Part One: Reading (2’X32=64')Suggested time: 60 minutesDirection: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several multiple choice questions. Answer all the questions on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage.Head of ResearchSalary：£ 55.271We are looking for a Head of Research to manage the CWU Research Department and Information Center. You would be required to exercise control of all research work of the department and manage a team of three researchers and four support staff.The person appointed would be expected to carry out research work of a strategic nature across the range of businesses in which the CWU has or seeks membership and to contribute to the strategic thinking and direction of the union as a whole.You will need: proven line management skills, especially in managing and motivating a team; good research skills, holding a good degree in a related subject or other similar experience; a high level of mathematical and calculating skills; the ability to produce high quality work under pressure; a commitment to and knowledge of the trade union movement and social democratic polities; and knowledge and/or experience of the postal and/or telecommunications industry.Toapply,****************************************************** telephoning HR (Human Resources) on 020 8971 7482. When applying please start your source.Closing Date for Applications:4 th August 2010Anticipated InterviewDate:17 th August 2010No agencies please1. In which column of a newspaper could we find this advertisement?A. Arts.B. Sales.C. Jobs.D. News.2. The word “appointed” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning toA. showedB. advertisedC. appliedD. chosen3. One of the duties of the person to be appointed is _____.A. running a telecommunications companyB. seeking membership in the local governmentC. managing a team of four membersD. taking charge of research work4. If you want to apply for this position, you can do all EXCEPT _____.A. ask an agency for an application formB. dial 020 8971 7482 for more information*************************************D. send in your application before 4th August 20105. Which of the following applicant is most likely to be employed?A. A math teacher with five years of experience.B. A university graduate majoring in computer science.C. A director from a research center with a master’s degree.D. A clerk from a telecommunications company.Passage 2Questions 6-11 are based on the following passage.Paula Radcliffe, chasing a third London marathon title, says she has become a stronger person after her terrible experience at the 2004 Athens Games.Radcliffe, who failed to complete the Olympic marathon and the 10 000m last August, said:“Athens made me a stronger person and it made me care less about criticism.”“In the past I wanted to please everyone, but now I am going to listen even more to the people around me.”She didn’t care about criticism made at the weekend by Liz McColgan, who felt Radcliffe should have rested and let her body recover after her failure in Athens.“Liz is someone I look up to but she hasn’t spoken to me since last year and if she really cared for me, I'm sure she would have contacted me.”Instead Radcliffe won the New York City marathon just 11 weeks after Athens.“In New York I wasn't in my best state but I did know I was good enough to win the race.”Radcliffe insisted her only goal in Sunday’s race would be winning a third title and not chasing world records.However, Radcliffe has not ruled out in the future chasing her "final" world record time and questioned sayings that marathon runners have the ability in their career to produce only four or five world-class times.“I don’t think that—although I can’t put a number on it,”said Radcliffe. “That changes from person to person.”Radcliffe is sure she can better her winning London 2003 performance at some point in the future. Following a successful three-month training period in the United States, the 31-year-old will chase a third title on Sunday after her first victory in 2002 and again 12 months later.Radcliffe clocked a time of 2:18:56 in her first 42.2-kilometer race three years ago. Afterwards she set a "mixed course" mark of 2:17:18 five months later in Chicagobefore lowering that to a time of 2:15:25 in the 2003 London event.6. Radcliffe's failure in Athens made her _____.A. develop respect for LizB. love people around her moreC. rest for five monthsD. face criticism calmly7. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Radcliffe broke the world record in the New York City marathon.B. Radcliffe wasn’t in her best state before the New York City marathon.C. Radcliffe won her first marathon title in the New York City marathon.D. Radcliffe had a 3-month training before the New York City marathon.8. The phrase “rule out” in the passage is closest in meaning to ____.A. eliminate the possibility ofB. be banned fromC. make the rule ofD. surpass well beyond9. By saying “I can't put a number on it”, Radcliffe means she’s not sure _____.A. if she has the ability to set a new world recordB. if she can win another race though she has won many timesC. how many times a marathon runner can set the world recordD. if she has the ability to produce four or five world-class times10. According to Radcliffe, her next goal would be _____.A. winning a third title in the New York City marathonB. breaking the world record she made in the 2003 London eventC. gaining a place in the following London marathonD. returning to the 2004 Athens Games11.It can be inferred from the passage that all of the following were the characteristics of Radcliffe EXCEPT_____.A. aggressiveB. optimisticC. persistentD. ambitiousPassage 3Questions 12-18 are based on the following passage.The Sahara Desert is growing by 10km each year. The whole earth gets 600km2of desert area more every year. This process is called "desertification". This term started being used in the1950s.The idea of desertification was first known in the 1930s. Much of the Great Plains grew very dry as a result of drought and poor farming techniques. It was called the “Dust Bowl.”Grazing is one