高考英语语法祈使句讲义和练习含答案

专题15 特殊句式——高效演练一．单句语法填空1.____________ seems to be intense competition among students to enter a key university.【解析】：句意：学生们进入重点大学的竞争似乎很激烈。

考查there be句型。

there be句型中的be有时可用seem to be等替换。

【答案】：There2．After the major earthquake he was surprised at ____________ hungry people were for mental and emotional help.【解析】：句意：大地震之后，他惊讶于人们那么迫切地需要精神和情绪上的帮助。

本题介词at后接宾语从句，且宾语从句为感叹句，how后接形容词hungry；短语be hungry for意为“对......渴望/渴求”。

【答案】：how3.Not until recently they encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.【答案】：did【解析】根据时间状语"recently"及动词encourage可知本句应用一般过去时。

"Not until+状语"位于句首时,句子采用部分倒装。

故填助动词did。

4.If (accept)for the job, you’ll be informed soon.【答案】accepted【解析】句意:如果你被录用做这份工作的话,你会很快收到通知的。

当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句谓语部分有be动词时,状语从句的主语和be动词可以省略。

该题中的条件状语从句补充完整为If you are accepted for the job。

祈使句和连词并列句祈使句1.知识储备：祈使句是表示请求、命令、劝告、祝愿或建议的句子。

一般不出现主语（you），但有时为了指明向谁请求或命令，也可以说出主语；谓语动词一律用原形；否定式一律在动词前面加don’t。

3.考点及考察频率：○1祈使句+and/then/or/before+陈述句(11/22）○2祈使句与反义疑问句（5/22）○3祈使句+破折号（4/22）○4祈使句省略主语（2/22）4.知识考点考察梯度：祈使句+and/before/or/then+陈述句1._______ at the door before entering please. 高一A．Knocked B．To knock C．Knocking D．Knock2.____it with me and I'll see what I can do. 高二A.When leftB.LeavingC.If you leaveD.Leave3.._____ blood if you can and many lives will be saved. 高三A．Giving B．Give C．Given D．To give4.Don't be discouraged. ____ things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life. 高三A. TakingB. To takeC. TakeD. Taken5.There are eight tips in Dr Roger's lecture on -sleep, and one of them is: _____ to bed early unless you think it is necessary. 高三A. doesn't goB. not to goC. not goingD. don't go6. --English has large vocabulary, hasn't it? 高三-Yes, ______ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.A. KnowB. KnowingC. To knowD. Known7.____ straight on and you'll see a church . You won't miss it. 高三A．Go B．Going C．If you go D．When going8. Stand over there ＿＿ yo u'll be able to see it better . 高三A. orB. whileC. butD. and9.______and I’ll get the work finished. 高三A. Have one more hourB. One more hourC. Given one more hourD. If I have one more hour10._____ the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about firefighting.高三A. Having searchedB. To searchC. SearchingD. Search11.Help others whenever you can_____ you will make the world a nicer place to live.A. andB. orC. unlessD. but祈使句与反义疑问句1. Be sure to write to us, ___? 高二A. will youB. aren't youC. can youD. must n't you2. —Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. 高二— ______ .A.I don'tB.I won'tC.I can'tD.I haven't3. —Alice. you feed the bird today,＿＿ ? －But I fed it yesterday. 高二A. do youB. will youC. didn't youD. don't you4. —Write to me whe n you get home. —_________. 高三A．I must B．I should C．I will D．I can5. —Mr. Gordon asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon. Don't you forget it!—OK, I ____. 高三A. won’tB. don’tC. willD. do祈使句+破折号1.___ down the radio—the baby's asleep in the next room. 高二A. TurningB. TurnC. TurnedD. To turn2.______ some of this juice—perhaps you'll like it. 高二A. TryingB. TryC. To tryD. Have tried3.I've never seen anyone run so fast---- ______ David go. 高三A. just watchB. just to watchC. just watchingD. just having watched4.Please do me a favor ---______ my friend Mr. Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight.高三A. to inviteB. invitingC. inviteD. invited祈使句省略主语1.Mary, ______ here - everybody else, stay where you are. 高三A. comeB. comesC. to comeD. coming2．If you have a job， yourse lf to it and finally you’ll succeed．A．do devote B．don't devote C．de voting D．not devoting连词并列句1.知识储备：由并列连词将两个或两个以上平等关系的简单句连接在一起构成的句子叫并列句。

