RA20H8994M中文资料

Negative Value Display (Example: –18°C)Indicates that the temperatureis below 0°C.The E5C4 does not have a parameter display any tempera-ture below 0°C. Therefore, the accuracy of any tempera-ture below 0° displayed by the E5C4 cannot be guaranteed.Overflow DisplayThe following will be displayed if the sensor burnout detection circuit operates or the process value exceeds the temperature range that has been preset.(Except models with a set temperature range from 032°F to 7990°C to 999or 32°F to 99932°F to 799°F32°F to 199°FOperation IndicatorIndicator OutputRed189+1 0237+1 0285+148 x 4844.8 x 44.8Dimensions with Flush-mounting Adapter (Accessory),and Back Connecting Socket (Sold Separately)Panel CutoutFlush-mounting adapterPanelY92F-30 Flush-mounting adapterP3G-08 Backconnecting socketTightening screw (96) (see note)Note:109 mm for US08 Back Connecting Socket60 min.60 min.Side-by-side Mounting of N ControllersN 456LNote:1.Recommended panel thickness is 1 to 4 mm.2.Close side-by-side mounting is possible (in a single direction).Accessories (Order Separately)P2CF-08 Front Connecting SocketTerminal Arrangement/Internal Connections (Top View)Mounting Holes70 max.Eight, M3.5 x 7.5 semsTwo,4.5-dia.holesTwo, 4.5 dia. or Two, M450 max.20 max.Note:Can also be mounted to a DIN track.InstallationConnectionsInputConnect a thermocouple or platinum resistance thermometer to the E5C4 as shown in the following illustration.Thermocouple inputPlatinum resistance thermometer inputVoltage output (Terminal 6 is an NC terminal)Relay outputSupply voltage 100/110, 200/220,110/120, 220/240 VAC,50/60 HzOutputIf the load circuit is a heating control system, be sure to connect the load to terminals 4 and 5. If the load circuit is a cooling control sys-tem, be sure to connect the load to terminals 4 and 6. If the heating control system is connected to terminals 4 and 6 or the cooling con-trol system is connected to terminals 4 and 5, the temperature of the heating control system or cooling control system will be abnormal and a serious accident may result.If the E5C4 is in frequent operation, such as proportional operation,add an appropriate external relay to the E5C4 by considering the ca-pacity of the load and the life of the relay.Do not ground the output of any E5C4 that has voltage output, other-wise the process temperature may not be accurate.Power SupplyIf a single power supply is used for the E5C4 and the load, the supply voltage of the power supply may vary greatly when the load is open or closed if the capacity of the power supply is not large enough.Make sure that the capacity of the power supply is large enough so that the supply voltage range will be always from 90% to 110% of the rated supply voltage.The E5C4 operates at either 50 or 60 Hz.PanelHook P2CF-08Flush MountingInsert E5C4 into the square hole of the panel and insert an adapter from the back so that there will be no space between E5C4 and the panel. Then, secure the E5C4 with a screw.Tightening screwThe P3G-08 can be wired in the same way as the P2CF-08.Temperature SettingThe leftmost digit of any E5C4 that has a set temperature rangeC to 399°C will increase by 1 within a range of 0 to 3 each time the push button for the leftmost digit is pressed. The leftmost digit indicating 3 will change to 0 when the push button is pressed. Do not remove the housing of the E5C4, otherwise the housing mayTo clean the surface of the E5C4, use a soft cloth wet with neutral detergent or alcohol. Do not use any organic solvent, such as paint thinner or benzine, strong acid or strong alkali to clean the surface of the E5C4, otherwise the surface of the E5C4 will become damaged.。

哈氏合金(Hastelloy alloy)一、引言哈氏合金是镍基合金的一种，目前主要分为B、C、G三个系列，它主要用于铁基Cr-Ni或Cr-Ni-Mo不锈钢、非金属材料等无法使用的强腐蚀性介质场所，在国外已广泛应用于石油、化工、环保等诸多领域。

