专四虚拟语气题目及讲解

虚拟语气讲解和练习（附答案）概念理解一、动词的语气语气用来区别讲话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

英语中的语气(mood)1.陈述语气Where there is a will, there's a way. 有志者事竟成。

Can you help me carry the box upstairs 你能帮我把箱子搬到楼上吗？How I missed the life in the countryside! 我多么想念乡村的生活啊！2.祈使语气Come this way, please! 请这边走。

Don't make any noise, will you 别吵，行吗？Do be careful when crossing the street. 过马路时一定要小心。

3.虚拟语气If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。

I wish it were spring all the year round. 但愿四季如春。

May good luck be yours! 祝你好运！知识清单清单一、条件句中的虚拟语气A．真实条件句If he doesn't come at 8, we won't wait for him. 如果他八点不来，我们就不等他了。

If a flood happened in the past, there was usually a great loss of life and property. 过去发生洪水的话，常有很大的生命和财产损失。

We shall go there unless it rains tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我们将去那里。

I'll let you use my bike on condition that you keep it clean. 如果你能保持车子干净，我就让你用我的自行车。

英语四级高级语法讲解：虚拟语气虚拟语气是说话者用来表示假设，或难以实现的情况，而非客观存在的事实，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至完全与事实相反。

下面是作者整理的英语四级高级语法讲解：虚拟语气，欢迎大家阅读学习。

引导的虚拟语气2.倒装形式Were I you(=if I were you),I would get up early in the morning.Had you arrived at the station ten minutes earlier yesterday(=If you had arrived…),you could have caught the train.Should it rain(=If it should rain),the crops would be saved.It is time that ...Would rather that.....(1)I would rather he came tomorrow than today.(2)John would rather that she had not gone to the party yesterday evening.(3)I would rather everything hadn t happened in the past.“It is(was)+形容词(或过去分词)+that……”结构中的虚拟语气is necessary that we(should 可省略,下同)have a walk now.was necessary that we(should) make everything ready ahead of time.is required that nobody(should) smoke here.is important that every pupil(should) be able to understand the rule of school.练习’ll be busy this he ___ free,he ___ to the cinema with you.to be; might go going to be; will gobe; might have gone ; will goEdison died,it was proposed that the American people _____ all power in their homes,streets,and factories for several minutes in honor of this great man.off offturn off turned offI known her name,_____.does she know mine? where does she live?would have invited her to lunch would be beautiful’d rather you ______ by train,because I cant bear the idea of your being in an airplane in such bad weather.go gogonevictim ________(本来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time.would have a chance to survive(翻译)professor required that ________(我们交研究报告)。

第十三节虚拟语气虚拟语气是谓语动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达假设、主观愿望、猜测、建议、可能或纯粹的空想等非真实情况。

一if非真实条件句中的虚拟语气1.if非真实条件句的基本用法由if引导的非真实条件句表示对现在、过去、将来的事实进行假设时，主句与从句中谓语动词的形式可以分为以下三类：The victim would have had a chance to survive if he had been taken to hospital in time.遇难者如果及时送往医院，他本来就有机会活下来的。

（与过去事实相反）If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码，我会告诉你。

（与现在事实相反）If there should be a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go skating.如果下周日下大雪的话，我们就不去滑冰了。

（表将来）[专四真题] If there were no subjunctive mood, English ______ much easier to learn. could have been B. would be C. will be D. would have been译文：如果没有虚拟语气，英语学习起来就会更容易了。

分析：本题表示与现在事实相反的假设。

表现与现在事实相反，条件从句用一般过去时，主句使用should(would)+动词原形，故B为答案。

A项could have been 是对过去事实的假设，与从句所表示的现在事实不吻合；C项will be 不可以用于虚拟语气中；D 是与过去事实相反的假设的虚拟语气从句形式。

2.省略if的虚拟条件句的用法在虚拟条件句中，如果从句中含有were, had或should等词时，可将if省去，把were, had或should等提到主句之前，引起倒装。

4级翻译虚拟语气讲解精选+习题高中语法项目------虚拟语气Subjunctive Mood 一：分类1在英语中有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气2 虚拟语气表示说话的人的一种愿望、意见、命令、要求，有时候是一种非真实的假设、料想或者是不可能实现的与事实相反的愿望。

