2019考研英语长难句解析(31)_毙考题

2019考研英语长难句解析(30)The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia, who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the Alien and Sedition Acts.译文：唯一一个主要反对意见来自安托南斯卡利亚大法官，他甚至为可追溯到《外国人法和煽动叛乱法》的州特权提供了更加强有力的辩护。

分析：本句的主干是objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia ，后面接了一个由关系代词who引导的非限定性定语从句对宾语进行解释说明。

在该定语从句中，who是主语，指代Justice Antonin Scalia，谓语是offered，宾语是an even more robust defense 。

of state privileges 是defense的后置定语，而现在分词短语going back to the Alien and Sedition Acts是state privileges的后置定语，相当于定语从句which go back to the Alien and Sedition Acts。

词汇指南objection [əb dʒekʃən](n.)反对,异议;不喜欢(CET-4)(2013年-阅读4)(ion-名词后缀)2个派生词：●objectivity [ ɔbdʒek tivəti](n.)客观,客观性(超纲词汇)(2012年-阅读3)(ity-名词后缀)●objectiveness(n.)客观性(超纲词汇)(2010年-阅读4)(ness-名词后缀)robust [rəu bʌst](adj.)强健的,强有力的;精力充沛的;结实的(超纲词汇)(2013年-阅读4)(ro=stronɡ-强壮的，bust=best-最好,最佳最强壮的即强健的,强有力的，引申为精力充沛的;结实的。

2019年考研英语长难句精选200句（31）More recently, while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-English-时间状语1 时间状语2 主语谓语speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards宾语从句despite the complexity of the building industry’s work.宾语从句译文：最近，研究人员在检查房屋建筑时发现，即使建筑业的工作很复杂，但在得克萨斯州的休斯敦市，那些不识字、不会说英语的墨西哥个人却始终能达到劳动生产率的标准。

分析：本句的主干部分是：…the researchers discovered that…。

动词discovered的宾语是由that引导的宾语从句，在该从句中illiterate, non-English- speaking Mexican workers是主语，in Houston, Texas做其后置定语，met是谓语动词，best-practice labor productivity standards为宾语，介词短语despite the complexity…做让步状语。

句首的“wh ile + 现在分词短语( examining housing construction)”结构做整个句子的时间状语。

To read such books today is to marvel at the fact thattheir learned contents were once deemed suitable主语系动词表语同位语从句for publication in general-circulation dailies。

考研英语真题长难句解析结构分析含译文The US ＄3-million Fundamental physics prize is indeed an interesting experiment, as Alexander Polyakov said when he accepted this year’s award in March.词汇突破:fundamental [ˌfʌndəˈment(ə)l]adj. 基本的，根本的n. 基本原理；基本原则结构分析:句子的主干是The US ＄3-million Fundamental physics prize is indeed an interesting experiment。

as Alexander Polyakov said when he accepted this year’s award in March 为非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的句子，其中when he accepted this year’s award in March 为时间状语从句。

3月，Alexander Polyakov在接受今年的奖项时说，300万美元的基础物理学奖确实是一个有趣的实验。

In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’efficiency.词汇突破:share [ʃeə(r)]v. 分享，共用；分配；有同样的感情（或经历）；分担n. 份，份额；股份；责任，贡献结构分析:本句的主干是allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers，In fact 为方式状语，by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’efficiency 为方式状语。

【导语】没有秋霜的锤打，没有秋风的锻铸，秋天的枫叶怎会周⾝红彻？愿你像这⽕红的枫叶，在⽣活的风霜中染成鲜红的颜⾊！以下是为⼤家整理的《2019考研英语语法：长难句例句解析【七篇】》供您查阅。

【篇⼀】 This practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home,and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s. 译⽂：他们为这种做法辩解，声称家⾥需要⼥性;于是，陪审团没有⼥性代表的状况持续了整个20世纪60年代。

分析：本句包含由and连接的两个并列句。

第⼀个分句中，主语为This practice，谓语为was justified，后接介宾结构by…解释justified的⽅式，其后接that引导的同位语从句，对claim的内容做进⼀步的说明。

第⼆个分句中，主语it指代前⼀个分句中的This practice，谓语为kept，宾语为juries，后接形容词短语unrepresentative…做宾语补⾜语，对juries的状态进⾏补充说明，最后的through…是时间状语，表⽰kept的时间背景。

