0616 高二政治-如皋市2014-2015学年高二上学期教学质量调研(二)政治(选修)试题

2023-2024一、单选题：本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分。

在每小题给出的选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1.已知直线经过点，该直线的倾斜角为()A. B. C. D.2.数列的前n项和为，，则()A.32B.16C.15D.83.已知圆锥的侧面展开图是半径为2的半圆，则该圆锥的表面积为()A. B. C. D.4π4.设是两条不同的直线，是两个不同的平面，则()A.若，则B.若，则C.若，则D.若，则5.我国明代数学家、音乐理论家朱载堉创立了十二平均律，他是第一个利用数学使音乐公式化的人.十二平均律的生律法是精确规定八度的比例，把八度分成13个半音，从第二个半音开始每一个半音与前一个半音的频率之比为同一个常数，如下表所示，其中表示这些半音的频率，若半音G与的频率之比为，则与A的频率之比为()频率α5013半音C C#D D#E F F#G G#A A#B C(八度)A. B. C.2 D.6.已知l是双曲线的一条准线，P是l上的一点，是C的两个焦点，若,则点P到x轴的距离为()A.2B.C.D.7.等比数列满足，，数列满足，时，，则数列的通项公式为()A. B.C.D.8.已知圆，圆，过点两条互相垂直的直线，其中与圆交于，与圆交于，且，则()A.B.C.D.二、多选题：本题共4小题，共20分。

在每小题给出的选项中，有多项符合题目要求。

全部选对的得5分，部分选对的得2分，有选错的得0分。

9.已知数列为等比数列，则()A.数列，，成等比数列B.数列，，成等比数列C.数列，，成等比数列D.数列，，成等比数列10.某种卷筒卫生纸绕在盘上，空盘时盘芯直径为40mm ，满盘时直径为120mm ，已知该卫生纸的厚度为，为了求出满盘时卫生纸的总长度l ，下列做法正确的是()A.从底面看，可以将绕在盘上的卫生纸看作一组同心圆，由内向外各圈的半径分别是20.0,21.1,……,59.9B.从底面看，可以将绕在盘上的卫生纸看作一组同心圆，由内向外各圈的半径分别是20.05,20.15,·,59.95C.同心圆由内向外各圈周长组成一个首项为，公差为的等差数列D.设卷筒的高度为h ，由等式可以求出卫生纸的总长l11.已知双曲线，C 的两条渐近线分别为，点P 为C 右支上任意一点，它到的距离分别为，到右焦点的距离为，则()A.的取值范围为B.的取值范围为C.的取值范围为D.的取值范围为12.如图，已知正方体的棱长为1，分别为正方体中上、下底面的中心，分别为四个侧面的中心，由这六个中心构成一个八面体的顶点，则()A.直线与直线所成角为 B.二面角的正切值为C.这个八面体的表面积为 D.这个八面体外接球的体积为三、填空题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分。

B AO2014~2015学年度高三年级第一学期教学质量调研（二）物理试卷（分值120分，时间100分钟）一、单项选择题:本题共8小题，每小题3分，共计24分． 每小题只有一个．．．．选项符合题意． １．在同一平面有四根彼此绝缘的通电直导线，如图所示，四导线中的电流大小关系为i 1<i 2<i 3=i 4，要使O 点磁场增强．则应切断哪一导线中的电源A ．切断i 1B ．切断i 2C ．切断i 3D ．切断i 4 2． 质量为0.8kg 的物块静止在倾角为30°的斜面上，若用平行于斜面沿水平方向大小等于3N 的力推物块，物块仍保持静止，如图所示，则物块所受到的摩擦力大小等于 A ．3N B ．4NC ．5ND ．N 333． 如图所示，甲、乙两小船分别从A 、B 两点开始过河，两船相对静水的速度均小于水流速度，方向分别与河岸成60o 和30o角，两船恰能到达对岸同一位置．若甲乙两船渡河过程的位移大小分别为s 甲、s 乙，则 A ．s 甲＞s 乙 B ．s 甲=s 乙C ．s 甲＜s 乙D ．无法确定s 甲和s 乙的关系4． 我国发射了一颗资源探测卫星，发射时，先将卫星发射至距地面50km 的近地圆轨道1上，然后变轨到近地点高50km ，远地点高1500km 的椭圆轨道2上，最后由轨道2进入半径为7900km 的圆轨道3，已知地球表面的重力加速度g=10m/s 2，忽略空气阻力，则以下说法正确的是 A ．在轨道2运行的速率可能大于7.9km/sB ．卫星在轨道2上从远地点向近地点运动的过程中速度增大，机械能增大C ．由轨道2变为轨道3需要在近地点点火加速，且卫星在轨道2上的运行周期小于在轨道3上的运行周期D ．仅利用以上数据，可以求出卫星在轨道3上的动能 5． 一根内壁光滑无限长绝缘直管与两等量电荷连线的中垂线重合，管与电荷位于绝缘水平面上，如图所示。

