★1My View on Ancient Mesopotamian Civilization
★2Greek Influence On Western Culture .论文
★3My View on Comparison between Socrates and Confucius Referring to Socrates, some people may think that Socrates is a Western Confucius. They have much in common. Both of them are the father of the world whom influenced many people around home and abroad from ancient to now.;both make great contribution on education,philosophy and politics; Both of them had great influence on their followers and so on.
However, as a result of differences in thought, background and other aspects, there were also some differences between them. One key point is that Socrates emphisized individualism while confucius the collectivism.(这句是瞎掰的，不知道对不对)
Socrates and Confucius had many similarities as well as difference, yet their contribution to human being in education, philosophy and other aspects are indelible.
★4 Greek civilization
Greek civilization as we think of it is primarily an idealized view of one group of Greeks based in and around the city states
Athens which has come to symbolize the development of rationality, ethics and logic.
It was a period of political, philosophical, artistic, and scientific achievements that formed a legacy with unparalleled influence on Western civilization.
★17 How about the development of democracy in the West?
1Demoncracy is usually thought to have begun with Greeks,. 2To the Greeks, membership in the polis or the city state was the epitome of freedom.
3The Roman Republic, in the centuries preceding the coming of Christ, succeeded in the establishing a form of government with more continuity and more positive demoncratic elements than that of Greek city states.
4Then in the fourth century the Empire turned into something new with the legalization of Christianity. What resulted was a strange hybird in which empiror and pope struggled over the centuries for the previlege of holding political power. During this period ,certain development did take place which led in the direction of mordern democracy.
5In a theocratic(神权)government, king and priest were both present, and the fact provided a beginning measure of separation
of powers which was to become important in the growth of demoncratic governments.
6In England demoncracy was deeply influnced by the old testament. In France, demoncracy grew in a situation which emphasized human autonomy(自制) and human reason. In the United States we can see a mixture of the two influnces.
7So Christianity has played a significant role in the development of Western demoncracy.
★5Roman Empire (教材P195)
The Roman Emperor was the ruler of the Roman State during the imperial period (starting at about 27 BC).
Arising from a small group of pastoralists in the northern Italy the romans conquered and absorbed traits and characteristics from many nations of themseves. In spreading out and controlling lands far from their own they imposed a coda of laws which has a profound influnce on western world.
Law, lauguage,writing, engineering and military all descend in in unbroken passage from the Latin Ameis. French,Spanish, German and English all bear the Roman imprimateur.
?★13Why was the influence of Roman laws so far-reaching?★6On the Influence of Greco-Roman Heritage of the Western Civilization. 这个不考
