Appreciation of Ode to the West Wind
- 格式：doc
- 大小：187.00 KB
- 文档页数：30
Appreciation of Ode to the West Wind
• Ode is a kind of poem, usually in irregular meter and expressing noble feelings,
often in celebration of some special event.
• The wind is a symbol, which symbolizes a strong force which can bury the
dead year, and prepare for a new Spring and can destroy something and can
also construct something.
• The author shows his admiration for the wind and he wishes that he and the
people could also have the power to overthrow the old system, overthrow the
corrupt authority and establish a new society
• It can flow freely, and have the power to spread messages far and wide.
Shelley wishes that he and his fellow men can share the freedom of the wind.
• The optimism expressed in the last two lines shows at once the poet’s critical
attitude toward the ugly social reality of his day and his faith in a bright future
for humanity.
• If winter comes, can spring be far behind
• 冬天来了，春天还会远吗？
• 如果冬天来了，春天还会远吗?
• 《西风颂》是欧洲诗歌史上的艺术珍品。全诗共五节，由五首十四行诗组成。从形式上看，五个小节格律完整，可以独立成篇。从内容来看，它们又熔为一体，贯穿着一个中心思想。第一节描写西风扫除林中残叶，吹送生命的种籽。第二节描写西风搅动天上的浓云密雾，呼唤着暴雨雷电的到来。第三节描写西风掀起大海的汹涌波涛，摧毁海底花树。三节诗三个意境，诗人幻想的翅膀飞翔在树林、天空和大海之间，飞翔在现实和理想之间，形象鲜明，想象丰富，但中心思想只有一个，就是歌唱西风扫除腐朽、鼓舞新生的强大威力。从第四节开始，由写景转向抒情，由描写西风的气势转向直抒诗人的胸臆，抒发诗人对西风的热爱和向往，达到情景交融的境界，而中心思想仍然是歌唱西风。因此，结构严谨，层次清晰，主题集中，是《西风颂》一个突出的艺术特点。
• 其次，《西风颂》采用的是象征手法，整首诗从头至尾环绕着秋天的西风作文章，无论是写景还是抒情，都没有脱离这个特定的描写对象，没有使用过一句政治术语和革命口号。然而读了这首短诗以后，我们却深深感受到，雪莱在歌唱西风，又不完全是歌唱西风，诗人实质上是通过歌唱西风来歌唱革命。诗中的西风、残叶、种籽、流云、暴雨雷电、大海波涛、海底花树等等，都不过是象征性的东西，它们包含着深刻的寓意，大自然风云激荡的动人景色，乃是人间蓬勃发展的革命斗争的象征性反映。从这个意义上说，《西风颂》不是风景诗，而是政治抒情诗，它虽然没有一句直接描写革命，但整首诗都是在反映革命。尤其是结尾脍炙人口的诗句，既概括了自然现象，也深刻地揭示了人类社会的历史规律，指出了革命斗争经过艰难曲折走向胜利的光明前景，寓意深远，余味无穷，一百多年来成了人们广泛传诵的名言警句。
Classicism (neo-classicism)
• Time span: last decades of 17th century to the first half of the 18th century
• Reaction against the passion
• All forms of literature should be modeled after the ancient Greek and Roman writers.
• order, logic, restrained emotion and accuracy
• seek proportion, unity, harmony and grace in literary expressions
• Classicists had some fixed rules and laws for every literature genre.
• prose should be precise, direct, smooth and flexible
• Poetry should be lyrical, didactic
• Drama should follow the three-unity principle, unity of time, space and actions
• Representative writers: Alexander Pope, Samuel Johnson ,Steel
The appearance of sentimentalism
By the middle of the 18 th century, sentimentalism appeared.
• They found the power of reason was inefficient. So they appealed to sentiment as a means
of achieving happiness and social justice.
• The appearance and development of sentimentalist poetry marks the midway in the
transition from classicism to its opposite romanticism in poetry.
• Representative writers: Laurence Sterne
Renaissance
It marks a transition from the medieval to the modern world
• I.Historical and cultural background
• 1.1. Time span: the 14th and mid-17th
• First started in Florence and Venice, Italy
• 1.2. ideological and cultural movement
• Renaissance: rebirth, revival
• Ancient Greek and Roman civilization
• Humanists not only saw the arts of splendor and enlightenment, but the human values
represented in works.
• Contrary to the subordination of individuals to the feudal rules and the sacrifice of earthly
life for a future life in the medieval society,
• Renaissance humanists came to see that human beings were glorious creatures.
• By emphasizing the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life, they
voiced their beliefs that man did not only have the right to enjoy life, but had the ability to
perfect himself and to perform wonders
1.3. The essence and the keynote of renaissance is humanism.
Renaissance in England
• the late 15th century
• English Renaissance was at its height during the reign of Queen Elizabeth.
I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
The speaker says that, wandering like a cloud floating above hills and valleys, he
encountered a field of daffodils beside a lake. The dancing, fluttering flowers stretched
endlessly along the shore, and though the waves of the lake danced beside the flowers, the
daffodils outdid the water in glee. The speaker says that a poet could not help but be happy
in such a joyful company of flowers. He says that he stared and stared, but did not realize
what wealth the scene would bring him. For now, whenever he feels "vacant" or "pensive,"
the memory flashes upon "that inward eye / That is the bliss of solitude," and his heart fills
with pleasure, "and dances with the daffodils."
• “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” is a poem about nature. With his pure and poetic
language, Wordsworth brings us into a beautiful world where there are daffodils,
