教育技术学专业英语复习资料全
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教育技术学专业英语词汇closed circuit television 闭路电视教授Airborne Television Instruction空中电视教学Commission on Educational Television教育电视委员会computer-assisted instruction (CAI) 计算机辅助教学training industry 培训公司academic years 学年度electronic performance support system 电子绩效支持系统knowledge management system知识管理系统constructivist perspective建构主义Department of Instructional System Technology教学系统技术系Instructional Media and Technologies for Learning教学媒体与技术technologies for learning 学习技术seatwork:课堂作业14.Individualized instruction个别化教学15.Reinforcement or feedback强化或反馈15.Realistic context真实的情境16.Cooperative groups协作小组17.hard technology 硬技术18.soft technology软技术19.heterogeneous groups异质小组20. learning center学习中心21. Learning carrels个别化学习台22. reinforcement theory 强化理论23. method of instruction 教学方法24. linear programming| format直线式程序25. programmed instruction 程序教学26. intrinsic programming线性程序27. remedial explanations 补救性解释28. branching programming|format分支式程序29. Web-based instruction.基于网络的教学30.Programmed tutoring 程序化辅导31. structured tutoring结构化辅导32. self-instructional material 自学材料33. Programmed teaching程序化授课34.Personalized System of Instruction (PSI)个人教学系统35. instructional principles 教学原理36. entry skills 入门技能37. screening device筛选工具38. systems approach系统方法39. small steps小步子40. overt responses 外显反应41.immediate feedback即时反馈42. empirical approach 经验主义方法43. formative evaluation形成性评价44.summative evaluation 总结性评价45. instructional design models教学设计模式46. behavioral objectives行为目标47. self-instructional system 个别化教学系统48. cognitive domain 认知领域49. norm-referenced 常模参照测验50.criterion-referenced 标准参照测验51.outcomes-verbal information言语信息52. intellectual skills智力技能53. psychomotor skills动作技能54. cognitive strategies认知策络55. events of instruction教学事件56cognitive psychology 认知心理学57. computer-based instruction基于计算机的教学58. front-end analysis前段分析59.Metacognition元认知60. cognitive awareness认知知觉61. metacognitive strategies 元认知策络62.Metamerory元记忆63.memory strategies 记忆策略64.Metacomprehension元理解65. Schema training图式训练66. multimedia learning environments 多媒体学习环境67. embedded information management信息管理68. database analysis数据库分析69. multimedia design多媒体设计70. Multimedia computer systems 多媒体计算机系统71. videodisc player 光盘播放器72. compression technology压缩技术73. analog formats 模拟格式74.Compression software压缩软件75. Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI). 音乐设备数字接口Speech synthesisi 语音合成Virtual reality虚拟现实Cognitive awarenesss 认知知觉Compression techonology 压缩技术Analog formats 模拟形式OHP(overhead projector投影仪)OHT(overhead transparency 投影片)Videotape录像带CLEs(constuctive learning environmet)建构主义学习环境Knowledge construction知识建构Meaning learning 有意义学习Activity theory 持续活动论COLs(communities of leaners )学习者共同体Ph ysical Capital 物质资本Human capital人力资本Performance technology 绩效技术In the same wein 同样的On-demand 随机的Stand-alone 独立的HPT(human performance technology)人类绩效技术Behavioral and cognitive specialists行为和认知心理专家Human resouece specilists人力资源专家Integrated learning system 综合学习系统EPSS electronic performance support system 电子绩效支持系统Expert system 专家系统Informance base 信息库Embedded coaching 嵌入式指导Expert advisor专家顾问Leaning experience 学习经历Knowledge assets知识资产Performance problems绩效问题Audio teleconferencing 音频会议系统Audiographics conferencing 音频图形会议系统Videoconferencing 视频会议系统High-resolution 高分辨率Full-color真彩色Ad hoc 特定,专门,临时IST (interactive instruction television )交互式电视系统Interactive video and videotext 交互式视频显示技术Correspondence education函授教育Advance organize 先行组织者Inquiry learning 提问式学习,问究学习Progressive discourse 渐进式交流Situation cognition情景认知Instructional model教学模型Vocational classe职业课程systems approach 系统方法desired learning outcome期望的到的结果。
