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料益州兼烤市烘烦学校it 是近年来高考的热点之一。
它不仅可以指代时间、地点、天气、距离等，还可以作形式主语和形式宾语，同时还可以用于强调句结构中。
下面结合高考试题来谈谈它的用法，希望能对同学们有所帮助。
一、it 用作代词的用法1)用来指时间、地点、天气、距离等。
例如:It is seven o'clock now.It is cold today.It is twenty miles from here to our school.2) 用来指代事物或前面提到过的事物或情况。
例如:It is a cat outside the door.My mother bought a pen and it was made in Japan.You've helped me a lot; I will never forget it.3)用来指人。
例如:Who is it? It's me.高考中榜题：1.(NMET'93)Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but________didn't help.A.heB.whichC.sheD.it(答案为D)2.(NMET2001)The Parkers bought a new house but ________ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.theyB.itC.oneD.which(答案为B)二、it用作形式主语。
it 常用来代替不定式、动名词短语或名词性从句，位于句首，而被替代的真正主语后置。
常见的句型有下面几种：1) It's+名词/形容词+不定式。
例如：It is easy to do the job.It's his duty to settle the problem.2)It's +名词+动名词短语。
浅析高考中it的用法摘要：本文通过分析近几年的英语高考题，对it的句法功能分别从代词、it的特殊用法、及it在强调句中的用法等三个方面进行了分析，根据自己教学经验总结出了“假设法”“还原法”“句型对应法”等解题方法，且以高考试题为例进行解答示范，旨在形成对it一词的系统认识，让教师更好地把握it用法的高考动向，从而提高教学效益。
关键词：it；高考英语；代词；强调句；形式主语；形式宾语it，两个字母组成，在历年全国各省的英语高考题中，扮演着重要的角色.笔者分析了近几年的英语高考题（包括全国卷和各省市自主命题卷中对it的用法考查）发现在全国卷及各省的高考题中，it都是高考的热点.本文中，笔者根据多年的教学实践，归纳出了高中阶段it的句法功能，并以高考试题为例，给出关于it用法的解题思路。
一、it用作代词it用作代词，可以指代人或事物，用于表示时间、距离、自然现象等；也可指代前面所提到过的事物、群体、想法等；性别不明或性别不重要的人或物；未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况.由于在英语句子中，有时为了避免重复，可以用it、one、that等代替上文出现的名词或谈话内容，但 it、that、one三个代词的用法不一样，因此it作为代词与that、one的用法区别就成为了高考考查的热点.it特指并代替上文中提到的同名同物，即可代单数可数名词，又可以代不可数名词；that用来特指并代替前文出现的单数可数名词或不可数名词，相当于“the + n（单），the one或the+不可数名词，that的前面不能有前置定语，但其后可跟后置定语，其复数为those；one泛指并替代前面提到的同类事物中的一个，但不是同一个，即“同类异物”，相当于a/an+单数可数名词，既可以替代人，又可替代物，其复数为ones.it作为代词的用法常常是学生学习的难点，其实做此类题也是有思路可循的.笔者在教学实践中对此做了如下思路总结，分四步解题：step1.读懂句意； step2.找准需指代的内容；step3.弄清各个代词的具体作用；steep4.根据以上步骤进行精确选择.以下呈现部分高考试题，结合以上思路加以分析解答.例1【2002全国卷，35】 meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment， ___i will always treasure.a.thatb. onec. itd. whatstep1：该题的句意是：多年后，和我叔叔的见面真是一个令人难以忘记的时刻，我将永远珍惜这一刻；step2：找准指代内容：该题需一个代词指代an unforgettable moment ；step3：弄清每个选项的具体作用：that=the one ；one 则可为同位语，可做moment的同位语，表示的是一个难忘的时刻；it 应该指同类同物；而what没法在此处和an unforgettable moment 构成同位关系；step4：结合以上步骤，进行精确选择b.但此题易误选c.为了让学生对one和it的用法更加清晰，老师可以把该句改为：meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment，and i will always treasure it.（=the unforgettable moment ）通过这样的对比，学生的印象会更加深刻.例2【2009四川，3】i like this house with a garden in front，but i don’t have enough money to buy____.a. oneb. itc. thisd. thatstep1：弄清句意：我喜欢前面有一个美丽花园的房子，但我没有足够多的钱去把它买下来；step2：第一句中this house中表明在该语境同类同物的用法；step3：one指同类异物，it同类同物，this 指这个，近指；that=the one ；step4：根据前面的详解，所以选b.此题容易选one，要注意的是one表示泛指.二、it用于强调结构中it可用于强调结构中，用以强调句中的除定语或谓语以外的成分.强调句的基本句式是it is /was+被强调部分+that /who其他成分，强调人，且为句中主语时可用who及that做连接词.强调句的一般疑问句为is/was it +被强调部分+that/who+其他部分；特殊疑问句为：特殊疑问词+is/was it +that/who+其他部分。
谈it在高考试题中的应用it是高考大纲要求掌握的代词之一。
综合近几年来高考题分析，高考对it的考查主要集中于it强调结构及一些涉及时间的句型，it作形式主语或宾语及用于指代人或事物这四个方面。
下面结合高考题对it的用法作出分类和总结。
考点一：it用于指代人、事物及it用于习惯用法1.it用于指代人或事物it作为人称代词时用于表示时间、距离、天气、自然现象，也可用于指代人或事物，其中用于指代人或事物是高考考查的热点。
2.it常用于一些习惯用法中作某些动词的含糊宾语，构成习惯短语，很多时候并无实际意义。
考点二：it用于强调句中it可用于强调结构中，用以改变一个句子的结构，对句中的某些成分（不包括定语或谓语）加以强调。
强调句型的基本模式是it is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分。
强调人时可用who及that 作连接词。
强调事物及状语时只能用that作连接词。
强调句的一般疑问句只需把is/was提前。
而特殊疑问句还需在一般疑问句前加上疑问词。