⾼考英语语法考前汇编4、疑问句：▲⼀般疑问句：提问所述情况是否符合事实，要求⽤是还是不是，对还是错（⽤“yes”或“no”）来回答的疑问句叫做⼀般疑问句。

1)⼀般疑问句构成：句中谓语动词是be、情态动词时,则将它们(提前)放到主语前⾯。

（即把主语和be，情态动词调换位置），即“be/情态动词+主语+----”如：Is he an engineer?（他是⼯程师吗？）/ Have you got today’s newspaper? （你有今天的报纸吗？）（特殊情况）/ Shall we go to see a film this evening? （我们今晚去看电影好吗？）/ Can you explain it ?（你能解释它吗？）/ Is there any fish for supper?（晚饭有⻥吗？）/ Would you like to go out for a walk?（你想出去散步吗？）谓语动词如果没有上述词语⽽是其他动词时, 则在主语前⾯加助动词do / does / did, 原来的谓语动词改为原形，即“do+主语+动词原形”。

如：Do you get up at six every morning?（你天天早晨六点起身吗？）/ Does she study hard?（她学习努⼒吗？）/ Did you go there yesterday?（昨天你去那⼉了吗？）2)⼀般疑问句的回答：⼀般疑问句通常⽤简略形式来回答。

如：Will you join us in playing basketball?（你加⼊我们打篮球好吗？）—Yes, we will.（是的我们会。

）/ —No, we won’t.（不我们不会。

）Have you got today’s newspaper?（你有今天的报纸吗？）—Yes, I have .（是的有。

）/ —No, I haven’t.（不没有。

Unit 7 Grammar 祈使句祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、建议或劝告等的句子。

