高中英语：特殊句式语法总结

特殊句式一、倒装1.完全倒装谓语动词完全放在主语之前a.表示方位或方式的副词或介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时b.Such置于句首时2.部分倒装只把谓语的一部分（多为助动词或情态动词）置于主语之前a.only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首（注：only修饰主语时，句子不可倒装）b.否定词及表否定意义的介词短语等置于句首时六个重要的固定句型c.…so + be/助动词/情态动词+主语“…也是如此d.…neither(或nor) + be/助动词/情态动词+主语，“…也不这样”e.So + adj./adv….that…“如此…以至于…”f.Neither…, nor…，“…不…，…也不…”g.Not only…,but also…“不仅…而且…”h.Not until… “直到…才…”3.形式倒装形式上的倒装在语法上称为前置。

它的特点是只把强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不倒装。

a.感叹句对名词（或中心词是名词）感叹时，用what引导；对形容词或副词感叹时，用how引导。

b.the more…,the more…句型c.whatever…/hower…引导的让步状语从句d.as, though引导让步状语从句时采用倒装形式的情况①表语的倒装②谓语动词的倒装③状语的倒装二、强调1.强调句型a.it is/was + 被强调的部分+ that/who + 句子剩余成分所强调的可以是单词，短语，也可以是从句，但结构必须完整。

被强调的成份可以是主语宾语和状语，但不能是定语或谓语。

b.一般疑问句的强调句型：is/was it + 被强调成分+ that/who + 其他成分c.特殊疑问句的强调句型：特殊疑问词+ is/was + it + that + 其他成分d.有时可用it might be…that…, it must have been…that…句型表示强调e.Not…until句型的强调句f.强调句型中的it与作形式主语的it可根据能否恢复原句来判断g.强调句型it is /was…that…; it is/was + 时间+ when/before从句; it is + 时间+since从句；it was not long…before…等句型的区别2.对谓语动词的强调It is/was …that…结构不能强调谓语动词，如果需要强调谓语动词，用助动词do, did 或does.三、反义疑问句1.陈述部分含有must的反义疑问句当must作“必须”讲时，其反义疑问部分用needn’t；当含有mustn’t 时，其反义疑问部分用must/may当must/may（might）表示推测，即must作“一定，准是”讲，may/might作“可能”讲时，可首先将句子改为“I am sure/guess that从句”，反义疑问部分的动词形式根据be sure/guess后的宾语从句的谓语动词形式确定。

知识要点（三）：特殊句式（倒装句，强调句，省略句）一.倒装句：1.完全倒装：时间,地点或者副词提前时，采用完全倒装。

(由本来的123语序变成321)Your turn comes now. —— Now comes your turn.The bus comes here. —— Here comes the bus.The boy rushed out. —— Out rushed the boy.*主语若为代词时，不参与倒装，语序为312：Out he rushed.2. 部分倒装（考试重点）：即采用一般疑问句的语序。

1)否定词提前：never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere,not only等。

He seldom goes out for dinner. ________________________________________________. He had no sooner gone to bed than his parents returned. ____________________________. *not…until…的倒装与上述略有不同：Not until+剩余部分+倒装句。

He didn’t tell me about that until I asked him to. ____________________________________.2)only+状语提前：We can solve the problem only in this way. ________________________________________.3) so+形／副提前：The weather was so hot that we had to stay at home. ________________________________. * so + be／助／情 +主：表示前面所说的肯定情况同样也适用于后者：You are young and _______________________ I.You like music and _______________________ I.If you can do it, __________________________ I.* 若前面用的是否定句，则用neither／nor来代替 soI don’t like sports and ______________________ she.* so + 主+ be／助／情：表示赞同某人说的，意思是“你说的没错。

