correct.C) These figures are probably correct.D) These figures are probably not correct.5. A) In October.B) In April.C) She isn’t certain.D) Between April and October.6. A) Jane speaks three languages.B) Jane speaks four languages.C) Jane speaks English only.D) Jane does not speak English.7. A) The damage to the store.B) The possible harm to the people nearby.C) The punishment given to the crazy man.D) The reason for the crazy action.8. A) She is going to give up biology.B) She spends half of her time on biology.C) To her, biology is difficult, but math is not.D) To her, math is even more difficult than biology.9. A) There was a shower.B) There was a car accident.C) There was a fire.D) There was a heavy snow.10. A) They are very rewarding.B) They are too easy.C) They are inexpensive.D) They are not worth the trouble.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 14 based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) The speaker’s friend.B) The speaker.C) The friend’s mother.D) The mother’s friend.12. A) They are strangers.B) They are neighbours.C) They are friends.D) They are old schoolmates.13. A) To return the shoes to the store.B) To pay the manager a visit.C) To buy more of the 12-dollar shoes.D) To complain about the price of the shoes.14. A) 12 dollarsB) 20 dollarsC) Less than 12 dollarsD) More than 12 dollarsPassage TwoQuestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. A) Short and cool.B) Long and cool.C) Long and hot.D) Short and hot.16. A) Because the price was too high.B) Because Alaska has an extremely cold winter.C) Because they thought Alaska was a useless land.D) Because the climatic difference there is too great.17. A) No, only a few became rich.B) No, none became rich.C) No, very few people had actually found gold.D) Yes, hundreds of thousands of people became rich.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) She was driving along a country road.B) She was lying near a lonely road, trembling.C) She was lying in a hospital bed.D) She was telling an astonishing story to a doctor.19. A) She fainted due to the effects of some drug.B) She was stopped by a policeman and treated rudely.C) She was attacked by robbers.D) She was stopped and forced to enter a flying saucer.20. A) The women made up an astonishing story.B) The women had intended to leave her husband without a word.C) The women had been taken over a thousand miles away from her home.D) The women had been dishonest to her husband.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.The aim of the teacher is to get his pupils as quickly as possible over the period in which each printed symbol is looked at for its shape, and arrive at the stage when the pupil looks at words and phrases, for their meaning, almost without noticing the shapes of the separate letters.When a good reader is at work he does not look at letters, nor even at words, one by one however quickly; he takes in the meaning of two, three, or four words at a time, in a single moment. Watch carefully the eyes of a person who is reading, and it will be seen that they do not travel smoothly along the lines of print, but they move by jumps separated by very short stops. The eyes of a very good reader move quickly, taking long jumps and making very short halts (停顿); the eyes of a poor reader move more slowly, taking only short jumps and stopping longer at each halt. Sometimes, when he meets a difficulty, he even goes backwards to see again what has already been looked at once.The teacher’s task is therefore clear: it is to train his pupils to take in several words at a glance (one eye-jump’) and to remove the necessity for going backwards to read something a second time.This shows at once that letter-by-letter, or syllable-by-syllable, or word-by-word reading, with the finger pointing to the word, carefully fixing each one in turn, is wrong. It is wrong because such a method ties the pupil’s eyes down to a very short jump, and the aim is to train for the long jump. Moreover, a very short jump is too short to provide any meaning or sense; and it will be found that having struggled with three or four words separately, the pupil has to look at them again, all together and in one group, in order to get the meaning of the whole phrase.21. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the first paragraph?A) Pupils should be trained to reach quickly the stage of reading without having toconcentrate on the separate symbols.B) Pupils should look at each printed symbol for its meaning as well as for its shape.C) Teachers should help their pupils avoid looking at the shape of the printedsymbols.D) Teachers should tell their pupils the different stages of their study.22. In a single moment, a good reader picks up ________.A) several wordsB) several phrasesC) several sentencesD) several lines23. According to the passage, which of the following is FALSE?A) The eyes of a good reader make short halts and long jumps.B) The eyes of a bad reader take in the meaning of one word at a time.C) The eyes of a bad reader take only short jumps.D) The eyes of a