(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结,推荐文档

（完整版）英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结英语中的虚拟语气是一种表示非事实或想象的语气，用来表达对现实情况的猜测、愿望、要求、建议、命令和反讽等。

虚拟语气主要通过动词的形式和句子的结构来表达。

一、虚拟语气的用法：1.表达建议、要求、命令、禁止：- 主语+动词原形+宾语（动词原形要用动词底形、如be）；- 主语+动词原形+that从句（用于表达建议、命令、禁止，动词原形用“should + 动词原形”或用情态动词）。

例句：- It is important that he be present at the meeting.（建议）- I suggest that he should go to the doctor.（建议）- They insisted that he leave the room immediately.（命令）2.表达愿望、请求、要求：-主语+动词过去式；- 主语+would/could/might + 动词原形；- 主语+动词过去式+宾语+should + 动词原形。

例句：- I wish I could fly.（愿望）- I would appreciate it if you could help me.（请求）3.表示虚拟条件：- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句用would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词；- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去时，主句用would/should/could + 动词原形。

例句：- If I had known his phone number, I would have called him.（虚拟条件）- If you had listened to me, we could have finished the project earlier.（虚拟条件）4.表达建议、要求、祝愿：- If only内部称述 + 主语 + 过去式。

高中英语虚拟语气语法总结（名师剖析必考语法知识点，值得下载背诵）虚拟语气1）概念虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。

2）在条件句中的应用条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。

非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。

真实条件句真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中if 是如果的意思。

[来源学科网]时态关系句型：条件从句主句一般现在时shall/will + 动词原形If he comes, he will bring his violin.典型例题[来源:]The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.A.will rainB. rainsC. rainedD. is rained答案B。

真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。

注意：1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will.(错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.(对) If you leave now, you will never regret it.2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。

非真实条件句1）时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。

它的基本特点是时态退后。

a.同现在事实相反的假设。

句型：条件从句主句一般过去时should( would) +动词原形If they were here, they would help you.b.表示于过去事实相反的假设。

句型：条件从句主句过去完成时should(would) have+ 过去分词If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going.If he had come yesterd ay, I should / would have told him about it.含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress.[来源学科网ZXXK]含义：He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress.c.表示对将来的假想句型：条件从句主句一般过去时should+ 动词原形were+ 不定式would + 动词原形should+ 动词原形If you succeeded, everything would be all right.If you should succeed, everything would be all right.If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.混合条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。

高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳以下是高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，表示假设、愿望、建议、命令、猜测等非真实的情况。

一、基本用法1. 与现在事实相反条件从句：If + 主语 + 动词过去式（be 动词用 were）主句：主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例句：If I were you, I would study harder. （如果我是你，我会更努力学习。

）Wouldn't life be boring if we had everything we wanted? （如果我们想要什么就有什么，生活岂不是很无聊？）2. 与过去事实相反条件从句：If + 主语 + had + 过去分词主句：主语 + would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词例句：If I had known your phone number, I would have called you. （如果我知道你的电话号码，我就给你打电话了。

）Couldn't you have done better if you had tried harder? （如果你再努力些，难道不能做得更好吗？）3. 与将来事实相反条件从句：① If + 主语 + 动词过去式② If + 主语 + were to + 动词原形③ If + 主语 + should + 动词原形主句：主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例句：If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home. （如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。

）If she were to come here tomorrow, I would be very happy. （如果她明天来这儿，我会非常高兴。

）If he should fail in the exam, how disappointed his parents would be!（要是他考试不及格，他父母该多失望啊！）二、固定搭配1. wish 后的宾语从句与现在事实相反：从句用一般过去时与过去事实相反：从句用过去完成时与将来事实相反：从句用 would/could + 动词原形例句：I wish I were as tall as you. （我希望我和你一样高。

①错综时间条件句：当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。

如：If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.②i f省略句在条件句中可以省略if,把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。

如:If I were at school again, I would study harder. T Were I at school aga in, I would study harder.如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力学习。

If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus.T Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus.如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。

If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climb ing.T Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。

③用介词代替条件状语从句常用的介词有with, without, but for。

如：What would you do with a million dollars ? (=if you had a million dollars) 如果你有100万元，你会做什么？We couldn 't have finished the work ahead of time without your help . （=if we hadn 'tgot your help）没有你的帮助，我们不可能提前完成这项工作。

虚拟语气虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。

一、if从句：（一）（二）错综时间的虚拟句：通常情况下,在条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间一致, 但有时也可能指不同的时间,这时主句和从句的动作不是发生在同一时间，其动词形式要根据时间而定。

1. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (从句指现在, 主句指过去)。

2. If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. (从句指过去,主句指现在)。

3. If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years, things wouldn’t be going so smoothly.（从句指过去，主句指现在）。

4. If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.（从句指过去，主句指现在）。

5. If we had not got everything ready by now, we should be having a more terrible time tomorrow. （从句指现在，主句指将来）（三）省略：If 从句中含有were, should, had时，可省略if并把were, should, had提前。

例如：Were I you, I wouldn’t quarrel with him.备注：注：would, should, could与might的选择：①一般常用would，如同在真实条件句中主句常要用will一样。

常译作“将、就会”。

如：If I knew him, I would ask him for help. 如果我认识他的话，我就会向他求助。

千里之行，始于足下。

最全虚拟语气用法总结-202X年学习资料
虚拟语气是表示假设、愿望、建议、命令等非事实的情况的一种语气形式。

下面是对虚拟语气用法的总结：
1.表示假设：
- 表示与现在事实相反的假设：
- 与过去事实相反：If + 过去完成时，主句使用 would/could/might + have + 过去分词。

- 与现在事实相反：If + 过去时，主句使用 would/could/might + 动
词原形。

- 与将来事实相反：If + 过去时，主句使用 would/could/might + 动
词原形。

- 表示将来事实的虚拟：
- If + 一般现在时，主句使用 will/would/may/might/can/could + 动词原形。

2.表示愿望、建议和要求：
- 愿望：
- I wish + (that) + 从句（过去时）。

- If only + 从句（过去时）。

- 建议和要求：
- 动词原形 + that + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形。

第1页/共2页
锲而不舍，金石可镂。

3.表示命令和建议：
- 命令：
- 动词原形 + that + 主语 + 动词原形。

- 建议：
- It is (high) time + 过去式 + (that) + 主语 + 过去式。

以上是对虚拟语气用法的简要总结。

在实际运用中，需要根据具体情况选择适当的虚拟语气形式来表达所需的意思。

英语虚拟语气的基本用法归纳（优秀9篇）虚拟语气的时态篇一一、过去式：if 从句：had done英语语法：虚拟语气的时态主句：情态动词(would，could，might，should)+have done英语语法：虚拟语气的时态二、现在式：if 从句：did/were英语语法：虚拟语气的时态主句：情态动词(would，could，might，should)+do英语语法：虚拟语气的时态三、将来时：if 从句：①should/shall do②were to do③did/were英语语法：虚拟语气的时态6主句：情态动词(would，could，might，should)+do虚拟语气专项练习题解析篇二1.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _____ the book from which it was made.A. have readB. had readC. should have readD. are reading2.You are late. If you _____ a few minutes earlier, you _____ him.A. come; would meetB. had come; would have metC. come; will meetD. had come; would meet3.The two students talked as if they _____ friends for years.A. should beB. would beC. have beenD. had been4.It is important that I _____ with Mr. Williams immediately.A. speakB. spokeC. will speakD. to speak5.He looked as if he _____ ill for a long time.A. wasB. WereC. has beenD. had been6.If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child would not _____.A. have laid there for two hoursB. have been lied there for two hoursC. have lied there for two hoursD. have lain there for two hours7.I wish that I _____ with you last night.A. wentB. could goC. have goneD. could have gone8.Let’s say you could go there again, how _____ feel?A. will youB. should youC. would youD. do you9.I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything.A. knewB. knowsC. has knownD. had known10._____ the fog, we should have reached our school.A. Because ofB. In spite ofC. In case ofD. But for11.If you had told me in advance, I _____ him at the airport.A. would meetB. would had metC. would have metD. would have meet12.Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he_____ me how.A. teachesB. will teachC. has taughtD. would teach13.I would have told him the answer, had it been possible, but I _____ so busy then.A. had beenB. wereC. wasD. would be14.He’s working hard for fear that he _____.A. should fall behindB. fell behindC. may fall behindD. would fallen behind15.If it _____ another ten minutes, the game would have been called off.A. had rainedB. would have rainedC. have seenD. rained16.He suggested that they _____ use a trick instead of fighting.A. shouldB. wouldC. doD. had17.My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _____ there.A. not wentB. won’t goC. not goD. not to go18.I would have gone to the meeting if I _____ time.A. had hadB. have hadC. hadD. would have had19.Would you rather I _____ buying a new bike?A. decided againstB. will decide againstC. have decidedD. shall decide against20.You look so tired tonight. It is time you _____.A. go to sleepB. went to sleepC. go to bedD. went to bed21、—Why didn’t you buy a new car?