worry. Cows do two things to the soil. First, they eat grasses and plants that hold the soil in place. Second, their hooves break down the top layer of soil. The result is that the good soil can be blown away by the wind. The dirt left behind is not good for growing. Millions were forced to leave their farms and their ways of life.Since then, there have been great improvements in farming practices in the Great Plains. These have prevented the “Dust Bowl” disaster from occurring again.Some think that droughts mostly cause this condition. In fact, it is mostly caused by people. It has become one of the most serious global problems. Droughts are normal in dry and semi-dry places. Well-managed lands can recover from droughts when the rains return. It is man's effect on nature that is the key. A five-year drought was worsened by poor land management in West Africa some years ago. It caused the deaths of more than 100,000 people and 12 million cattle.Desertification is a common issue in politics. There are still many things that we do not know about it. The process is a very complex form of degradation. More research needs be done to understand it better.12. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3?A. The wind will make it difficult for the cows to eat grasses and plants.B. Cows’ hooves break down the top layer of soil that is not good for cultivating.C. Because of grazing, the grasses and plants that hold the soil can be blown away.D. Grazing causes the destruction and loss of good soil.13. According to paragraph 3, what has prevented the “Dust Bowl” from happening again?A. Better cattle breeds.B. Better irrigation techniquesC. Good farming practice.D. The Great Plains Preservation Plan14. The phrase “this condition” in paragraph 4 refers toA. the Sahara DessertB. desertificationC. poor farming techniquesD. grazing15. Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the underlined sentence (“Well-managed lands can... return.”)?A. Land only recovers from droughts with the return of rains.B. Rain helps the recovery of effectively managed lands.C. Rains support the recovery of all lands in dry places.D. Droughts prevent land from recovering from poor management.16. The author mentions “West Africa” in the paragraph 4 in order toA. emphasize the seriousness of desertification worsening every year.B. give an example of the consequence caused by poor land management.C. attract attention from the governments in West Africa.D. contrast the desertification in West Africa with other regions of the Sahara Desert17. The word “degradation” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ____.A. reductionB. graduationC. solutionD. expansion18. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. Desertification is one of the political issues.B. Drought are common in the desert.C. The Sahara Desert expands by 10km every other year.D. The word desertification was introduced in the 1950s.Passage 4Questions 19-25 are based on the following passage.Famous author and linguist John Ronald Reuel Tolkien was born in South Africa in 1892. He joined the British Army during World War I and served in a British unit. During the war, Tolkien witnessed the deaths of many of his fellow soldiers as well as some his closest friends. He himself was struck down with trench fever and ended up in a hospital. It is often suggested that Tolkien's experience of war had a great influence on his writing. He may well have come to view fantasy as a way to escape the severe reality of war, machines, guns and bombs. Certainly, it was during his recovery in a military hospital that he began to create fairy tales based upon his studies of folk tales. After the war, Tolkien followed an academic career. His interest in languages led him to work on the New English Dictionary and inspired him to invent many artificial languages. Eventually, he went to Oxford University as Professor of Anglo-Saxon, and later he became Professor of English Language and Literature.①Tolkien is probably best known as the author of The Lord of the Rings.②.It is said that he often invented fantasy stories to entertain his children. ③One of these stories was published in 1937 and was called The Hobbit.④.Although intended for children, The Hobbit attracted many adult readers and its great popularity led his publishers to persuade Tolkien to work on a continuation. ⑤In response, Tolkien created his most famous work, the epic three-volume novel, The Lord of the Rings.⑥At first he thought his story would tell another children's tale but the work quickly grew darker and more serious in the writing. ⑦It took him ten years to complete histhree-volume novel which has been popular since it first appeared in print.Although widely admired as powerful and inventive, The lord of the Rings has received criticism. Some critics, particularly scholars of Norse mythology, consider the work highly imitative and taken extensively from myths and folk stories. Despite this, Tolkien stories have appealed to generations of readers and influenced generations of writers. He well deserves to be considered the father of modern fantasy.19. In passage 1, the author indicates that T olkien’s experience in the army _____.A. aroused a fascination with warB. stimulated an interest in mythologyC. had a great influence on his writingD. encouraged him to study language and literature20. According to passage 1, which of the following is true of Tolkien?A. During World War I, he joined the South Africa Army and witnessed the cruelty of war.B. Tolkien started to create science fictions during his recovery in a hospital.C. He invented many artificial languages for the New English Dictionary.D. After the war, he followed an academic career in the field of language.21. According to paragraph 2, The Lord of the Rings _____.A. was slow to gain popular acceptanceB. Changed its writing style as it progressedC. represented a rejection of his earlier writing styleD. was a unique and unprecedented piece of writing22. Which sentence in paragraph 2 provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?A. Sentence ②(It is said... Children.)B. Sentence ④(Although intended for... continuation.)C. Sentence ⑤(In response... Rings.)D. Sentence ⑥(At first... writing.)23. The word “imitative” in paragraph 3 is closest in the meaning toA. originalB. copyingC. capturingD. inaccurate24. In paragraph 3, the word “this” refers toA. The Lord of the RingsB. The HobbitC. myths and folk storiesD. criticism25. According to the passage, Tolkien “deserves to be considered the father of modern fantasy” in the sense that _____.A. his work has a wide readership and lasting influence.B. his novels are enjoyed by both children and adults.C. he invented the idea of fantasy in literatureD. he wrote Norse myths and folk stories in modern English.Passage 5Questions 26-32 are based on the following passage.Tight economic times and a growing openness to stranger thanks to the Internet have given rise to the “sharing economy.” People are logging on to sites and apps to rent out their cars, houses and even their clothes directly to one another. And it’s big business: the peer-to-peer rental market is worth $26 billion, according to Rachel Botsman, author of Mine Is Yours: The Rise of Collaborative Consumption.Arguably the biggest sector of the sharing economy is travel. People are renting their beds to out-of-towners, leading them on guided tours and hosting meals, sometimes for free but on most sites for a price -- though one far below those found at local hotels. Trust, based mainly on online reviews, is fueling a global sharecationnetwork.Part of the appeal for travelers is the chance to live like locals.“In certain small towns, Googling what to see would not have helped,” says Robert Hero, 22, who biked across Europe with two friends this summer, crashing on strangers’ couches as they went. “But in Compiegne (in France), our host took us to this castle where Napoleon partied.” Hero and his friends crashed on 35 couches during their travel. “Originally, we did it to save money. But now I would be upset if I held to travel any other way.”Trust between strangers has grown so much that people may be willing to share hotel rooms, not just houses. which launched this summer, pairs strangers together to split the cost of a hotel room --hopefully with separate beds. On these sites, users pick hosts or fellow travelers mainly on the basis of user reviews, so online reputation becomes of prime importance.But there are risks to any system based on peer reviews. Safety concerns have led sites to take external measures. Airbnb recently introduced a system where you can confirm your online identity by sending the site a copy of an off-line ID, like a driver’s license.And while most sharing sites do not check hosts, more are turning to social networks like Facebook as a platform for building trust. The new Friends of Friends Travel connects travelers already indirectly linked through social media. “Even if the person you're crashing with is technically a stranger, someone you know knows them and can guarantee for them."Says D. J. Singh, a co-founder.26. The sharing economy is booming mainly because _____.A. peers tend to support one another financiallyB. people are getting more willing to accept othersC. the peer-to-peer rental market has been profitableD. it's getting more favorable reviews on the Internet27. According to the passage, the word "sharecation" in paragraph 2 most probably means _____.A. a rental network where people rent out things totally for freeB. a package tour in which people choose their ideal hotel roommatesC. a way of traveling by renting things from local people at economical pricesD. a way of accommodation in which people sleep on couches for the night28. According to paragraph 3, what is Hero’s attitude towards the new way of traveling?A. pessimisticB. enthusiasticC. neutralD. skeptical29. The word “reputation” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning toA. good nameB. marketingC. serviceD. advertisement30. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Trust between people helps promote the "sharing economy" across the world.B. Enjoying local lives contributes to people’s growing passion for “sharecation.”C. People choose hosts or fellow travelers mainly by checking user reviews .D. All the sharing sites require a copy of a user ID for confirmation of his or her identity.31. The author quotes D. J. Singh as saying “Even if the person ... for them” in paragraph 6 in order toA. illustrate how the hosts establish new friendship by sharing her house.B. contrast “sharecation” with the traditional way of booking hotels.C. relieve users’ safety concerns with the introduction of ID checking systemD. explain how social networks can build trust between hosts and users.32. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. The Rise of “Sharecation”B. The Global Rental NetworkC. The Couch-crashing ExperienceD. The Popular ConsumptionPart Two: Writing (36’)Suggested time: 60 minutesDirection: Read the following writing prompt carefully. You may use the outline on Page 9 to plan your essay. The outline will NOT be scored. You must write your essay on the lined Essay Sheet.Have at least 300 words.✓Take a position on this question. Write about either one of the two points of view given, or you may present a different point of view on this question.✓Follow a five paragraph essay structure.✓Use relevant reasons, details and examples to support your position.✓Use appropriate transition words to link ideas.OutlineI.Introduction.Thesis statement: ………………………………………………………………II.Reason 1: ……………………………………………………………………….Detail 1: ………………………………………………………………………Detail 2: ………………………………………………………………………Detail 3: ………………………………………………………………………III.Reason 2: ………………………………………………………………………Detail 1: ……………………………………………………………………….Detail 2: ………………………………………………………………………Detail 3: ………………………………………………………………………. IV.Reason 3: ………………………………………………………………………Detail 1: ………………………………………………………………………Detail 2: ……………………………………………………………………….Detail 3: ………………………………………………………………………. V.Conclusion:Restate the thesis: …………………………………………………………….Reading Passage 11-5 CDDACPassage 26-11 DBACCAPassage 312-18 DCBBBACPassage 419-25 CDBDBDAPassage 526-32 BCBADDA。