英语特殊句式知识点总结1. Conditional SentencesConditional sentences are used to express a hypothetical situation and its potential outcome. There are four main types of conditional sentences in English, each with its own structure and usage.Zero Conditional: Used to express general truths or facts.Structure: If + present simple, present simpleExample: If you heat ice, it melts.First Conditional: Used to talk about possible future events and their likely outcomes. Structure: If + present simple, will + base formExample: If it rains, I will take an umbrella.Second Conditional: Used to talk about hypothetical or unlikely situations and their potential outcomes.Structure: If + past simple, would + base formExample: If I won the lottery, I would travel the world.Third Conditional: Used to talk about imaginary situations and their unrealized outcomes in the past.Structure: If + past perfect, would have + past participleExample: If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.2. Relative ClausesRelative clauses are used to provide additional information about a noun in a sentence. They are introduced by relative pronouns such as "who," "whom," "whose," "which," and "that." Relative clauses can be restrictive (essential to the understanding of the sentence) or non-restrictive (providing additional, non-essential information).Restrictive Relative Clause: Provides essential information about the noun and cannot be omitted without changing the meaning of the sentence.Example: The book that is on the table is mine.Non-Restrictive Relative Clause: Provides additional, non-essential information about the noun and is set off by commas.Example: My sister, who lives in New York, is a lawyer.3. Passive VoiceThe passive voice is used to emphasize the action performed on the subject rather than the subject performing the action. It is formed with the auxiliary verb "to be" followed by the past participle of the main verb.Structure: Subject + to be + past participle (by + agent)Example: The cake was baked by my mom.4. InversionInversion is a special sentence structure in which the usual order of subject and verb is reversed to emphasize an element in the sentence or to add variety to the writing. Subject-Verb Inversion: Used to emphasize the subject or to create a more formal tone. Example: Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.Conditional Inversion: Used to create a more formal or poetic tone in conditional sentences. Example: Were I rich, I would buy a house by the beach.5. Cleft SentencesCleft sentences are used to emphasize a particular part of the sentence by placing it in a separate clause.It-cleft: Used to emphasize a particular element in the sentence.Structure: It + to be + emphasis + that/who/which + rest of the sentenceExample: It was the pizza that I enjoyed the most.Wh-cleft: Used to emphasize a particular element in the sentence using a wh-word. Structure: Wh-word + to be + emphasis + that/who/which + rest of the sentence Example: What she needs is a little encouragement.6. Emphatic StructureEmphatic structures are used to emphasize particular elements in the sentence by using auxiliary verbs or do-support.Do-Support Emphasis: Used to emphasize the main verb in the sentence.Example: I do love ice cream.Auxiliary Verb Emphasis: Used to emphasize the main verb by adding an auxiliary verb.Example: I can swim.7. Exclamatory SentencesExclamatory sentences are used to express strong emotions or feelings. They are characterized by the use of an exclamation mark and often begin with "What" or "How." What-a/How-a Clauses: Used to express surprise or admiration.Example: What a beautiful flower!How-adj Clauses: Used to express strong emotions.Example: How delicious the food is!In conclusion, understanding and using special sentence structures in English can enhance communication and add depth to the language. From conditional sentences to relative clauses, the passive voice, inversion, cleft sentences, emphatic structures, and exclamatory sentences, these special structures allow speakers and writers to convey meaning in a more nuanced and engaging manner. By mastering these structures, one can effectively express complex ideas and emotions while adding variety and depth to their language use.。

高中英语语法专攻-《特殊句式》【考点1-感叹句】1.What a(n)+adj.+单数名词+主语+谓语!What an interesting story it is!多么有趣的故事啊!What a happy day it is!多么快乐的一天啊!2.What+形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语!What beautiful butterflies they are!多么漂亮的蝴蝶啊!3.How+形容词+a(n)+单数名词+主语+谓语!How tall a boy he is!这个男孩真高啊!4.How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!How well she plays!她演奏得多好啊!【考点2-祈使句】1.祈使句+and+简单句表示“如果……就……”Do that again and I’ll call a policeman.你再那样做我就要叫警察了。

2.祈使句+or+简单句表示“……否则……”Put it down,or I’ll smack you.把它放下来,不然我会揍你。

注意:有时名词短语可以看作是祈使句。

A few more minutes and I will finish the work.再给我几分钟我就会完成这项工作。

【考点3-反义疑问句】1.当陈述部分带有宾语从句时,反意疑问部分的主语与谓语常和主句保持一致。

He said that they would come to my birthday party,didn’t he?他说他们要来参加我的生日聚会,是吗?2.当陈述部分主句的谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,guess,expect,imagine,且主句主语为第一人称时,反意疑问部分的主语和谓语与宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致;当陈述部分主句的主语为第二、三人称时,后面的疑问部分的主语和谓语与主句的主语和谓语保持一致。

They don’t believe he will succeed,do they?他们不相信他会成功,是吗?3.当陈述部分带有seldom,hardly,scarcely,never,few,little,nothing,nobody等否定词时,反意疑问部分用肯定形式。

语法复习专题10 特殊句式--- 倒装、强调、省略、感叹、反意及祈使句热点考向一倒装句1. 完全倒装(1) There be＋主语＋...，此结构中的be有时用stand/exist/lie/live/flow/seem等不及物动词代替。

