三、学会归纳总结
填入答案时要对照自己听时的记录笔记,先确定全文的大体结构和层次,避免答非所问。 值得注意的是有时要填入的词不是原文原词,需要在理解原文的基础上进行概括归纳而得出, 因此答案通常不止一个。这种类型的题目较难,需要听者对原文关键词和全文的理解。
四、灵机一动猜答案
即使有些词没记录下来,在答题时仍然可以通过多种方法得出正确答案,意思对即可。 1.对考题结构进行分析。考题是原文的浓缩,在结构上必然会体现原文清晰的顺序和
层次结构。考生如果遗漏了其中某一层次的内容,可以先找到与之结构上并列的信息,依次
判断推测。 2.对考题空格处的语法分析。考生可以通过分析,推测出空格处应填入的词的词性和
词形,然后根据前后相关信息,寻找在意义上也符合要求的答案。
3.基于自身知识。原文中的话题大部分涉及考生熟悉的领域,因此考生会具有一定的 相关背景知识。如果笔记中没有可供参考的信息,听者还可以根据自己对话题的了解,预测 和推断出答案。
[6]Grit is living life like it's a marathon, not a sprint. A few years ago, I started studying grit in the Chicago public schools. I asked thousands of high school juniors to take grit questionnaires, and then waited around more than a year to see who would graduate. [7]It turned out that grittier kids were significantly more likely to graduate, even when I matched them on every characteristic I could measure, things like family income, test scores and so on. To me, the most shocking thing about grit is how little we know, how little science knows about building it. Every day, parents and teachers ask me” How do I build grit in kids? How do I keep them motivated for the long run?" Our data show very clearly that there are many talented individuals who simply do not follow through on their commitments. [8]In fact, in our data, grit is usually unrelated or even inversely related to measures of talent. So far, the best idea I've heard about building grit in kids is something called "growth mindset." [9]Growth mindset is the belief that the ability to learn is not fixed, that it can change with your effort. [10]Kids with grit are much more likely to persevere when they fail, because they don't believe that failure is a permanent condition. So growth mห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ndset is a great idea for building grit. But we need more. And that's where I'm going to end my remarks, because that's where we are. That's the work that stands before us. We have to be willing to fail, to be wrong, to start over again with lessons learned. As a conclusion, we need to be gritty about getting our kids grittier. Nest time, I would like to share with my experience in building up students’ grit.