1993考研英语真题(英一二通用)答案+解析

1993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Structure and VocabularyIn each sentence, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put your choices in the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)1. The board deemed it urgent that these files ________ right away.[A] had to be printed[B] should have been printed[C] must be printed[D] should be printed2. The local health organization is reported ________ twenty-five years ago whenDr. Audon became its first president.[A] to be set up[B] being set up[C] to have been set up[D] having been set up3. The school board listened quietly as John read the demands that his followers________ for.[A] be demonstrating[B] demonstrate[C] had been demonstrating[D] have demonstrated4. Ted has told me that he always escapes ________ as he has got a very fast sportscar.[A] to fine[B] to be fined[C] being fined[D] having been fined5. More than one third of the Chinese in the United States live in California,________ in San Francisco.[A] previously[B] predominantly[D] permanently6. Prof. Lee’s book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts.[A] that you have observed[B] that how you have observed[C] how that you have observed[D] how what you have observed7. All flights ________ because of the snowstorm, we decided to take the train.[A] were canceled[B] had been canceled[C] having canceled[D] having been canceled8. The new secretary has written a remarkably ________ report only in a few pagesbut with all the details.[A] concise[B] clear[C] precise[D] elaborate9. With prices ________ so much, it’s hard for the company to plan a budget.[A] fluctuating[B] waving[C] swinging[D] vibrating10. Experts say walking is one of the best ways for a person to ________ healthy.[A] preserve[B] stay[C] maintain[D] reserve11. Expected noises are usually more ________ than unexpected ones of the likemagnitude.[A] manageable[B] controllable[D] perceivable12. It isn’t so much whether he works hard; the question is whether he works________.[A] above all[B] in all[C] at all[D] after all13. There is an incorrect assumption among scientists and medical people thateveryone agrees ________ what constitutes a benefit to an individual.[A] on[B] with[C] to[D] in14. All the information we have collected in relation to that case ________ verylittle.[A] makes up for[B] adds up to[C] comes up with[D] puts up with15. A really powerful speaker can ________ the feelings of the audience to the feverof excitement.[A] work out[B] work over[C] work at[D] work up16. Before the students set off, they spent much time setting a limit ________ theexpenses of the trip.[A] to[B] about[C] in[D] for17. According to the psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, wisdom comes from the ________of maturity.[A] fulfillment[B] achievement[C] establishment[D] accomplishment18. From the tears in Nedra’s eyes we can deduce that s omething sad ________.[A] must have occurred[B] would have occurred[C] might be occurring[D] should occur19. You can arrive in Beijing earlier for the meeting ________ you don’t mindtaking the night train.[A] provided[B] unless[C] though[D] until20. Hardly a month goes by without ________ of another survey revealing new depthsof scientific illiteracy among U.S. citizens.[A] words[B] a word[C] the word[D] word21. If you ________ Jerry Brown until recently, you’d think the photograph on theright was strange.[A] shouldn’t contact[B] didn’t contact[C] weren’t to contact[D] hadn’t contacted22. Some teenagers harbor a generalized resentment against society, which ________them the rights and privileges of adults, although physically they are mature.[A] deprives[B] restricts[C] rejects23. I must go now. ________, if you want that book I’ll bring it next time.[A] Incidentally[B] Accidentally[C] Occasionally[D] Subsequently24. There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, ________ theycan limit how much water you drink.[A] much more than[B] no more than[C] no less than[D] any more than25. Though ________ in San Francisco, Dave Mitchell had always preferred to recordthe plain facts of small-town life.[A] raised[B] grown[C] developed[D] cultivated26. Most electronic devices of this kind, ________ manufactured for such purposes,are tightly packed.[A] that are[B] as are[C] which is[D] it is27. As for the winter, it is inconvenient to be cold, with most of ________ furnacefuel is allowed saved for the dawn.[A] what[B] that[C] which[D] such28. Achieving a high degree of proficiency in English as a foreign language is nota mysterious ________ without scientific basic.[A] process[C] procedure[D] program29. We cannot always ________ the wind, so new windmills should be so designed thatthey can also be driven by water.[A] hang on[B] count on[C] hold on[D] come on30. The storm sweeping over this area now is sure to cause ________ of vegetablesin the coming days.[A] rarity[B] scarcity[C] invalidity[D] varietySection II Reading ComprehensionEach of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (30 points)Text 1Is language, like food, a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life can be starved and damaged? Judging from the drastic experiment of Frederick II in the thirteenth century, it may be. Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue, he told the nurses to keep silent.All the infants died before the first year. But clearly there was more than lack of language here. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the first year of life especially, the capacity to survive is seriously affected.Today no such severe lack exists as that ordered by Frederick. Nevertheless, some children are still backward in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the infant, whose brain is programmed to learn language rapidly. If these sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for acquiring skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again. A bird learns to sing and to fly rapidly at the right time, but the process is slow and hard once the critical stage has passed.Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at aconstant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ. At twelve weeks a baby smiles and makes vowel-like sounds; at twelve months he can speak simple words and understand simple commands; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to fifty words. At three he knows about 1,000 words which he can put into sentences, and at four his language differs from that of his parents in style rather than grammar.Recent evidence suggests that an infant is born with the capacity to speak. What is special about man’s brain, compare d with that of the monkey, is the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of, say, a toy-bear with the sound pattern “toy-bear.” And even more incredible is the young brain’s ability to pick out an order in language from the mixture of sound around him, to analyze, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways.But speech has to be induced, and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child, where the mother recognizes the signals in the child’s babbling (咿呀学语), grasping and smiling, and responds to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls the interaction because the child gets discouraged and sends out only the obvious signals. Sensitivity to the child’s non-verbal signals is essential to the growth and development of language.31. The purpose of Frederick II’s experiment was ________.[A] to prove that children are born with the ability to speak[B] to discover what language a child would speak without hearing any humanspeech[C] to find out what role careful nursing would play in teaching a child tospeak[D] to prove that a child could be damaged without learning a language32. The reason some children are backward in speaking is most probably that________.[A] they are incapable of learning language rapidly[B] they are exposed to too much language at once[C] their mothers respond inadequately to their attempts to speak[D] their mothers are not intelligent enough to help them33. What is exceptionally remarkable about a child is that ________.[A] he is born with the capacity to speak[B] he has a brain more complex than an animal’s[C] he can produce his own sentences[D] he owes his speech ability to good nursing34. Which of the following can NOT be inferred from the passage?[A] The faculty of speech is inborn in man.[B] Encouragement is anything but essential to a child in language learning.[C] The child’s brain is highly selective.[D] Most children learn their language in definite stages.35. If a child starts to speak later than others, he will in future ________.[A] have a high IQ[B] be less intelligent[C] be insensitive to verbal signals[D] not necessarily be backwardText 2In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic (官僚主义的) management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and “human-relations” experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue- and the white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.The worker and employee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of a job; they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life. They live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings.Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the tight mixture of submissiveness and independence. From that moment on they are tested again and again -- by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than one’s fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness.Am I suggesting that we should return to the preindustrial mode of production or to nineteenth-century “free enterprise” capitalism? Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism inwhich maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities -- those of love and of reason -- are the aims of all social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man.36. By “a well-oiled cog in the machinery” the author intends to render the ideathat man is ________.[A] a necessary part of the society though each individual’s function isnegligible[B] working in complete harmony with the rest of the society[C] an unimportant part in comparison with the rest of the society, thoughfunctioning smoothly[D] a humble component of the society, especially when working smoothly37. The real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that ________.[A] they are likely to lose their jobs[B] they have no genuine satisfaction or interest in life[C] they are faced with the fundamental realities of human existence[D] they are deprived of their individuality and independence38. From the passage we can infer that real happiness of life belongs to those________.[A] who are at the bottom of the society[B] who are higher up in their social status[C] who prove better than their fellow-competitors[D] who could keep far away from this competitive world39. To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should________.