管上有AOB 三点，其中O 点为等量电荷连线中点，且AO =OB ，现将一带正电的小球，从管中A 点由静止释放，若带电小球能在A 、B 之间做往复运动，则下列说法正确的是A ．两电荷带的是等量异种电荷B ．两电荷带的是等量负电荷C ．小球的加速度先变大再变小D ．小球在O 点的电势能为0 6． 如图所示的电路中，电源电动势为E ，内阻为r ，R 1、R 2为水流方向A B i 1i 2i 3i 4 O定值电阻，R 3为可变电阻，C 为电容器．在可变电阻R 3由较小逐渐变大的过程中，下列说法中正确的是A ．电容器的带电量在逐渐减小B ．流过R 2的电流方向是由上向下C ．电源的输出功率变大D ．电源内部消耗的功率变大7． 如图所示，直角三角形ABC 区域中存在一匀强磁场，比荷相同的两个粒子（不计重力）沿AB 方向射入磁场，分别从AC 边上的P 、Q 两点射出，则A ．从P 点射出的粒子速度大B ．两个粒子射出磁场时的速度一样大C ．从Q 点射出的粒子在磁场中运动的时间长D ．两个粒子在磁场中运动的时间一样长8． 一物体沿光滑水平面做匀速直线运动，从t ＝0时刻起，在与物体垂直的方向上施加一个水平恒力F ，则物体的动能E k 随时间t示的哪个图二、多项选择题：本题共6小题，每小题4分，共计24分．每小题有多个选项符合题意．全部选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，错选或不答的得0分． 9．一个电子穿过某一空间而未发生偏转，以下判断正确的是A ．此空间一定不存在磁场B ．此空间一定不存在电场C ．此空间可能存在均匀变化磁场D ．此空间可能有相互正交的匀强磁场和匀强电场 10．用细绳拴住一个质量为m的小球，小球将一端固定在墙上的水平轻弹簧压缩了Δx （小球与弹簧不拴接），如图所示，则将细线烧断后A ．小球立即做平抛运动B ．小球脱离弹簧后做匀变速运动C ．细线烧断瞬间小球的加速度a =gD ．小球落地时的动能大于mgh11．如图是医用回旋加速器示意图，其核心部分是两个D 形金属盒，两金属盒置于匀强磁场中，并分别与高频电源相连．现分别加速氘核(H 21)和氦核(He 21)．下列说法中正确的是A ．它们的最大速度相同B ．它们的最大动能相同C ．它们在D 形盒中运动的周期相同AD ．仅增大高频电源的频率可增大粒子的最大动能12．如图所示，质量为m 的通电直导线用一绝缘轻绳悬挂，电流方向垂直于纸面，匀强磁场平行于纸面，导线处于静止状态，轻绳与竖直方向的夹角为30°．以下说法中正确的是A ．安培力的大小可能等于4mg，此时磁场的可能方向是唯一的 B ．安培力的大小可能等于2mg，此时磁场的可能方向是唯一的C ．安培力的大小可能等于mg ，此时磁场的可能方向是唯一的D ．安培力的大小可能等于2mg ，此时磁场的可能方向是唯一的 13．质量为m ，带电量为＋q 的小球套在水平固定且足够长的绝缘杆上，如图所示，整个装置处于磁感应强度为B ，方向垂直纸面向里的匀强磁场中，现给球一个水平向右的初速度v 0使其开始运动，不计空气阻力，则球运动克服摩擦力做的功可能的是A ．12mv 20 B ．0C ．mv 20D ．)(21222320Bq g m mv -14．绝缘水平面上固定一正点电荷Q ，另一质量为m 、电荷量为-q 的滑块（可看作负点电荷）从a 点以初速度v 0沿水平面向Q 运动，到达b 点时速度减为零，已知a 、b 间距离为s ，滑块与水平面间的动摩擦因数为μ，重力加速度为g ．以下判断正确的是 A ．滑块在运动过程中所受Q 的库仑力有可能大于滑动摩擦力B ．滑块在运动过程的中间时刻，速度的大小一定小于20v C ．Q 产生的电场中，a 、b 两点间的电势差为qgs v m U ab 2)2(20μ-=D ．此过程中产生的内能小于2021mv三、简答题：本题共3小题，共计26分．请将解答填写在答题卡相应的位置．15．（8分）某实验探究小组的同学准备测量电炉丝的电阻率，他们首先用螺旋测微器测出一段电炉丝的直径和长度如图所示，则该电炉丝的直径为_______mm ，长度为________mm ． 该小组同学又从标称为“220V 500W”、“220V 300W”、“220V 25W”的3个电炉中任选一个，正确使用多用电表欧姆×10挡测量其阻值，结果如图所示，则该电炉的阻值是_______Ω，标称功率为_______W ．16．（8分）在验证机械能守恒定律的实验中，使质量为m ＝200 g 的重物自由下落，打点计时器在纸带上打出一系列的点，选取一条符合实验要求的纸带如图所示．O 为纸带下落的起始点，A 、B 、C 为纸带上选取的三个连续点．已知打点计时器每隔T ＝0.02 s 打一个点，当地的重力加速度为g ＝9.8 m/s 2，那么（1）计算B 点瞬时速度时，甲同学用2B v ＝2gx OB ，乙同学用v B ＝Tx AC2．其中所选择方法正确的是________（填“甲”或“乙”）同学．（2）同学丙想根据纸带上的测量数据进一步计算重物和纸带下落过程中所受的阻力，为此他计算出纸带下落的加速度为________m/s 2，从而计算出阻力f ＝______N ． （3）若同学丁不慎将上述纸带从OA 之间扯断，他仅利用A 点之后的纸带能否实现验证机械能守恒定律的目的？________．（填“能”或“不能”）17.（10分）在测量一节干电池电动势E 和内阻r 的实验中，小明设计了如图甲所示的实验电路．（1）根据图甲实验电路，请在乙图中用笔画线代替导线，完成实物电路的连接．（2）合上开关S 1，S 2接图甲中的1位置，改变滑动变阻器的阻值，记录下几组电压表示数和对应的电流表示数；S 2改接图甲中的2位置，改变滑动变阻器的阻值，再记录下几组电压表示数和对应的电流表示数．（图甲） （图乙）（3）在同一坐标系内分别描点作出电压表示数U 和对应的电流表示数I 的图象，如图丙所示，两直线与纵轴的截距分别为U A 、U B ，与横轴的截距分别为I A 、I B ．①S 2接1位置时，作出的U-I 图线是图丙中的 （选填“A ”或“B ”）线．②如果电压表和电流表都是理想电表，请用虚线在图丙中画出对应的U -I 图线．③根据所画图线求出干电池电动势和内阻的真实值：E 真（图丙）= ，r 真= ．四、计算题：本题共3小题，共计46分．解答时请写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤．只写出最后答案的不能得分．有数值计算的题，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位． 18．（15分）如图所示，一质量M =3kg 的足够长的小车停在光滑水平地面上，另一木块m =1kg ，以v 0=4m/s 的速度冲上小车，木块与小车间动摩擦因数 =0.3，g =10m/s 2，求经过时间t =2.0s 时：（1）小车的速度大小v ；（2）以上过程中，小车运动的距离x ；（3）以上过程中，木块与小车由于摩擦而产生的内能Q ．19．(15分)如图所示，有一不计重力的带电粒子从两块金属板正中间的O 点沿轴线OO ′射入，当开关S 断开时，粒子射入匀强磁场中做匀速圆周运动，打在竖直挡板上的P 点，测得O ′P ＝s ；当开关S 接通时，粒子恰好从下极板端点C 处射出，射出后打在竖直挡板的Q 点．若用t 1表示粒子从O 到P 的运动时间，用t 2表示粒子从O 到Q 的运动时间．则：（1）粒子带正电还是负电？A 端是电源的什么极？ （2）试通过计算比较t 1、t 2的大小； （3）求CQ 的长度(用s 表示)．v20．(16分) 如图所示，在同一竖直平面内，一轻质弹簧一端固定，静止斜靠在光滑斜面上，另一自由端恰好与水平线AB齐平，一长为L的轻质细线一端固定在O点，另一端系一质量为m的小球，O点到AB的距离为2L．现将细线拉至水平，小球从位置C由静止释放，到达O点正下时，细线刚好被拉断．当小球运动到A点时恰好能沿斜面方向压缩弹簧，不计碰撞2（在弹性限度内），重力加速度为g．求：时的机械能损失，弹簧的最大压缩量为L2（1）细线所能承受的拉力F的范围；（2）斜面的倾角 ；（3）弹簧所获得的最大弹性势能E．p2014~2015学年度高三年级第一学期教学质量调研（二）物理试卷参考答案和评分标准一、单项选择题:本题共8小题，每小题3分，共计24分． 每小题只有一个．．．．选项符合题意． 1．D 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．D 8．D二、多项选择题：本题共6小题，每小题4分，共计24分．每小题有多个选项符合题意．全部选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，错选或不答的得0分．9．CD 10．BD 11．AC 12．BD 13．ABD 14．BC三、简答题：本题共3小题，共计26分．请将解答填写在答题卡相应的位置．15．0.900（2分） 33.10（2分） 160（2分） 25（2分） 16．（1）乙（2分） （2）9.5（2分） 0.06（2分） （3）能（2分） 17．（1）如图所示（有一根线接错即不得分）（2分） （3）①B （2分） ②如图所示（2分） ③U A （2分）BAI U （2分）四、计算题：本题共3小题，共计46分．解答时请写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤．只写出最后答案的不能得分．有数值计算的题，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位．18．（15分）解：（1）木块的加速度3==g a m μm/s 2 （1分） 小车的加速度1==Mmga M μ m/s 2（1分）两者速度相等时110t a t a v v M m =-=解得t 1=1s ，v =1m/s此后小车和木块共同匀速运动，则t =2.0s 时小车的速度大小 v =1m/s（3分） （2）小车加速阶段的位移为5.021211==t a x M m （2分） 匀速运动的时间t 2=t -t 1=1s小车匀速阶段的位移为122==vt x m （2分） 2s 内小车运动的距离x =x 1+x 2=1.5m（1分） （3）速度相等前，木块的位移5.22'22=-=ma v v x m（2分）木块和小车的相对位移为2'1=-=∆x x x m木块与小车由于摩擦而产生的内能6=∆⋅=∆⋅=x mg x f Q μJ（3分）19．（15分）解：（1）粒子带负电 （2分） A 端是电源负极 （2分） （2）设粒子所带电荷量为q 、质量为m ，初速度为v 0，磁感应强度为B ，板长为L ．17题（3）②17题（1）则t 1＝L v 0＋πm Bq （2分）t 2＝L v 0＋αm Bq（2分）由于α<π，所以t 1>t 2． （1分）(3)S 断开时，由R ＝mv 0Bq，O ′P ＝s ＝2R得s 2＝mv 0Bq（2分） S 接通时，设粒子进入磁场时速度与初速度方向夹角为θ，则cos θ＝v 0v ，r ＝mv Bq， CQ ＝2r cos θ （2分） 则CQ ＝s （2分） 20．（16分）解：（1）小球由C 运动到O 点正下方时，设速度为v 1，由动能定理得2121mv mgL =（2分）解得gL v 21= 小球在O 点正下方时，有Lv m mg F 21=-（2分）解得F =3mg 所以F<3mg （2分）（2）细线被拉断后，小球做平抛运动，当运动到A 点时，速度v 2恰好沿斜面向下，由动能定理得21222121)-2mv mv L L mg -=（ （2分）解得gL v 22=如图所示，有22cos 21==v v θ （2分） 解得︒=45θ（2分）（3）由能量守恒定律得P E mv L mg=+⋅2221sin 22θ （2分）解得mgL E P 25=。