【篇⼆】 Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination in jury selection as early as the 1880 case of Strauder v. West Virginia ,the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws. 译⽂：虽然美国法院早在1880年Strauder诉西弗吉尼亚州⼀案中就禁⽌了在陪审团遴选中出现蓄意的种族歧视，但挑选所谓的精英或⼀流陪审团的做法却为绕过这种规定及其他反歧视法律提供了便利。

2019考研英语阅读理解中长难句的分析(二)历年来考生们最重视的应该是阅读理解部分，往往阅读的好差直接影响我们最终的成绩。

阅读部分占考研英语总分值的40%，可谓成也阅读，败也阅读。

所以一般来说，考生会花费绝大部分的精力在阅读的解题当中。

当然如果我们能够掌握好的学习方法，阅读并没有那么难，早些开始复习尤其对英语基础较差的学生来说很重要。

那么我们最开始复习的时候是不提倡考生们直接做真题的。

历年真题阅读一般都是从一些期刊中摘抄出来的比如The New York Times, Newsweek, The economist. 所以建议广大考生平时多读这些刊物，来提升阅读。

下边为大家详细分析了这些书刊中的几个长难句。

This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one.单词：cognitive 认知的（后天习得的）intuitive 先天的coupled with意思和and一样，同样的表达还有along with，Combined with主干识别：句子的主语是this success和 later research；谓语是led;宾语是Ericson;不定式短语to conclude 作状语；主干结构是：this success and later research led Ericson to conclude that...句子解析：research 后边接了一个现在分词短语做后置定语，在这个现在分词短语中，that引导的从句做showing的宾语；再不定式短语中that引导的从句做conclude的宾语；more…than…,结构翻译成与其说…不如说…翻译：这种成功和后来表明记忆本身并不是先天决定的研究是爱立信总结道：记忆的行为与其说是一种先天的行为，不如说是一种习得的行为2 sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want词汇hear-scratching令人头疼的puzzlement困惑句子分析：主干句是：this project has turned out to be findings.sad to say插入语，遗憾地说，combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement 非谓语结构作定语（修饰findings), about what in the world those readers really want 介词短语，about+句子，句子是由what引导的宾语，in the world为状语。

2019考研《英语》长难句解析【五篇】导读：本文2019考研《英语》长难句解析【五篇】，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。

As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even know their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who resemble our kin.”译文：正如加州大学圣迭戈分校的医学遗传学教授詹姆斯·福勒所说的那样：“大多数人甚至根本不知道自己隔了好几重的远亲，但却总是莫名其妙地选择那些与自己亲戚相似的人做朋友。

”分析：本句是一个主从复合句。

句首是As 引导的方式状语从句;从句中，主语是James Fowler, 谓语是says,中间的professor…Diego是James Fowler的同位语，补充说明其身份。

之后的直接引语部分是主句。

其中，主语是Most people，转折连词but连接了两个并列谓语do not even know和manage，宾语分别是their fourth cousins 和不定式结构to select…kin。

这个不定式结构的自然语序实际上是to selectthe people who resemble ourkinas friends，因为select的宾语较长，所以把as friends移到前面了;关系代词who引导的定语从句修饰先行词the people 。

词汇指南select [sə'lekt](v.)挑选,选拔(adj.)挑选的,精选的(n.)被挑选出来的人(或物)(高考词汇)(2008年-阅读3、2012年-阅读1、2013年-完型、2015年-完型)(s-加强语气，elect-选举,推选→ 强调与“选举”如出一辙的表达——即“挑选,选拔”，引申为“挑选的,精选的”和“被挑选出来的人(或物)”。