有时还可以用it might be... that... it must have been... that...的句型来表示强调。
考点三：it用作形式主语或宾语1.it用作形式主语it可以用作形式主语，用以代替不定式、动名词或从句，使真正的主语放在句子的后部，免得句子显得头重脚轻。
常见的句型有：it be+形容词单词间空1个字母（obvious, true, natual, surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain probable, etc.）+that从句。
（2）it+be+名词词组（no wonder,an honor,a good thing,a pity,no surprise）+that从句。
例如：it is a pity that we can’t go.（3）it +be+过去分词（said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arrang ed,etc）+that从句。
It 用法与高考it是个非常简单的单词,但其用法却很灵活。
it可以作代词,也可以作引导词。
全国各地高考试卷和模拟试题，不难发现的it用法在英语基础知识部分考查的比较多，出现的频率也很高，学生也不是弄的非常清楚。
仔细研究不难发现，it的用法涉及到的考点不外乎以下几点：1．It作代词的用法（包括人称代词和非人称代词），而尤以后者出现的形式多。
2．作形式主语3．作形式宾语4．用在固定搭配中5．与强调句（此种结构考查的次数最多，应该引起我们平时备考的足够重视）现将其常见用法归纳如下：一、.it作人称代词1.it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复:Ningbo is a beautiful city, isn’t it?They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.[原题再现]I was disappointed with the film. I had expected ________ to be much better.A. thatB. thisC. oneD. it答案: D2.也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子):Is this your dog？No, it isn’t.3.也可指抽象事物:It was a great surprise to me when he did a thing like that．--I want to stay. ---Your father won't like it.二、.非人称代词itit有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等，称为非人称的it：1.指天气：It is a lovely day, isn’t it? It is a bit windy.2.指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came back.3.指环境: It was very quiet in the café.4.指距离：It is half an hour’s walk to the city centre.[原题再现] ________ from Beijing to London!A. How long way it isB. What a long way is itC. How long way is itD. What a long way it is答案: D5指日期：What's the date today? It's the eleventh, October.6指季节：It is summer now.7指度量：It is about 20 pound/kg8.指价值：--- What's the cost of the dictionary? ---It is sixty-three.9 温度：It's 35 centigrade now. So I feel hot.10. 用于代替指示代词this和that。
从高考题看“It” 用法与考点延伸摘要本文笔者从高考题讲述“It”的用法和考点，及其主要的句型。
关键词高考题用法考点一．It用法透析：1.It可用作人称代词，代替前文出现的事物，也可用以代替指示代词this和that。
2.It作非人称代词，表示时间、日期、地点、天气、温度、距离、环境等。
3. It 用作形式主语或宾语，代替不定式, 动名词或从句4. It 也可用在强调句型中，对谓语动词之外的成分加以强调。
常用句型为：“It is /was + 被强调成分+that (who/ whom)+句子其他成分”二．It 的考点延伸1. it /that /one 的区别(2010陕西卷12). The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than ____in any other area of the city.A. thatB. thisC. itD. one此题的正确答案为A. This为指示代词，指代下文即将提到的事物；That除作指示代词外，还可指代前面出现的同类名词，相当于the +名词；It指代“同类中的同一物”；One虽指同类但不是同一物体，表示“某一个”的含义。
2. It应用的强调句型与定语从句、状语从句或名词性从句混搭判断是否强调句型的方法是将强调结构去掉之后，如句子表述仍完整，则为强调句型，反之则不是。
(07山东)---Where did you get to know her?--- It was on the farm ____ we worked.A. thatB. thereC. whichD. where此题的正确答案为D。
这是一个省略句，完整表达应该为：It was on the farm ______ we worked that I got to know her。
分析句式应该为定语从句，farm在从句中充当的成分为地点状语，选择关系副词where。
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------it的用法与高考it 的用法与高考 it 是常见代词之一，它既可以指代时间、地点、天气、距离等，还能作形式主语或形式宾语，同时可以引起强调结构，是历年高考热点之一。
现结合高考试题对其用法作一介绍。
一、用来表示时间、天气、地点、距离、环境、形势等。
例如：It is two miles to the beach. (Oxford) 这里到海滨有两英里。
It was raining in the morning. (Oxford) 今天早晨下着雨。
If its convenient I can see you tomorrow. (Oxford) 如果方便，我明天能见你。
it 表示时间常用于句型：1、It is/has been＋一段时间＋since 从句。
意为自以来已有多长时间了或自不以来已有多长时间了。
例如：1）It has been many years since I was last in London (P. 136 SEFC Book 2B) 自从我上次到伦敦，已经有许多年了。
2）Its a long time since we met last. (P. 89 JEFC Book 3) 自从我们上次见面以来已经有很长一段时间了。