江苏省如皋中学2014-2015学年度第一学期第二次阶段练习高二政治（选修）考试时间：100分钟满分：120分第Ⅰ卷（选择题共66分）一、单项选择题:本大题共33小题.每小题2分，共计66分。

在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项是最符合题意的。

1．近年来，我国不断推进文化体制改革，文化事业得到繁荣发展，这不仅改变了每一座城市，更改变了每一个人，百姓生活“更幸福更有尊严。

”这说明①文化是人类社会赖以生存和发展的基础②文化对人的影响具有潜移默化的特点③优秀文化能塑造人生，促进人的全面发展④文化能够转化为物质力量，促进社会发展A．①② B．①④ C．②③ D．③④2. 有人认为，优秀的企业文化是企业的灵魂和血脉，是企业提升市场竞争力的最关键因素，决定企业经营的成败。

这一观点①看到了文化与经济间的相互影响与交融②主张文化决定经济③明确文化可以丰富劳动者的精神世界，促进劳动者全面发展④强调文化对人的影响来自于特定的文化环境A. ①③B. ②③C. ①②D. ①④3. 用流行时文和快餐阅读代替经过历史检验的经典作品，已经成为今天必须正视的文化现象。

右侧漫画告诉我们A. 人才培养真正需要的是通俗、流行的文化B. 人才培养真正需要的是经典和严肃的文化C. 教材作为严肃文化产品只能选用经典作品D. 经典作品属于优秀传统文化，需要保护与传承4. 对于某地传统的狗肉节，爱狗人士强烈要求禁止，而当地人认为狗肉节没什么不妥，认为中国人有中国人的习俗，不必照搬西方观念，民族的就是世界的。

对此，下列看法正确的是A．传统习俗不应受到外来文化影响 B．吃狗肉作为落后习俗应该摒弃C．要用世界眼光衡量地域文化优劣 D．多元社会需要相互理解与包容5. 有人认为，阻碍我们走向世界的，并非世界的强大，而是我们弱势的民族文化。

这一观点的错误在于①坚持民族虚无主义，不利于尊重、认同、发展本民族文化②坚持文化发展要以我为主，为我所用③否认了中华文化的源远流长和博大精深④否认民族精神是民族文化的结晶A. ①③B. ②④C. ②③D. ①④6. 数间民居、一泓流水、挺拔的青松和结伴的人们……以丰子恺漫画为底稿的“中国梦”公益广告，亮相于全国大街小巷，向人们诠释着我国仁爱宽厚、孝悌友善等传统美德，引起了人们内心的共鸣。

2014~2015学年度高二年级第一学期教学质量调研（二）物理（选修）试题一、单项选择题：本题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分，每小题只有一个选项符合题意。

1． 以下哪位科学家首先详细地总结了感应电流方向所满足的规律（ ）A ．楞次B ．安培C ．奥斯特D ．焦耳2． 如图，磁感应强度为B 的匀强磁场，垂直穿过平面直角坐标系的第I 象限。