There seems to be something wrong with the machine.(2) Here/There/Now/Then/Thus＋不及物动词＋名词There goes the bell.Let's go into the lecture hall.Be quick！Here comes the bus.(3) Out/In/Up/Down/Away/Off/Back/Over＋不及物动词＋名词Out rushed the children. Away flew the birds.比较：Away they hurried.(4) 介词短语(表地点)＋不及物动词＋主语On the wall hang two large portraits.At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful village.(5) 表语＋连系动词＋主语(表语可以是：形容词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词)Present at the meeting were Professor White，Professor Smith and many other guests.Gone are the days when women were looked down upon.Seated in the first line are some advanced workers.(6) Such＋be＋主语Such are the facts；no one can deny them.Such is Yiyangqianxi, a young handsome singer popular with Chinese teenagers.2. 部分倒装(1) 用于以so，nor，neither开头的句子，表示重复前句的部分内容，须部分倒装，且此句的谓语应与前句的谓语在时态/形式上一致，但“so＋主语＋do”结构则表示对别人所说的情况加以肯定，它的主语与上文的主语相同，so相当于indeed，certainly。

高考英语特殊句型1.It’s ( is / has been ) two years since he left China.2.It’s ( is ) the first time that I have visited Shanghai.3.have / has been to…曾经到过某地have / has gone to …去了某地4.无主语的固定句式:1) It must be pointed out that …必须指出2) It is reported that …据报道3) It is believed that …大家相信4) It has been decided that …经决定5) It is thought that …大家认为6) It is take for granted that …被视为当然的7) It’s said that …据说8) It is known that …众所周知5.Where there is a will, there’s a way.6.表示倍数的句型:1) 倍数 + as…as2) 倍数 + -er + than3) 倍数 + the size ( length; depth… ) of the + n.7.定语从句句型:1) One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.2) Anyone who fails to finish the task given should be criticized.3) Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.4) As everybody knows , Taiwan belongs to China./ Taiwan belongs to China, as everybody knows.5) one of + 复数名词 + 关系代词 + 动词复数; the ( only ) one of + 复数名词 + 关系代词 + 动词单数;egs.Titanic is one of the most wonderful movies that have been produced in Hollywood.Titanic is the ( only ) one of the most wonderful movies that has been produced in Hollywood.8.主语从句句型:1) It’s true that the earth is round./ That the earth is round is true.2) Whether he will come ( or not ) hasn’t been decided.3) Whoever leaves the office should tell me./ Anyone who leaves the office should tell me.表语从句句型:1) China is no longer what she used to be.2) What I wonder is who will be our team leader soon.9.宾语从句句型:1) We think it (is) quite right that all the people ought to obey the laws.2) that 引导的从句:I could say nothing but I was sorry.He differed from other people in that he always looked father ahead in his work.Your composition is quite good except that there are some spelling mistakes.3) 某些形容词后跟宾语从句:I’m sure that he will win./ I’m not sure whether / if the news is true ( or not ).I’m afraid that I’ll be late.He is glad that you passed the exam.4) I don’t think you are right, are you?I think he is right, isn’t he?I doubt whether / if …我怀疑……是否……I don’t doubt that…我毫不怀疑……There’s no doubt that…Without doubt, …Undoubtedly, …10.比较级句型:1) 比较级+ than any other + 单数名词 eg.He is better than any other student in the class.2) 比较级+ and + 比较级 eg.The earth is getting warmer and warmer.3) 越…就越…: the + 比较级…, the + 比较级…Egs.The more a man knows, the more he discovers.The more works of his he read, the more freely he will understand his works.The busier he is, the happier he feels.11.祈使句 + ( , ) + and / or …e your head, and you’ll find a way.Hurry up, or you’ll miss the b us.12.It was not long before I forgot it all.13.need / want / require + to be done / doing14.It 句型: It is easy ( difficult hard important right wrong possible ) to do…It is a pleasure ( pity, pleasant thing, crime, an hour…) to do sth.It takes ( sb.) some time to do sth.15.do nothing but do ; have no choice but to do16.