good reader move steadily.24. One may have to read something a second time if ________.A) there is enough timeB) one reads too fastC) the passage is very longD) one reads word by word25. The main idea of the last paragraph is that ________.A) word-by-word reading is highly inefficientB) the pupil’s eyes should focus on groups of syllables instead of single syllablesC) pupils have to move their eyes back and forth when readingD) finger pointing in reading helps the pupil concentrate on meaningPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Television has changed the lifestyle of people in every Industrialized country in the world. In the United States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some interesting observations have been made.Television, although not essential, has become an important part of most people’s lives. It alters peoples’ ways of seeing the world; in many ways, it supports and sustains (维持) modern life. Television has become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major transmitter of culture, a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer; the poor quality of programming does not elevate (提高) people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs.Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible, to do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging.Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago. The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.26. According to the author American television is poor in quality because ________.A) advertisers are interested in experimenting with new ideasB) it is still at an early stage of development, compared with the radioC) the programs have to be developed in the interests of the sponsors for economicreasonsD) it is controlled by radio companies27. The second paragraph is mainly about ________.A) TV as the sustainer of American lifeB) TV as the major transmitter of cultureC) the educational effect of TV on societyD) the strong influence and the poor quality of American TV28. In the author’s view American TV should ________.A) be critical but entertainingB) be creative and educationalC) change with the development of societyD) attract as many viewers as possible29. The author believes that television in the United States has become important tomost people because ________.A) it promotes family unityB) it helps them develop their speaking abilityC) it affects their life in many waysD) it challenges society30. The author’s attitude towards American television is ________.A) criticalB) praisingC) doubtfulD) sympatheticPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.“... We are not about to enter the Information Age but instead are rather well into it.”Present predictions are that by 1990, about thirty million jobs in the United States, or about thirty percent of the job market, will be computer-related. In 1980, only twenty-one percent of all United States high schools owned one or more computers for student use. In the fall of 1985, a new survey revealed that half of United States secondary schools have fifteen or more computers for student use. And now educational experts, administrators, and even the general public are demanding that all students become “computer literate (慢点…的).”“By the year 2000 knowledge of computers will be necessary in over eighty percent of all occupations. Soon those people not educated incomputer use will be compared to those who are print illiterate today.”What is “computer literacy”? The term itself seems to imply soon extent of “knowing” about computers, but knowing what. The current opinion seems to be that this should include a general knowledge of what computers are, plus a little of their history and something of how they operate.Therefore, it is vital that educators everywhere take a careful look not only at what is being done, but also at what should be done in the field of computer education. Today most adults are capable of utilising a motor vehicle without the slightest knowledge of how the internal-combustion engine works. We effectively use all types of electrical equipment without being able to tell their histories or to explain how they work. Business people for years have made good use of typewriters and adding machines, yet few have ever known how to repair them. Why, then, attempt to teach computers by teaching how or why they work?Rather, we first must concentrate on teaching the effective use of the computer as the tool is.