—I would have bought one if I _____ enough money.A. hadB. have hadC. would haveD. had had22.If she could sew, _____.A. she make a dressB. she would have made a shirtC. she will make a shirtD. she would had made a coat23._____ today, he would get there by Friday.A. Would he leaveB. Was he leavingC. Were he to leaveD. If he leaves24.His doctor suggested that he _____ a short trip abroad.A. will takeB. would takeC. takeD. took25.The Bakers arrived last night. If they’d only let us know earlier,_____ at the station.A. we’d meet themB. we’ll meet themC. we’d have met themD. we’ve met them26.If I _____ you, I _____ more attention to English idioms and phrases.A. was; shall payB. am; will payC. would be; would payD. were; would pay27.We might have failed if you _____ us a helping hand.A. have not givenB. would not giveC. had not givenD. did not give28.The law requires that everyone _____ his car checked at least once a year.A. hasB. hadC. haveD. will have29.It is strange that he _____ so.A. would sayB. would speakC. should sayD. will speak30.Had I known her name, _____A. or does she know mine?B. and where does she live?C. she would be beautiful.D. I would have invited her to lunch.31.He has just arrived, but he talks as if he _____ all about that.A. knowB. knowsC. knownD. knew32.If I _____ the money, I would have bought a much bigger car.A. possessedB. ownedC. hadD. had had33.He was very busy yesterday; otherwise, he _____ to the meeting.A. would comeB. cameC. would have comeD. will come34.The librarian insists that John _____ no more books from the library before he returns all the books he has borrowed.A. will takeB. tookC. takeD. takes35.I left very early last night, but I wish I _____ so early.A. didn’t leaveB. hadn’t leftC. haven’t leftD. couldn’t leave36.I do not have a job. I would find one but I _____ no time.A. hadB. didn’t haveC. had hadD. have37.I wish that you _____ such a bad headache because I’m sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.A. hadn’tB. didn’t have hadC. hadn’t hadD. hadn’t have38.He insisted that we all _____ in his office at one o’clock.A. beB. to beC. would beD. shall be39.Helen couldn’t go to France after all. That’s too bad. I’m sure she would have enjoyed it if _____.A. she’s goneB. she’ll goC. she’d goneD. she’d go答案：1—5 BBDAD 6—10 DDCAD11—15 CDCAA 16—20 ACAAD21—25 DBCCC 26—30 DCCCD31—35 DDCCB 36—39 DCAC解析：1.wish后面用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)if+主语+had+过去分词+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词+其他例：1.XXX,XXX如果我知道你要来，我就会准备些食物的。

（事实：我不知道）2.XXX,XXX.如果我当时研究更努力些，我就能通过考试了。

（事实：我没有用功研究）3、表示与将来事实相反的情况：if+主语+were/should+动词原形+其他+主语+would/could/might+动词原形+其他例：1.IfIwereyou,XXX.如果我是你，我不会那样做。

（将来：我不可能成为你）2.XXX,XXX.如果下雨了，带上这把伞。

（将来：不一定会下雨）1.If I had arrived earlier。

I would have been able to meet her。

(Fact: I arrived late)2.If he had XXX my advice。

he would not have made such a mistake。

(Fact: He didn't listen to me)3.If he were to come here tomorrow。

I would talk to him。

(Fact: It's XXX he will come)In expressing ns。

orders。

requests。

etc。

the subjunctive mood is often used in the object clause。

with the verb in the form of "should + infinitive," which can be omitted.Other uses of XXX:1.The subjunctive mood is used in the object clause after "wish" to express a XXX fact。

英语《虚拟语气》语法知识总结归纳虚拟语气（Subjunctive mood）是英语中一种特殊的语气形式，用于表示说话人的假设、愿望、建议、要求、命令等非真实情况。

虚拟语气在句子中通常与动词的调整和语法结构上的变化相关。

以下是对虚拟语气的语法知识的总结归纳：1.条件句中的虚拟语气：1.1 条件句中表示对现在的假设：使用虚拟语气的一般公式是：if + 主语 + 过去式，主句使用would/could/should/might + 动词原形。