祈使句的主语一般是第二人称（you),但往往省略。

祈使句常常给人以“命令”他人的感觉，使人觉得唐突或莽撞。

祈使句一般不对比自己年长的人使用。

若使用，应加上please,或:使用相对委婉的语调。

例句：Open the window, please.请把窗户打开。

★祈使句的肯定形式祈使句可以以be动词，实义动词和Let开头，其肯定形式为be动词/实义动词/Let+其他部分。

例如：1. Be quiet，kids.孩子们，安静点。

2. Listen to me carefully, please.请仔细听我说话。

3. Let’s tell her the truth.让我们把实情告诉她吧。

★祈使句的否定形式祈使句的否定形式为Don’t/Do not + be动词/实义动词/let+其他部分。

注意;let的否定形式还可以为Let’s + not+动词原形.例如：1. Don’t / Do not be late again.不要再迟到了。

2. Don’t / Do not eat in the classroom.不要在教室里吃东西。

3. Don’t / Do not let her leave alone.不要让她独自离开。

4. Let’s not say anything about it.对于这件事，咱们什么也不要说了。

★除了以上语法规则之外，还应注意社会规则和礼仪。

1.紧急状况。

例如：A girl fell into the lake. Help! Help!一个女孩掉进湖里了。

救命啊！救命啊！2.欢呼喝彩。

例如：Come on，Peter! Make another goal!加油，彼得！再进一个球！3.提出请求。

例如：Dad, buy me the bike, please!爸爸，请给我买这个自行车吧！【扩展】a. 祈使句是一种具有较强交际功能的句型。

应对区爱护学校特殊句式（祈使句、感叹句、省略句）单句语法填空1、—I probably shouldn’t have any more cake.—Oh, __________(go) ahead. It won’t kill you.2、One more hour I’ll get the work finished.3、me tomorrow and I'll let you know the lab result.4、A bit more effort, I think, you will settle the problem.5、______ (make) what you’re doing today important, because you’re trading a day of your life for it.6、What__________shame! In the end, we couldn’t help collecting the rubbish before we left.7、__________ nice a day it is to go to swim!8、—I'm sorry to tell you that you made a mistake in your test.—How can that be? I did it as (tell) in class.9、The government recognizes the legality of the organizations and offers support and guidance when__________(request).10、If__________(ask) to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.单句改错11、Listen carefully and you’ll miss something important._____________________________________________________________________12、Speaking clearly, or you will make yourself misunderstood._____________________________________________________________________13、Only a few days after I arrived in the UK did I realize what changeable the weather was.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________14、How fun it is to swim in the river._____________________________________________________________________15、When asking how he knew where they were, Henry laughed and pointed to a student who was wearing an MIT sweatshirt.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________16、Though face great pressure, the speakers bravely overcame it._____________________________________________________________________17、What he said made me recognize how silly mistakes I had made._____________________________________________________________________18、Follow these tips, your time spent doing research on the Internet will be much more worthwhile. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________19、Knocking at the door before you come in._____________________________________________________________________20、Take the chance and you will regret it._____________________________________________________________________单项选择21、______ the instructions on the packet when you take the drug, and the drug, I think, will work soon.A.FollowB.To followC.FollowingD.Followed22、—English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?—Yes. more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.A.KnowB.KnowingC.To knowD.Known23、______ he had at the zoo yesterday!A.Such a wonderful timeB.So wonderful a timeC.What a wonderful timeD.How wonderful time24、I hope it will be fine this Sunday. __________,we’ll go for an outing.A.If notB.What ifC.Why notD.If so25、Generally speaking,____ according to the directions,the drug has no side effect.A.when takingB.when takenC.when to takeD.when to be taken语法填空26、If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of ①__________(great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of ②__________(achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ③__________(be) often acceptable.Most of us are more focused ④__________our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive ⑤__________possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.Recent ⑥__________(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks ⑦__________(regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for ⑧__________while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely ⑨__________(bring) your work home. It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, ⑩__________(m ake) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.短文改错27、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。

高中英语高考高频考点讲解〔时间状语从句+祈使句的被动态+动名词的运用一、时间状语从句1.我们在看到这款新型机器之前早就听说过它了。

(before)We had heard about this new type of machine long before we saw it.2.过了三个月她才意识到被伴侣耍了。

(before)时间状语从句It was three months later before she realized that she was fooled by her friends.此句汉语提示词如改成(until),那么可译成:She didn’t realize that she was fooled by her friends until three months later.3.让我们把全部内容争论一下再做最终的打算。

(before)Let's talk all this over /discuss all this again before we make a final decision4.昨夜我正在做梦时被一声巨响吵醒。

(when)Last night I was dreaming when I was awakened/woken up by a tremendous great noise.此句可能会译成:Last night I was awakened/ woken up by a tremendous/great noise when I was dreaming 两句侧重点不同,但皆属正确译句。

5.他刚要对我说出隐秘,这时有人拍了一下他的肩膀。

(when)He was about to tell me the secret when someone patted him on the shoulder6.布来克先生直到年老多病才从监狱放出来。

(until)Mr. Black wasn’t set free from prison until he was old and sick.此句也可译成以 It 起句的强调句式:It was not until he was old and sick that Mr. Black was set free from prison.7.一旦他打定留意，我将无法影响他。

