ARCGIS拓扑检查步骤（ARCGIS topology check step）Start ArcCatlalog;Choose a local directory, "right click" - > "new" - > "create a personal personal GeoDatabase";Select the GeoDatabase just created "right click" - > "new" - > "data set dataset" coordinate system; data set, if you are not sure you choose to coordinate system analysis of data;Just select the created data set, "right click" - > "inport --feature class single import feature class, you need to import topology analysis data;Just select the created data set, "right click" - > "new" - > "topology", create topology, topology according to the prompts to create, add topological rules;Topology analysis.Finally, open the file generated by the topology rule in ArcMap, and use the error record information in the topolopy toolbar to modify itImport the data set into ARCMAP and edit it by clicking the edit button.Open the eidt drop-down menu, select the more editing Toolstopology appears topology editing toolbar.Select the data to topology, and click the error inspectorbutton.In the error inspector dialog box, click search now to find all topology errors.Mark as Exception for line errors.The polygon error checking, first select the wrong spot, right click to select zoom to, and then click merge, select the appropriate chart for merge treatment, so as not to lose the information class.[part one]In ArcGIS, about topolopy operations, there are two places, one in ArcCatalog and one in arcmap. Typically, we build topologies in ArcCatalog, called topology rules, and establish topologies in ArcMap, called topology processing.The topology creation rules provided in ArcCatalog are mainly for checking topological errors, some of which can be modified and adjusted within the limitation. After you set up the topology rules, you can open some topology rules in ArcMap and modify them according to the error hint.In the ArcMap topolopy toolbar the main function of the line topology (delete duplicate lines, the line of intersection point and so on, topolopy planarize lines), according to the line topology generation surface (topolopy construct features), the topology editor (such as shared edge edit etc.), topology error display (used for displaying the topology rules createdin ArcCatalog the error in error inspector in topolopy), re verification of topology error (i.e. refresh error records).[second part]Specific steps for creating topology rules in ArcCatalogTo create topology rules in ArcCatalog, you must ensure that the data is in the Geodatabase format and that the element classes that want to perform topological rule checking are set in the same set of elements.Therefore, first create a new Geodatabase, then create a collection of elements under it, and then create the element class or import the other data as the element class into the set of elements.Into the element set, right-click on the right margin of the window, new->topolopy in the pop-up right-click menu, and then follow the prompts and add some rules to complete the topology check.Finally, open the file generated by the topology rule in ArcMap, and use the error record information in the topolopy toolbar to modify it.[third part]Topology rules about GeodatabasePolygon topology1.must, not, overlay: single factor classes, polygon elements can not overlap each other2.must not have gaps: a single element class, a continuous connected polygon region, with no blank space in the middle (non data area)3.contains point: a polygon + point, within the boundary of each element of a polygon element class, must contain at least one point in the point layer4.boundary, must, be, covered, by: polygon + line,The boundary of the polygon layer overlaps with the line layer (the line layer can have more elements that are not overlapped)5.must, be, covered, by, feature, class, of: polygon + polygon, the first polygon layer must be completely covered by second (provinces, relationships with the whole country)6.must, be, covered, by: polygon + polygon, the first polygon layer must have second completely covered (national and provincial)7.must, not, overlay, with: polygon + polygon, polygon of two polygons can not exist a pair of elements covered by each other8.must, cover, each, other: polygon + polygon, the elements of the two polygons must overlap completely9.area boundary, must, be, covered, by, boundary, of,: polygon + polygon, each element of the first polygon must be completely covered by one or more polygons10.must, be, properly, inside, polygons: dot + polygon, the elements of the dot layer must all be inside the polygon11.must, be, covered, by, boundary, of: points + polygons, points must be on the boundary of the polygonLine topology1.must not have Dangle: line cannot have dangling nodes2.must, not, have, pseudo-node: line, cannot have pseudo node3.must, not, overlay: lines cannot be wired together (between different elements)4.must, not, self, overlay: lines, an element that cannot be self covered5.must not intersect: lines cannot be wired across (between different elements)6.must, not, self, intersect: line, cannot be wired self intersection7.must, not, intersect, or, touch, interrior: lines cannot intersect and overlap8.must be single part: line, a line element, can only be made up of one path9.must, not, covered, with: line + line, two lines cannot overlap10.must, be, covered, by, feature, class, of: lines + lines, two layers of lines overlap completely11.endpoint must be covered by: line + point, the end point in the line layer must coincide with the partial (or all) points of the point layer12.must, be, covered, by, boundary, of: lines + polygons, lines overlap by polygon boundaries13.must, be, covered, by, endpoint, of: dot + line, the point is completely coincident with the line end14.point, must, be, covered, by, line: points + lines, points are online[fourth part]Geodatabase organizational structure.In Geodatabases, geographic data is organized into a data objects. These data objects are stored in the element class (feature, class), the object class (object class), or the feature datasets.The object class (object class) is used to store non spatial information.The class (feature) stores spatial information and its corresponding attribute information. In the same element class, the geometry of the spatial elements must be consistent, such as points, lines, or faces. In short, a factor class is a collection of similar elements.The dataset (feature) is used to store the class of elements with the same spatial reference (spatial, reference). The class of elements that store simple elements can be stored in the element set, or can be stored directly in the Geodatabase directory as a single element class. The class of elements directly stored in the Geodatabase directory is also called feature (standalone). The element classes of the storage topology must be stored in the factor set, and the purpose of the use of the set of elements is to ensure that these elements have a uniform spatial reference to facilitate maintenance of the topology. Geodatabase supports logical integrity between the elements classes, which is represented by support for complex networks (complex, networks), topology rules, and relational classes. The following describes the data object in Geodatabase (data, objects).Element class (Feature, class)A class of elements can be called a collection of elements of a point, line, or surface, and at the same time, the text information of a map can be stored in the annotation element class. A class of non independent elements, that is, theassociated element classes, such as those that participate in topological rules or geometric networks, are managed together in the form of a set of elements.Raster data set (Raster, data, set)Raster data of single or multiple bands managed in raster tables.Table (Tables)A table describing non spatial information.Association class (Relationships)An association class is a mechanism that selects records from a table (element class) and then gets the corresponding records in the associated table (element class).Domain (Domains)A list (or range) of column valid values.Subclass (Subtypes)The elements in the element class are logically grouped, each grouping being a subclass. Each of these has its integrity, rules, and GIS behavior (such as freeways, which are a subset of road elements).Spatial relations (Spatial, relationships)Defined in a topology tool (topologies) or a geometric network (Geometric, network). What rules can topological spatial relationship between the elements specified in the class, such as land cannot overlap (overlap), or a plurality of spatial relationships between different elements in the class of elements, such as the national capital (elements) must be located in the national territory (factor).A description document of each element in a metadata (Metadata) database.。