例如：- If I were you, I would go to the meeting.（如果我是你，我会去开会。

）注意，这里的"were"是一个特殊的虚拟语气形式，用于所有人称和数。

- If she had studied harder, she might have passed the exam.（如果她努力学习，她可能会通过考试。

）1.2 条件句中表示对过去的假设：使用虚拟语气的一般公式是：if + 主语 + 过去完成时，主句使用would/could/should/might + have + 过去分词。

例如：- If I had known it, I would have told you.（如果我知道了，我会告诉你的。

）- If she had arrived earlier, she might have caught the bus.（如果她早点到，她可能会赶上公共汽车。

）2.虚拟条件句中的特殊情况：2.1 在虚拟条件句中表示命令、建议时，主句中的动词可以使用动词原形（而不是would/could/should/might + 动词原形）。

例如：- If you have any questions, please let me know.（如果你有任何问题，请告诉我。

）- If I were you, I would take a break.（如果我是你，我会休息一下。

虚拟语气语法归纳虚拟语气的使用主要体现在三个方面：虚拟条件句、虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用，以及虚拟语气的一些特殊用法。

虚拟条件句虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。

根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句及与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。

具体情况请看下表：例句：1.表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now，I would lend it to you.If I were you，I would go to tell him the real feeling upon him.If I were a boy, I would join the army.If the had time, she should go with you.2.表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice，he wouldn't have made such a bad mistake.She would have come to enjoy the party if she hadn't been very busy.If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.3.表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.If he were to be given another chance to do it again，he could certainly achieve more.If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.1.虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。

(word完满版)英语虚假语气语法归纳总结,文档虚假语气 :表示说的话不是事实，不可以能发生也许说可能性很小的情况，表达一种梦想、建议、假设。

一、条件状语从句中的用法从句谓语形式主句谓语形式现在were/ did would/could/should(+not)+ do过去had donewould/could/should/might(not)+ have done将来 1.were/did would/could/should/might2.should do(not)3.were to do+ do简单记法：if were/did, would doif had done, would have doneif were to do/should do, would do举例：If I were you, I would do nothing about it.If you had taken your teacher’ s advice, you wouldn’ t have made such a mistake.If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低 )，they wouldn’ t go shopping.附注：虚假语气，条件状从倒装状语从句中，去掉if,提前were/ had/ should如： If I were you, I would give up.→Were I you, I would give upIf you had taken the advice, you would have .→ Had you taken the advice, you would haveIf the world should come to an end,→ Should the world come to an end别的， without, but for, otherwise 构成的条件状语从句中，也有委宛的虚假语气But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today. (popularization 普及， publicity 宣传 )Without your help, I would have failed.We’ ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’〔tget表示a可seat能性.小〕但其实，高中英语考试也常考：错综虚假语气条件句即：假设条件状从发生的时间与所假设的谓语动词不一致，此时，主句和从句要依照各自的时间而定。

虚拟语气知识点总结
虚拟语气知识点总结
虚拟语气
一、虚拟语气的规则用法：
1主、从句都表示与过去事实相反：
从句的.谓语动词用：had + 动词过去分词;
主句的谓语动词用：情态动词 + have + 动词过去分词。

注意：能用于虚拟语气的情态动词只有四个：should, could, would, might.
使用哪一个情态动词要由句子含义决定，考试中出现最多的是could, would.
2 主、从句都表示与现在事实相反：
从句的谓语动词用：动词过去式(如果是be则只能用were)
主句的谓语动词用：情态动词 + 动词原形。

3 主、从句都表示与将来事实相反：
从句的谓语动词用：were to + 动词原形(重点)、should + 动词原形、动词过去式;
主句的谓语动词用：情态动词 + 动词原形。

二、虚拟语气的特殊应用：
1 would rather + 句子，这时句子谓语动词用一般过去时来体现虚拟语气。

2 if only 如果，要是...就好了，if only + 句子，这时句子一定要用虚拟语气。

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虚拟语气用法归纳英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。

不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。

一、虚拟条件句条件句有两类：一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句，谓语用陈述语气。

If you don 'work hard, you will fail.If it is fine tomorrow, we will go for a picnic.如果假设的情况过去、现在、将来都不存在，则为虚拟语气虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：1•与现在事实相反的虚拟What would you do if you won the lottery?If I were you, I would seize the cha nee to go abroad.If I had a lot of money no w, I would travel around the world.2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟If you had bee n here yesterday, you would have see n her.If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday.3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟If it were to rain/should rai n/rai ned tomorrow, our pla n would be put off.If we were to pic nic, we would not be able to help.二、错综、混合虚拟语气通常，在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式，从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的，如果两者时间不一致，此时就是混合型虚拟语气。