“Knowing how to use a computer is what’s going to be important, we don’t talk about ‘automobile literacy. ‘ We just get in our cars and drive them.”31. In 1990, the number of jobs having nothing to do with computers in the UnitedStates will be reduced to ________.A) 79 millionB) 30 millionC) 70 millionD) 100 million32. The expression “Print illiterate” (Para. 1, Line 16) refers to ________.A) one who has never learnt printingB) one who is not computer literateC) one who has never learnt to readD) one who is not able to use a typewriter33. The first paragraph is mainly about ________.A) recent predictions of computer-related jobsB) the wide use of computers in schoolsC) the urgency of computer educationD) public interest in computers34. According to the author, the effective way to spread the use of computers is to teach________.A) what computers areB) how to use computersC) where computers can be usedD) how computers work35. Which of the following statements is FALSE?A) What to teach about computers should be reconsidered.B) Those who are not educated in computer use will find it difficult to get a job.C) Human society has already entered the Information Age.D) Those who want to use computers should know how computers operate.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Editor:While a new school term is about to begin, perhaps we should reconsider the matter of examinations. In July, two writers (Letters to the Editor) praised the cancellation of exams because they believe “tests don’t tell the whole story.”As a teacher who has worked in four countries, I have had the experience that a student who earns good marks is generally a good student, and that a student’s final mark in a subject is usually a grade average of the year’s work. Of course there are exceptions, but they do not have the frequency that would give an unfair picture of a student’s ability.The simple fact is that proper class work, diligent exam studies and good marks are almost certain indicators of a student’s future performance. The opposite, almost certainly, incompetence.There is no acceptable substitute for competition and examination of quality. How can teachers and future officials determine what a student has learned and remembered? Should we simply take the student word for it? Any institution that “liberates” students from fair and formal exams is misguided, if not ignorant. And surely the “graduates” of such institutions will lack trustworthiness, not to mention being rejected by foreign universities for graduate or other studies.When all is said and done, I sense that a fear of failure and a fear of unpleasant comparison with others is at the bottom of most ban-exams (废除考试) talk. Excellence and quality fear nothing. On the contrary, they seek competition and desire the satisfaction of being the best.36. Which of the following will the author of this passage probably agree with?A) Tests are not effective in measuring the students’ abilities.B) Tests are an effective measure of the students’ abilities.C) Tests can only measure some of the students’ abilities.D) Tests may not be useful for measuring students’ abilities.37. The two writers mentioned in the first paragraph ________.A) opposed judging students by the results of examsB) must have proposed other ways of testing studentsC) regarded exams as a way of punishing studentsD) seem to be worried about the poor marks of their students38. According to the letter, a student’s final mark ________.A) is often encouragingB) often gives a fair picture of the year’s workC) often proves unreliableD) often tells whether he likes the subject of not39. If a student graduated from a university which does not require exams he would________.A) have to continue his studiesB) have a feeling of failureC) be incompetentD) not be admitted by foreign institutions40. According to the letter, those who dislike the idea of examinations are probablyafraid of ________.A) competing with other studentsB) being graded unfairlyC) working too hardD) being dismissed from schoolPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that bestcompletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the centre.41. It is not difficult to ________ the idea that machines may communicate informationto us.A) admitB) receiveC) acceptD) convince42. I have not the least ________ of hurting your feelings.A) conceptB) intentionC) mindD) purpose43. As the shortage of certain metals approaches, others must be found to take their________.A) shareB) placeC) roleD) shape44. The new power station is reported ________ within three years.A) to have completedB) to have been completedC) having Been completedD) to complete45. Mary is in bed with a fever and she can’t hope to ________ the cold in a few day.A) get overB) get awayC) get offD) get out46. Although the weather was very had, the buses still ran on ________.A) listB) planC) scheduleD) arrangement47. The situation today is obviously quite different from ________ it was only 50 yearsago.A) whatB) whichC) whenD) such48. Soon, Americans hope, the rains will return and ease the hardship ________ U.S.farmers.A) facedB) facesC) facingD) to face49. Ever since the family moved to the suburbs last year, they ________ better health.A) could have enjoyedB) have been enjoyingC) had enjoyedD) are enjoying50. It is much easier to talk about social change than to ________.A) bring it onB) bring it aboutC) burning it upD) bring it out51. Jane was hit on the head by the robber and was knocked ________.A) mindlessB) unawareC) brainlessD) unconscious52. He likes doing some reading at home to the cinema.A) than to goB) than goingC) more than goingD) rather than to go53. ________ neglecting our education, my father sent my brother and me to a summerschool.A) Accused ofB) Accusing ofC) That he was accused ofD) To be accused of54. I bought a new house last year, but I ________ my old house yet, so at the moment Ihave two houses.A) did not sellB) do not sellC) had not soldD) have not sold55. She didn’t regret paying 200 dollars for the bookcase. As a matter or a fact, shewould gladly have paid ________ for it.A) as much twiceB) much as twiceC) as twice muchD) twice as much56. By the time you get to Beijing tomorrow, I ________ for Shanghai.A) am leavingB) should have leftC) will leaveD) have already left57. It was essential that all the necessary documents ________ to the president’s officebeing the end of this month.A) be handed inB) must be handed inC) shouldD) had been handed in58. The car is quite ________ of petrol.A) economicB) economicalC) savingD) sparing59. The traffic was very heavy; otherwise I ________ here 50 minutes sooner.A) would beB) should beC) had beenD) would have been60. ________ his great wealth, he always remained a man of simple tastes.A) Except forB) With regard toC) DespiteD) Although61. The socks were too small and it was only by ________ them that he managed to getthem on.A) spreadingB) extendingC) lengtheningD) stretching62. Language can be defined as a tool by which human beings ________ with oneanother.A) associateB) connectC) communicateD) correspond63. As a small boy, he was slow ________ learning to read and write.A) onB) withC) inD) about64. Tony was ________ a mile of the hotel when he ran out of petrol.A) withinB) insideC) aboutD) off65. It has been rather costly to install the machinery, but it will prove to be worth themoney ________.A) in the long runB) in conclusionC) at long lastD) at the end66. I don’t know why he ________ in the middle of a sentence.A) broke offB) broke outC) broke throughD) broke away67. I’m sorry Andy didn’t want to go to the conference. ________ willing to go wewould have paid all his expenses.A) BeingB) Was heC) He had beenD) Had he been68. The minister was the person ________.A) whom the state dinner was given in honourB) for whom the state dinner was given honourC) whose honour the state dinner was givenD) in whose honour the state dinner was given69. The young driver looked over the engine carefully lest it ________ on the way.A) goes wrongB) would go wrongC) went wrongD) should go wrong70. John had been working hard and ________.A) so his brother hadB) so had his brotherC) so was his brotherD) so his brother didPart IV Close (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You shouldchoose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Albert Einstein is said to have been asked by a student, “what finding helped youmost when you were __71__ the theory of relativity?” Einstein replied without __72__ moment’s hesitation. “Finding how to __73__ about the problem.”The same __74__ is told about Sir Isaac Newton and __75__ other scientists. We have no proof __76__ any of these well-known conversations __77__ took place, but we are prepared to __78__ that they did, and, if so, that the __79__ was the same one Einstein gave, __80__ this is the “way scientists work __81__ sc ience progresses.”Scientists usually work toward models of the process of structure they are studying. __82__ we have models of the structure __83__ the universe and of the atom, models of the process __84__ which the genetic (遗传的) pattern is passed from one building block of life to __85__ models of the economic system and __86__ on. Some models are mathematical, but a __87__ does not have to have equations (方程) or even diagrams; the __88__ requirement is no doubt that it __89__ an insight (洞察) into the relationships that determine __90__ something works as it does or how it is put together.71. A) designingB) inventingC) revealingD) developing72. A) aB) theC) anD) some73. A) knowB) learnC) thinkD) argue74. A) eventB) newsC) storyD) information75. A) anyB) moreC) fewD) several76. A) thatB) sinceC) whichD) as77. A) naturallyB) actuallyC) eventuallyD) regularly78. A) forgetB) considerC) believeD) realize79. A) questionB) answerC) conversationD) topic80. A) althoughB) becauseC) unlessD) once81. A) whileB) orC) andD) but82. A) OtherwiseB) NeverthelessC) StillD) Thus83. A) ofB) inC) withD) over84. A) forB) byC) onD) to85. A) eitherB) otherC) bothD) another86. A) soB) laterC) furtherD) straight87. A) structureB) patternC) processD) model88. A) urgentB) importantC) originalD) unnecessary89. A) provideB) will provideC) providedD) is provided90. A) whenB) whatC) whyD) whetherPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition about “Bicycle – An Important Means of Transport in China”. You should baseyour composition on the following outline:1. 为什么自行车在中国这样普及。

