太阳能电池基本知识培训

Solar basic technology training

太阳能基本知识培训

Contents：

内容：

1. Silicon refining process

硅的提炼过程

2. Wafer types and its productive process

硅片的种类及其生产过程

3. Solar cell productive process&Important parameters of solar cell

太阳能电池片生产流程和太阳能电池的重要参数

4. PV modules productive process

太阳能组件工艺流程

5. Benefit of using back contact modules&description of different types of PVcell modules

背结式太阳能电池的优点以及不同类型的太阳能电池模组的描述

The detail is as follows：

详细介绍如下：

1.Silicon purifyingprocess

硅的提纯过程

Mine

硅矿 Silica stone 硅石 Metallic silica金属硅 Polycrystalline silicon多晶硅

Mono-crystalline silicon 单晶硅

2.Wafertypes and its productiveprocess

硅片的种类及其生产过程

①Wafer types

硅片种类 N type silicon N型硅（doping with boron掺杂硼）

Mono-crystalline silicon 单晶硅:

P type silicon P型硅（doping withphosphorus掺杂磷）

Poly-crystalline silicon 多晶硅：P type silicon P型硅 ② Wafer productive process

硅片生产过程

1) Silicon powder

硅粉

2) heated it up and melting it make it to fluid in a chamber

在密封的腔体中加热使其熔化

3) doping with boron (P type) or phosphorus (N type)

掺杂硼（P型硅）或者磷（N型硅）

4) castit, became ingot

在特殊的炉子里铸造形成硅锭

5) cut it into pieces ,the wafer is formatted!

切割成片，硅片形成了

Detailed illustration is as follows

详细图解如下

The cutting step detailed illustration is as follows

切片详细图解如下

3.Solar cell productive process

太阳能电池片生产流程

1）.Clean (etching)

清洗腐蚀

2). Texturizing

制绒

Mono-crystalline silicon& Poly-crystalline silicon texturizing

单晶硅与多晶硅制绒

Mono-crystalline silicon texturizing with alkali Poly-crystalline silicon texturizing with acid

单晶硅碱制绒多晶硅酸制绒

3）.Doping form PN junction

掺杂，形成PN结

Process of doping with phosphorus in diffusion furnace

在扩散炉里进行磷扩散的工艺

Diffusion purpose ：form PN junction

扩散目的：形成PN结

4）.PSG(phosphorus silicate glass) etch

去磷硅玻璃

Use HF to remove the surface PSG

用氢氟酸去掉表面生成的PSG 5）.Edge isolation （Use chemical reagent to remove both sides and bottom useless N type layer）

边缘刻蚀（去掉两边和底部掺杂形成的N型层，使硅片上下表面绝缘）

6）.PECVD deposition (SINx coating) ARC(Anti-reflective coating), passivation

PECVD 淀积氮化硅薄膜:减反射，钝化作用

7）Metalization （Screen print）

丝网印刷

Front side print Back side print

正面印刷背面印刷

8）.Firing (烧结) 9）.Test and sort(测试分选)

Major parameters of the solar cell

太阳能电池的主要参数

I sc：short circuit current 短路电流

Voc：open circuit voltage 开路电压

Imax：maximum operating current 最大工作电流

Vmax：maximum operating voltage 最大工作电压

P max：maximum operating power 最大工作功率

FF: fill factor 填充因子 FF=P max/I sc*Voc

Eff: efficiency 效率 EFF=cell output/light radiation power

Rs: series resistance 串联电阻

Rsh: shunt series 并联电阻 The circuit model of solar cell is as follows：

太阳能电池等效电路模型如下：

Rs must be as low as possible , Rsh must be as high as possible

串联电阻越小越好，并联电阻越大越好

5. PV modules productive process

太阳能组件工艺流程

1）.Tabbing & stringing

串接固定 2). Stack-up 叠层

Detail is as follows (详细描述如下)

3）.Lamination/ AOI inspection

层压/自动光学检测

4）.Trimming (修边，去掉边缘挤压出的EVA)

5）.Framing (装框)

6）.Junction box（装接线盒，电池正负极由此导出与外界电路相连）

7）Testing（测试）

Tester （测试仪） Tested curve and data（测试曲线和数据）

8）Clean（组件清洗）

Clean the surface and the edge of

the cell module

对电池片表面和边缘进行清洗

9）.Sort (分类)

According to the electrical performance parameters to sort the cell modules

根据最终电气性能参数对电池模组进行分类

5. Benefit of using back contact modules&description of different types of PVcell modules

背结式太阳能电池的优点以及不同类型的太阳能电池模组的描述 1).Back contact solar cell modules description

Cell type Mc/Cz Bus bar P/N type Technology EFF

H-type Mc 2BB P Standard 16.5% H-type Mc 3BB P Standard 16.8%-17.1%

H-type Mc 2/3BB P HIT 22%

H-type Mc 2/3BB P PLUTO 19%-20%

H-type Mc 2/3BB P Standard 16.5%-17.1%

H-type Cz 2/3BB P Standard 18.0%-18.5%

H-type Cz 2/3BB N Standard 19.0%-19.5%

Back contact Mc 0 P MWT 17%-17.2%

Back contact Mc 0 P EWT 20%-22%

Back contact Mc 0 P IBC 23%-25%