非谓语动词句型:1) To be fair, it is not all his fault.2) Generally speaking, Super girls are popular with the middle school students.3) Judging from his wearing, he must be an artist.4) According to his report, the situation is getting serious.5) There is / are ( I / we ) + ( some ) trouble, problem, fun, pleasure, a good time,a hard time ( in ) + doing sth.6) There’s no harm, hurry, need, use ( in ) + doing sth.7) I suggested my staying here./ I suggested ( that ) he ( should ) start as soon as possible./ His expression suggested he got angry.8) make oneself done ;9) have / get sth.do / done ;10) leave / keep / have sb do / doing ;11) find sth doing / done ; find sb.doing不定式句型：1.It’s easy… for sb.to do…2.It’s clever… of sb.to do …3.It’s a pity… to do…4.It takes sb.some time to do…5.consider doing 考虑做 consider sth./ sb.to do 认为remember doing 记得做过 remember to do 记得去做forget doing 忘记做过 forget to do 忘记去做regret doing 后悔做了 regret to do 遗憾地去做mean doing 意味着做 mean to do 计划, 打算做stop doing 停止做 stop to do 停止去做try doing 试着做 try to do 尽最大努力做go on doing 继续做 go on to do 继续做另一件事used to do sth./ would do sth 过去曾经做 get / be used doing 习惯于做can’t help doing 忍不住做 can’t help to do 不能帮忙做6.advise, allow, permit, forbid sb.to do / Sb.be ~ed to do…advise, allow, permit, forbid doingpromise to do sth./ promise sb.to do sth.7.hope to do / expect sb.to do8.I want something to read./ I want read something.9.宁愿…而不愿… prefer + n.+ to + n.prefer doing + to ( 介 ) + doingprefer to do sth.rather than ( to ) do sth.would /had rather ( sooner ) + do sth.+ than + do sth.would rather ( not ) do sth.宁愿做would rather sb.did 要做 ( 虚 )10.seem, appear, prove to do / to be doing / to have done11.happen to do， happen to sb.12.consider, believe, feel, make, find, know, regard it … to do13.We want to watch TV instead of （而不是）do our homework.instead of doing14.最好做… had better/had best + ( not ) do sth.15.Although there are many difficulties, we are still determined to carry out the task.Despite many difficulties, we are still determined to carry out the task.16.不定式做定语:He is looking for a room to live in.Please pass me some paper to write on.He has no money and no place to live./ I think the best way to travel is on foot.There is no time to think./ You are the first ( person ) to come.I want something to read.17.The boy has his own idea of how to finish it.18.He is easy to deal with./ You are lucky to get there on time.19.In order to / to so as to find a good job, we should study well.20.too…to / enough to doHe is too young to go to school./ He is old enough to go to school.21.独立成分: To tell you the truth, … ( 句子 )To be fair, … ( 句子 ) / To be frank, … ( 句子 )To be sure, … ( 句子 ) / To make matters worse, … ( 句子 )22.感官性动词不定式省略 to , 但在被动语态中要加to .feel, hear, listen to, watch, look at, make, sb.do…Sb.be ~ed to do23.be to do / be about to do / be going to do24.had better / best ( not ) do25.不得不: cannot but do / cannot choose but do / cannot help but do26.do nothing ( = not do anything ) but / except do27.go / come + do egs.Please come sit here./ Go ask you mum.28.Why not do? ( Why don’t you do ? )29.There’s no time to do动名词句型：0．I have / There is / are ( some ) trouble, difficulty, problem, fun, pleasure, a good time, a hard time ( in ) doing / with sth.1.There is no harm, hurry, need, use, good ( in ) doing sth.2.Sb.spend some time ( in ) doing / on sth.3.It is ( of ) no use, good, useless doing …4.Sth.want / need / require doing / to be done …5.be busy ( in ) doing sth./ be worth ( in ) doing sth.be worthy of being done / be worthy to be done-ing 形式的时态、语态和否定egs.Thank you for having helped me so much.I don’t remember having received his letter.= I don’t remember receiving h is letter.He went out without being noticed./ He insisted on not being sent to the hospital.30.虚拟语气句型:a) I wish I did / had done / would ( could ) do…b) Lest + 主语should + V.（原形）they got up early lest they should miss the rain.31.强调句句型:a) It’s …( 被强调内容 ) that…；（陈述句，强调物）It’s …( 被强调内容 ) that ／who …( 强调人 )b) Is / Was it … that…? ( 一般疑问句 ) ；Wh- is /was that…？( 特殊疑问句 )c) It’s not until + 被强调内容 + that…d) It is the place where-cl（强调定语从句）e) It’s because-cl （强调状语从句） that…32.倒装句句型:a) Only + 状语（词 / 短语 / 从句）+ 助动词/be + 主语i.Only in this way can we work out the problem.ii.Only here can we step in.iii.Only when he comes back , could we start eating.b) Only + 主语（不倒装）：Only you can go with me.c) Were / Should / Had + 主语 + … + “ , ” + 主句 = If + 主语 + were / should / had…;d) Not until all the people get on it will the bus go.e) as 句型：Young as he is, he knows a lot of things.King as he is, but he is unhappy.f) 一．．．就．．．hardly …when…; scarcely…when…; no sooner…than… Hardly did he see me when he ran away.33.省略句句型:a) If necessary / possible…, the boss will go by himself.b) When in trouble, he always asked me for help.c) Though surrounded , the solders didn’t give up.。