[A] resort to the production mode of our ancestors[B] offer higher wages to the workers and employees[C] enable man to fully develop his potentialities[D] take the fundamental realities for granted40. The author’s attitude towards industrialism might best be summarized as oneof ________.[A] approval[B] dissatisfaction[C] suspicion[D] toleranceText 3When an invention is made, the inventor has three possible courses of action open to him: he can give the invention to the world by publishing it, keep the idea secret, or patent it.A granted patent is the result of a bargain struck between an inventor and the state, by which the inventor gets a limited period of monopoly (垄断) and publishes full details of his invention to the public after that period terminates.Only in the most exceptional circumstances is the lifespan of a patent extended to alter this normal process of events.The longest extension ever granted was to Georges Valensi; his 1939 patent for color TV receiver circuitry was extended until 1971 because for most of the patent’s normal life there was no colour TV to receive and thus no hope of reward for the invention.Because a patent remains permanently public after it has terminated, the shelves of the library attached to the patent office contain details of literally millions of ideas that are free for anyone to use and, if older than half a century, sometimes even re-patent. Indeed, patent experts often advise anyone wishing to avoid the high cost of conducting a search through live patents that the one sure way of avoiding violation of any other inventor’s right is to plagiarize a dead patent. Likewise, because publication of an idea in any other form permanently invalidates further patents on that idea, it is traditionally safe to take ideas from other areas of print. Much modern technological advance is based on these presumptions of legal security.Anyone closely involved in patents and inventions soon learns that most “new” ideas are, in fact, as old as the hills. It is their reduction to commercial practice, either through necessity or dedication, or through the availability of new technology, that makes news and money. The basic patent for the theory of magnetic recording dates back to 1886. Many of the original ideas behind television originate from the late 19th and early 20th century. Even the Volkswagen rear engine car was anticipated by a 1904 patent for a cart with the horse at the rear.41. The passage is mainly about ________.[A] an approach to patents[B] the application for patents[C] the use of patents[D] the access to patents42. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?[A] When a patent becomes out of effect, it can be re-patented or extendedif necessary.[B] It is necessary for an inventor to apply for a patent before he makes hisinvention public.[C] A patent holder must publicize the details of his invention when its legalperiod is over.[D] One can get all the details of a patented invention from a library attachedto the patent office.43. George Valensi’s patent lasted until 1971 because ________.[A] nobody would offer any reward for his patent prior to that time[B] his patent could not be put to use for an unusually long time[C] there were not enough TV stations to provide colour programmes[D] the colour TV receiver was not available until that time44. The word “plagiarize” (L ine 8, Para. 5) most probably means “________.”[A] steal and use[B] give reward to[C] make public[D] take and change45. From the passage we learn that ________.[A] an invention will not benefit the inventor unless it is reduced tocommercial practice[B] products are actually inventions which were made a long time ago[C] it is much cheaper to buy an old patent than a new one[D] patent experts often recommend patents to others by conducting a searchthrough dead patentsSection III Cloze TestFor each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (15 points)Although interior design has existed since the beginning of architecture, its development into a specialized field is really quite recent. Interior designershave become important partly because of the many functions that might be 46in a single large building.The importance of interior design becomes 47 when we realize how muchtime we 48 surrounded by four walls. Whenever we need to be indoors, we want our surroundings to be 49 attractive and comfortable as possible. We also expect 50 place to be appropriate to its use. You would be 51 if the inside of your bedroom were suddenly changed to look 52 the inside of a restaurant. And you wouldn’t feel 53 in a business office that has theappearance of a school.It soon becomes clear that the interior designer’s most important basic54 is the function of the particular 55. For example, a theater with poor sight lines, poor sound-shaping qualities, and 56 few entries and exits will not work for 57 purpose, no matter how beautifully it might be 58. Nevertheless, for any kind of space, the designer has to make many of the same kind of 59. He or she must coordinate the shapes, lighting and decoration of everything from ceiling to floor. 60 addition, the designer must usuallyselect furniture or design built-in furniture, according to the functions that need to be served.46. [A] consisted[B] contained[C] composed[D] comprised47. [A] obscure[B] attractive[C] appropriate[D] evident48. [A] spend[B] require[C] settle[D] retain49. [A] so[B] as[C] thus[D] such50. [A] some[B] any[C] this[D] each51. [A] amused[B] interested[C] shocked[D] frightened52. [A] like[B] for[C] at[D] into53. [A] correct[B] proper[C] right[D] suitable54. [A] care[B] concern[C] attention[D] intention55. [A] circumstance[B] environment[C] surroundings[D] space56. [A] too[B] quite[C] a[D] far 57. [A] their[B] its [C] those [D] that 58. [A] painted[B] covered [C] ornamented [D] decorated 59. [A] solutions[B] conclusions [C] decisions [D] determinations 60. [A] For[B] In [C] As [D] WithSection IV Error-detection and CorrectionEach of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. Then, without altering the meaning of the sentence, write down your correction on the line on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)EXAMPLE:A number of A foreign visitors were takenB to the industrial exhibition which Cthey saw Dmany new products. Answer [C] is wrong because the sentence should read, “A number of foreign visitors were taken to the industrial exhibition where they saw many new products.” So you should choose [C] and write the correction “where ” on the line.Sample Answer[A] [B] [●] [D] where61. He cannot tell the difference between true A praise and flattering Bstatementsmaking C only to gain Dhis favor.62. They want to expose those educational Adisadvantaged students to creative,enriching B educational experiences C for a five-year Dperiod.63. The changes that took A place in air travel during Bthe last sixty yearswould have seemed C completely impossible to even the most brilliant scientistsat Dthe turn of the 19th century. 64. I don ’t think it A advisable that he will be assigned Bto the job since he hasno C experience whatsoever D.65. Beethoven, the great musician, wrote Anine symphonies in his life, most of themwere written B after he had lost C his hearing D.66. Mr. Jankin regretted to blame A his secretary for B the mistake, for Che laterdiscovered Dit was his own fault.67. As for A the influence of computerization, nowhere we have seen Bthe resultsmore clearly than in the U.S.C , which really have surprised D us all.68. At times A , more care goes into Bthe composition of newspaper and magazineadvertisements than the writing C of features Dand editorials.69. It is required by law that a husband have to pay A the debts of his wife until Bformal notice is given that C he no longer has to pay her D.70. Over A the years, a large number of overseas students have studied Bat thatuniversity in the result C that it has D acquired substantial experience indealing with them.Section V English-Chinese TranslationRead the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentencesinto Chinese. (15 points)(71) The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind; it is simply the mode by which all phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanation. There is no more difference, but there is just the same kind of difference, between the mental operations of a man of science and those of an ordinary person, as there is between the operations and methods of a baker or of a butcher weighing out his goods in common scales, and the operations of a chemist in performing a difficult and complex analysis by means of his balance and finely graded weights. (72) It is not that the scales in the one case, and the balance in the other, differ in the principles of their construction or manner of working; but that the latter is a much finer apparatus and of course much more accurate in its measurement than the former.You will understand this better, perhaps, if I give you some familiar examples. (73) You have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction (归纳法) and deduction, that by the help of these operations, they, in a sort of sense, manage to extract from Nature certain natural laws, and that out of these, by some special skill of their own, they build up their theories. (74) And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training. To hear all these large words, you would think that the mind of a man of science must be constituted differently from that of his fellow men; but if you will not be frightened by terms, you will discover that you are quite wrong, and that all these terrible apparatus are being used by yourselves every day and every hour of your lives.There is a well-known incident in one of Mol iere’s plays, where the author makes the hero express unbounded delight on being told that he had been talking prose (散文) during the whole of his life. In the same way, I trust that you will take comfort, and be delighted with yourselves, on the discovery that you have been acting on the principles of inductive and deductive philosophy during the same period. (75) Probably there is not one here who has not in the course of the day had occasion to set in motion a complex train of reasoning, of the very same kind,though differing in degree, as that which a scientific man goes through in tracing the causes of natural phenomena.Section VI WritingDirections:[A] Title: ADVERTISEMENT ON TV[B] Time limit: 40 minutes[C] Word limit: 120-150 words (not including the given opening sentence)[D] Your composition should be based on the OUTLINE below and should startwith the given opening sentence: “Today more and more advertisement s areseen on the TV screen.”[E] Your composition must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)OUTLINE:1. Present state2. Reasons3. My comments1993年考研英语真题答案Section I: Structure and Vocabulary (15 points)Section II: Reading Comprehension (30 points)Section III: Cloze Test (15 points)Section IV: Error-detection and Correction (10 points)Section V: English-Chinese Translation (15 points)71. 科学研究的方法不过是人类思维活动的必要表达方式，也就是对一切现象进行思索并给以精确而严谨解释的表达方式。

