普通高中化学课程标准课程的基本理念（The basic idea of chemistry curriculum standard course in Senior High School）The basic idea of chemistry curriculum standard course in Senior High School1. based on the students to adapt to modern life and future development, focus on improving the scientific literacy of citizens in twenty-first Century, the construction of "knowledge and skills", "process and method", "emotional attitude and values" integration of the chemistry curriculum goal system.2., set up diversified chemistry curriculum modules, and strive to develop curriculum resources, expand the space for students to choose, to meet the needs of students' personality development.3., combined with the history of human exploration of material and its changes and the development trend of modern chemical science, to guide students to further study the basic ideas and basic methods of chemistry, and to form a scientific world outlook.4. students from the existing experience and will experience the social reality of life, closely related to help students understand the chemistry and human life, concerned with the chemical related social problems facing humanity, cultivating students' sense of social responsibility, sense of participation and decision-making ability.5. through a variety of research activities based on chemistry experiments, so that students can experience the process of scientific research, to stimulate interest in learning chemistry, strengthen the scientific research consciousness, promote the transformation of learning, to cultivate students' innovative spirit and practical ability in practice.6., under the background of human culture, construct chemistry curriculum system, understand the humanistic connotation of chemistry curriculum, and play the important role of chemistry curriculum in cultivating students' Humanistic spirit.7., actively promote students' self-evaluation, performance evaluation and other evaluation methods, pay attention to the development of students' personality, encourage every student to succeed.8., it provides a new platform for chemistry teachers to creatively carry out teaching and research". In the practice of curriculum reform, teachers should be guided to reflect and promote the professional development of teachers.Understanding the basic concepts of Compulsory Education Chemistry CourseThe basic concept of Compulsory Education Chemistry course:Let every student with a relaxed and happy mood to understand chemistry colorful and closely linked with human beings, and actively explore the mysteries of chemical change, a sustained interest in learning chemistry, enhance self-confidence tolearn chemistry.For each student to provide equal learning opportunities, so that they can adapt to the chemical knowledge, skills, methods and attitudes necessary for modern life and the future of society, to adapt to the necessary for future survival and development of scientific literacy, but also pay attention to the students of different levels can get good development on the basis of the original.Starting from the existing experience of students, let them feel the importance of chemistry in the familiar scenes of life, understand the close relationship between chemistry and life, gradually learn to analyze and solve some simple problems related to chemistry.Let the students have more chances to experience the process of knowledge, in the process of formation and practice to develop a scientific attitude, scientific method, and gradually form the consciousness and ability of lifelong learning in the "science" into practice.Enable the students to understand the chemical contribution to the development of human civilization, understanding of chemistry in the realization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, to promote the status and role of human and social sustainable development, for the realization of chemical believe that a better future for human beings will continue to play a major role in it.To provide diversified learning evaluation methods for eachstudent's development. It not only examines the degree of students' knowledge and skills, but also pays attention to the evaluation of students' scientific inquiry ability and practical ability, and also pays attention to the development of students' emotion, attitude and values. In the process of learning, strive to make more students learn to reflect and self-evaluation.-- from the "Full-time Compulsory Education Chemistry Curriculum Standards"Middle school chemistry curriculum idea:Pay attention to the needs of students' lifelong development and improve their scientific literacy.Chemistry curriculum should be based on students' development. On the basis of cultivating students' basic academic ability, we should pay attention to the cultivation of students' development ability and creative ability, so that students can adapt to social life and sustainable development. Therefore, the chemistry course should guide the students to understand the scientific process and understand the scientific methods,To understand the relationship between science, technology and society, to understand the relationship between man and nature, to study scientific thought, to develop scientific spirit and to form a scientific statePay attention to the needs of students' personality development and provide optional courses.To all the students, respect and develop students' personality, respect for the needs of different students, facing the differences of students, in a variety of ways to increase optional courses, for each student to provide equal, choice of learning opportunities, to meet the various needs of students' development.Pay attention to the needs of students to adapt to the development of the times, select the content of the course.Pay attention to the existing experience of students, starting from the actual life of students familiar with, let students feel the close relationship between chemistry and daily life, and further understand the social problems related to chemistry, so that they apply what they have learned. Chemistry curriculum should overcome the closure of the traditional course, pay attention to the new development, reflect the characteristics of modern chemistry chemical science; internal relations with other disciplines of chemistry, humanistic spirit; pay attention to occupation orientation of chemistry education.Pay attention to students' learning process, and advocate diverse learning methods.We should take the students as the main body, improve the structure of students' learning activities, and let the students develop vividly and actively. Should pay attention to the development process of chemical science, let the students know how to obtain scientific knowledge, learning to participate in scientific practice, the acquisition andapplication of chemical knowledge; to strengthen the practice and experimental teaching, pay attention to practice, to cultivate students' practical ability. By changing the teaching methods and learning methods, increase students' feelings and experience of scientific inquiry and other activities.Pay attention to students' learning performance and develop diversified evaluation methods.To pay attention to the development of law and the physical and psychological characteristics of the students, provide the opportunity to participate in the whole process of teaching for all students and the environment, enable the students to participate in their own strengths to feel the teaching experience, as long as their commitment, and cooperate with others, there will be new discoveries and new improvement, it is possible to succeed and to share the joy of success with others. To evaluate as an important part of learning, we should strengthen the incentive mechanism of teaching evaluation, and create a comprehensive and diversified learning evaluation corresponding to curriculum objectives and learning activities.Excerpt from "Shanghai middle school chemistry curriculum standard"The ideal of education is for all people,Whether it's urban or rural,Rich and poor, clever or stupid;The ideal of education is for all of man, whether moral or personality,Physiological or psychological, intellectual or emotional?.