目录⏹英中文转化过程中在句子层面的障碍 (1)⏹英语句子的分类： (2)一、定语 (2)二、同位语 (3)三、状语 (4)四、插入语 (5)⏹主从复合句语序障碍的解决： (6)✧定语从句语序障碍的解决： (6)✧同位语从句：（其他从句） (7)✧特别备注：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，状语从句 (8)考研英语句子的阅读实战分析法： (9)一.确定主干： (9)二.切分成分： (9)三.独立成句： (9)真题实战 (11)附录一：50个可接双宾语的高频动词 (18)附录二：接现在分词作宾补的20个常用动词 (20)2019版考研英语长难句解密讲义（配合考研英语长难句解密图书使用）（内部讲义翻印必究）主讲人：何凯文The future has arrived.It commences now.未来已来，始于现在英中文转化过程中在句子层面的障碍语义：词汇（语境）语序：The law is reason free from passion.英语句子转换为中文时没有语序障碍的情况:1.主+谓2.主+谓+宾3.主+谓+双宾4.主+谓+宾补5.主+系+表语例句：1.主谓结构(1)Kites rise.(2)Education pays.(3)The future has arrived.(4)It commences(now).【Sth commences./Sth commences with sth】Your success commences with your reason.(Kites rise highest against the wind-not with it.)2.主谓宾结构：(1)【(Sb commences sth)】The NHS commences the research.(2)Prosperity makes friends.Adversity tries them.3.主谓双宾语结构：The time offers us the opportunity.The time awards the innovative people the generous returns.The democratic society gives the speech freedom the widest latitude.(give sb sth/give sth sth)4.主谓宾宾补结构：The social media has left us vulnerable to the misleading information.（更多词见附录）The scientific plan prevents us making the detour.5.主系表结构：To divide people into good and bad is absurd.(It is absurd to divide people into good and bad.)People are either charming or tedious.One's first love is always perfect/until one meets one's second love.⏹英语句子的分类：句和句简单句的定义：简单句语序障碍的来源和解决：简单句的障碍来源：1. 2. 3. 4.✧简单句语序障碍的识别及处理方法一、定语作用和识别：修饰和限定名词的成分；名词前的叫前置定语；名词后的叫后置定语；前置定语：识别：1.形容词 2.现在分词 3.过去分词 4.代词 5.名词例子1）Fat pay rise2）Luxury goods/luxurious goods3）Common ancestor/common dream4）the underlying assumption5）small but vocal local group6）the sound advice/the sound understanding7）separate but adjoining chamber8）legislative initiative9)conservation measures10)two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches11)uplifting motives12）gay marriage/gay genius处理：形容词+名词=名词短语后置定语：形容词短语those unaware of the disaster现在分词短语Otoman fighting with xiaoguaisou过去分词短a picture painted by Picasson.+不定式短语the right to die介词短语the link between dreams and emotions例子：He successfully fought a lawsuit involving a football player who wasparalyzed in a game.处理：(1)(2)1.介词短语：【介词+名词】A reputation for slacking the value of goods and servicesthe presence of grapes the presence of mobile phonethe presence of telescope the sense of fairnessproducts of high quality the book of value2.不定式短语：【to do+名词/to do/】the right to define physical beauty.3.形容词短语：【形容词+介词+名词/形容词+to do】the question hard to answer;4.现在分词短语：the website promoting extreme dieting5.过去分词短语：the research carried by the expert panel二、同位语定义和作用：补充说明名词或者句子（增加语言的多样性。

历年考研英语试题长难句分析（2019英语二）大家还一定要多做梳理，查漏补缺，放眼全局，把复习过以及没复习到的地方梳理一遍，下面传媒研考小编整理了复习资料，希望可以帮助到大家!首先，我们选取以下的长难句翻译试题：Like the majority of authors, he had to suffer many disappointments and rejections along the way, but these made him all the more determined to succeed.其次，我们来找非常明确的方法论来处理这个句子。

同学们之前或多或少应该都有所体会，在长难句翻译这里，有一个较为成体系的解题方法：第一步要划分结构，第二步要分析语法，第三步要调整翻译语序再逐字翻译。

如何划分结构?有一些标志来帮助大家：第一种，标点符号如分号、冒号、句号和逗号(分隔较长成分);第二种，连词如并列连词and、but等，以及从属连词如that、what、who 等;第三种，on、in、with等介词短语。

那来实际应用一下。

同学们，我们从前往后看这个句子，在authors这里就出现了第一个标点符号——逗号，此时逗号前的成分较长，我们可以在这里划开一个结构。

继续往下面看，下一个明显的划分标志是and，但此时and并列的两个结构较短，所以没有划分开来的必要。

再下来的明显的划分标志仍然是一个逗号，可以在这划开，但是同学们也可以注意到，逗号后面出现了一个从属连词but，又是一个明显的划分标志，所以在这里划开没有什么问题。