二、形式虚拟语气经常用在if引导的条件状语从句中，在条件句中做出和事实不相符的一种假设。

a.和现在事实相反的假设If从句主句主语+动词过去式+其它(be动词用were) 主语+would/should/could/might+动词原形+其它如：If I were you, I would study hard. If he had enough money, he would buy a computer.b.和过去事实相反的假设If从句主句主语+had done+其它主语+had been done+其它主语+would/should/could/might +have done主语+would/should/could/might +have been done(被动)如：If you had come five minutes earlier, you would have met him.If they had been treated in time, they would not have died.c.和将来事实相反的假设If从句主句主语+were to do+其它主语+动词过去式+其它主语+should+动词原形+其它主语+would/should/could/might+动词原形如：If I were to do it, I would do it in another day.If it rained tomorrow, we wouldn’t be able to go on picnic.d.混合条件句混合条件句是指条件句是对过去事实相反的假设，而主句则表示现在的某种情况。

专业英语四级（从句与虚拟语气）模拟试卷3(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 4. GRAMMAR & VOCABULARYPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN)Directions: There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.1．I had barely come in______the telephone rang.A．whenB．afterC．thanD．while正确答案：A解析：状语从句。

时间状语从句固定结构hardly／barely／scarcely…when…，no sooner…than…，表示“一……就……”，主句使用过去完成时，从句使用一般过去时。

知识模块：状语从句2．______we know, there are 107 elements found in nature.A．As farB．So far asC．Just asD．So long as正确答案：B解析：状语从句。

条件状语从句连词as／so far as表示“据……，就……”。

D项表示“只要”，不符句意。

知识模块：状语从句3．The more we looked at the picture,______.A．the less we liked itB．we like it lessC．better we liked itD．it liked better正确答案：A解析：状语从句。

方式状语从句句式“The+比较级+主语+谓语，the+比较级+主语+谓语．”，表示“越……越……”之意。

专四语法考点解析之虚拟语气专四语法考点解析之虚拟语气语法是语言学的一个分支，研究按确定用法来运用的"词类"、"词"的屈折变化或表示相互关系的其他手段以及词在句中的功能和关系。

下面是店铺给大家带来专四语法考点解析之虚拟语气，希望能给大家带来帮助。

考点一：表示建议、要求、命令等动词如insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, ask, require, request, demand引导的从句及it引导的相应的分词、名词和形容词从句，谓语用(should)+动词原形。

1. It was recommended that passengers _not __ smoke during the flight.(2004/1994)A. notB. need notC. could notD. would not2. He left orders that nothing _should be_____touched until the police arrived here.1997A. should beB. ought to beC. must beD. would be3. She asked that she __be____ allowed to see her son in police custody. 1993A.would beB.could beC.beD.was4. The teacher demanded _that Tom hand in_____ his essay immediately.1991A. Tom to hand inB. that Tom hands inC. that Tom handed inD. that Tom hand in考点二：It is +advisable, essential, important, imperative, incredible等从句，谓语用(should)+动词原形。

专四语法第13节-虚拟语气第十三节虚拟语气虚拟语气是谓语动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达假设、主观愿望、猜测、建议、可能或纯粹的空想等非真实情况。

一if非真实条件句中的虚拟语气1.if非真实条件句的基本用法由if引导的非真实条件句表示对现在、过去、将来的事实进行假设时，主句与从句中谓语动词的形式可以分为以下三类：The victim would have had a chance to survive if he had been taken to hospital in time.遇难者如果及时送往医院，他本来就有机会活下来的。

（与过去事实相反）If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码，我会告诉你。

（与现在事实相反）If there should be a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go skating.如果下周日下大雪的话，我们就不去滑冰了。

（表将来）[专四真题] If there were no subjunctive mood, English ______ much easier to learn. could have been B. would be C. will be D. would have been译文：如果没有虚拟语气，英语学习起来就会更容易了。

分析：本题表示与现在事实相反的假设。

表现与现在事实相反，条件从句用一般过去时，主句使用should(would)+动词原形，故B为答案。

A项could have been 是对过去事实的假设，与从句所表示的现在事实不吻合；C项will be 不可以用于虚拟语气中；D 是与过去事实相反的假设的虚拟语气从句形式。

