高强度聚酯纤维的研究
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Abstract
Uninterrupted—Solid—State Polymerization by high—purity nitrogen,and at the sanle time,the enough reaction time must be insured,reaction temperature:220+2。C,nitrogen flow:600 1 000ml/min,to compose the high—viscosity polyester fiber,which has higher relative molecular mass,uniform internal structure and fine—thermo-stability.To increase the temperature of spinning fusibility Call improve the flow capabmty of high—tenacity polyester
fiber.Under critical value,to increase cutting ratio and spinning temperature are propitious to spinning.When[n]:1.1,a2:1.5~2,the spinning temperature:295~298。C,annealing temperature:290~300℃;and adoption the third class,draft.distribution draft—ratio raftonal
flber;3)optimizing the new technology in production flow;to guide the exploitation and the
uses ofthe new breed in polyester fiber.
The contents include:1)Establishment of mathematical model on solid—state polymerization;Studies about influences of reaction temperature,residence time,purity and
data.In order to find 1)the relation between the theory and the process of practical produce;2)a searching for the new technology for the advance of high—tenacity polyester
technology ofthe high-tenacity polyester fiber in spinning part are determined f'mally.
Studies shows:The mathematica model of solid—state polymerization,which is
temperature,spinning velocity,annealing temperature and draft ratio and other influences
on high-tenacity polyester fibre production process.The production process and the molding
Chang.Kwon Kang.In solid—state polymerization,the influence of temperature on chemical reaction is more sensitive than that on diffusion reaction.The activation energy of chemical
controlled by reversible chemical reaction in globalar particles and three—dimensional
diffusion of small molecules altogether,is coincident with the theoretic data provided by
flow rate of circulating ni订ogen on the reaction of solid-state poly condens砒ion,based on It’s
based on the mathematical model of solide-.state poly—·condensation and the practical
大连轻工业学院 硕士学位论文 高强度聚酯纤维的研究 姓名:卜小军 申请学位级别:硕士 专业:材料学 指导教师:徐德增
20031201
摘要
摘要
高强度聚酯纤维是近年来发展速度快、应用领域广泛的化纤产品。随着科技的发展, 对聚酯纤维强度的要求越来越高,在这个领域的研究也越来越多。本论文以数学模型在 固相聚合上的应用及一步法纺丝过程的熔体流变性研究为理论基础,结合实际生产工艺 条件,找出理论与实际生产过程的关系,探索出提高聚醮纤维强度、优化生产流程的新 技术,进而指导聚酯纤维新品种的开发和应用。
2)For the spinning part,Studies about carefully the preparation of high—tenacity polyester
fibre,based 0n the melt rheological property of one—step spinning process and the fluxion curve of melt,in combination of relative moleculat nlass of PET chips,spinning
研究内容包括:1)数学模型在固相聚合的应用,并以固相聚合数学模型为理论依 据,结合实测反应条件,研究反应温度、停留时间、循环氮气纯度及流量等因素对固相 聚合反应的影响,从而确定了生产高强度聚酯纤维的原料一高粘切片的制各方法应采用 连续固相聚合的方式,同时确定了用固相聚合法生产高强度聚酯纤维的最佳工艺参数; 2)以高粘度聚酯熔体的流变性、流体的流动曲线的研究为基础,结合PET切片的相对 分子量、纺丝温度、纺丝速度、缓冷温度、牵仲比等因素对高强纤维生产工艺的影响, 确定了生产高强度聚酯纤维纺丝成型的技术和工艺条件。
Key Words:High—Tenacity PoI yester Fibre。SoI id-State PoI yeondensation One—Step Spi nning
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第~章引言
第一章引 言
随着世界科学技术和工业的发展,化纤工业,特别是产业用化学纤维在不 断开拓新的领域、开发新的产品,并在航空航天、冶金、交通、建筑、化工、 水利等各个行业广泛应用。作为轮胎和机械橡胶制品的骨架材料,粘胶强力丝、 锦纶工业丝在西欧、日本、美国的工业用量中所占比重都有不同程度的下降。 但高强度聚酯纤维又称高强涤纶工业丝(HT)则以其断裂强度大、弹性模量高、 延伸率低、耐冲击性好等优良性能和生产成本低、生产环境好等优点而获得了 迅速发展,在世界各国的用量均处于上升趋势,1970年世界涤纶工业丝产量约 lO万吨,在长丝中占的比例很低。1980年约20万吨,占长丝总量的9.5%。1991 年为45.5万吨,占15.5%,大体上十年翻一番。根据国外有关资料预测,工业 用丝的三个主要化纤品种的地位继续朝着涤纶方面增长“3。
control the pre-stretch temperature is normal;the first—stretch temperature:70~80℃;the
second—stretch:160~170。C;the finalize design temperature:220~230。C;non—orientation gene(fa)is about 60;the spinning speed is 2500~3000n'dmin.If we do like this.we can achieve high—tenacity and high—stability polyester fiber production.
in order to control the orientation degree of fiber that after the first··draft and the second--draft
are below O.1 8 and O.1 9;the crystal degree of fiber are below 40 and 45 respectively,to
measurement data.Thus determine production methods for the stuff of high—polyester fiber,
and fix the best production process,which the method of continuous solid—state polymerization
研究结果表明:球形颗粒中可逆化学反应和小分子三维扩散共同控制的固相聚合数 学模型与Chang.Kwon Kang提出的理论数据相吻合,在固相聚合反应中,化学反应比 扩散反应对温度更敏感,化学反应的活化能大于扩散反应的活化能;采用高纯度氮气脱 挥方式连续固相聚合的方法,在确保足够的反应时间的同时,反应温度控制在220±2 ℃,氮气流量在600 1000ml/min范围内,来合成高分子量、内在结构均匀、热稳定性 好的高粘度聚酯切片。提高纺丝熔体温度可以改善高强聚酯纤维的流动性能,只要在临 界值以下,增加剪切速率和相应地提高纺丝温度。均有利于纺丝;当增粘后PET切片的 特性粘度为1.1,分子量分布系数a2在1.5~2,0之间,纺丝温度设定为295~298℃, 缓冷温度为290~300。C时:并采用三级拉伸,合理分配拉伸比,使经一级拉伸后纤维的 取向度控制在O.18以下,结晶度在40以下;经二级拉伸后纤维的取向度控制在0.19 以下,结晶度在45左右;预拉伸温度为常温,一级拉伸温度为70~80℃,二级拉伸温 度160~170℃,定型温度为220~230"C:非取向因子fa值在60左右时;同时在确保 产量和质量的前提下,纺丝速度应控制在2500~3000m/tain之间,可以得到高强度、高 稳定性的聚酯纤维产品。