一质量为m ，带电量为q 的粒子（不计重力）以速度v 从O 点沿着与y 轴夹角为30°方向进入磁场，运动到A 点时的速度方向平行于x 轴，那么（ ）A ．粒子带正电B ．粒子做斜抛运动C ．粒子由O 到A 经历时间qB m t 3π=D ．粒子的速度没有变化 3． 穿过某线圈的磁通量随时间变化的关系，如图所示，在下列几段时间内，线圈中感应电动势最小的是( )A ．0～2 sB ．2 s ～4 sC ．4 s ～5 sD ．5 s ～10 s4． 如图所示，有界磁场的方向竖直向下，通电直导线ab 的两端都在磁场的边界之外，当直导线由水平位置1绕端点a 在竖直平面内转到位置2，且b 端仍在磁场右边界之外，则通电导线所受安培力是（ ）A ．数值变大，方向不变B ．数值变小，方向不变C ．数值不变，方向改变D ．数值，方向均保持不变 5． 关于如右图所示的交流电，下列说法正确的是（ ）A ．周期为0.02sB ．有效值为200VC ．将该交流电压加在一个5Ω定值电阻两端，1分钟的发热量为600000JD ．将该交流电压加在发光和熄灭电压均为150V 的氖管上，氖管未被击穿，氖管1分钟发光次数为60次6． 如图所示，足够长的竖直绝缘管内壁粗糙程度处处相同，处在方向彼此垂直，电场强度和磁感应强度分别为E 和B 的匀强电场和匀强磁场中，一个质量为m 的带电q +的小球，从静止开始沿管下滑，则在下滑的全过程中小球的加速度a 与时间t 的关系图象正确的是( )7． 3 A 直流电通过电阻R 时，t s 内产生的热量为Q ．现让一正弦式交变电流通过电阻R ，若2t s 内产生的热量为Q ，则该交流电流的有效值I 和最大值m I 分别为 （ ）A ．I ＝3 A ，A 23m =IB ．223=I A ，m I ＝3 A C ．I ＝3A ，6m =I A D ．23=I A ，m I ＝6 A8． 如图所示，理想变压器的原副线圈的匝数比1n ∶2n ＝2∶1，原线圈接正弦式交流电，副线圈接电动机，电动机线圈电阻为R ，当输入端接通电源后，电流表读数为I ，电动机带动一质量为m 的重物以速度v 匀速上升，若电动机因摩擦造成的能量损失不计，重力加速度为g ，则图中电压表的读数为( )A ．4IR ＋mgv IB ．mgv IC ．4IRD ．14IR ＋mgv I二、多项选择题：本题共5小题，每小题4分，共20分。

2014~2015学年度高一年级第一学期教学质量调研政治试题考试时间：60分钟满分：100分第Ⅰ卷（客观题共75分）一、单项选择题：下列各题的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题意的。

请在答题卡上填涂你认为正确的选项。

（本部分共30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1．2014年8月3日云南省昭通市鲁甸县发生6.5级地震，地震造成100多万人受灾、600多人遇难。

地震发生后，作为中超两强的恒大和鲁能第一时间做出反应，其中恒大集团向灾区捐款1000万元现金及200万瓶矿泉水。

这些矿泉水A．是商品，因为它有使用价值B．不是商品，因为它有价值C．是商品，因为它是使用价值和价值的统一体D．不是商品，因为它没有用于交换2．在2014年的高考中，家住南通的李静考上了北京的一所名牌大学。

开学报名时，出于安全考虑，她不准备随身携带太多现金，这时最适合她的信用工具是A．现金支票B．信用卡C．转账支票D．储蓄凭证3．假设某国2013年的商品价格总额为18万亿元，流通中需要的货币量为3万亿元。

若2014年该国劳动生产率提高20%，货币流通速度下降20%，在商品价格水平不变的情况下，2014年流通中需要的货币量为A．3.6万亿元B．3.75万亿元C．4.5万亿元D．3万亿元4．2014年2月21日中超公司和中国平安联合召开冠名签约仪式，中国平安出资6亿人民币，获得2014年到2017年中超联赛的独家冠名权。

企业不惜重金做广告，是因为广告有助于A．提高商品的价值B．提高商品的使用价值C．商品价值的实现D．增加商品的销售成本5．外币的汇率变动会带来商品进出口数量的变动。

2013年1月4日人民币对美元汇率中间价为6.2897元，2014年6月26日为6.1538元。

不考虑其他因素，这一变动给我国带来的影响与下列四幅图中所示状况对应正确的是6．近年来，我国国有企业改革取得重大进展，国有经济实力增强，经济效益提高，国有经济有步骤地向国民经济重点行业和重点企业转移。

2014~2015学年度高二年级第一学期教学质量调研（二）物理（选修）试题一、单项选择题：本题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分，每小题只有一个选项符合题意。

1． 以下哪位科学家首先详细地总结了感应电流方向所满足的规律（ ）A ．楞次B ．安培C ．奥斯特D ．焦耳2． 如图，磁感应强度为B 的匀强磁场，垂直穿过平面直角坐标系的第I 象限。

一质量为m ，带电量为q 的粒子（不计重力）以速度v 从O 点沿着与y 轴夹角为30°方向进入磁场，运动到A 点时的速度方向平行于x 轴，那么（ ） A ．粒子带正电 B ．粒子做斜抛运动C ．粒子由O 到A 经历时间qBmt 3π=D ．粒子的速度没有变化3． 穿过某线圈的磁通量随时间变化的关系，如图所示，在下列几段时间内，线圈中感应电动势最小的是( ) A ．0～2 s B ．2 s ～4 s C ．4 s ～5 s D ．5 s ～10 s4． 如图所示，有界磁场的方向竖直向下，通电直导线ab 的两端都在磁场的边界之外，当直导线由水平位置1绕端点a 在竖直平面内转到位置2，且b 端仍在磁场右边界之外，则通电导线所受安培力是（ ） A ．数值变大，方向不变 B ．数值变小，方向不变 C ．数值不变，方向改变D ．数值，方向均保持不变 5． 关于如右图所示的交流电，下列说法正确的是（ ）A ．周期为0.02sB ．有效值为200VC ．将该交流电压加在一个5Ω定值电阻两端，1分钟的发热量为600000JD ．将该交流电压加在发光和熄灭电压均为150V 的氖管上，氖管未被击穿，氖管1分钟发光次数为60次6． 如图所示，足够长的竖直绝缘管内壁粗糙程度处处相同，处在方向彼此垂直，电场强度和磁感应强度分别为E 和B 的匀强电场和匀强磁场中，一个质量为m的带电q +的小球，从静止开始沿管下滑，则在下滑的全过程中小球的加速度a 与时间t 的关系图象正确的是()7． 3 A 直流电通过电阻R 时，t s 内产生的热量为Q ．现让一正弦式交变电流通过电阻R ，若2t s 内产生的热量为Q ，则该交流电流的有效值I 和最大值m I 分别为 （ ）A ．I ＝3 A ，A 23m =IB ．223=I A ，m I ＝3 A C ．I ＝3A ，6m =I A D ．23=I A ，m I ＝6 A8． 如图所示，理想变压器的原副线圈的匝数比1n ∶2n ＝2∶1，原线圈接正弦式交流电，副线圈接电动机，电动机线圈电阻为R ，当输入端接通电源后，电流表读数为I ，电动机带动一质量为m 的重物以速度v 匀速上升，若电动机因摩擦造成的能量损失不计，重力加速度为g ，则图中电压表的读数为( )A ．4IR ＋mgv IB ．mgvIC ．4IRD ．14IR ＋mgvI二、多项选择题：本题共5小题，每小题4分，共20分。