高中英语语法复习之特殊句式无需改动。

4.否定副词或短语位于句首时，句子需全部倒装。

Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.Not only did he fail the exam。

but he also lost his scholarship.5.表示条件的副词或短语位于句首时，句子需全部倒装。

Had I known the truth。

I XXX.二、部分倒装1.在祈使句中，助动词do/does/did可省略，但要保留原来的动词原形，主语需放在动词前。

Take your XXX。

please。

→ Do take your medicine。

please.2.在表示感叹的句子中，常用what/ how/so/ such引导句子，需将助动词、情态动词、be动词放在主语之前。

What a beautiful day it is!How kind of you to help me!So great was XXX.Such was the noise that we couldn't concentrate.C.强调句强调句是指在句子中通过特殊的语法结构来强调某一成分，使其更加突出。

1.强调句的结构：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他成分。

It was Tom who won the first prize.It XXX.2.强调句中被强调部分的形式：可以是名词、代词、形容词、副词、动词、介词短语等。

It was the best movie I have ever seen.It is only with hard work that you can achieve success.3.强调句的注意事项：强调句中的被强调部分通常放在句首或句末。

强调句中的谓语动词要与其主语保持一致。

强调句中的that/who可以省略，但要注意谓语动词的变化。

高中英语语法：特殊句式最常见到的四种特殊句式：全部倒装、部分倒装、省略句和反意疑问句。

1 全部倒装1. There be句型：可以用在这类句型中的动词除be外，还可用live，exist，remain，stand等作谓语。

例如：(1) There are many students in the classroom.(2) Long long ago, there lived a king who loved horses very much.2. 用于“here（there，now，then）+不及物动词+主语”的句型中，或以out，in，up，down，away等副词开头的句子里，以表示强调。

例如：Here comes the bus.Out went the children.3. 由then引起，谓语为come，follow的句子。

例如：(1) Then came a new difficulty.(2) Then followed eight years of the Anti-Japanese War.4. 当句首状语为表示地点的介词短语时，也常常引起全部倒装。

例如：In the middle of our school stands a high building.5. 表语放在句首时，倒装结构为“表语+系动词+主语”。

表语常为形容词、过去分词和介词短语。

例如：(1) Gone are the days when they would do what they liked.(2) Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.2 部分倒装1. only+副词/介词短语/状语从句置于句首。

例如：Only then did I realize the importance of English.注意：①在only+状语从句+主句结构中，主句用倒装结构但从句用正常语序。

高考英语必备特殊句式大全（附高考英语常用词汇）高考英语必备——特殊句式（一）感叹句一、特殊句式全家福特殊句式这个大的考察方向，近几年，考察不多。

主要涉及到以下的考点。

一、感叹句（语法填空中考察，简单）二、强调结构（语法填空，书面表达中考察，简单）三、倒装句（语法填空，书面表达中考察，中等）四、省略句（基本能力，直接考察不多）五、祈使句（语法填空中考察某些结构）六、反义疑问句（直接考察不多）七、否定句（注意否定转移的现象，直接考察不多）二、感叹句四大结构记牢①What＋a/an＋adj.＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语(系动词)!②What＋adj.＋复数或不可数名词＋主语＋谓语(系动词)!③How＋adj.＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语(系动词)!④How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语(系动词)!例如：①What a good boy you are!②What good boys they are!③How good a boy you are!④How good you are!此考点看似比较简单，实际上，与从句题放在一起考时，有一定难度。

【例如】①I know ______ good he is.②I know ______ he did isgood.在①中，答案为how，how good he is 是一个how 引导的感叹句；在②中，答案为what，what he did is good 是一个what引导的宾语从句问题来了，如何区分how，what引导的是感叹句还是从句呢？【答案】四个字，句！子！结！构！如宾语或者主语，或者表语；how引导的，其后是一个符合五大基本结构完整的句子。

【经典考察】（1）（2015年新课标卷Ⅱ）As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly ______(70) thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.【答案】how；how thick the adobe needed to be符合④How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语(系动词)!结构，故填how；（2）（2021年河南省天一联考）I recently spent a day in Hangzhou to see ______(65) easy it was to go cashless, and I found it somewhat ahead of other cities , including Beijing. I rode buses and subways, which all accept Alipay.【答案】how；how easy it is符合④How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语(系动词)! 结构，故填how；此外，初中的恶人搭配要记牢！how long；how soon；how far；how often；how many；how much【例】how long did he stay here？他在这里呆了多久How long is the river？这条河有多长？How often does he come here？他多久来这里一次？How soon will he be back？他多久之后会回来？How far is it from here to there？从这里到那里有多远。