混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”，即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同，采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。

英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结[汇编]一、虚拟语气的概念及用法虚拟语气是一种描述不是真实的情况，通常用于假设、可能性、建议等情况的语气。

在英语中，虚拟语气有三种形式：虚拟条件句、虚拟语气从句和虚拟语气动词。

二、虚拟语气的用途1.表示假设、推测、可能性的情况如果她有时间，她会来参加聚会的。

If she had time, she would come to the party.2.表示建议、请求、要求的情况如果你不介意的话,请帮我们找个棚。

If you wouldn't mind, could you help us find a shed?3.表示命令、建议、意愿要是我有一个美好的家庭，我就很满足了。

If I had a happy family, I would be contented.三、虚拟语气的形式1.虚拟条件句If I were you, I would stay at home.要是我是你，我就呆在家里。

2.虚拟语气从句He suggested that the party start earlier.他建议把聚会时间提前。

3.虚拟语气动词- would/wouldn’tIf I had enough money, I would go on a world tour.如果我有足够的钱，我会去世界旅行。

- could/couldn’tIf we had a car, we could travel further.如果我们有一辆车，我们就可以旅行更远。

- should/shouldn’tIf you should see him, please tell him to call me.如果你见到他了，请告诉他给我打电话。

- might/might notIf he were here, he might help us.如果他在这里，他可能会帮我们。

- had/hadn’tIf they had known the truth, they wouldn’t have made that mistake.如果他们知道了真相，他们就不会犯那个错误。

英语虚拟语气语法总结虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）是英语中一种特殊的语气形式，用来表达非真实情况、假设情况、愿望、建议等。

虚拟语气需要根据上下文来区分，采用特定的动词形式。

以下是对英语虚拟语气的语法总结：一、假设与虚拟条件：1. 表示假设情况时，使用"if"引导从句，主句使用虚拟语气。

- If I were you, I would study harder.（如果我是你，我会更努力学习。

）- If you had told me earlier, I could have helped you.（如果你早告诉我，我本可以帮你。

）2. 当表示与现实相反的情况时，主句使用过去时的虚拟语气，从句使用过去完成时的虚拟语气。

- He wishes he were taller.（他希望自己长得更高。

）- I wish I hadn't eaten so much.（我希望我没吃那么多。

）3. 在嵌入式虚拟语气中，主句使用过去时的虚拟语气，从句使用过去完成时的虚拟语气。

- She suggested that he have a rest.（她建议他休息一下。

）- It is important that he be on time.（他准时到达很重要。

）二、愿望与建议：1. 表示愿望时，使用"would like"或"hope"，后接宾语从句。

- I would like you to come to my party.（我希望你来参加我的派对。

）- She hopes that the weather will be good tomorrow.（她希望明天天气会好。

）2. 表示建议时，使用"should"或"would rather"等，后接宾语从句。

- I suggest that you see a doctor.（我建议你去看医生。

虚拟语气语法总结笔记
虚拟语气是一种语法结构，在表示一种假设、愿望、建议、命令或怀疑等情况下使用。

它与现实情况相反，表达一种非真实或假设的情况。

虚拟语气在英语中有多种形式和用法，下面是一些常见的虚拟语气结构和用法的总结：
1. 虚拟条件句：
- 类型1：如果+主语+动词的过去式，主语+would/could/might+动词的原形。

- 类型2：如果+主语+动词的过去完成式，主语
+would/could/might+动词的原形。

- 类型3：如果+主语+had+动词的过去分词，主语
+would/could/might+have+动词的过去分词。

2. 虚拟语气与愿望：
- 表示对现在的虚拟愿望：主语+were/was to+动词的原形。

- 表示对过去的虚拟愿望：主语+had+动词的过去分词。

3. 虚拟语气与建议：
- 表示建议：主语+should+动词的原形。

- 表示命令：主语+动词的原形。

- 表示要求：主语+动词的原形。

4. 虚拟语气与怀疑：
- 表示怀疑：主语+动词的过去式。

虚拟语气在英语中用于正式的书面语、虚拟条件、假设情况、愿望、建议和怀疑等方面。

需要注意的是，虚拟语气的用法在口语和书面语中可能有所不同。

使用虚拟语气时，需要注意动词的时态和语态的变化。

总而言之，掌握虚拟语气的使用可以帮助我们更好地表达假设、愿望、建议、命令或怀疑等情况，使我们的语言更加丰富和灵活。