到此，句子结构划分完毕，呈现以下效果：A. Like the majority of authors, //B. he had to suffer many disappointments and rejections along the way, //C. but these made him all the more determined to succeed.再来按照结构分析一下语法知识。

2019 考研英语阅读真题中长难句解析（19 ）2018 考研英语阅读真题中长难句解析（19）(1999 年真题Section III Reading ComprehensionText3 第 3 段第4句)Besides, this is unlikely to produce the needed numberof every kind of professional in a country as large as oursand where the economy is spread over so many states andinvolves so many international corporations.译文：但是不可能准确地培养出所需数量的各种专业人员，特别是像我们这么大的一个国家，有这么多的州，涉及到如此多的跨公司。

分析：这里的主语this指的是前面所说的professionaltraining，后面不定式短语中动词produce 的宾语是 professional，前面的成分是修饰这个词的短语，接着是他点状语，其中country带了两个修饰成分，前一个是形容词词性的短语as large as ours，后一个是 where 引导的定语从句，这个从句的主语the economy 有两个谓语动词： is 和 involves ，后面都用了相似的结构 so many，表示强调。

【词汇指南】beside [bi'said](prep.)在旁边(中考词汇)(be-使，side-边、旁边→使其位于一旁——即“在旁边”。

)1个派生词：●besides [bi'saidz](adv.)此外,加之(prep.)在之外,除之外 ( 中考词汇 )(2009 年- 阅读 3)(beside- 在旁边， s- 副词后缀→附在旁边、另加的——即“此外 , 加之”，引申出“在之外 , 除之外”。

英语长难句结构分析（含2019年高考全国Ⅰ-Ⅲ卷长难句）英语长难句分析历年高考真题五种基本句式英语中句子最基本的句式只有五种，其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式转换而来。

五种基本句式如下：1. 主语＋谓语(不及物动词)2. 主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语3. 主语＋系动词＋表语4. 主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语5. 主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语此外还有特殊句式如therebe-, 强调句，倒装句等。

但是在真实的语言环境中，句子结构远非这么简单。

复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂介词短语，还有各种复杂的定语和状语等修饰成分让句子变得异常复杂。

高考阅读理解、完型填空和语法填空经常出现结构复杂的长难句，影响考生对语篇文段的理解。

另外，新高考将包括两个写作题：读后续写(概要写作)和应用文写作。

在评分标准中把“尽力使用较复杂语法结构”视为是否得高分的标准之一。

因此，学会分析长难句显得格外重要。

一、复杂主语包括下列情形：含有连词如and,both...and..., either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but (also), as wellas；非谓语动词做主语；主语从句充当主语；同位语结构做主语等。

如：Those who werehighest in status in high school, as well as those least liked inelementary school, are “most likely toengage (从事) in da ngerous and risky behavior.”(2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解D) (as well as 连接those who...与those least liked ...做主语)The gunners liketo describe what they do as character-building, but we know that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony(痛苦) of dying can make nobody happy. (动词不定式to do结构做主语)Connecting to the community（社区）as youfreely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. (2019高考全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B) (-ing形式做主语)Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deeprelationships wouldn't even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation.(2018全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解D) (-ing形式做主语)What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. (2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解B) (主语从句充当主语) Shackleton,a onetimeBritish merchant-navy officer who hadgot to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business...(2016全国甲卷阅读理解D) (同位语结构做主语)二、主谓之间被介词短语、定语从句或非谓语动词分隔Mr. Robbins, together with his wife andchildren, is leavingLondon for Paris.Somepeople think that the great Chinesescholar Confucius,who livedfrom roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced thedevelopment of chopsticks.( 2016全国丙卷语法填空)Frank Hurley, aconfident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic,was hired to makethe images, most of which have never before been published.(2016全国新课标甲卷阅读理解D)According to the report's key findings, “theproportion(比例)who saythey ‘never’ or ‘hardly ever’ read for fun hasgone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectivelytoday.”(2018全国卷Ⅱ阅读C)Thewoman sitting at the desk, seeing my madness, sympathetically jumped up. (2016全国甲卷完形填空)三、复杂表语包括非谓语动词、表语从句等。