感叹句、祈使句及反意疑问句DCACD CBDAB ACAAA DDADC定语从句CBDDB ACDCA DDADD ADBDD BBADA DDDDD BCADD ABDAD BD名词性从句ADCBA DCCCA CDDAB DABBA CCAAD DDCCD ACBCD BABCB状语从句AAACD ACBDA BDDCA CBDCD BACDB DAABB DDCBB DACCB DADDA DDDCD DADBC D虚拟语气DBBBB BDBCC BDCDC ADCDB倒装句CCBDA BBDCA BBDBA BDBAA DBDCD AABBBIT的用法与强调句ABABA CDADC DCCBB DDBDA AADCA BBD(无29题)C BACDD主谓一致DCBAC BADDC CAAAD DCBAA DADAA ACACA省略与替代DADAC BABAB AABAC DACDA常见的标点符号的用法DDADB ABBCC DDADD ADABC BCAAD ACBDA ADDBB CBABB CCCCA动词ACBCA CCDBD DACAB DDAAA CADBC BBABD BBCDB英语动词时态DBCDD AADAA ABBBB DDCDC DCBCA CBCBD ADCDB CDABC BBBDCADDBD CDCBC CDABA ABCDA C被动语态BADAC ABCDC BDCCB CBDCA ADDAB DCB现在分词BBAAC DCDCA BABAB BBDBB ACBBA BCCAA C动名词练习BCABD ACDDA CDCDB DCDCB D不定式ACDBB ACBAC DCDAB AACCD BBBDB BBCAC 过去分词DCCBB CACAA DCAAB DCBAA AAADB 情态动词DDBCD BBAAB BCDCC CDCAB CDBDC CAADA DCADC DCBBA BA动词词组DCDBB CADBC CDDCB ABBAA CABCB DADDA CDABA AADAC CACBC ABDBA 名词BDABD AAABD CDCBC DBDAC BBADA BCAAC代词CBBAB CBDBC CDCAA BDACA DADBB DDDAB数词ADCAC CDDDB ACACB CBDDA ACAAC 冠词DCBAC ACABD BBBCC ADCBD DCCBD B(无27题)DCB CB形容词CBBAD DDBCB CBDCA BBCCB ADBDB CACBB DCCAC ADBCB副词AACCA AAADC DCCCB BCDDB BCCBD ACA并列连词ACBAB DDDDC ACABC BDBCD ACBAD句子成分；简单句、并列句和复合句练习一：一、1、主语，定语；2、间接宾语；3、谓语，状语；4、定语；5、状语，状语；6、定语，表语；7、宾语，状语；8、谓语，主语；9、谓语；10、主语，表语；11、谓语，宾语；12、状语；13、形式宾语，真正宾语；14、宾语、定语；15、插入语，状语；16、宾语(间宾+直宾)；17、状语，状语；18、形式主语，表语，宾补；19、宾补；20、表语二、略三、略四、1~5 CBDBB 6~10 ACBAB练习二：一、1、简单句；2、复合句；3、简单句；4、简单句；5、并列句；6、复合句；7、并列句；8、复合句；9、简单句；10、简单句二、I hope you are very well（复合句）. I'm fine, but tired（简单句）. Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm（并列句）. August is the hottest month here（简单句）. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.（并列句）Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors（简单句）. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat（并列复合句）. We have a lot of machines on the farm（简单句）. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him（复合句）. But he employs more men for the harvest（简单句）. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden（简单句）. It doesn't often rain in the summer here（简单句）. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden（简单句）. Every evening we pump water from a well（简单句）. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden（简单句）.Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time（简单句）. These parties often make us very happy（简单句）. We cook meat on an open fire outside（简单句）. It's great（简单句）! Americans eat a lot of meat —too much in my opinion（简单句）. Some of my friends drink beer（简单句）. I don't, because I have to drive home after the party（复合句）. In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the States（简单句）. There are five different time areas in the States（简单句）. In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time （简单句）. How many different time areas do you have in China（简单句）? Well, I must stop and get some sleep（简单句）. Please give my best regards to your parents（简单句）.三、1~5 ACADD 6~10 BCBDC 11~15 ADBCC 16~20 ABADB 21~25 DDDCD 26~30 ADDBD 四、1. He doesn’t dare to tell the truth. 或He dare not tell the truth. 2. How long have they lived here? 3. won’t there 4. Be careful with your pronunciation.5. Did they go for a walk after supper yesterday evening?6. What an interesting story (it is)! 或How interesting the story is!7. How often does this magazine come out?8. could they9. How brightly the moon is shining! 10. Who is always encouraging us to speak English in class?。

完全倒装谓语动词完全放在主语之前的句子，便是完全倒装句，或叫全部倒装。

1．表示方位或方向的副词或介词短语，如here, there, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall以及表示时间的now, then等，置于句首且主语是名词时，句子完全倒装。

►Be quick！Here comes the bus.快点，公共汽车来了！►For a moment nothing happened. Then came voices all shouting together.片刻之间什么声音也没有，之后大家一起欢呼起来。

【注意】上述情况中，若主语是人称代词，则句子用部分倒装。

►Away they went.他们走了。

►Over it turns!它翻过来了！2．表语＋连系动词＋主语(表语可以是：形容词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词)►Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.出席会议的有怀特教授，史密斯教授还有许多其他客人。

3．such＋be＋主语►Such are the facts: no one can deny them.这些就是事实，没有人可以否认它们。

部分倒装部分倒装只是把谓语的一部分提到主语前面，即把谓语部分的“助动词/情态动词/be 动词”提到主语的前面，谓语的其他部分仍在主语后面。

1．So/Neither/Nor＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语(表示前一句中的内容也适合另一人或另一事物)►Lily can't play table–tennis. Neither can I.莉莉不会打乒乓球，我也不会。