2.省略if的虚拟条件句的用法在虚拟条件句中，如果从句中含有were, had或should等词时，可将if省去，把were, had或should等提到主句之前，引起倒装。

专业英语四级（从句与虚拟语气）模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 4. GRAMMAR & VOCABULARYPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN)Directions: There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.1．I don’t doubt_____he can finish the task on time.A．whyB．thatC．whetherD．when正确答案：B解析：在否定结构和疑问结构中，doubt为及物动词，如doubt后的从句完整无缺失信息，则选that为宾语从句的引导词。

知识模块：各类从句2．I doubt_____they can swim across the river.A．whyB．thatC．whetherD．when正确答案：C解析：在肯定句中，及物动词doubt后的宾语从句，多用whether或if引导，表示“怀疑是否，怀疑能否”。

知识模块：各类从句3．I doubt_____he is the murderer because he is not on the scene at that moment.A．whyB．thatC．whetherD．when正确答案：B解析：在肯定句中，及物动词doubt后面也可以接that引导的宾语从句，但表示疑虑较大或“不相信”。

知识模块：各类从句4．I have doubts_____everyone present has about_____he is telling the truth.A．why, ifB．that, whetherC．whether, whomD．when, which正确答案：B解析：此句中有两个从句，doubt为名词，其后第一个从句everyone present has 为关系分句，先行词即doubt，从句所缺信息即先行词内容，故选关系代词that 作为连词；第二个从句接在介词之后，为宾语从句；再结合肯定句中doubt后接whether或if，以及介词之后只能使用whether，不能使用if表示“是否”，从而得出答案是whether。

虚拟语气一、考点聚焦1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中（1）表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式（be动词的过去式用were）”，而主句中的谓语动词用“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。

如：If I were a boy, I would join the army.If the had time, she should go with you.（2）表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用“would / should / might / could + have +过去分词”。

如：If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.（3）表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形，而主句中的谓语动词则用would / should/could might + 动词原形。

如；If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.（4）当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。

如：If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)Were I a boy, I would join the army.Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句（1）虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。

Subjunctive Mood1. 语气Mood语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对一事物和人的态度和看法。

包括陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气三种。

陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。

①There are two sides to every question.每个问题都有两个方面。

②Were you busy all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙吗？③How good a teacher she is!她是多好的一位老师啊！祈使语气祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。

① Never be late again!再也不要迟到了。

② Don’t forget to turn off the light.别忘了关灯。

虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。

①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。

②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。

③May you succeed!祝您成功！虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达未能成为事实或者不可能成为事实的情况，或者在说话人看来实现可能性很小的情况。

此外还可用来表示命令、建议、设想、祝愿（或could have done 本来可以- - -might have done 本来可能- - -should / ought to have done 本来应该做- - -shouldn’t / ought not to have done 本不该做- -你本不应该告诉她真相。

You shouldn’t have told her the truth .needn’t have done 本不必做- - -比较：didn’t need to do 没必要做也没有做- - -我没必要擦窗户。

（完整版）虚拟语气讲解及练习题（含答案和解释）虚拟语气讲解与练习黄志刚2013.10.一. 简介虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。

虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。

英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气在什么情况下用虚拟语气? 在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或表示某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。

即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。

二. 虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法1、真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句真：eg . If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。

( 真实条件状语)（不是虚拟语气）If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的，他会要求我讲故事。

（真实条件状语）（不是虚拟语气）非真：eg. If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你，我马上就会去。

（非真实条件状语从句）If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空气，人就会死亡。

（非真实条件状语从句）2、用法及动词形式1、表示与现在事实相反的情况，例1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。

（事实：我不可能是你） 2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。

（事实：不知道） 3.If there were no air orwater, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。

英语专四真题汇总之虚拟语气Ⅰ.2004年54.＿＿if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand?A．Would you be surprised B. Were you surprisedC. Had you been surprisedD. would you have been surprised[A] 译文：如果昨天没有通知你我就来了，你会觉得奇怪吗？虚拟语气题。

从句表示与过去的事实相反的情况，但主语中含有未来发生的意思，而且是问对方现场的感受，所以动词形式应与表示现在的时间一致，故选A。

56.It is imperative that students ＿＿their term papers on time.A. hand inB. would hand inC. have to hand inD. handed in[A] 译文：学生必须按时上交他们的学期论文。