1990 年 1 月大学英语四级 (CET-4) 真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be pause. During the pause, you must read the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a linethrough the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read:A)At the office.B)In the waiting room.C)At the airport.D)In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. There fore, A) “ At the office ” is the best answershould.Youchoose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1.A) The man wants to go to Los Angeles.B)The man wants to go to San Francisco.C)There are no flights to Los Angeles for the rest of the day.D)There are two direct flights to Los Angeles within the next two hours.2.A) He enjoys writing home every week.B)He never fails to write a weekly letter home.C)He doesn’twrite home once a week now.D)He has been asked to write home every week.3.A) Because she has got an appointment.B)Because she doesn’twant to.C)Because she has to work.D)Because she wants to eat in a new restaurant.4.A) The teacher postponed the meeting.B)There won’tbe a test this afternoon.C)The students will be attending the meeting.D)The students will take an English test this afternoon.5.A) On the whole, she liked the film.B)She didn’tsee the film.C)The film was very exciting.D)The film wasn’tas good as she’d expected.6.A) Around 5:00.B)Around 3:00.C)At 2:00.D)At 1:00.7.A) He had to work overtime.B)He was held up in traffic.C)His car ran out of gas.D)He had a traffic accident.8.A) John Smith isn’tin right now.B)John Smith can’tcome to the phone right now.C)John Smith doesn’twant to speak to the caller.D)The caller dialed the wrong number.9.A) Yesterday.B)Three days ago.C)Two days ago.D)Early last week.10.A) She got up later than usual.B)The bus was late.C)She forgot she had classes.D) Her clock was slow.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11.A) 4,000 years ago.B)3,000 years ago.C)2,000 years ago.D)1,000 years ago.12.A) The small bowl was put above the large bowl.B)The large bowl was put above the small bowl.C)The small bowl was put inside the large bowl.D)The large bowl consisted of two equal parts.13.A) Horsemen.B)Brass doors.C)Drops of water.D)Metal balls.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14.A) They are the most attractive women in Britain.B)They are the most popular film stars.C)They are the first women news announcers on British television.D)They appear almost every night in TV plays.15.A) At 10 in the evening.B)At 9 in the evening.C)At 9 in the morning.D)At 10 in the morning.16.A) People still talk a lot about it.B)Fewer people watched Susan’ programme from then on.C)Anna’s photographs appeared frequently in newspapers.D)The number of viewers of her programme that day increased by millions. Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17.A) It is completely flat.B)It has few rivers.C)It has many large lakes.D)It is hilly.18.A) The soil has been overworked.B)The climate is cold.C)The weather is too dry.D)The soil is sandy.19.A) By raising cattle.B)By working on farms.C)By working in factories.D)By raising sheep.20.A) At school.B)From their parents.C)From books.D)In factories.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions:There are 4 reading passagesin this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choiceand mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Oceanography has been defined as “ The application of all sciences to the study of the sea ”.Before the nineteen century, scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between. Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings,but he was reluctant to go to sea to further his work.For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. The first time thatquestion “What istheat bottom of the oceans? ”had to be answeredhany commercialwit consequencewas when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The engineers had to know the depth profile (起伏形状 ) of the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured.It was to Maury of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned, in1853, for information on this matter. In the 1840s, Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during whichsoundings (测声 ) were taken to investigate thedepths of the North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Later, some of his findings arousedmuch popular interest in his book The Physical Geography of the Sea.The cable was laid, but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs itwas found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.Within a few years oceanography was under way. In 1872 Thomson led a scientific expedition (考察 ), which lasted for four years and brought home thousands of samples from the sea. Their classification and analysis occupied scientists for yearsand led to a five-volume report, the last volume being published in 1895.21.The proposal to lay a telegraph cable from Europe to America madeoceanographic studies take on ________.A)an academic aspectB)a military aspectC)a business aspectD)an international aspect22.It was ________ that asked Maury for help in oceanographic studies.A)the American NavyB)some early intercontinental travelersC)those who earned a living from the seaD)the company which proposed to lay an undersea cable23.The aim of the voyages Maury was responsible for in the 1840s was ________.A)to make some sounding experiments in the oceansB)to collect samples of sea plants and animalsC)to estimate the length of cable that was neededD)to measure the depths of the two oceans24.