Chapter Five Learning Theories第五章学习理论Section B Behaviorism B部分行为主义What is Behaviorism? 什么是行为主义?Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up in and I'll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select -- doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief and, yes, even beggar-man and thief, regardless of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vocations, and race of his ancestors.给我一打健康、外形完好的婴儿,把他们放在我设计的特殊的环境里培养,我敢保证,随便挑出一个来,我就能把他训练成为我所选择的任何一类专家---医生、律师、艺术家、商业首领,甚至是乞丐或小偷,而无论他的才能、爱好、倾向、能力或他的先辈的职业和种族是什么。
Behavioral psychology, also known as behaviorism, is a theory of learning based upon the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning.Conditioning occurs through interaction with the environment.According to behaviorism, behavior can be studied in a systematic and observable manner with no consideration of internal mental states.行为心理学,也称为行为主义,是一种基于所有的行为都是通过条件刺激而产生的学习理论。
什么是传播理论传播与人类生活息息相关,人类生活的任何学习研究都会涉及到这一课题,一些学者试传播为中心,而另一些人则是外围,但是它一直都存在。
任何试图解释或代表一个经验的都是一种理论,并了解发生了什么,每个人都是用理论来指导我们的想法和行为,他们仿造事件的模式,所以才知道发生了什么,吸引我们注意日常生活的重要方面,帮助我们解决什么事重要的什么不是,使我们能够预测接下来会发生什么,传播理论亦是如此。
传播理论是一个单一的理论,或者可以用来指明在关于传播的整个主要理论中发现的集体智慧。
关于什么才是适当的传播理论存在着很大的分歧传播的层次多年来关于传播领域如何自我形成是非常有趣的,无论好坏,一个非常强的模式已经发展到可以根据个人参与水平的不断提高来划分领域,随着一些变化,一般的模式有人际之间的、团体的、组织的和大众的传播。
人际传播处理人与人之间的传播,通常是面对面私人之间的设置。
团体传播是关于小的群体之间的人的相互作用,通常是决策的设置,它必然包括人际之间的相互作用,大部分的人际之间的传播理论也适用于团体层面。
组织传播发生在大的合作网络,它包括人际与团体传播的几乎所有方面,它包括的课题如结构、组织的功能、人际关系、沟通和组织的过程与组织文化。
最后,通常大众传播通过调解来处理公共传播,在大众传播过程中涉及许多方面的人际的、团体的和组织的传播。
核心传播理论你会遇到许多关于处理传播的特殊方面的理论。
一些理论则解释了传播所独有的层面。
反之,其他的理论则关注了所有传播所共有的常规概念和一般过程。
我们就可以传播的一般处理方法为核心传播理论。
核心理论是特别有意义的,因为它帮助我们在大体上理解了传播。
不论传播在什么时候发生,核心理论都为传播活动的过程提供了见解。
以下的列表列举了核心传播理论的典型要素。
第一,核心理论告诉了我们传播的发展。
第二,核心理论强调了意义的产生与诠释。
第三,核心理论讨论信息结构,亦即信息的元素的组成成分,包括语言、文字与非语文的文本。
教育技术学专业英语词汇(1)curriculum 课程计划pilot test 试行mechanism 机制trial 尝试Pragmatic philosophy实用主义哲学Discipline Forming 学科建立Communication Theory 传播理论programmed instruction 程序教学Operational Research 运筹学Logic theory 逻辑学Descriptive Discipline 描述性的学科Prescriptive Discipline 规定性的学科Probabilistic 概率性军队、工业、公司培训领域、职业教育领域、学校教育、远程教育、全民社会教育Training for Military, Industry, Corporation ;Vocational Education ,School Education ,Distance Education,Education for allClassroom-focus 以"课堂"为中心Product-focus以"产品"为中心System-focus以"系统"为中心Ideology 指导思想Formative evaluation 形成性评价Summative evaluation 总结性评价Modern ideology of education 现代教育观念Systematic ID系统化教学设计Systemic ID 整体化教学设计Didactics, Instructional Theory and ID 教学论、教学理论与教学设计manifest 说明Random access learning 随机进入学习Situated learning 情境学习Anchored learning 锚定式情境学习教学论--哲学取向philosophy-oriented探求规律并解释现象教学理论--心理学取向psychology-oriented --- 探求在一定情境下,为达到目的,而采用的总体方法教学(设计)理论sound 丰富的,合理的,充分的。
1. behavioral objectives movement 行为目标运动During this period,several major events influenced the future development of audiovisual movement,and one of them is the behavioral objectives movement.在这个时期,几个主要的项目影响了视听运动将来的发展,并且其中之一就是行为目标运动。
2. cognitive psychology 认知心理学The theories of communications,general system and cognitive psychology were introduced into the field.传播学理论、一般系统论和认知心理学等各种理论被引入到这一领域中。
3. Communications 传播,传播学The theories of communications,general system and cognitive psychology were introduced into the field.传播学理论、一般系统论和认知心理学等各种理论被引入到这一领域中。
4. cone of experience 经验之塔The cone of experience served as a visual analogy for levels of concreteness and abstractness of teaching methods and instructional materials.经验之塔作为一个视觉类比于具体的水平和教学方法和教学物质的纯理论。
5. Constructivism 建构主义Another factor that affected the field during the 1980s-present was the growing interest in constructivism(Reiser,2001,p.63).在20世纪八十年代另一个影响了这个领域的因素▔人们对建构注意的热情在迅速增长。
第八章Section B Systems Theory:the Basics①A system is an organized structure of matter and energy existing in a dimension of time and space.More than a collection of parts, once organized’the system has properties that are not present when the parts are separate.一个系统是物质和能量的组织结构存在于一个维度的时间和空间。