2．否定副词never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely等，及表示否定意义的介词短语at no time, in no case, under/in no circumstances, by no means, on no condition等置于句首时。

小升初英语语法知识专项练习祈使句一、单项选择1．你想告诉朋友去客厅看电视，你应该说：A. Go to the li ving room take a shower.B. Go to the study watch TV.C. Go to the living room watch TV.2．______sing . The boy is sleeping.A. NotB. NoC. Don’t3．_______ your hands.A. ClapB. StampC. Touch4．_____ draw a monkey .A. LetB. Let’sC. Lets5．_____ the window.A. Turn onB. Put upC. Close6．.---Put away your books. ---__________A. Thanks.B. All right.C. Sorry.7．_____clean the classroom.A. LetB. Let’sC. Lets8．_____ the window.A. Turn onB. Put upC. Open9．Let’s _______a card for our parents.A. makeB. makesC. to make10．Let me ______ you .A. helpingB. helpsC. help11．— Here are your babies.— _______A. Here you are.B. Thank you.C. You are welcome.12．________ make the room mess.A. Don’tB. DoC. WillD. Are 13．argue！What’s the ?A. Not, matterB. Don’t, matterC. Do, matter 14．Don’t your car here.A. parkB. parkingC. parks15．______(起立), Lingling.A .Stand upB .Sit down C. Goodbye16．________ when you cross the road.A. Do careB. CareC. Be c areful 17．clean the classroom !A. Let weB. Let’sC. Let’s me18．-----No problem . Let me_______you .-----Thank you .A. to helpB. helpingC. help19．Let’s ____________ the lake.A. to go toB. go toC. to go20．I’m very hungry. ____ go to a restaurant.A. LetB. Let’sC. Lets’21．Don’t ________on the road.A. runB. to runC. running 22．walk on the grass .A. Don’tB. Doesn’tC. Do23．_____clea n the desk.A. LetB. Let’sC. Lets24．________ play in the toilet.A. NoB. NotC. Don’t25．如果你想叫别人开门，可以这样说：A. Go to the door.B. Open the door, please.C. Close the door, please.26．_______ litter here please!A. Can’tB. Don’tC. Isn’t27．A．Let's_____ school.A. go toB.goC.to28．Let’s _________!A. paint B .paints C. painting29．_____ your book _____ the desk,Jim.A.put,withB.Touch,withC.Put,on30．Let’s ________the candles and sing the birthday song.A. lightsB. lightC. lighting31．_____the door, please.A. opensB. OpenC. Opened32．______ worry , little Tom . I’ll go with you .A. Don’tB. Doesn’tC. can’t33．Come and________my family.A．look B．looking C．meet34．It’s cold . ________ the window, please.A. CloseB. openC. Open35．Let’s _______ and see.A. goB. to goC. going36．________ me today’s paper, and ________ this b anana to your grandpa, please.A. Bring; takeB. Take; bringC. Carry; bringD. Take; carry（参考答案）一、单项选择1．【答案】C【解析】客厅the living room，看电视watch TV，所以本题答案为C。

【Unit 8 语法：】一：祈使句句型详解祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。

其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号.1. 肯定的祈使句（1）动词原形+其他Stand up, please. = Please stand up.（2）Be + adj.Be careful! = Look out! = Take care!（3）Let's + 动词原形Let’s go to school together.2. 否定的祈使句(1) Don't + 动词原形或者never + 动词原形Don't stand up.Don't be careless.Don't let them play with fire.Never let your parents down.（2）Let's ( let sb ) + not + 动词原形Let's not say anything about it.Let them not play with fire.( 3 ) No + 动词ingNo talking! No disturbing! No smoking!3.祈使句的反意疑问句1）肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will youPlease open the door, will you?2）否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分也用will you。

Don't be late again, will you?3）以let's开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall we。

Let's turn on the TV, shall we?【注意】只有以let's开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shall we，而let us 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为will you如：Let us stay here, will you?4. 常用祈使句句型祈使句+ or +将来时句型(…否则…)祈使句+and + 将来时句型(…然后…)Take a taxi，or (否则)we will miss the press conference.Put your heads together, and（然后）you will find a better solution to this problem.二：It’s time (for sb) to do 该做……事的时候了。