1993年试题与分析Section ⅠUse of EnglishAlthough interior design has existed since the beginning of architecture, its development into a specialized field is really quite recent. Interior designers have become important partly because of the many functions that might be ___1___in a single large building.The importance of interior design becomes 2 when we realize how much time we __3_ surrounded by four walls. Whenever we need to be indoors, we want our surroundings to be _ 4 attractive and comfortable as possible. We also expect 5 place to be appropriate to its use. You would be 6 if the inside of your bedroom were suddenly changed to look 7 the inside of a restaurant. And you wouldn’t feel 8 in a business office that has the appearance of a school.It soon beco mes clear that the interior designer’s most important basic 9 is the function of the particular 10 . For example, a theater with poor sight lines, poor sound-shaping qualities, and 11 few entries and exits will not work for 12 purpose, no matter how beautifully it might be 13 . Nevertheless, for any kind of space, the designer has to make many of the same kind of 14 _. He or she must coordinate the shapes, lighting and decoration of everything from ceiling to floor. 15 _addition, the designer must usually select furniture or design built-in furniture, according to the functions that need to be served1. [A] consisted [B] contained [C] composed [D] comprised2. [A] obscure [B] attractive [C] appropriate [D] evident3. [A] spend [B] require [C] settle [D] retain4. [A] so [B] as [C] thus [D] such5. [A] some [B] any [C] this [D] each6. [A] amused [B] interested [C] shocked [D] frightened7. [A] like [B] for [C] at [D] into8. [A] correct [B] proper [C] right [D] suitable9. [A] care [B] concern [C] attention [D] intention10. [A] circumstance [B] environment [C] surroundings [D] space11. [A] too [B] quite [C] a [D] far12. [A] their [B] its [C] those [D] that13. [A] painted [B] covered [C] ornamented [D] decorated14. [A] solutions [B] conclusions [C] decisions [D] determinations15. [A] For [B] In [C] As [D] with一、文章大意首先指出室内设计发展成一个专门领域的时间不长，但却已经很重要。

1993年考研英语真题精解精析1993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题按照《1993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语考试大纲（非英语专业）》要求命制，体现了《大纲》的考核目标、形式和内容。

1993年试题题型与1992年相比，题型相同，难度维持在一个水平线上。

Section ⅠCloze Test【文章综述】本文首先指出室内设计发展成一个专门领域的时间不长，但却已经很重要。

接着分析原因：一是建筑物往往具有很多功能；二是人们大部分时间是在室内度过，因此希望其环境舒适宜人。

最后介绍室内设计者关注的基本问题是室内空间的功能。

【英汉对照】Although interior design has existed since thebeginning of architecture, its development into aspecialized field is really quite recent. Interior designershave become important partly because of the manyfunctions that might be 46 in a single large building.The importance of interior design becomes 47when we realize how much time we 48 surrounded byfour walls. Whenever we need to be indoors, we wantour surroundings to be 49 attractive and comfortable aspossible. We also expect 50 place to be appropriate toits use. You would be 51 if the inside of yourbedroom were suddenly changed to look 52 the insideof a restaurant. And you wouldn’t feel 53 in abusiness office that has the appearance of a school.It soon becomes clear that the interior designer’smost important basic 54 is the function of the particular 55. For example, a theater with poor sight lines, poorsound-shaping qualities, and 56 few entries and exitswill not work for 57 purpose, no matter howbeautifully it might be 58. Nevertheless, for any kindof space, the designer has to make many of the samekind of 59. He or she must coordinate the shapes,lighting and decoration of everything from ceiling tofloor. 60 addition, the designer must usually selectfurniture or design built-in furniture, according to thefunctions that need to be served.尽管室内设计自建筑业出现之初业已存在，但它发展成为一个专门的领域的历史却不长。

答案解析1.［答案］D［注释］句中it是形式宾语，urgent是形容词，作宾补，that从句是宾语从句。

与urgent有关的从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟语气，形式是(should)+动词原形。