“ Defied” in the 5th paragraph probably means“ ________”.A)doubtedB)gave proof toC)challengedD)agreed to25.This passage is mainly about ________.A)the beginnings of oceanographyB)the laying of the first undersea cableC)the investigation of ocean depthsD)the early intercontinental communicationsPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree. In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting for one semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks; while attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesterseach year. It is possible to spread the period of work for the degree over a longer period. It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time forgreat activity in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The effective word of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating has to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career.26.Normally a student would at least attend ________ classes each week.A)36B)20C)12D)1527.According to the first paragraph an American student is allowed ________.A)to live in a different universityB)to take a particular course in a different universityC)to live at home and drive to classesD)to get two degrees from two different universities28.American university students are usually under pressure of work because ________.A)their academic performance will affect their future careersB)they are heavily involved in student affairsC)they have to observe university disciplineD)they want to run for positions of authority29.Some students are enthusiastic for positions in student organizations probablybecause ________.A)they hate the constant pressure strain of their studyB)they will then be able to stay longer in the universityC)such positions help them get better jobsD)such positions are usually well paid30.The student organizations seem, to be effective in ________.A)dealing with the academic affairs of the universityB)ensuring that the students observe university regulationsC)evaluating students’performance by bringing them before a courtD)keeping up the students’enthusiasm for social activitiesPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it ’spainful? This might becalled laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyonehas a daily energy cycle.During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you’ re “ hot ” . That’strue. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the afternoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues (自言自语 ) as: “ Get up, John! Youllbe late’ for workagain! ”The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has. Youcan’tchange your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you’re sleepy inthe evening but feel you must stay up late anywayCounteract. (对抗 ) your cycle tosome extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If our energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usualhour. This won’tchange your cycle, but you’ll get up steam( 鼓起干劲 ) and workbetter at your low point.Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoidthe troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before.Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring moreenergy or concentration for your sharper hours.31.If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably ________.A)he is a lazy personB)he refuses to follow his own energy cycleC)he is not sure when his energy is lowD)he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening32.Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?A)Unawareness of energy cycles.B)Familiar monologues.C)A change in a family member’s energy cycle.D)Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.33.If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should________.A)change his energy cycleB)overcome his lazinessC)get up earlier than usualD)go to bed earlier34.You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will ________.A)help to keep your energy for the day’s workB)help you to control your temper early in the dayC)enable you to concentrate on your routine workD)keep your energy cycle under control all day35.Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?A)Getting off to work wit a minimum effort helps save one’s energy.B)Dr. Kleitman explains why people reach their peaks at different hours of day.C)Habit helps a person adapt to his own energy cycle.D)Children have energy cycles, too.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages instreaming (把⋯按能力分班 ) pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can doadvanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to dotheir best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.36. In the passage the author’s attitude towards “ mixed-ability teaching” is ________.A)criticalB)questioningC)approvingD)objective37. By “ held back” (Line 1) the author means“ ________”A)made to remain in the same classesB)forced to study I the lower classesC)drawn to their studiesD)prevented from advancing38.The author argues that a teacher’s chief concern should be the development ofthe student’s________.A)personal qualities and social skillsB)total personalityC)learning ability and communicative skillsD)intellectual ability39.Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in the third paragraph?A)Group work gives pupils the opportunity to learn to work together with other.B)Pupils also learn to develop their reasoning abilities.C)Group work provides pupils with the opportunity to learn to be capableorganizers.D)Pupils also learn how to participate in teaching activities.40.The author’spurpose in writing this passage is to ________.A)argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the same classB)recommend pair work and group work for classroom activitiesC)offer advice on the proper use of the libraryD)emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teachingPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four Choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that bestcompletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet with a single time through the centre.41.The bridge was named ________ the hero who gave his life for the cause of thepeople.A)afterB)withC)byD)from42.There were no tickets ________ for Friday’s performance.A)preferableB)considerableC)possibleD)available43.It wasn’tsuch a good dinner ________ she had promised us.A)thatB)whichC)asD)what44.They decided to chase the cow away ________ it did more damage.A)unlessB)untilC)beforeD)although45.________ student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.A)EachB)AnyC)EitherD)One46.All ________ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.A)what is neededB)for our needsC)the thing neededD)that is needed47.________ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seemhigh at all.A)When comparedB)CompareC)While comparingD)Comparing48.________ she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist.A)That was from StephenB)It was Stephen whomC)It was from Stephen thatD)It was Stephen that49.If these shoes are too big, ask the clerk to bring you a smaller ________.A)suitB)setC)oneD)pair50.Many new ________ will be opened up in the future for those with a universityeducation.A)opportunitiesB)necessitiesC)realitiesD)probabilities51.He must have had an accident, or he ________ then.A)would have been hereB)had to be hereC)should be hereD)would be here52.It was essential that the application forms ________ back before thedeadline (截止日期 ).A)must be sentB)would be sentC)be sentD)were sent53.We ________ our breakfast when an old man came to the door.A)just have hadB)have just hadC)just hadD)had just had54.The rain was heavy and ________ the land was flooded.A)consequentlyB)continuouslyC)constantlyD)consistently55.The children went there to watch the iron tower ________.A)to erectB)be erectedC)erectingD)being erected56.The engine ________ smoke and steam.A)gives upB)gives inC)gives awayD)gives off57.The manager promised to keep me ________ of how our business was going on.A)to be informedB)on informingC)informedD)informing58.Don’t________ this news to the public until we give you the go-ahead.A)releaseB)relieveC)relateD)retain59.She never laughed, ________ lost her temper.A)or she ever didB)nor did she everC)or did she everD)nor she ever did60.The goals ________ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.A)after whichB)for whichC)with whichD)at which61.I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and ________ in a quietneighborhood.A)all in allB)above allC)after allD)over all62.________ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.A)For nowB)Now thatC)Ever sinceD)By now63.What you have done is ________ the doctor’s orders.A)attached toB)responsible toC)resistant toD)contrary to64.John regretted ________ to the meeting last week.A)not goingB)not to goC)not having been goingD)not to be going65.They ________ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.A)carried outB)carried offC)carried onD)carried forward66.Mrs. Brown is supposed ________ for Italy last week.A)to have leftB)to be leavingC)to leaveD)to have been left67.My camera can be ________ to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.A)treatedB)adjustedC)adoptedD)remedied68. A new technique ________, the yields as a whole increased by 20 per cent.A)wording outB)having worded outC)having been worded outD)to have been worded out69.Children who are over-protected by their parents may become ________.A)hurtB)damagedC)spoiledD)harmed70.When Mr. Jones gets old, he will ________ over his business to his son.A)takeB)handC)thinkD)getPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. Youshould choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.The United States is well-known for its network of major highways designed to help a driver get from one place to another in the shortest possible time. __71__ these wide modern Roads are generally __72__ and well maintained, with __73__ sharp curves and many