江苏省如皋中学2014-2015学年度第一学期第二次阶段练习高二政治（选修）考试时间：100分钟满分：120分第Ⅰ卷（选择题共66分）一、单项选择题:本大题共33小题.每小题2分，共计66分。

在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项是最符合题意的。

1．近年来，我国不断推进文化体制改革，文化事业得到繁荣发展，这不仅改变了每一座城市，更改变了每一个人，百姓生活“更幸福更有尊严。

”这说明①文化是人类社会赖以生存和发展的基础②文化对人的影响具有潜移默化的特点③优秀文化能塑造人生，促进人的全面发展④文化能够转化为物质力量，促进社会发展A．①② B．①④ C．②③ D．③④2. 有人认为，优秀的企业文化是企业的灵魂和血脉，是企业提升市场竞争力的最关键因素，决定企业经营的成败。

这一观点①看到了文化与经济间的相互影响与交融②主张文化决定经济③明确文化可以丰富劳动者的精神世界，促进劳动者全面发展④强调文化对人的影响来自于特定的文化环境A. ①③B. ②③C. ①②D. ①④3. 用流行时文和快餐阅读代替经过历史检验的经典作品，已经成为今天必须正视的文化现象。

右侧漫画告诉我们A. 人才培养真正需要的是通俗、流行的文化B. 人才培养真正需要的是经典和严肃的文化C. 教材作为严肃文化产品只能选用经典作品D. 经典作品属于优秀传统文化，需要保护与传承4. 对于某地传统的狗肉节，爱狗人士强烈要求禁止，而当地人认为狗肉节没什么不妥，认为中国人有中国人的习俗，不必照搬西方观念，民族的就是世界的。

对此，下列看法正确的是A．传统习俗不应受到外来文化影响 B．吃狗肉作为落后习俗应该摒弃C．要用世界眼光衡量地域文化优劣 D．多元社会需要相互理解与包容5. 有人认为，阻碍我们走向世界的，并非世界的强大，而是我们弱势的民族文化。

这一观点的错误在于①坚持民族虚无主义，不利于尊重、认同、发展本民族文化②坚持文化发展要以我为主，为我所用③否认了中华文化的源远流长和博大精深④否认民族精神是民族文化的结晶A. ①③B. ②④C. ②③D. ①④6. 数间民居、一泓流水、挺拔的青松和结伴的人们……以丰子恺漫画为底稿的“中国梦”公益广告，亮相于全国大街小巷，向人们诠释着我国仁爱宽厚、孝悌友善等传统美德，引起了人们内心的共鸣。