类似的形容词有：advisable,appropriate,desirable,essential,important,imperative,necessary,possible,probable,strange,natural,preferable,vital等。

2.［答案］C［注释］is reported后可接不定式作主语补足语，不接现在分词或动名词，所以首先排除［B］，［D］。

句中有twenty five years ago这一状语，表明不定式的动作是已经发生了的动作，所以应该用不定式的完成式。

3.［答案］C［注释］that引导的从句是demands的定语从句。

主句中谓语动词用了一般过去时listened;时间状语中的谓语read也是一般过去时，所以根据意思，定语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成进行时。

有不少考生选择［B］，那是错误地认为that从句是宾语从句，他们认为从句中的动词是省略了should的虚拟语气。

4.［答案］C［注释］动词escape后要接动名词作宾语，不用不定式，［A］，［B］可以首先排除。

因为escapes 前面有状语always修饰，所以用动名词的一般式，being fined是动名词一般式的被动式。

5.［答案］B［注释］predominantly 是“主要地”。

［A］previously 是“原先，以前”；［C］practically 是“实际上”；［D］permanently 是“永久地，永远地”。

6.［答案］D［注释］how是连接副词，引导宾语从句。

how后的what是关系代词型的what=the thing which。

what you have observed是宾语从句中的主语从句。

1993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section ⅠUse of EnglishAlthough interior design has existed since the beginning of architecture, its development into a specialized field is really quite recent. Interior designers have become important partly because of the many functions that might be ___1___in a single large building.The importance of interior design becomes 2 when we realize how much time we __3_ surrounded by four walls. Whenever we need to be indoors, we want our surroundings to be _ 4 attractive and comfortable as possible. We also expect 5 place to be appropriate to its use. You would be 6 if the inside of your bedroom were suddenly changed to look 7 the inside of a restaurant. And you wouldn’t feel 8 in a business office that has the appearance of a school.It soon becomes clear that the interior designer’s most important basic 9 is the function of the particular 10 . For example, a theater with poor sight lines, poor sound-shaping qualities, and 11 few entries and exits will not work for 12 purpose, no matter how beautifully it might be 13 . Nevertheless, for any kind of space, the designer has to make many of the same kind of 14 _. He or she must coordinate the shapes, lighting and decoration of everything from ceiling to floor. 15 _addition, the designer must usually select furniture or design built-in furniture, according to the functions that need to be served1. [A] consisted [B] contained [C] composed [D] comprised2. [A] obscure [B] attractive [C] appropriate [D] evident3. [A] spend [B] require [C] settle [D] retain4. [A] so [B] as [C] thus [D] such5. [A] some [B] any [C] this [D] each6. [A] amused [B] interested [C] shocked [D] frightened7. [A] like [B] for [C] at [D] into8. [A] correct [B] proper [C] right [D] suitable9. [A] care [B] concern [C] attention [D] intention10. [A] circumstance [B] environment [C] surroundings [D] space11. [A] too [B] quite [C] a [D] far12. [A] their [B] its [C] those [D] that13. [A] painted [B] covered [C] ornamented [D] decorated14. [A] solutions [B] conclusions [C] decisions [D] determinations15. [A] For [B] In [C] As [D] with文章大意首先指出室内设计发展成一个专门领域的时间不长，但却已经很重要。