straight __74__, a direct route is not always the most __75__ one. Large highways often pass __76__ scenic areas and interesting small towns. Furthermore, these highways generally __77__ large urban centres which means that they become crowded with __78__ traffic during rush hours, __79__ the “ fast,direct way” becomes a very slow route.However, there is __80__ always another route to take __81__ you are not in a hurry. Not far from the __82__ new “ superhighways there”, are often older, __83__ heavily traveled roads which go through the countryside. __84__ of these are good two-lane (双车道 ) roads; others are uneven roads __85__ through the country. These secondary routes may go up steep slopes, along high __86__, or down frightening hillsides to towns __87__ in deep valleys. Through these less direct routes, longer and slower, they generally go to places __88__ the air is clean and the scenery (风景 ) is beautiful, and the driver may have a __89__ to get a fresh, clean __90__ of the world.71.A) AlthoughB)BecauseC)SinceD)Therefore72.A) stableB)splendidC)smoothD)complicated73.A) littleB)fewC)muchD)many74.A) selectionsB)separationsC)seriesD)sections75.A) terribleB)possibleC)enjoyableD)profitable76.A) toB)intoC)overD)by77.A) leadB)connectC)collectD)communicate78.A) largeB)fastC)lightD)heavy79.A) whenB)forC)butD)that80.A) yetB)stillC)almostD)quite81.A) unlessB)ifC)asD)since82.A) relativelyB)regularlyC)respectivelyD)reasonably83.A) andB)lessC)moreD)or84.A) AllB)SeveralC)LotsD)or85.A) drivingB)crossingC)curvingD)traveling86.A) rocksB)cliffsC)roadsD)paths87.A) lyingB)layingC)laidD)lied88.A) thereB)whenC)whichD)where89.A) spaceB)periodC)chanceD)spot90.A) viewB)varietyC)visitD)virtuePart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition about What Would Happen If There Were No Power in three paragraphs. Youare given the first sentence or part of the first sentence of each paragraph.Your part of the composition should be no less than 100 words, notincluding the words given. Remember to write clearly. You should writethis composition on the Composition Sheet.1.Ever since early this century, electricity has become an essential part of ourmodern life.2.If there were no electric power.3.Therefore.1990 年 1 月四级参考答案20/401990 年 1 月四级参考答案Part I1.A2.C3.C4.B5.D6.B7.B8.D9.C10.A11.A12.A13.D14.C15.A16.D17.D18.A19.C20.BPart II21.C22.D23.D24.C25.A26.B27.B28.A29.C30.B31.D32.A33.C34.A35.B36.C37.D38.B39.D40.APart III41.A42.D43.C44.C45.B46.D47.A48.C49.D50.A51.A52.C53.D54.A55.C56.D57.C58.A59.B60.B61.B62.B63.D64.A65.C66.A67.B68.C69.C70.BPart IV71.A72.C73.B74.D75.C76.D77.B78.D79.A80.C81.B82.A83.B84.D85.C86.B87.A88.D89.C90.C大家网，原创精品中心！更多精品持续发布中！1990 年 6 月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷21/40 1990 年 6 月大学英语四级 (CET-4) 真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be pause. During the pause, you must read the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a linethrough the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read:A)At the office.B)In the waiting room.C)At the airport.D)In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. There fore, A) “At the office ”is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1.A) Every day.B)Every other day.C)Every week.D)Every other week.2.A) Saturday morning.B)Saturday afternoon.C)Sunday morning.D)Sunday afternoon.3.A) The unsmiling faces.1990 年 6 月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷22/40C)The Londoners.D)The weather.4.A) Maria ’s friends don’tcall her very often.B)Maria doesn’tlike to talk on the phone with her friends.C)Maria likes to talk on the phone with her friends.D)Maria doesn’thave any friends.5.A) The chemistry book.B)The English book.C)The math book.D)The history book.6.A) Hold the phone.B)Make another call.C)Pay the manager a visit.D)Ask the woman to find Mr. White for him.7.A) He will pay a visit to Prof. Wang.B)He will congratulate Prof. Wang.C)He is ready to help Prof. Wang.D)He will tell Prof. Wang the good news.8.A) To take a bus.B)To make a phone call.C)To do shopping.D)To give them to the woman.9.A) Listening to the radio.B)Reading a newspaper.C)Watching television.D)Watching a sports game.10.A) He hasn’tseen any movie for a long time.B)The movie he saw was“Gone with the Wind”.C)It is one of the best movies he has ever seen.D)He likes seeing movies very much.1990 年 6 月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷23/40 Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 based on the passage you have just heard.11.A) Go and visit friends.B)Have a dinner together with friends.C)Go around making new friends.D)Play jokes on friends.12.A) For seven hundred years.B)For several decades.C)For several hundred years.D)For seventy years.13.A) A new means of transportation from London to Australia.B)A newly-published newspaper in London.C)A non-existent island in the Pacific.D)A new kind of Italian noodle.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14.A) More than nine million.B)About half a million.C)More than five million.D)About two and a half million.15.A) It is for students of the same community only.。