铁路选线设计兰州安交通大学土木工程学院土072班张建效兰州交通大学土木工程学院2011届毕业生毕业设计论文（本科）
摘要
铁路选线设计是土木工程、交通运输等专业的一门实践性课程；本设计主要训练学生综合运用所学基础知识的能力，培养学生用定性分析方法对问题进行综合分析和评价。本设计是对“能力计算”、“平纵面设计”等知识的拓宽与综合应用。通过毕业设计使学生在巩固所学能力计算和方案经济比较的基本方法，熟悉并运用《铁路线路设计规范》，从而加深对所学内容的理解，提高综合分析和解决问题的能力，为毕业后从事设计施工或继续深造奠定基础。铁路运输是实际中应用非常广泛的一种运输方式，具有运输量大、运输费用较低、车路一体、路权专用、行车平稳、资本密集的特点，有很强的适应性，因此，掌握铁路线路的设计方法对于土木工程专业的学生来说具有重要意义。
铁路选线设计中，要认真进行调查研究工作，切实做好经济调查与地形、地质、水文的勘测工作。要从大面积着手，由面到带，逐步接近，实事求是地评选比较方案，选定合理的线路位置。
线路设计要根据要求最大纵坡限制进行。对走向大致相同的地段进行拉坡，对于两条直线间的转角按圆曲线半径的要求加设圆曲线，并在圆曲线处进行坡度折减。按比例绘制平纵断面图，并根据线路实际情况在需要部位设置桥涵和隧道，减少线路长度和爬坡高度。计算线路的土石方填挖方量、线路长度及工程造价等，并编制圆曲线表、桥梁隧道表、填挖方工程量表等工程表格，综合比较两条线路的优缺点，选出最佳方案，完成设计。
关键词：平面、纵断面、横断面、拉坡、工程量、造价
ABSTRACT
Railway route design is civil engineering, transportation and a practical courses, This design main training students' comprehensive ability to use the basic knowledge, raises the student with qualitative analysis method of comprehensive analysis and evaluation problem. This design is calculated for "ability" and "flat vertical plane design" knowledge, broaden and comprehensive application. Through the graduation design makes the students learned capacity calculation and consolidate the basic methods of economic comparison, familiar with and use the railway line design specification, thus deepening understanding of content, improve the comprehensive analysis and problem solving ability for design and construction of foundation or continue. Railway transportation is very wide application in practice, the mode of transportation with traffic transportation, low cost, road, right, special characteristics of smooth, capital-intensive, strong adaptability, therefore, grasps the railway line design method for civil engineering students to have the important meaning.
Railway route design, the careful research work earnestly, economic survey and the topography and geology, hydrogeology survey. From the start, the surface area to take, gradually close, realistically compare scheme selection, select rational line position.
Line should be designed according to the maximum limit on longitudinal grade. For to roughly the same of the slope, and the Angle between two lines for according to the requirements of circular curve radius, and adding circular curve in circular curve on the slope. Drawn to scale, and according to the longitudinal flat line actual situation in the construction site to set and tunnel, reduce line length and climbing high. Calculation of line together, conditions and the engineering cost line length, and circular curve, bridge, tunnel excavation engineering in scale, comprehensive comparison of two engineering form the advantages and disadvantages of the lines, select the best scheme, design.
Key words: plane, longitudinal，cross-sectional, quantity, cost