1993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题SectionⅠUse of EnglishAlthough interior design has existed since the beginning of architecture,its development into a specialized field is really quite recent.Interior designers have become important partly because of the many functions that might be___1___in a single large building.The importance of interior design becomes2when we realize how much time we__3_surrounded by four walls.Whenever we need to be indoors,we want our surroundings to be_4attractive and comfortable as possible.We also expect5place to be appropriate to its use.You would be6if the inside of your bedroom were suddenly changed to look7the inside of a restaurant.And you wouldn’t feel8in a business office that has the appearance of a school.It soon becomes clear that the interior designer’s most important basic9is the function of the particular 10.For example,a theater with poor sight lines,poor sound-shaping qualities,and11few entries and exits will not work for12purpose,no matter how beautifully it might be13.Nevertheless,for any kind of space,the designer has to make many of the same kind of14_.He or she must coordinate the shapes,lighting and decoration of everything from ceiling to floor.15_addition,the designer must usually select furniture or design built-in furniture,according to the functions that need to be served1.[A]consisted[B]contained[C]composed[D]comprised2.[A]obscure[B]attractive[C]appropriate[D]evident3.[A]spend[B]require[C]settle[D]retain4.[A]so[B]as[C]thus[D]such5.[A]some[B]any[C]this[D]each6.[A]amused[B]interested[C]shocked[D]frightened7.[A]like[B]for[C]at[D]into8.[A]correct[B]proper[C]right[D]suitable9.[A]care[B]concern[C]attention[D]intention10.[A]circumstance[B]environment[C]surroundings[D]space11.[A]too[B]quite[C]a[D]far12.[A]their[B]its[C]those[D]that13.[A]painted[B]covered[C]ornamented[D]decorated14.[A]solutions[B]conclusions[C]decisions[D]determinations15.[A]For[B]In[C]As[D]withSectionⅡReading ComprehensionPassage1Is language,like food,a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life can be starved and damaged?Judging from the drastic experiment of FrederickⅠin the thirteenth century,it may be.Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue,he told the nurses to keep silent.All the infants died before the first year.But clearly there was more than lack of language here.What wasmissing was good mothering.Without good mothering,in the first year of life especially,the capacity to survive is seriously affected.Today no such severe lack exists as that ordered by Frederick.Nevertheless,some children are still backward in speaking.Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the infant,whose brain is programmed to learn language rapidly.If these sensitive periods are neglected,the ideal time for acquiring skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again.A bird learns to sing and to fly rapidly at the right time,but the process is slow and hard once the critical stage has passed.Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at a constant age,but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ.At twelve weeks a baby smiles and makes vowel-like sounds;at twelve months he can speak simple words and understand simple commands;at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to fifty words.At three he knows about l,000words which he can put into sentences,and at four his language differs from that of his parents in style rather than grammar.Recent evidence suggests that an infant is born with the capacity to speak.What is special about man’s brain, compared with that of the monkey,is the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of,say, a toy-bear with the sound pattern“toy-bear”.And even more incredible is the young brain’s ability to pick out an order in language from the mixture of sound around him,to analyze,to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways.But speech has to be induced,and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child,where the mother recognizes the signals in the child’s babbling(咿呀学语),grasping and smiling,and responds to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls the interaction because the child gets discouraged and sends out only the obvious signals.Sensitivity to the child’s non-verbal signals is essential to the growth and development of language.16.The purpose of FrederickⅠ’s experiment was__[A]to prove that children are born with the ability to speak[B]to discover what language a child would speak without hearing any human speech[C]to find out what role careful nursing would play in teaching a child to speak[D]to prove that a child could be damaged without learning a language17.The reason some children are backward in speaking is most probably that__[A]they are incapable of learning language rapidly[B]they are exposed to too much language at once[C]their mothers respond inadequately to their attempts to speak[D]their mothers are not intelligent enough to help them18.What is exceptionally remarkable about a child is that[A]he is born with the capacity to speak[B]he has a brain more complex than an animal’s[C]he can produce his own sentences[D]he owes his speech ability to good nursing19.Which of the following can NOT be inferred from the passage?[A]The faculty of speech is inborn in man.[B]Encouragement is anything but essential to a child in language learning.[C]The child’s brain is highly selective.[D]Most children learn their language in definite stages.20.If a child starts to speak later than others,he will[A]have a high IQ[B]be less intelligent[C]be insensitive to verbal signals[D]not necessarily be backwardPassage2In general,our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic(官僚主义的)management in which man becomes a small,well-oiled cog in the machinery.The oiling is done with higher wages,well-ventilated factories and piped music,and by psychologists and“human-relations”experts;yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless,that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it.In fact,the blue-and the white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.The worker and employee are anxious,not only because they might find themselves out of a job;they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life.They live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings.Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious.Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates.They are even more insecure in some respects.They are in a highly competitive race.To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect.When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the tight mixture of submissiveness and independence.From that moment on they are tested again and again by the psychologists,for whom testing is a big business,and by their superiors,who judge their behavior,sociability,capacity to get along,etc.This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than one’s fellow competitor creates constant anxiety and stress,the very causes of unhappiness and illness.Am I suggesting that we should return to the pre-industrial mode of production or to nineteenth-century“free enterprise”capitalism?Certainly not.Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown.I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialitie s—those of love and of reaso n—are the aims of all social arrangements.Production and consumption should serve only as means to this end,and should be prevented from ruling man.21.By“a well-oiled cog in the machinery”the author intends to render the idea that man is[A]a necessary part of the society though each individual’s function is negligible[B]working in complete harmony with the rest of the society[C]an unimportant part in comparison with the rest of the society,though functioning smoothly[D]a humble component of the society,especially when working smoothly22.The real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that[A]they are likely to lose their jobs[B]they have no genuine satisfaction or interest in life[C]they are faced with the fundamental realities of human existence[D]they are deprived of their individuality and independence23.From the passage we can infer that real happiness of life belongs to those[A]who are at the bottom of the society[B]who are higher up in their social status[C]who prove better than their fellow-competitors[D]who could keep far away from this competitive world24.To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should[A]resort to the production mode of our ancestors[B]offer higher wages to the workers and employees[C]enable man to fully develop his potentialities[D]take the fundamental realities for granted25.The author’s attitude towards industrialism might best be summarized as one of__[A]approval[B]dissatisfaction[C]suspicion[D]tolerance下一站考研主要经营:【1】公共课全程视频【2】上百门专业课视频【3】各种考研书籍【4】全国500所院校专业课真题与解析（下一站考研网QQ号：3116711802）Passage3When an invention is made,the inventor has three possible courses of action open to him:he can give the invention to the world by publishing it,keep the idea secret,or patent it.A granted patent is the result of a bargain struck between an inventor and the state,by which the inventor gets a limited period of monopoly(垄断)and publishes full details of his invention to the public after that period terminates.Only in the most exceptional circumstances is the lifespan of a patent extended to alter this normal process of events.The longest extension ever granted was to Georges Valensi;his1939patent for color TV receiver circuitry was extended until1971because for most of the patent’s normal life there was no color TV to receive and thus no hope of reward for the invention.Because a patent remains permanently public after it has terminated,the shelves of the library attached to the patent office contain details of literally millions of ideas that are free for anyone to use and,if older than half a century,sometimes even re-patent.Indeed,patent experts often advise anyone wishing to avoid the high cost of conducting a search through live patents that the one sure way of avoiding violation of any other inventor’s right is to plagiarize a dead patent.Likewise,because publication of an idea in any other form permanently invalidates further patents on that idea,it is traditionally safe to take ideas from other areas of print.Much modern technological advance is based on these presumptions of legal security.Anyone closely involved in patents and inventions soon learns that most“new ideas”are,in fact,as old as the hills.It is their reduction to commercial practice,either through necessity or dedication,or through the availability of new technology,that makes news and money.The basic patent for the theory of magnetic recording dates back to 1886.Many of the original ideas behind television originate from the late19th and early20th century.Even the Volkswagen rear engine car was anticipated by a1904patent for a cart with the horse at the rear.26.The passage is mainly about[A]an approach to patents[B]the application for patents[C]the use of patents[D]the access to patents27.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?[A]When a patent becomes out of effect,it can be re-patented or extended if necessary.[B]It is necessary for an inventor to apply for a patent before he makes his invention publc.[C]A patent holder must publicize the details of his invention when its legal period is over.[D]One can get all the details of a patented invention from a library attached to the patent office.28.George Valensi’s patent lasted until1971because[A]nobody would offer any reward for his patent prior to that time[B]his patent could not be put to use for an unusually long time[C]there were not enough TV stations to provide color programmes[D]the color TV receiver was not available until that time29.The word“plagiarize”(line8,Para.5)most probably means“_”.[A]steal and use[B]give reward to[C]make public[D]take and change30.From the passage we learn that[A]an invention will not benefit the inventor unless it is reduced to commercial practice[B]products are actually inventions which were made a long time ago[C]it is much cheaper to buy an old patent than a new one[D]patent experts often recommend patents to others by conducting a search through dead patentsPartⅢEnglish-Chinese Translation(31)The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind;it is simply the mode by which all phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanation.There is no more difference,but there is just the same kind of difference,between the mental operations of a man of science and those of an ordinary person,as there is between the operations and methods of a baker or of a butcher weighing out his goods in common scales,and the operations of a chemist in performing a difficult and complex analysis by means of his balance and finely graded weights.(32)It is not that the scales in the one case,and the balance in the other,differ in the principles of their construction or manner of working;but that the latter is a much finer apparatus and of course much more accurate in its measurement than the former.You will understand this better,perhaps,if I give you some familiar examples.(33)You have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction(归纳法)and deduction,that by the help of these operations,they,in a sort of sense,manage to extract from Nature certain natural laws,and that out of these,by some special skill of their own,they build up their theories.(34)And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes,and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.To hear all these large words,you would think that the mind of a man of science must be constituted differently from that of his fellow men;but if you will not be frightened by terms,you will discover that you are quite wrong,and that all these terrible apparatus are being used by yourselves every day and every hour of your lives.There is a well-known incident in one of Motiere’s plays,where the author makes the hero express unbounded delight on being told that he had been talking prose(散文)during the whole of his life.In the same way,I trust that you will take comfort,and be delighted with yourselves,on the discovery that you have been acting on the principles of inductive and deductive philosophy during the same period.(35)Probably there is not one here who has not in the course of the day had occasion to set in motion a complex train of reasoning,of the very same kind, though differing in degree,as that which a scientific man goes through in tracing the causes of natural phenomena.PartⅣWriting(15points)DIRECTIONS:A.Title:ADVERTISEMENT ON TVB.Time limit:40minutesC.Word limit:120-150words(not including the given opening sentence)D.Your composition should be based at the OUTLINE below and should start with the given opening sentence:“Today more and more advertisements are seen on the TV screen.”E.Your composition must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.OUTLINE:l.Present state2.Reasons。