超过一个收集的部分,曾经组织的系统特性,不存在时,这部分是分开的。
All things can be viewed as systems and/or as part of a system,composed of systems and interfacing with other systems.Systems show a circular and cyclic quality to their functioning.Certain principles apply to all systems while other principles are unique to specific types of systems.All are interconnected and affect other systems to varying degrees.All systems are constantly changing and are in dynamic balance with each other.任何事情都可以视为系统和/或作为一个系统,由系统与其他系统和接口。
系统显示一个圆形和循环质量的功能。
某些原则适用于所有其他原则系统,独特的具体类型的系统。
教育技术学&业英语翻译中译英一、信息时代的个人知识管理探微在技术进步日新月异的信息时代,个人知识的系统高效管理己经成为知识经济发展的必需。
本文探讨了个人知识管理的基本概念和上要内容,着重介绍如何利用先进的信息技术工具辅助个人知识管理,最终实现个人知识管理系统的构架。
【关键词】知识管理,个人知识管理,个人知识管理系统The information age of personal knowledge management agentIn the rapid progress in technology of the information era, personal knowledge system of effective management has become necessary in the development of knowledge economy. This paper discusses the basic concept of personal knowledge management and the main content」ocus on how to utilize the advanced info rmation tech no logy tools to support personal knowledge management, finally realizes the personal knowledge management system framework.[key words ] Knowledge management, personal knowledge management, personal knowledge management system二、知识分享与教师专业发展知识分享是知识拥有者通过沟通的方式将知识传播给知识重建者的过程。
学校教师的知识分享成为教师专业发展的重要手段、过程与口的。
教育技术学专业英语复习资料• 学习结果(Learning Outcomes)分类理论 言语信息(Verbal Information)智慧技能(Intellectual Skills)辨别(Discriminations)具体概念(Concrete Concepts)定义性概念(Defined Concepts)规则(Rules)高级规则认知策略(Cognitive Strategies)动作技能(Motor Skills)态度(Attitudes)•引起注意(Gain attention)•告知目标(Inform learner of objectives)•提示回忆原有知识(Stimulate recall of prior learning)•呈现教材(Present stimulus material) •提供学习指导(Provide learner guidance) •引出作业(Elicit performance)•提供反馈(Provide feedback)•评估作业(Assess performance)•促进保持与迁移(Enhance retention transfer)•Educational technology is the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and managingappropriate technological processes and resources.(Molenda and Robinson , 2004)教育技术是指通过创建、运用和管理适当的技术过程和资源来促进学习和提升绩效的研究和符合职业道德规范实践。
Nine events of instruction九段教学法:1.Gaining attention: a stimulus change toalert the learner and focus attention on desired features.–引起注意:改变刺激,将学习者注意力集中在所期望的特征上。
缩写:CAI:computer—assisted instruction 计算机辅助教学ISD:instructional systems design 教学系统设计ICT:Information (and) Communication Technology 信息与通信技术EPSS:electronic performance support systems 电子绩效支持系统SME:Subject Matter Expert 学科内容专家LMS:Learning Management Systems 学习管理系统IV:independent variable自变量DV:dependent variable 因变量第一节 20世纪20年代之前支持教育技术学的一个基本原理是基于经验主义原则,这些原则能产生明显有效的教学。
同时许多贡献都能够被列举出来作为重要的流行的教育观念,美国哥伦比亚大学的行为主义心理学家桑代克对教育技术学这一领域可能是最具权威和特别重要的。
做为较早的致力于人类学习研究,特别是为教育技术学建立科学知识体系,桑代克是重要的。
另一个支持教育技术学的观念是进步主义理论。
这个理论是建立在教育哲学的基础之上的并且与这一领域最具相关的。
进步主义认为经验是理解的关键同时“个人拥有的最重要的力量是他可以共享的经验才能,这些经验解决了由先天智力手段引起的无数问题”。
这应该是教育技术学领域所遵循的模式。
在早期,听觉教学和视听教学被看做是传统教学方法过度言语主义的解决方法。
应用在教育中的支持经验主义的新媒体为概念思维提供了有形的基础,使得学习更加持久,促进了思维的连续性,促进了学习的意义,效率,深度和广度的发展。
第二节 20世纪20年代到20世纪40年代视听运动的发起可以追溯到20世纪早期学校和博物馆开始使用视觉符号比如图画,印刷品,幻灯片,电影和模型来支持口语教学。
随着成为正式课程视觉教学运动中在1918年到1928年间得到了巨大的成长,视觉教育领域的专业组织和期刊,研究报告,还有管理单位也逐步形成。
言语信息(Verbal Information)智慧技能(Intellectual Skills)辨别(Discriminations)具体概念(Concrete Concepts)定义性概念(Defined Concepts)规则(Rules)高级规则认知策略(Cognitive Strategies)动作技能(Motor Skills)态度(Attitudes)•引起注意(Gain attention)•告知目标(Inform learner of objectives)•提示回忆原有知识(Stimulate recall of prior learning)•呈现教材(Present stimulus material)•提供学习指导(Provide learner guidance)•引出作业(Elicit performance)•提供反馈(Provide feedback)•评估作业(Assess performance)•促进保持与迁移(Enhance retention transfer)•Educational technology is the study and ethical practice of facilitatinglearning and improving performance by creating, using, and managingappropriate technological processes and resources.(Molenda and Robinson , 2004)教育技术是指通过创建、运用和管理适当的技术过程和资源来促进学习和提升绩效的研究和符合职业道德规范实践。