句中单词imperative是虚拟语气的一个标志，后面的主语从句中的谓语应该用should加动词原形或者直接用动词原形，故A正确。

Ⅱ.2005年51.If you explained the situation to your solicitor , he ＿＿able to adviseyou much better than I can.A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. were[A]译文：如果你把情况说给你的律师，他的建议会比我给你的建议更好。

根据句意，从句用的是过去时态，主句要用过去将来时态，故A正确。

63.＿＿you ＿＿further problems with your printer, contact your dealer foradvice.A. If , hadB. Have, hadC. Should, haveD. In case, had[C]译文：如果你的打印机再有问题，请联系经销商获取建议。

虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达说话人的愿望、请求、意图、建议、惊奇、设想等。

虚拟语气在各种结构中的运用是历年三级统考必考的内容，考生必须熟练掌握。

以下从五个方面介绍。

一、虚拟条件句中虚拟语气的运用：虚拟条件句从时间上又分为与现在事实相反，与过去事实相反，与将来事实可能相反三种情况。

表示与现在事实相反的，if从句用过去式，主句用would（或could ,should ,might）加原形动词。

与过去事实相反的，if从句用过去完成时，主句用would（或could ,should ,might）+have done结构。

与将来事实可能相反的，if 从句用should （或were to ）加动词原形，主句用would加动词原形。

1、If a better material _____, the strength of the part would have been increased.A. had been usedB. had been usingC. being usedD. using（根据前面的讲解，正确答案为A。

）（1992年58题）2、Had the weather been good, the children _____ out for a walk.A. had goneB. could have goneC. would goD. went（答案：B。

与过去的事实相反。

当if从句中含有were, had, should这三个词时，if可以省略，主谓倒装。

）（2001年57题）二、某些动词后的宾语从句以及某些名词后的表语或同位语从句中虚拟语气的运用这些动词或名词包括：suggest （suggestion）,propose（proposal）,advise （advice）demand, insist, order, request, require, recommend, desire, ask, decide等。

英语专四虚拟语气真题讲解虚拟语气历来是英语语法学习的难、重点之一。

本文结合课堂教学实践,试从英语语法系统的角度,从两个方面对虚拟语气讲解,从而使广大自考生能够轻松掌握虚拟语气。

一方面,“虚拟语气”概念的理解;另一方面,变简单的用法列举为边讲解边列举它的常见用法。

一、虚拟条件句中虚拟语气的运用：虚拟条件句从时间上又分为与现在事实相反，与过去事实相反，与将来事实可能相反三种情况。

表示与现在事实相反的，if从句用过去式，主句用would或could ,should ,might加原形动词。

与过去事实相反的，if从句用过去完成时，主句用would或could ,should ,might+have done结构。

与将来事实可能相反的，if 从句用should 或were to 加动词原形，主句用would加动词原形。

1、If a better material _____, the strength of the part would have been increased.A. had been usedB. had been usingC. being usedD. using根据前面的讲解，正确答案为A。

1992年58题2、Had the weather been good, the children _____ out for a walk.A. had goneB. could have goneC. would goD. went答案：B。

与过去的事实相反。

当if从句中含有were, had, should这三个词时，if 可以省略，主谓倒装。

2001年57题二、某些动词后的宾语从句以及某些名词后的表语或同位语从句中虚拟语气的运用这些动词或名词包括：suggest suggestion,proposeproposal,advise advicedemand, insist, order, request, require, recommend, desire, ask, decide等。

专四语法考点解析之虚拟语气（2）A. had been operated on, might not dieB. had been operated on, might not have diedC. were operated on, might not dieD. were operated on,- might not have died(二)与现在事实相反：从句sb did(were)，主句sb would(should, could, might)+do;1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _would be____ much easier to learn.2009A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been2. “You _could_____ borrow my notes provided you take care of them,” I told my friend. 2007A. couldB. shouldC. mustD. can正确答案是陈述语序3. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he _would be_______ able to advise you much better than I can.2005A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. Were4. If I knew Japanese , I _would apply_____ for the position.1991A. would applyB. will applyC. may have appliedD. will have applied(三)与将来事实相反：从句sb did (should+do或were+to do)，主句sb would (should, could, might)+do。