2011年天津外国语大学英语专业语言学真题试卷_真题-无答案

2011年天津外国语大学英语专业（语言学）真题试卷

(总分62,考试时间90分钟)

1. 单项选择题

1. ______ is a central vowel.

A. [e] B. [i]

C. [u] D. [a]

2. Which of the following is a pair of relational opposites?

A. single vs. married B. hot vs. cold

C. alive vs. dead D. husband vs. wife

3. Which of the following is a minimal pair?

A. pet, kid B. put, pest

C. cave, shave D. must, taste

4. Which of the following ways of word-formation does not change the grammatical class of the

stems?

A. compound B. inflection

C. derivation D. coinage

5. Which of the following statements is true?

A. Larynx is what we sometimes call "Adam"s apple".

B. The International Phonetic Alphabet uses narrow transcription.

C. There are two nasal consonants in English.

D. It is sounds by which we **municative meaning.

6. A ______has been added to Chomsky"s first model of grammar as shown in his Aspects of the

Theory of Syntax(1965).

A. set of rewriting rules

B. component of categories

C. **ponent

D. word classification

7. According to the manner of articulation,[m]is a______.

A. bilabial B. plosive

C. nasal D. lateral

8. "I can refer to Confucius even though he was dead 2,000 years ago. " This shows that language

has the design feature of______.

A. arbitrariness B. creativity

C. duality D. displacement

9. ______ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a **munity.

A. Langue B. Competence

C. **petence D. Linguistic potential

10. Which of the following is an "inflectional suffix"?

A. -ist B. -ary

C. -ing D. -ify

11. In today"s grammar we normally say that English does not have a " future tense". This is

because in English ______.

A. the future is not expressed by morphological change

B. the future can be expressed in many ways

C. the future belongs to the category of "aspect"

D. the future is expressed by modal verbs

12. ______is a phenomenon that in some **munities two languages exist side by side with each

having a different role to play; and language switching occurs when the situation changes.

A. Bilingualism B. Diglossia

C. Pidgin D. Creole

13. ______ is a personal dialect of an individual speaker **bines elements regarding regional,

social, gender, and age variations.

A. Register B. Linguistic repertoire

C. Idiolect D. Dialect

14. Which of the following is NOT included in the three classes of syntactic relations?

A. positional relations

B. relations of co-occurrence

C. relations of expansion

D. relations of substitutability

15. All of the following are characteristics of implicature EXCEPT______.

A. conventionality B. non-detachability

C. cancellability D. calculability

16. "He has already trunked two packs" is an example of______error.

A. anticipation B. exchange

C. morpheme-exchange D. perception

17. The criterion used in IC analysis is______.

A. construction B. constituent

C. structure D. substitutability

18. According to G. Leech, who recognizes 7 types of meaning in his Semantics, ______ makes up

the central part.

A. conceptual meaning

B. connotative meaning

C. social meaning

D. thematic meaning

19. "The Club" is a device for blocking an automobile"s steering wheel, thus protecting the car

from being stolen. And one of its ads reads:The Club ! FD Anti-theft device for cars Police Say: "

Use it" or Lose It In terms of the Gricean theory, what maxim is exploited here?

A. the maxim of manner

B. the maxim of relevance

C. the maxim of quality

D. the maxim of quantity

20. What semantic relation do the following sentences have?A. I saw a girl.B. I saw a child.

A. contradiction B. entailment

C. synonym D. Presupposition

2. 名词解释

1. semantic field theory(3 points)

2. favourite sentence type(4 points)

3. free variation(3 points)

4. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis(4 points)

5. endocentric construction(3 points)

6. back formation(3 points)

3. 写作题

1. Choose any THREE of the following questions to analyze. Write the number of the question

and your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Discuss the major contributions of Saussure to modern

linguistics.

2. Comment on the "innateness hypothesis".

3. Explain the purpose and significance of reconstruction in historical linguistics and the method

employed by historical linguists.

4. How do you interpret the distinctions between language acquisition and language learning?

5. How do **ment on the two frequently used analogies for attempted inference on the origin of

language: the acquisition of speech by children and the structures and characteristics of so-called

"primitive" languages?