其牌号和典型使用场所如下表所示。

为改善哈氏合金的耐蚀性能和冷、热加工性能，哈氏合金先后进行了三次重大改进，其开展过程如下：B系列：B →B-2(00Ni70Mo28) →B-3C系列：C →C-276(00Cr16Mo16W4) →C-4(00Cr16Mo16) →C-22(00Cr22Mo13W3) →C-2000(00Cr20Mo16)G系列：G →G-3〔00Cr22Ni48Mo7Cu〕→G-30(00Cr30Ni48Mo7Cu)目前使用最广泛的是第二代材料N10665(B-2)、N10276(C-276)、N06022(C-22)、N06455(C-4)和N06985(G-3)。

第三代材料N10675(B-3)、N10629(B-4)、N06059(C-59)处于推广阶段。

由于冶金技术的进步，近年来呈现了多个牌号的含~6%Mo的所谓“超等不锈钢〞，替代了G系列合金，使得G系列合金的出产和使用迅速下降。

二、典型哈氏合金化学成分三、力学性能哈氏合金的力学性能非常突出，它具有高强度、高韧性的特点，所以在机加工方面有必然的难度，而且其应变硬化倾向极强，当变形率达到15%时，约为18-8不锈钢的两倍。

哈氏合金还存在中温敏化区，其敏化倾向随变形率的增加而增大。

当温度较高时，哈氏合金易吸收有害元素使它的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能下降。

材料的力学性能四、常用哈氏合金1：Hastelloy B-2 alloy(哈氏B-2合金)一、耐蚀性能哈氏B-2合金是一种有极低含碳量和含硅量的Ni-Mo合金，它减少了在焊缝及热影响区碳化物和其他相的析出，从而确保即使在焊接状态下也有良好的耐蚀性能。