江苏省如皋中学2014-2015学年度第一学期阶段练习高二英语第I卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. August 6. B. August 7. C. August 13. D. August 19.2. A. A coat store. B. A chemist’s. C. A dry cleaner. D. A watch shop.3. A. Policeman and driver. B. Teacher and student.C. Boss and clerk.D. Doctor and nurse.4. A. A brand of jeans. B. A new hair style. C. Popular stars. D.School uniforms.5. A. The man enjoys dramas very much.B. Soap operas aren’t the woman’s favorite.C. The woman has watched a lot of soap operas.D. The man doesn’t want to watch a drama with the woman.6. A. Anxious. B. Casual. C. Supportive. D. Unbelieving.7. A. The style of the watch. B. Her boy friend’s figure.C. The price of the watch.D. Her boy friend’s preference.8. A. The damage to the environment. B. The location of the hotel.C. The demand of the job market.D. The solution to the issue.9. A. Sh e can’t afford that much for a trip.B. She is fortunate to have made a lot of money.C. Sh e doesn’t think 15,000 dollars is enough for the trip.D. She considers 15,000 dollars only a small sum of money.10. A. Skipping the meal to lose weight. B. Having the pizza with the woman.C. Ordering food to be eaten at home.D. Dining out instead of eating at home. Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Engine trouble. B. Poor weather. C. Tall waterfalls. D. Tight budget.12. A. Amazing as well as tough. B. Funny while incredible.C. Disappointing but rewarding.D. Fascinating and well-paid.13. A. A mechanic. B. A photographer. C. A travel writer. D. A weather man. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Because it is totally beyond most students’ ability.B. Because it doesn’t he lp people today learn from history.C. Because students should be taught from the past forward.D. Because this kind of teaching approach is out-of-fashion.15. A. By studying with the traditional approach.B. By keeping names, places and dates in mind.C. By putting forward questions about the near future.D. By looking into the past for answers to present problems.16. A. To explain the history of education.B. To state the purpose of learning history.C. To criticize students’ habits of history study.D. To present a new method of history education.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Write ONE WORD for each blank on the Answer Sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.II Multiple choice (1× 15％) (请按题号涂卡)21.Doctors Without Boarders, ________ international organization, received ________ Nobel Prize for Peace in 1999 for its outstanding work .A. an, /B. the, theC. /, aD. an, the22. -----What’s one of the major problems _____ the children living in remote mountainous areas? ----- It’s poverty.A. faceB. facingC. facedD. faced with23.The big fire ________ due to the burning of construction materials caused 58 deaths and destroyed all the belongings of the people there.A.was believed to occurB. was believed to have occurredC. believed to have been occurredD. believed to have occurred24.----- Why hasn’t Jack come back yet ? _______ anything have happened to him ?----- I’m not sure, but I guess something _______ .A. May, must haveB. Can, may haveC. Must, mayD. Should, might have25. The host football team, _______ Matthew was, was beaten by the guest football team because their players were really _______ and good at football.A. on which, athleticB. on that, academicC. for whom, absurdD.in whom, admirable26. He felt ________ when hearing that he had been admitted into the school badminton team. Which answer is WRONG?A. cheerfulB. delightfulC. on cloud nineD. excited27.A growing number of people are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge _________ more promotion opportunities.A. devotes toB. refers toC. contributes toD. distributes to28.----- What a speech he has delivered!----- Really good! I could hardly imagine myself to make a speech in public.A. makeB. to makeC. makingD. being made29.The UN declared that they remained ________ to peace, fighting against terrorism despite difficulty.A. admittedB. committedC. devotingD. concentrating30.---- Why not buy this type of car，sir?----- ________ the high price, I could have chosen one .A. But forB. BesidesC. Aside fromD. Except for31. The committee is discussing the problem right now. It will ________ have been solved by the end of next week.A. eagerlyB. hopefullyC. immediatelyD. gradually32. Mr Wang’s commitment leaves him held in deep ________ by his students and also wins their respect.A. appreciationB. affectionC. adaptationD. adoption33.We would hesitate to pull over to the side of the road ________ a stranger in a car wave us down.A. shouldB. wereC. ifD. if only34.Playing on a frozen sports field sounds like a lot of fun. Isn’t it rather risky, _______ ?A. thoughB. alsoC. eitherD. too35.Not until_______ home ______he had had his wallet stolen.A. he returned, that he foundB. he returned, did he find,C. did he return, he foundD. did he return,, did he findIII Cloze test (1× 20)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choicesmarked A, B, C, D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage .We’ve all heard about the power of our attitude, and that it’s our attitude that determines how much we succeed in life.If you look around you, you will see that people with a positive attitude 36 life more and are generally happier and more successful than those who walk around grumpy and pessimistic. Our attitude is the driving force in our lives—it can either push you to do great things or pull you down to your demise.37 it’s true that humans are born with certain tendencies or orientations, our personalities and attitudes are developed through our relationships and experiences. Our attitudes begin to develop in childhood and constantly evolve and change over the years through day-to-day interactions and experiences.All the things that you have been 38 , or all the people you have met and interacted with can affect your attitude. Even if you think that all these factors have molded you into a person with a 39 attitude towards life, there is no need to worry as there is always a 40 for change. You can make it by doing some simple things. The first step towards change is to 41_ what needs to be changed. You need to do a(n) 42__ and in-depth self-evaluation so you can point out exactly which of your qualities need to be 43_ or totally changed. Besides, we all need to know that what we are trying to accomplish can 44_ be achieved, and that we can be more optimistic, more social and more patient. 45 someone who has the kind of attitude that you want to have, and let his or her life give you inspiration and 46 to move beyond your temporary failures on your 47 Towards becoming a successful person. In addition, choose the 48 company. Surround yourself with people who’re optimistic and have a positive 49 about life. You’ll see that your effort to change will be 50 with this kind of people as friends. 51, believe that you’re able to change. Often, the greatest obstacle between us and our 52 is ourselves or our inability to 53 What we’re able to do. If you don’t believe in yourself or believe that you o r your life change, it just won’t 54 .It cannot be denied that a positive attitude is very important in living a successful and satisfying life, 55 it’s only right to try to have a positive attitude.36.A.spend B.enjoy C.share D.choose37.A.When B.Even C.While D.Since38.A.through B.for C.in D.among39.A.curious B.casual C.poor D.cautious40.A.chance B.reason C.decisions D.detail41.A.select B.appreciate C.balance D.understand42.A.honest B.fancy C.extra D.fun43.A.praised B.determined C.improved D.developed44.A.quickly B.actually C.regularly D.personally45.A.Observe B.Hire C.Find D.Interview46.A.experiment B.explanation C.suggestion D.encouragement47.A.journey B.performance C.stage D.level48.A.general B.right C.perfect D.same49.A.opinion B.plan C.hobby D.manner50.A.plainer B.greater C.braver D.easier51.A.However ually C.Finally D.Thereforenguages B.goals C.habits D.roles53.A.trust in B.take in C.result in pete inst B.work C.happen D.count55.A.as B.if C.but D.soIV. Reading Comprehension (1× 18)A―Can you take me golfing sometimes?‖ my 13-year-old son asked.I had a bathroom to remodel(改建). I wanted to say no. ―Sure,‖I said.‖What did you have in mind ?‖―Well, maybe you could, like, pick up Jared and me after school on Friday and take us out to Oakway.‖―Sounds good.‖Friday came. In front of the school, Ryan and Jared piled in. Ryan looked confused.―What’s with the golf hat, Dad ?‖ he askedIt was, I thought, a silly question, like asking a diver: ―What’s with the swim fins (脚蹼)？‖―Well, I thought we were going to play some golf.‖There was a strange pause. ―Uh, you’re going, too ?‖He asked. Suddenly, it struck me that I hadn’t been invited. Thirteen years of parenting flashed before my eyes.All these memories sped by in about two seconds, leaving me about three seconds to reply.I had to say something. I wanted to say this: ―H ow could you do this to me? We have always beena team.‖ But I said: ―Me? Play? No. You know I’m up to my ears in the remodel project.‖We drove on in silence for a few moments. ―So, how are you planning to play for this?‖ I asked, my wounnded ego(自我) reaching for the dagger(匕首)―Uh, could you loan me $7?‖Oh, I get it. He doesn’t want me, but he’ll gladly take my money.―No problem, ‖ I said.I dropped him and Jared off, wished them luck, and headed for home. Life would never be the same.I walked in the door. ―What are you doing home?‖ my wife asked.―I wasn’t invited.‖ I replied.Another one of those strange pauses came. Then my wife laughed. Out loud. At first, I was hurt. Then I, too, laughed.I went back to the bathroom remodel and realized that this is what life is all about: change.A few hours later, I heard Ryan walk in the front door.―Dad,‖he said, ―My game stinks(糟透了). Can you take me golfing sometime ? I need some help.‖I wanted to hug him and shout: ―I’m still needed!‖Instead, I got one of those serious-dad looks on my face and said: ―Sure, Ry, anytime.‖56. After the author picked up his son and Jared at school, he ____________.A.went to play golf with themB.refused to pay for his son’s gameC.realized that he had not been invited to the golf gameD.realized that he had forgotton to bring along his golf hat57. The underlined phrase ―up to my ears‖ probably means ____________.A. having a deep interest in somethingB. being very busy with somethingC. being satisfied with somethingD. losing control of something58. When his son Ryan asked him for help playing golf, the author felt ____________.A.confusedB. excitedC. peacefulD. disappointed59.What kind of father is the author according to the article ?A.He is so strict with his children that they are afraid of himB.He loves his children, but is not good at communicating with themC.He is always ready to help his children, but also respects their independenceD.He spends little time with his children because he is so busy at workBAbove is an entry taken from an English dictionary．60.―Be careful not to scrat ch the furniture" most probably means ―Be careful notto ‖．A．remove any marks B．damage its surface C．make any noises D．change its position61.The word "scratch" in "Some drawings had been scratched on the back of the door" has thesame meanin g as in―‖．A．We scratched some of the dirt awayB．The car's paintwork is badly scratchedC．The dog; kept scratching at the door to go out．D．They scratched lines in the dirt to make marks62.―She had scratched because of a knee injury" might imply that ―She couldn't．A．take part in a race B．cancel a prepared activity'C．make a living af6ne D．make enough money63.When the French girl says "I learned German from scratch iii six months she meansshe ．A．had previously well prepared B．was unsatisfied with her GermanC．knew no German before that D．found few materials availableCWhen a big exam is coming up, you probably feel anxious about any wasted time and want to begin school as soon as you probably can.But tens of thousands of British high school students will soon be getting up later. They’re taking part in a new experiment by Oxford University to see if later classes can improve their exam results.Grades 10 students in the UK have to take the nationwide General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) exams. They have to pass these exams in order to study more advanced courses, and later apply for universities.The Oxford University project means that GCSE students from more than 100 schools across England will start school at 10 am, more than one hour later than the current start time (8:50 am).The project is based on scientific evidence that teenagers are ―out of sync(同步)‖ with traditional school hours, the Telegraph reported. And what they need is more sleep in the morning.