2020版高考二轮复习英语练酷版练习：专题四 习题讲评 课二 Word版含解析
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有提示词类必考点(二)——非谓语动词
技法一 了解句法功能，判断非谓语形式
分析句子所缺少的成分，以便选择恰当的形式。非谓语动词在句中可作主语、表语、
宾语、定语、补语。理解非谓语动词的句法功能是判断非谓语形式的关键。
(一)作目的状语时用不定式，且只能用不定式的一般式
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)You don’t have to run fast or for long (see) the
benefit.
解析：to see 句意：你不必跑得很快，也不必跑很长时间就见到效果。不定式短语
to see 作目的状语。
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of
rice (improve) water quality.
解析：to improve 句意：政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是水稻来改善水质。故用不定
式 to improve 作目的状语。
3．(2017·6 月浙江高考)Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond
ring (cook) a meal.
解析：to cook 根据语境可知，Pahlsson 摘掉钻戒的目的是做饭，此处应用动词不定
式作目的状语，故填 to cook。
(二)作伴随状语、方式状语和结果状语时用现在分词
4．(2018·江苏高考改编)Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period,
(exceed) the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.
解析：exceeding 句意：在这段时期大约创造了 13 500 个新工作，超过了市场分析
家认为的 12 000 的预期数字。分析句子结构可知，were created 是谓语，空处应用非谓
语动词形式。再结合语境可知，此处应用现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。
5 ． (2016 · 全 国 卷 Ⅲ )People probably cooked their food in large pots,
(use) twigs (树枝) to remove it.
解析：using 逻辑主语 people 与 use 之间为主动关系，故用现在分词 using 作方式
状语。
6．Finally I refused to attend classes， (shut) myself in my room for
hours.
1 s
解析：shutting 句意：最后，我拒绝上课，把自己关在房间几个小时。 refused 和
shut 之间没有并列连词，故可判断设空处应为非谓语动词作状语。主语 I 与 shut 之间为逻
辑上的主动关系，且 shut 与 refused 同时发生，故设空处表示伴随，故填 shutting。注意：
shut 的现在分词形式需要双写“t”。
7．(2018·浙江宁波九校联考)I like staying up late (watch) TV, surfing
the Internet or doing something I’m fond of.
解析：watching 逻辑主语 I 与 watch 之间为主动关系，表示伴随状态，故填现在分
词 watching。
8．(2019·河北唐山一次调研)What’ worse, his wife abandoned him， (leave)
him alone with his six year old younger son.
解析：leaving 句意：更糟糕的是，他的妻子离他而去，留下他自己和 6 岁的小儿子。
设空处作结果状语，主语 his wife 与 leave 为逻辑上的主动关系，故填 leaving。
(三)作介词的宾语时用动名词
9．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your
risk of (die) early by running.
解析：dying reduce one’s risk of ...“降低某人……的风险”，此处介词 of 后
跟动名词形式， 故填 dying。
10 ． (2018 · 沈 阳 质 量 检 测 )You could easily pay with your smartphone by
(scan) the seller’s QR code.
解析：scanning 空处作介词 by 的宾语，故用动名词形式。
(四)缺少主语常用动词 ing 形式
11 ． (2018 ·北京高考改编 ) (travel) along the old Silk Road is an
interesting and rewarding experience.
解析：Traveling/To travel 句意：沿着古老的丝绸之路旅行是一种有趣且有益的体
验。分析句子结构可知，空处所在短语在句中作主语，应用动名词或动词不定式形式。
12 ． (2018 ·辽宁铁岭协作体一联 )Above all, I have come to understand that
(bring) happiness to others is getting ourselves happiness.
解析：bringing 句意：首先，我开始明白了赠人玫瑰、手留余香的道理。设空处在
宾语从句中作主语，且表示抽象概念，故用动名词作主语。
(五)非谓语动词作表语修饰物时用 v. ing，修饰人时用 v. ed 形式
13 ． (2018 ·河南八市重点高中二次质检 )I felt hopeless and alone, and more
(depress) than I knew was possible.
解析：depressed 句意：我感到绝望、孤独及前所未有过的沮丧。设空处作 felt 的
表语，故填 depressed。
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14．(2018·江西红色七校一联)It is (shock) that some investment banks
even judge candidates by whether they wear brown shoes.
解析：shocking 句意：令人震惊的是：一些投资银行甚至根据他们是否穿棕色鞋子
来判断应聘者。shocking“令人震惊的”；shocked“感到震惊的”。
技法二 利用固定搭配或用法，判定非谓语动词的形式
牢记非谓语动词的一些固定搭配和句型公式，再分析句式结构，结合语境对非谓语动
词就能迎刃而解。
1 ． (2018 · 全 国 卷 Ⅲ )I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid
(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel challenged.
解析：looking 句意：我迅速低下头避免和它直视，以便它不会感到受到挑战。avoid
doing sth.“避免做某事”，avoid 后接动名词作宾语。
2．(2018·天津高考改编)It took him a long time (acquire) the skills
he needed to become a good dancer.
解析：to acquire 句意：他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需要的技
能。It takes sb. some time to do sth.“花费某人时间做某事”，故填 to acquire。
3．(2018·天津高考改编)I didn’t mean (eat) anything but the ice cream
looked so good that I couldn’t help (try) it.
解析：to eat; trying 句意：我没打算吃任何东西，但这冰淇淋看起来如此的好，
以至于我忍不住要试一试。 mean to do“打算做”；couldn’t help doing sth.“忍不住
做某事”。
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But unlike her school friends, 16 year old Sarah is not
spending half term (rest)．
解析：resting spend time (in) doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，为固定用法。
5．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My ambassadorial duties will include (introduce)
British visitors to the 120 plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre
in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
解析：introducing include 为及物动词，后面常用动名词形式作宾语。
6．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)If you find something you love doing outside of the office,
you’ll be less likely (bring) your work home.
解析：to bring 句意：如果你发现在办公室之外有喜欢做的事情，你把工作带回家
的可能性就小了。be likely to do sth.“可能做某事”。
7．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat
and are now cold enough (cool) the house during the hot day; at the same
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