1993年试题与分析Section ⅠUse of EnglishAlthough interior design has existed since the beginning of architecture, its development into a specialized field is really quite recent. Interior designers have become important partly because of the many functions that might be ___1___in a single large building.The importance of interior design becomes 2 when we realize how much time we __3_ surrounded by four walls. Whenever we need to be indoors, we want our surroundings to be _ 4 attractive and comfortable as possible. We also expect 5 place to be appropriate to its use. You would be 6 if the inside of your bedroom were suddenly changed to look 7 the inside of a restaurant. And you wouldn’t feel 8 in a business office that has the appearance of a school.It soon becomes clear that the interior designer’s most important basic 9 is the function of the particular 10 . For example, a theater with poor sight lines, poor sound-shaping qualities, and 11 few entries and exits will not work for 12 purpose, no matter how beautifully it might be 13 . Nevertheless, for any kind of space, the designer has to make many of the same kind of 14 _. He or she must coordinate the shapes, lighting and decoration of everything from ceiling to floor. 15 _addition, the designer must usually select furniture or design built-in furniture, according to the functions that need to be served1. [A] consisted [B] contained [C] composed [D] comprised2. [A] obscure [B] attractive [C] appropriate [D] evident3. [A] spend [B] require [C] settle [D] retain4. [A] so [B] as [C] thus [D] such5. [A] some [B] any [C] this [D] each6. [A] amused [B] interested [C] shocked [D] frightened7. [A] like [B] for [C] at [D] into8. [A] correct [B] proper [C] right [D] suitable9. [A] care [B] concern [C] attention [D] intention10. [A] circumstance [B] environment [C] surroundings [D] space11. [A] too [B] quite [C] a [D] far12. [A] their [B] its [C] those [D] that13. [A] painted [B] covered [C] ornamented [D] decorated14. [A] solutions [B] conclusions [C] decisions [D] determinations15. [A] For [B] In [C] As [D] with一、文章大意首先指出室内设计发展成一个专门领域的时间不长，但却已经很重要。