―We know that something funny happens when you’re a teenager, in that you seem to be out ofsync with the world,‖ said professor Colin Epsie, who is leading the study. ―Your parents think it’s because you are lazy and opinionated（固执己见的）and everything will be OK if you could get to sleep earlier. But science is telling us that teenagers need to sleep more in the mornings.‖Everyone follows a natural cycle of sleep and wakefulness. Biology has decided that teenagers go to sleep around midnight and don’t feel fully awake until 9-10 am, according to scientists.That’s two hours later than adults. And their body clocks stay like this until the age of a round 21 for males, and 19 for females.―Society provides school for learning, but the brain provides sleep. So we are exploring the possibility that if you delay the schools start time until 10 am, that will improve learning performance,‖ said Epsie.The results could be positive, based on previous studies.An early study at the UK’s Monkseaton High School in 2009 found that starting an hour later improved grades in core subjects by 19 percent.The Oxford project is expecting to publish the results in 2018. It’s time to wait and see whether scientists will give us an excuse to get up late.64.. According to the article, students who take part in the Oxford University project _________.A. will start school one hour earlierB. will no longer have to take GCSE examsC. will perform better academically than those who don’t participateD. will be guaranteed more sleeping time in the morning65. The underlined phrase ―out of sync‖in Paragraph 5 probably means _____________ .A. breaking the habit of doing somethingB. getting used to doing somethingC. having no idea of somethingD. having trouble keeping up with something66. We can infer from the article that _______________ .A. the Oxford University project is targeted at all British high schoolsB. getting up late is a sign of laziness in the eyes of most British parentsC. children and adults have different natural cycles of sleep and wakefulnessD. there is still no scientific evidence that supports a late school start time67. What is the author’s attitude toward the Oxford University project ?A.CriticalB. OptimisticC. DoubtfulD. Uninterested68. What’s the best title of the article ?A. Wake up late to excelB. I t’s never too late to learnC. The later you get up, the better you’ll learnD. An excuse to get up lateDMy heart sank when the man at the immigration counter gestured to the back room. I was born and raised in America, and this was Miami, where I live, but they weren’t quite ready to let me in yet.―Please wait in here, Ms. Abujaber,‖ the immigration officer said. My husband, with his very American last name, accompanied me. He was getting used to this. The same thing had happened recently in Cana da when I’d flown to Montreal to speak at a book event. That time they held me for 45 minutes. Today we were returning from a literary festival in Jamaica, and I was shocked That I was being sent ―in back‖ on ceagain.The officer behind the counter called me up and said, ―Miss, your name looks like the name of someone who’s on our wanted list. We’re going to have to check you out with Washington.‖―How long will it take?‖―Hard to say…a few minutes,‖ he said, ―We’ll call you when we’re ready for you.‖ After an hour, Washington still hadn’t decided anything about me.―Isn’t this computerized?‖ I asked at the counter, ―Can’t you just look me up?‖―Just a few more minutes,‖ they assured me.After an hour and a half, I pulled my cell phone out to call the friends I was supposed to meet that evening. An officer rushed over. ―No phones!‖ he said, ―For all we know you could be calling a terrorist cell and giving them information.‖―I’m just a university professor,‖ I said. My voice came out in a squeak.―Of course you are. And we take people like you out of here in leg irons every day.‖I put my phone away.My husband and I were getting hungry and tired. Whole families had been brought into the waiting room, and the place was packed with excitable children, exhausted parents, and even a flight attendant.I wanted to scream, to jump on a chair and shout: ―I’m an American citizen; a novelist; I probably teach English literature to your children.‖After two hours in detention (扣押), I was approached by one of the officers. ―You’re free to go,‖ he said. No explanation or apologies. For a moment, neither of us moved. We were still in shock. Then we leaped to our feet.―Oh, one more thing,‖ he handed me a tattered photocopy with an address on it, ―If you are n’t happy with your treatment, you can write to this agency.‖―Will they respond?‖ I asked.―I don’t know—I don’t know of anyone who’s ever written to them before.‖ Then he added,‖By the way, this will probably keep happening eac h time you travel internationally.‖―What can I do to keep it from happening again?‖He smiled the empty smile we’d seen all day, ―Absolutely nothing.‖After telling several friends about our ordeal, probably the most frequent advice I’ve heard in response is to change my name. Twenty years ago, my own graduate school writing professor advised me to write under a pen name so that publishers wouldn’t stick me in what he called ―the ethnic ghetto‖—a separate, secondary shelf in the bookstore. But a name is an integral part of anyone’s personal and professional identity—just like the town you’re born in and the place where you’re raised.Like my father, I’ll keep the name, but my airport experience has given me a whole new perspective on what diversity and tolerance are supposed to mean. I had no idea that being an American would ever be this hard.69. The author was held at the airport because ______.A. she had been held in MontrealB.she had spoken at a book eventC. she and her husband returned from JamaicaD. her name was similar to a terrorist’s70. She was not allowed to call her friends because ______.A. her identity hadn’t been confirmed yetB. she had been held for only one hour and a halfC. there were other families in the waiting roomD. she couldn’t use her own cell phone71. We learn from the passage that the author would ______ to prevent similar experience fromhappening again.A. change her nameB. do nothingC. write to the agencyD.avoid traveling abroad72. Her experiences indicate that there still exists ______ in the US.A. toleranceB. diversityC. discriminationD.hatred73.The author sounds ______ in the last paragraph.A.ironic (具有讽刺意味的)B. impatientC. worriedD. bitter第II卷(Please write the answers on the Answer Sheet)V．Paraphrase the sentences (0.5× 8)1.After the flood, what’s of prime importance is to stop diseases spreading.After the flood, what’s of prime importance is to stop ______ ______ of diseases.2.The situation is very different here, and so are the problems.The situation is very different here, _______ ________ the problems.3.He got very hot under the collar when others asked about the accusation of lying.He got very ______ when asked about the accusation of lying.4.He couldn’t help smiling when he looked back on the cheerful gathering with his friends.He couldn’t help smiling when he ______ ______ ______ the cheerful gathering withhis friends.VI．Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the given verbs (1× 8)1.In many places of the world, water is not safe _______(drink )even though boiled.2. What a good speech he has delivered! It’s hard to imagine myself _______ (make) to make one in public.3. Limited to _______ (purchase) ten lyres of oil a person, the locals ran to wait in lines all night.4. ----- Is your father an English teacher in our school ?----- No. But he _______(teach) English for 8 years here.5.----- What should I do with the passage ?------ _______ (find out ) te main idea of each paragraph.6. If you ________ (surrounded) with people without strong desire to study, chances are that you will end up _______ (abandon) your previous goal.7. It’s required that everyone present ________ (not discuss) with each other about the matter.VII. Write the words according to the Chinese meaning or initial letter: (1× 10)1._________ (陪伴) by an experienced instructor, twenty-year-old Betty learned skiing very quickly.2.In fact, after an earthquake, shelter and a______ to food and clean water are big problems.3.P_______ conditions and unexpected poverty in the promote mountainous area didn’t stop Peter staying behind, helping the children .4.Culture difference reminds us to know about what is _______ (合适的，恰当的) behavior when in an foreign country.5.Though Betty shew no sign of injury, the coach still followed strict p________ and sent her to the doctor.6.One of the UN’s eight development goals by 2015 is to make sure of clean water a_______ toeveryone.7.A_______，my visits will inspire more people to participate in the work against poverty.8.Discoveries by Philp Farnsworth in the late 1920s and early 1930s made important ________ (突破) in the development of TV.9.The e_________ of video and sound devices allows people all over the globe to communicate more easily and conveniently.10.A high _______ (比例) of the female staff in the company are part-time workers.VIII Task -based Reading (1× 10)Write ONE WORD for each blank on the Answer Sheet.Traveling to a new country isn’t as simple as just buying a ticket and boarding a plane. In fact, it can be easy for an awkward situation to occur. Different customs can often cause misunderstandings and even trouble. To help prevent a serious culture pas, an article in the Daily Mail highlighted taboos in certain countries. Let’s take a look.FranceWhen visiting France, you’d better not be caught cutting your lettuce with a knife and fork. It’s an insult to the chef and suggests that the salad hasn’t been prepared correctly. The correct way to eat lettuce in France is to fold it with your fork to make it fit in your mouth.ItalyIt’s actually best to be a little less friendly than usual when you visit Italy. It’s considered strange to make small talk with strangers, as the locals are reserved. Too much familiarity from a stranger can be seen as threatening, so keep greetings short.MexicoIn Mexico, bringing an expensive gift to someone’s home is a no-no, as it could be seen as a tribe. Something simple like flowers and chocolates would be accepted. But you should avoid taking along marigolds (金盏花) or red flowers, because in Mexican culture, they symbolize death and can be associated with witchcraft(巫术).GermanyYou have to be careful with gifts of flowers in Germany too. Steer clear of carnations(康乃馨)，as they are used for funerals. And an even number is considered unlucky. So if you want togive your host flowers, ask them what their favorite flowers are before your visit. And be sure to bring an odd number.How to avoid 1.________ taboos in a new countryWriting: read the following passage and write an article of about 150 words according to the requirements.Culture in general is concerned with beliefs and values on the basis of which people explain experiences and behaviors, individually or in groups. Generally speaking, culture refers to a group or community with which you share common experiences that shape the way you understand the world.The same person, thus, can belong to several different cultures depending on his or her birthplace, nationality, ethnicity, family status, gender, age, language, education, physical cindition, religion, profession, place of work and so on.Culture is often at the root of communication challenges. Exploring historical experiences and the ways in which various cultural groups have related to each other is important in opening channels for cross-cultural communication. Becoming more aware of cultural differences, as well as exploring cultural similarities, can help you communicate with others more effectively. Next time you find yourself in a confusing situation, ask yourself how culture may be shaping your own reactions, and try to see the world from the others’ point of view.写作内容:1.用约30个单词写出上文概要;2.用约120个单词发表你的观点,内容包括:1)你如何看待文化多样性(cultural diversity) ?2)我们应该如何解决文化差异方面的问题?写作要求：1.在作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参阅材料的内容，但不能直接引用文中原句。