3）---What was the party like？ ---Wonderful！It’s years1 / 12______ I enjoyed myself so much．（NMET 93） A．after B．before C．when D．since (Key: D) 2、It is/ was/ will be + 一段时间 + before 从句。
高中英语高考it用法讲与练★1. 指代作用●(1)用作人称代词，代替前文或后文所提到的该动物，事情或东西(单数可数名词或不可数名词)。
1)This is a new minibus. I bought it last week.2)We saw a panda at the foot of the mountain yesterday. It was eating some fresh bamboo then.3) ----Where have you put the rice?----I put it in the cupboard two days ago, but it is gone.●(2)代替前面的整个句子。
1)Tom joined the air force last year. Do you know about it?2)When the factory shuts down, it will mean about 9000 workers losing their jobs.3)It is said that her aunt died of lung/liver cancer, but it isn’t true．◆It is said that her aunt died of lung/liver cancer, which isn’t true．(定语从句)4)Mrs. Green advised her husband strongly that he should stop smoking, but it didn’t help/work.◆Mrs. Green advised her husband strongly that he should stop smoking, which didn’t help/work.(定语从句)●(3)用以代替指示代词this或that。
IT的特殊用法及高考例句IT 作为代词的特殊用法IT 可以代替除人以外的一切生命物体，相当于“它”或“它们”。
例如：—Have you seen IT ? 你看见它了吗？—IT is a beautiful flower. 它是一朵漂亮的花。
高考例句：In my opinion，IT is unnecessary to buy a new car for me.（2010·山东）我寻思，对我来说买一辆新车是没必要的。
注意：当句子中提到了特定的性别时，仍使用相应的代词。
例如：—Who is the girl in red? 穿红衣服的女孩是谁？—She is my sister. 她是我妹妹。
IT 作为副词的特殊用法作为副词，IT 可以表示时间、地点等概念，相当于“以某种方式”或“在某个地方”。
例如：—When will you go to the airport? 你们什么时候去机场？—We will go IT on foot. 我们将步行去。
高考例句：She is used to living in IT ways.（2011·辽宁）她习惯于过这种生活。
IT 作为介词短语的特殊用法IT 作为介词短语可以表示时间、地点等概念，相当于“在……情况下”或“对于……来说”。
例如：—When will you finish your homework? 你什么时候完成你的作业？—In IT half an hour. 在半个小时内。
高考例句：In IT way，I think the blue shirt is more suitable for you.（2011·四川）我认为从某种程度上来说，那件蓝色衬衫更适合你。
8 o'clock. 在这个短语中，IT 指的是时间，相当于“在8点钟”。
例如：In IT early morning. 在凌晨一点多钟。
When we arrive at the airport at eight o'clock，the shops will still be open. 我们八点钟到机场时，商店还开着。
It的用法与高考题◇唐春梅It是近年来高考的热点之一。
它不仅可以指代时间（外研版高一P32：It’s been six years since we last saw each other.）、地点（外研版高一P2：It is the capital city of Hebei Province）、天气（外研版高一P32：—What’s the climate like? —Pretty hot and wet in the summer, but it canbe quite cold in the winter.）、距离（It is 80 kilometers away.）等，还可以作形式主语（外研版高一P19：It is interesting to look at differences between schools and in different countries.）和形式宾语（I find it very interesting to learn English.），同时还可以用于强调句结构（It isTom who is always late for school.）中。
下面结合高考试题来谈谈它的用法，希望能对同学们有所帮助。
一、考点聚焦：It的基本用法1、用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物或情况。
The train has arrived. It arrived half an hour ago.It is a cat outside the door.My mother bought a pen and it was made in Japan.You've helped me a lot; I will never forget it.典题：—There’s coffee and tea: you can have . ___.—Thanks. (NMET2003)A. eitherB. eachC. oneD. it本题考查代词的用法。
A、B、C三项均可作不定代词：either指二者中任何一个；each指两者或两者以上之中的每个人或每个物；one用来代替上文出现过的单数可数名词，泛指一个；D项it用作人称代词时，用来指代上文提过的某个事物。
前句叙述了有咖啡和茶,根据常理，只能是二者之中选一种，故答案为A2、用以代替提示代词this, that。
—What’s this? —It’s a knife.—Whose watch is that? —It’s mine.3、起指示代词的作用，指一个人或事物。
—Who is knocking at the door? —It’s me.Who is it? It's me.当说话者不清楚或没必要知道说话对象的性别时，也可用It来表示。
eg. It’s a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl?It用来指代团体。
eg. The committee has met and it has rejected（拒绝）the proposal（建议）.4、用来指时间、地点、天气、距离等。