Lowering operational cost and optimizes the productivity of your plant with the right heat exchanger19th November 20201.Save cost of ownership and boost heat recovery by Spiral HeatExchanger2.Minimise CAPEX cost while maintaining efficiency usingCompabloc Heat Exchanger3.Robust solution in cyclic process conditions with DuroshellHeat ExchangerEngineering from University of Malaya.He is responsiblein refinery and oleochemical industries in Malaysia andSingaporeUniversity of Kocaeli.His work in Alfa Laval is focused onglobal sales for ethanol,sugar,starch,biodiesel andvegetable oil industriesSave cost of ownership and boost heat recovery in Spiral Heat ExchangerChoy Weng KeanSales Manager –Edible Oil Thermal & Separation−Challenges faced nowadays by refiners•Low heat recovery, high fuel cost making business unprofitable•Reduced heat efficiency and production flow rate due to fouling issue•Leaking in heat exchanger causing down time−RBDPO-BPO heat recovery profileTypical heat recovery in deodorization ~75%140°C260°C100°C 220°CType of heat exchangers in BPO-RBDPO heat recoveryImproved heat recovery up to 85%120°C260°C100°C240°C−2-stage heat recovery with lower capital costLow temp. Duty RBDPO: 260°C from deodorization columnBPO: ~160/170°CBPO: ~235~240°C to final oil heaterRBDPO: 120 °CHigh Temp. dutyFrom bleacher : BPO: ~100°COr other type i.e. fallingfilm/coil/S&T−•Higher saving on natural gas/diesel fuel in High Pressure Boiler•Lower overall capital cost with gasketed type at lower temperature duty •Easy to retrofit into your existing heat recovery system•Redundancy of operation/reduce downtime 150-200 kEURyearly−Self cleaning effectHorizontal mode can infuse self-cleaning effect to minimizefouling and reduce cleaning frequency−Open-open channel for better cleaning•Open-open channel -see through design •Better cleanability for BPO channel •RBDPO channel is closed-closed channelWater jet inWater jet out−Important for high temperature/pressure dutyTransition plate between the bodyand tubular center•Higher thermal & pressure fatigueresistance•Less leaking -no intermixing of hotand cold side−Way of welding is important for welded type heat exchanger CMT welding for channel closure•Fast welding and smaller heat affected area •More robust and less cracking issue •Important for open-open channelChannel closure−Specially designed for palm oil economizerLimit projection in case of leakageLimit leakage and protect gasket from deforming+30% hook bolts for better strengthReinforced cover to limit fluid bypassMinimise CAPEX cost while maintaining efficiency using CompablocEser AydinGlobal technology process expert•Down time caused by improper selectionof heat exchanger−Compabloc Welded Heat Exchanger•High efficiency•Temperature cross•High wall shear stress•Low fouling built up•Fully repairable•Compact•Fully cleanable•From -46°C to 343°C as standard and up to 400°C on request•From full vacuum to 40/42 barg1.Liquid to Liquid2.Reboiler3. 1-pass condenser4. 2-pass condenser−How to reduce installation cost?Minimized size•5-10 times less installation & service space•Saving in capital and installation costReduced weight•2-5 times less flooded weight•Saving in space and maintenance costSmaller hold up volume•Faster reaction during operation•Shorter column needed•Free service space is not required above reboiler•Less installation cost•Less transportation cost•Lower ΔT needed which can decrease the design & operationpressure of the columns•Less investment cost for columns −How to reduce total investment costReboiler and condenser in distillation columnGlycerin purificationMethanol recoveryHow to reduce downtime with the correct selection of Heat Exchanger?•End-to-end laser weld of the plates guarantees accessibility and protects against corrosion •Minimal risk of corrosion•Butt weld geometry with very strong joint, no place for cracks to start forming•Laser welded joint with higher welding speed, smaller heat-affected zone and minimal residual stress.•Essential for thin plates.Laser Welding technology for robustnessWatch C-Weld video hereColumn linerHeat transfer coreTabUnobstructed cornersWatch Compabloc cleaning video here−Fully CleanableNo stagnant zones•100% mechanicallycleanable plates•Good-as-new performanceafter cleaning.Inefficienthydro jetIneffectivecleaning•Stagnant zones •Poor cleanability •Fouling flushedacross the plates•CP50 reboiler for glycerine purification column•Rectification column reboiler •Methanol recovery column reboilers in Europe•Methanol recovery and glycerinepurification column reboilers in SouthEast AsiaRobust solution for cyclic process conditions with Duroshell Heat ExchangerEser AydinGlobal technology process expert•High total cost of ownership of shell andtubeSpecifically designed for demanding duties such as high pressure and high temperature applications •Robustness due to unique design•High resistance to thermal and mechanical fatigue •Superior thermal performance•Compact solution which you can save capital cost •Design pressure: 100bar/FV•Design temperature: -160°C/450°C−Duroshellheat exchangers−How Duroshell worksWatch Duroshell video hereCompact design with flow pathDistribution tube 1 Distribution tube 2Distribution tube openings Heat transfer plate−Key features of DuroShellUnique Cut Wings plate shape•High thermal flexibility (easy multi-pass)•Excellent compacity •Less weightPower Pack distribution tubes through all plate packs•Guide fluid for maximizing use of HTA •Smaller footprint required •Strengthen plate pack •Increase fatigue resistanceWatch Cut Wings plate video hereWatch Power Pack distribution tubes video here−Key features of DuroShellUnique Roller Coaster plate pattern•Humps up & down with homogeneous resistance acting as stiffenersin all directions•Same resistance in homogeneous expansion•Increased fatigue resistance•Optimized flow distribution•No peak stresses in port areasWatch video here•Heat recovery 1-phase & 2-phase •Liquid heating / cooling •Evaporation / Condensation•Partial condensation•Gas coolingRobust solution for cyclic process conditions with Duroshell•Unique design•High efficiency•Robustness for cyclic duties•Less installation cost and compact footprint1.Save cost of ownership and boost heat recovery -Spiral Heat Exchanger2.Minimize CAPEX cost while maintaining the efficiency -Compabloc3.Robust solution in cyclic process condition -Duroshell。