-- from the education of ideals and ideals of EducationAuthor: unknown article source: Chemistry studio click number: 1711 update time: 2007-1-15[instructions]The basic idea of curriculum is the understanding of curriculum, which embodies the value orientation of curriculum, the cultural view of curriculum and the design concept of curriculum. The national compulsory education curriculum concept mainly includes five aspects, namely "for all students", "the comprehensive development of students" and "outstanding students" differences "and" improve scientific literacy "and" advocating inquiry learning". Among them, "for all students" is the concrete manifestation of "curriculum value orientation" all-round development; "the all-round development of students", "outstanding student difference" is the basic requirement of quality education; "advocating inquiry learning" is the most important content and ideas in chemistry curriculum standards "to improve the scientific literacy; is the ultimate goal of chemical education. The internal logic of the above five aspects of the relationship is: for all students is the basis; to change the way of learning,advocating inquiry learning, improve scientific literacy is the goal; focus on the all-round development and lifelong development and personality development is essential. Students' overall development, lifelong development and personality development should be the foothold of curriculum.First, the new curriculum emphasizes "facing the students"""Student oriented" contains four layers of meaning:One is to emphasize the all-round improvement of all aspects of students' quality.The two is to emphasize the "whole" students, so that most students can meet the requirements, success.Three is to emphasize the promotion of each student's "personality" development.The four is the design of curriculum teaching to meet the students' psychological and development characteristics, pay attention to and care for the needs of students, interest, pursuit, experience, experience, feeling, confusion, difficulties and so on.These ideas can only be implemented through the full implementation of teachers in practice.Two, the new curriculum emphasizes "improving students' scientific literacy.""The so-called scientific literacy, simply speaking, is citizens' understanding of science.In the 2061 plan of the American Association for the advancement of Science in 1986, scientific literacy was defined as "having and using the knowledge of science, mathematics and technology to make important decisions about individuals and society."."Scientific literacy is a general goal of science education. It has different requirements for students according to different levels of school education. In teaching practice, it is important for students to find what they learn is interesting, so that they will continue to learn science knowledge formally or informally in the future. In the national curriculum standards of chemistry, and did not make the definition of the connotation of scientific literacy is very clear, just from the curriculum goal perspective into knowledge and skill, process and method, emotion attitude and values of the three aspects, through the three aspects of cultivating the scientific literacy of the civil society in the future.In order to cultivate students' scientific literacy in chemical curriculum reform, is to guide teachers and students to change the traditional tendency of paying too much attention to imparting knowledge and skills, emphasizing the scientific process and methods, pay attention to emotional attitude and value education, to enable students to obtain the process of chemical knowledge and skills become the understanding of chemical, scientific research, social contact the real life and the formation process of scientific values. Some of the scientific literacy can not be covered or can not be fullytested by the examination methods such as paper and pencil test. If teachers only pay attention to the quality of examination in the aspects concerned, it is bound to make all aspects of the quality of students all-round, balanced, harmonious development, the pursuit of this course eventually failed.Three, the new curriculum stipulates that all students should meet the basic requirementsThe new curriculum to make strict control of the learning contents of total, cut a large number of today's social life is rarely used or theory is too strong, too difficult for most students the content of the new curriculum content decreased in quantity and difficulty, to reduce the burden of the students, promote students to the most academic success.Therefore, teachers should pay attention to understand the intention of reform, in the face of the whole class students teaching, do not arbitrarily cut off the content to pick up again, do not easily put down the difficulty raised again. There are still some experimentation area during the experiment unsatisfactory, as some teachers spirit to the new curriculum understanding is not deep, always feel uncomfortable, not enough knowledge to speak, not in place, and in the course of teaching in an effort to complement and expand and deepen, it will again increase the students' the burden of learning, the new curriculum has entered another misunderstanding.Four, the new curriculum strengthens the selectivity, pays attention to the student individualityThe curriculum reform in the curriculum for each student's personality left a lot of space, not only reduce the required courses, elective courses to increase the proportion of class, comprehensive practical activities such as learning time, providing students with free elective content still required courses (such as reading materials). For selective learning content, teachers should respect students' decisions and give necessary guidance. Therefore, teachers should pay attention to correctly handle the study content, be good at teaching students according to the specific situation of stratification.The new curriculum does not over emphasize the rigor of the logic system and the concepts and laws of the discipline itself. Therefore, teachers should not blindly pursue finished speaking through a pole in the end. Teaching should pay attention to content and core concept focused on the new curriculum, and for some of the key concepts, such as acid, alkali, salt, valence etc.,The teaching material uses the easy to understand description, lets the student through the concrete example to understand.Five, the new curriculum emphasizes life oriented and social orientedTeachers should pay attention to the students' existing experience and social life in teaching, make full use of the local school resources, and carry out localization teaching and school-based teaching.The new curriculum emphasizes students' daily life, contact with social reality and new progress in science and technology, such as greatly increase and strengthen ties with the social life of learning content closely in textbooks, especially those with current students living in today's society, practical, modern technology and production practice, the new problems and new situations and new problems (especially is the latest technical problems) contact learning content closely, further expand the scope of knowledge and at the macro level, expand the breadth of learning.In addition, the new curriculum emphasizes to introduce new content from the student's daily life and social practice learning, emphasizes the cultivation of students' ability to abstract and application specific problems of social life in the practical circumstances into theoretical problems of the ability to solve practical problems, which requires students in the face of the actual situation or actual problem first to determine which the problem with the knowledge learned, which can be used to solve the.。