例如:It is seven o'clock now. （指时间）It is cold today. （指天气）It was very noisy (quiet) at the very moment. （指环境情况）—What time is it? —It’s eight o’clock. （指时间）It often rains in summer here. （指季节）It is a long way to the school. （指距离）It is twenty miles from here to our school. （指距离）5、作形式主语。
为使句子平衡，it 常用来代替不定式、动名词短语或名词性从句，位于句首，而被替代的真正主语后置。
常见的句型有下面几种：It is as pity that you didn’t read the book.1) It is + 名词或形容词（+of / for sb.）+ to do sth.通常用 of的词有brave、clever、careful、hopeless、kind、good、naughty、nice、silly、stupid、foolish、wise等。
例如：It is easy to do the job.It's his duty to settle the problem.It is not easy to finish the work in two days.2)It's +名词+动名词短语。
例如：It's no use asking him.It's no good going there.It is no use crying over spilt milk.= It is of no use to cry over spilt milk= It is useless crying over spilt milk3) It+ is/was+过去分词+名词性从句常用于该句型的过去分词有: said, told, reported, known, suggested, hoped, expected等。
例如： It's said that he came from London.It's reported that the president will come to visit our school.It's not decided when we shall have our sports meet.4)It's +名词/形容词+名词性从句，但从句用虚拟语气：(should) do sth.能用于这个句型的形容词有strange、wonderful、natural、good、proper、right、wrong、well、fortunate、important、necessary、useless、likely、probable、impossible等。
有时可省去should而直接用动词原形。
如：It is important that we should pay close attention to grain.It is natural that he（should）say so.It's a pity that you can't go with them.It's certain that he will attend the meeting.It's no wonder why he was late.典题：1.________ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(NMET95) A. There B. This C. That D. It解析：答案为D。
本题考查作形式主语的用法。
that引导的从句是真正的主语。
为避免头重脚轻而平衡句子结构，将it置于句首作形式主语。
2._____is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(NMET1995)A. ThereB. ThisC. ThatD. It答案：D. it是形式主语，that从句作真正主语。
3.Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day? (NMET1989)A. thisB. thatC. itD. he答案：C. it是形式主语,to complete the design before National Day是真正的主语。
4.______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. ThereB. ThisC. ThatD.It(95)答案：D. it是形式主语，that从句作真正主语。
6、作形式宾语。
不定式、动名词短语或名词性从句作宾语时，如果后面带有宾语补足语，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语后面。
例如：He found it very difficult to stop smoking.The professor thinks it no good reading without understanding.I have made it clear that nobody is allowed to smoke here.I think it no use arguing with him.I found it very interesting to study English.He made it clear that he was not interested in that subject.典题：1.I hate____ when people talk with their mouths full. (NMET1998 )A. itB. thatC. theseD. them答案：A .it是代词作宾语，指代“people talk with their mouths full ”这件事。
2.I don’t think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A. thisB. thatC. itsD. it(91)答案：D. it是代词作宾语，指代“to master a foreign language without much memory work. ”。
7、it用以帮助改变句子结构，使句子的某一成分受到强调。
形成“It is (was) ＋所强调的成分(主语、宾语、状语)＋that(或who, whom)＋其它成分。
”在这个句型中，it本身没有意义。
例如：It was in Shanghai that I saw the film. (强调地点状语) 我是在上海看的这部电影。
It was Tom who met with her in Nanjing.It was at the gate that he told me the news.It was because Li Ping was ill that he didn't come to school last week.It was Xiao Ming whom(that)I met in the street last night.It was in the street that I met Xiao Ming last night.It was last night that I met Xiao Ming in the street.It was I who met Xiao Ming in the street last night.8、it 用于表示一般的笼统的情况。