1. The board deemed it urgent that these files ____ right away.A. had to be printedB. should have been printedC. must be printedD. should be printed2. The local health organization is reported ____ twenty-five years ago when Dr. Audon became its first president.A. to be set upB. being set upC. to have been set upD. having been set up3. The school board listened quietly as John read the demands that his followers _____ for.A. be demonstratingB. demonstrateC. had been demonstratingD. have demonstrated4. Ted had told me that he always escapes ____ as he has got a very fast sport car.A. to fineB. to be finedC. being finedD. having been fined5. More than one third of the Chinese in the United States live in California, _____ in San Francisco.A. previouslyB. predominantlyC. practicallyD. permanently6. Prof. Lee's book will show you ___ can be used in other contexts.A. that you have observedB. that how you have observedC. how that you have observedD. how what you have obs4erved7. All fights ______ because of the snowstorm, we decided to take the train.A. were canceledB. had been canceledC. having canceledD. having been canceled8. The new secretary has written a remarkably ____ report only in a few pages but with all the details.A. conciseB. clearC. preciseD. elaborate9. With prices ___ so much, it's hard for the company to plan a budget.A. fluctuatingB. wavingC. swingingD. vibrating10. Expert say walking is one of the best ways for a person to ___ healthy.A. preserveB. stayC. maintainD. reserve11. Expected noises are usually more ___ than unexpected ones of the like magnitude.A. manageableB. controllableC. tolerableD. perceivable12. It isn't so much whether he works hard; the question is whether he works ___.A. above allB. in allC. at allD. after all13. There is an incorrect assumption among scientists and medical people that everyone agrees ___ what constitutes a benefit to an individual.A. onB. withC. toD. in14. All the information we have collected in relation to that case ______ very little.A. makes up forB. adds up toC. comes up withD. puts up with15. A really powerful speaker can ____ the feelings of the audience to the fever of excitement.A. work outB. work overC. work atD. work up16. Before the students set off, they spent much time setting a limit ____ the expenses of the trip.A. toB. aboutC. inD. for17. According to the psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, wisdom comes form the ______ of maturity.A. fulfillmentB. achievementC. establishmentD. accomplishment18. From the tears in Nedra's eyes we can deduce that something sad ____.A. must have occurredB. would have occurredC. might be occurringD. should occur19. You can arrive in Beijing earlier for the meeting ____ you don't mind taking the night train.A. providedB. unlessC. thoughD. until20. Hardly a month goes by without ___ of another survey revealing new depths of scientific among U.S. citizens.A. wordsB. a wordC. the wordD. word21. If you ____ Jerry Brown until recently, you'd think the photograph on the right was strange.A. shouldn't contactB. didn't contactC. weren't to contactD. hadn't contacted22. Some teenagers harbor a generalized resentment against society, which ____ them the rights and privileges of adults, although physically they are mature.A. deprivesB. restrictsC. rejectsD. denies23. I must go now. ___ , if you want that book I'll bring it next time.A. IncidentallyB. AccidentallyC. OccasionallyD. Subsequently24. There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, _____ they can limit how much water you drink.A. much more thanB. no more thanC. no less thanD. any more than25. Though ___ in San Francisco, Dave Mitchell had always preferred to record , the plain facts of small-town life.A. raisedB. grownC. developedD. cultivated26. Most electronic devices of this kind, ____ manufactured for such purposes , are tightly packed.A. that areB. as areC. which isD. it is27. As for the winter, it is inconvenient to be cold, with most of ___ furnace fuel is allowed saved for the dawn.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. such28. Achieving a high degree of proficiency in English as a foreign language is not a mysterious ____ without scientific basic.A. processB. practiceC. procedureD. program29. We cannot always ____ the wind, so new windmills should be so designed that they can also be driven by water.A. hang onB. count on C, hold on D. come on30. The storm sweeping over this area now is sure to cause ____ of vegetables in the coming days.A. rarityB. scarcityC. invalidityD. varietyⅡ. Each of the passages below is followed by some quetions. For each question there are fouranswers marked A,B,C, and D. Read the passages carefully and choose the answer to each ofthe questions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the correspondingletter in the brackets. (30 points)1Is language, like food, a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of lifecan be starved and damaged? Judging from the drastic experiment of Frederick Ⅱ in the thir-teenth century, it may be. Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard nomother tongue, he told the nurses to keep silent.All the infants died before the first year. But clearly there was more than lack of languagehere. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the first year of lifeespecially, the capacity to survive is seriously affected.Today no such severe lack exists as that ordered by Frederick. Nevertheless, some childrenare still backward in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive tothe signals of the infant, whose brain is programmed to learn language rapidly. If these sensitiveperiods are neglected , the ideal time for acquiring skills passes and they might never be learned soeasily again. A bird learns to sing and to fly rapidly at the right time, but the process is slow andhard once the critical stage has passed.Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at a constant age, butthere are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventuaLly turns out to be of high IQ.At twelve weeks a baby smiles and makes vowel-like sounds; at twelve months he can speak sim-ple words and understand simple commands; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three tofifty words. At three he knows about l ,000 words which he can put into sentences, and at fourhis language differs from that of his parents in style rather than grammar.Recent evidence suggests that an infant is born with the capacity to speak. What is specialabout man's brain, compared with that of the monkey, if the complex system which enables achild to connect the sight and feel of, say, a toy-bear with the sound pattem "toy-bear" . Andeven more incredible is the young brain' s ability to pick out an order in language from the mixtureof sound around him, to analyse, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways.But speech has to be induced, and this depends on interaction between the mother and thechild , where the mother recognizes the signals in the child' s babbling ( 咿呀学语) , grasping andsmiling, and responds to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls the interactionbecause the child gets discouraged and sends out only the obvious signals. Sensitivity to thechild ' s non-verbal signals is essential to the growth and development of language.31 . The purpose of Frederick II's experiment was__A. to prove that children are born with the ability to speakB. to discover what language a child would speak without hearing any human speechC. to find out what role careful nursing would play in teaching a child to speakD. to prove that a child could be damaged without learning a language32. The reason some children are backward in speaking is most probably that__A. they are incapable of learning language rapidlyB. they are exposed to too much language at onceC. their mothers respond inadequately to their attempts to speakD. their mothers are not intelligent enough to help them33 . What is exceptionally remarkable about a child is thatA. he is born with the capacity to speakB. he has a brain more complex than an animal'sC. he can produce his own sentencesD. he owes his speech ability to good nursing34. Which of the fonowing can NOT be inferred from the passage?A. The faculty of speech is inborn in man.B. Encouragement is anything but essential to a child in language learning.C. The child' s brain is highly selective.D. Most children learn their language in definite stages.35. If a child starts to speak later than others, he willA. have a high IQB. be less intelligentC. be insensitive to verbal signalsD. not necessarily be backward2In general , our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic ( 官僚主义的)management in which man becomes a small , well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oilingis done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and"human-relations" experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become power-less, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. In fact ,the blue-and the white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of au-tomated machines and bureaucratic management .The worker and employee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of ajob; they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction o r i n t e r e s t i n b r b d s f i d = " 1 8 4 " > l i f e . T h e y l i v e a n d d i e w i t h o u t e v e r h a v i n g c o n f r o n t e d t h e f u n d a m e n t a l r e a l i t i e s o f h u m a n e x i s - b r b d s f i d = " 1 8 5 " > t e n c e a s e m o t i o n a l l y a n d i n t e l l e c t u a l l y i n d e p e n d e n t a n d p r o d u c t i v e h u m a n b e i n g s . b r b d s f i d = " 1 8 6 " > T h o s e h i g h e r u p o n t h e s o c i a l l a d d e r a r e n o l e s s a n x i o u s . T h e i r l i v e s a r e n o l e s s e m p t y t h a n b r b d s f i d = " 1 8 7 " > t h o s e o f t h e i r s u b o r d i n a t e s . T h e y a r e e v e n m o r e i n s e c u r e i n s o m e r e s p e c t s . T h e y a r e i n a h i g h l y b r b d s f i d = " 1 8 8 " > c o m p e t i t i v e r a c e . T o b e p r o m o t e d o r t o f a l l b e h i n d i s n o t a m a t t e r o f s a l a r y b u t e v e n m o r e a m a t t e r b r b d s f i d = " 1 8 9 " > o f s e l f - r e s p e c t . W h e n t h e y a p p l y f o r t h e i r f i r s t j o b , t h e y a r e t e s t e d f o r i n t e l l i g e n c e a s w e l l a s f o r b r b d s f i d = " 1 9 0 " > t h e t i g h t m i x t u r e o f s u b m i s s i v e n e s s a n d i n d e p e n d e n c e . F r o m t h a t m o m e n t o n t h e y a r e t e s t e d a - b r b d s f i d = " 1 9 1 " > g a i n a n d a g a i n - b y t h e p s y c h o l o g i s t s , f o r w h o m t e s t i n g i s a b i g b u s i n e s s , a n d b y t h e i r s u p e r i o r s , b r b d s f i d = " 1 9 2 " > w h o j u d g e t he i r b e h a v i o r , s o c i a b i l i t y , c a p a c i t y t o g e t a l o n g , e t c . T h i s c o n s t a n t n e e d t o p r o v e t h a t b r b d sf i d = " 1 9 3 " > o n e i s a sg o o d a s o r b e t t e r th a n o n e ' s f e l l o w - c o m p e ti t o r c r e a t e s c o n s t a n t a n x ie t y a n d s t r e s s , t h e b r b d sf i d = " 1 9 4 " > v e r y c a u s e s o f u n h a p p i n e s s a n d i l l n e s s . b r b d s f i d = " 19 5 " > A m I s u g g e s t i n g t h a t w e s h o u l d r e t u r n t o t h e p r e i n d u s t r i a l m o d e o f p r o d u c t i o n ' o r t o n i n e - b r b d s f i d = " 1 9 6 " > t e e n t h - c e n t u r y " f r e e e n t e r p r i s e " c a p i t a l i s m ? C e r t a i n l y n o t . P r o b l e m s a r e n e v e r s o l v e d b y r e t u r n i n g b r b d s f i d = " 1 9 7 " > t o a s t a g e w h i c h o n e h a s a l r e a d y o u t g r o w n . I s u g g e s t t r a n s f o r m i n g o u r s o c i a l s y s t e m f r o m a b u - b r b d s f i d = " 1 9 8 " > r e a u c r a t i c a l l y m a n a g e d i n d u s t r i a l i s m i n w h i c h m a x i m a l p r o d u c t i o n a n d c o n s u m p t i o n a r e e n d s i n b r b d s f i d = " 1 9 9 " > t h e m s e l v e s i n t o a h u m a n i s t i n d u s t r i a l i s m i n w h i c h m a n a n d f u l l d e v e l o p m e n t o f h i s p o t e n t i a l i t i e s - b r b d s f i d = " 2 0 0 " > t h o s e o f l o v e a n d o f r e a s o n - a r e t h e a i m s o f a l l s o c i a l a r r a n g e m e n t s . P r o d u c t i o n a n d c o n s u m p t i o n b r b d s f i d = " 2 0 1 " > s h o u l d s e r v e o n l y a s m e a n s t o t h i s e n d , a n d s h o u l d b e p r e v e n t e d f r o m r u l i n g m a n . b r b d s f i d = " 2 0 2 " > 3 6 . B y " a w e l l - o i l e d c o g i n t h e m a c h i n e r y " t h e a u t h o r i n t e n d s t o r e n d e r t h e i d e a t h a t m a n i s b r b d s f i d = " 2 0 3 " > A . a ne c e s s a r y p a r t of t h e s o c i e t y t h o ugh e a c hi n d i v i d u a l ' s f u n c t i o n i s n e g l i g i b l e b r b d s f i d = " 2 04 " > B . w o r k i n g i n c o m p l e t e h a r m o n y w i t h t h e r e s t o f t h e s o c i e t y b r b d s f i d = " 2 05 " > C . a n u n i m p o r t a n t p a r t i n c o m p a r i s o n w i t h t h e r e s t o f t h e s o c i e t y , t h o u g h f u n c t i o n i n g b r b d s f i d = " 2 06 " > s m o o t h l y b r b d s f i d = " 2 07 " > D . a h u m b l e c o m p o n e n t o f t h e s o c i e t y , e s p e c i a l l y w h e n w o r k i n g s m o o t h l y b r b d s f i d = " 2 08 " > 3 7 . T h e r e a l c a u s e o f t h e a n x i e t y o f t h e w o r k e r s a n d e m p l o y e e s i s t h a t b r b d s f i d = " 2 09 " > A . t h e y a r e l i k e l y t o l o s e t h e i r j o b s b r b d s f i d = " 2 1 0 " > B . t h e y h a v e n o g e n u i n e s a t i s f a c t i o n o r i n t e r e s t i n l i f e b r b d s f i d = " 2 1 1 " > C . t h e y a r e f a c e d w i t h t h e f u n d a m e n t a l r e a l i t i e s o f h u m a n e x i s t e n c e b r b d s f i d = " 2 1 2 " > D . t h e y a r e d e p r t v e d o f t h e i r i n d i v i d u a l i t y a n d i n d e p e n d e n c e b r b d s f i d = " 2 1 3 " > 3 8 . F r o m t h e p a s s a g e w e c a n i n f e r t h a t r e a l h a p p i n e s s o f l i f e b e l o n g s t o t h o s e b r b d s f i d = " 2 1 4 " > A . w h o a r e a t t h e b o t t o m o f t h e s o c i e t y b r b d s f i d = " 2 1 5 " > B . w h o a r e h i g h e r u p i n t h e i r s o c i a l s t a t u s b r b d s f i d = " 2 1 6 " > C . w h o p r o v e b e t t e r t h a n t h e i r f e l l o w - c o m p e t i t o r s b r b d s f i d = " 2 1 7 " > D . w h o c o u l d k e e p f a r a w a y f r o m t h i s c o m p e t i t i v e w o r l d b r b d s f i d = " 2 1 8 " > 3 9 . T o s o l v e t h e p r e s e n t s o c i a l p r o b l e m s t h e a u t h o r s u g g e s t s t h a t w e s h o u l d b r b d s f i d = " 2 1 9 " > A . r e s o r t t o t h e p r o d u c t i o n m o d e o f o u r a n c e s t o r s b r b d s f i d = " 2 2 0 " > B . o f f e r h i g h e r w a g e s t o t h e w o r k e r s a n d e m p l o y e e s b r b d s f i d = " 2 2 1 " > C . e n a b l e m a n t o f u l l y d e v e l o p h i s p o t e n t i a l i t i e s b r b d s f i d = " 2 2 2 " > D . t a k e t h e f u n d a m e n t a l r e a l i t i e s f o r g r a n t e d b r b d s f i d = " 2 2 3 " > 4 0 . T h e a u t h o r ' s a t t i t u d e t o w a r d s i n d u s t r i a l i s m m i g h t b e s tb e s u m m a r i z e d a s o n e o f _ _ b r b d s f i d = " 2 2 4 " > A . a p p r o v a l B . d i s s a t i s f ac t i o n b r bd s f i d = " 2 25 " > C . s u s p i c i o n D . t o l e r a n c e b r b d s f i d = " 2 26 " > 3 b r b d s f i d = " 2 27 " > W h e n a n i n v e n t i o n i s ma d e , t h e i n v e n t o r h a s t h r e e p o s s ib l ec o u r s e s o f a c t i o n o p e n t o h i m : h e b r bd s f i d = " 2 2 8 " > c a n g i ve t h e i n v e n t i o n t o t h e w o r l d b y p u b l i s h i n g i t , k e e p t h e i d e a s e c r e t , o r p a t e n t i t . b r b d sf i d = " 2 2 9 " > Ag r a n t e d p a t e n t i s th e r e s u l t o f a b a r g ai n s t r u c k b e t w e e n a n i n v e n t o r a n d t h e s t a t e , b y。