2015～2016学年度第学期教学质量调研 一、语言文字运用(21分) 1.（3分）A 2.（3分）B 3.（3分）C 4.（3分）A 5.（3分）B 6.（3分）C 7.（3分）D 二、文言文阅读(22分) 8.（3分）D （蹙：困顿，窘迫） 9.（3分） C（“生番铁布趁着教匪猖獗发动叛乱”错，由原又“尔汉以铁布未叛乱”可知，铁布并没有发动叛乱。

） 10.⑴（4分）号角声响起，抓住在城墙上的敌人没有一个逃脱的，城外的敌人发觉后，就带兵离去了。

评分建议：“扼”、“ 觉”、“引”、 句意通顺各1分。

⑵（4分）巩昌告急，朱尔汉骑马返回，贼人已占据城东的鸳鸯河，朱尔汉在夜里越过贼人的关卡进入，巩昌城的守卫才得到巩固。

评分建议：“驰”、“据”、“掠”、句意通顺各1分。

（3）（4分）然而我曾听说风俗是随着教化而改变的，我哪能料想那里现在与古时候所说的相比没有什么两样呢？ 评分建议：“易”、“恶”、状语后置句、句意通顺各1分。

11.（4分）富有谋略，懂得进退，善于攻心。

评分建议：每点1分，答全得满分。

三、古诗词鉴赏(11分) 12．(1)（分）(2) （分 (3) （分） 13．⑴抟扶摇羊角而上者九万里；⑵夕揽洲之宿莽；⑶所守或匪亲；⑷师道之不传也久矣；⑸大弦嘈嘈如急雨；⑹只是当时已惘然；⑺不患人之不己知；⑻君子引而不发。

评分建议：每句1分，出现多字、少字、错字该句不得分。

五、现代文阅读(28分) 14． 16．（分）第一次，写陶门神所画钟馗有灵异之气缭绕其上，坏人不敢看，看一眼浑身抖，强调陶门神“活路儿是真好”。

第二次，写陶天拿着钟馗的刻版吓得浑身抖，证实陶天杀人的罪恶。

两处内容前后照应，推动故事情节向前发展，为下文写陶天的转变埋下伏笔、．（分）陶天秉承父亲的敬业精神，请版前沐浴，焚香，清心，凝气，显得有些怪。

陶天身体残疾，人生之路曲折，内心苍凉。

．陶门神是一位敬业、技艺精湛、教子有方、爱憎分明、行为怪异的手工艺人形象。