1993年试题与分析Section ⅠUse of EnglishAlthough interior design has existed since the beginning of architecture, its development intoa specialized field is really quite recent. Interior designers have become important partly becauseof the many functions that might be ___1___in a single large building.The importance of interior design becomes 2 when we realize how much time we __3_ surrounded by four walls. Whenever we need to be indoors, we want our surroundings tobe _ 4 attractive and comfortable as possible. We also expect 5 place to be appropriate to its use. You would be 6 if the inside of your bedroom were suddenly changed to look 7 the inside of a restaurant. And you wouldn’t feel 8 in a business office that has the appearance of a school.s most important basic 9 is the function It soon becomes clear that the interior designer’of the particular 10 . For example, a theater with poor sight lines, poor sound-shaping qualities, and 11 few entries and exits will not work for 12 purpose, no matter how beautifully it might be 13 . Nevertheless, for any kind of space, the designer has to make many of the same kind of 14 _. He or she must coordinate the shapes, lighting and decoration of everything from ceiling to floor. 15 _addition, the designer must usually select furniture or design built-in furniture, according to the functions that need to be served1. [A] consisted [B] contained [C] composed [D] comprised2. [A] obscure [B] attractive [C] appropriate [D] evident3. [A] spend [B] require [C] settle [D] retain4. [A] so [B] as [C] thus [D] such5. [A] some [B] any [C] this [D] each6. [A] amused [B] interested [C] shocked [D] frightened7. [A] like [B] for [C] at [D] into8. [A] correct [B] proper [C] right [D] suitable9. [A] care [B] concern [C] attention [D] intention10. [A] circumstance [B] environment [C] surroundings [D] space11. [A] too [B] quite [C] a [D] far12. [A] their [B] its [C] those [D] that13. [A] painted [B] covered [C] ornamented [D] decorated14. [A] solutions [B] conclusions [C] decisions [D] determinations15. [A] For [B] In [C] As [D] with一、文章大意首先指出室内设计发展成一个专门领域的时间不长，但却已经很重要。