Nine events of instruction九段教学法:1.Gaining attention: a stimulus change to alert the learner and focus attentionon desired features.–引起注意:改变刺激,将学习者注意力集中在所期望的特征上。
rming the learner of the objective: a statement or demonstration to forman expectancy in the learner as to the goals of instruction.–告知学习者学习目标:通过陈述或示范在学习者中形成对教学目标的期望3.Stimulating recall of prior learning: a question or activity to remind thelearner of prerequisite knowledge.–刺激回忆先前学过的内容:通过问题或活动使学习者回想起先前所学知识4.Presenting the stimulus: an activity or information that presents thecontent of what is to be learned.–呈现刺激:用活动或信息来呈现即将学习的内容。
5.Providing learning guidance: a cue or strategy to promote encoding.–提供学习指导:促进编码的线索或策略6.Eliciting performance: an opportunity to practice or otherwise perform whatis being learned.–引出行为:提供实践的机会或执行所学内容7.Providing feedback: information of a corrective nature that will helplearners to improve their performance.–提供反馈:正确的信息反馈有助于学习者提升成绩。
8.Assessing performance: an opportunity to demonstrate what has been learned.–评价行为:提供评价所学知识的机会9.Enhancing retention and transfer: examples or activities that prompt thelearner to go beyond the immediate context of instruction.–保持促进和转移:提供案例或活动,以促进学习者对当前教学情境知识进行迁移第九章Reclaiming Instructional Design (回归教学设计)1.Instructional science is concerned with the discovery of the naturalprinciples involved in instructional strategies; and instructional design is the use of these scientific principles to invent instructional design procedures and tools.–教学科学关注的是与教学策略关系密切的自然原理的发现;教学设计是运用科学原理创建教学设计程序和工具。
2.Instructional design is a technology for the development of learningexperiences and environments which promote the acquisition of specific knowledge and skill by students.–教学设计是开发能促进学生获得特定知识和技能的学习体验和环境的技术。
3.Instructional design is a technology which incorporates known and verifiedlearning strategies into instructional experiences which make the acquisition of knowledge and skill more efficient, effective and appealing.–教学设计是将已知的和已证实的学习策略融入教学体验的技术,使得知识和技能的获取更快、更有效和更有吸引力。
4.While instruction takes place in a larger organization context, thetechnology of instructional design is concerned only with the development of learning experiences and environments, not with the broader concerns of systemic change, organizational behavior, performance support and other human resource problems.–当教学发生在一个较大的组织环境中,教学设计技术仅与学习体验和环境的开发有关,而与系统变化、组织行为、绩效支持和其他人力资源问题无关。
5.Instructional involves directing students to appropriate learningactivities; guiding students to appropriate knowledge; helping students rehearse, encode and process information; monitoring students performance;and providing feedback as to the appropriateness of the student’s learning activities and practice performance. Instructional design is the technology of creating learning experiences and learning environments which promote these instructional activities.–教学包括为学生指明适当的学习活动,引导学生学习适当的知识,帮助学生练习、编码和加工信息;监测学生的行为;提供作为学生学习活动和练习成绩恰当性反馈。
教学设计是创建促进这些教学活动的学习体验和学习环境的技术。
第十二章6.Needs assessment;需求评估7.Goal and objective identification;目标识别8.Audience and setting analysis受众和环境分析9.Content and delivery development内容和传送系统开发10.Evaluation and redesign 评价和修正11.Classroom orientation ID models: classroom ID models are of interestprimarily to professional teachers who accept as a given rule that their role is to teach, and that their students require some form of instruction.Teaching personnel usually views an ID model as a general road map to follow.Typically, a classroom ID model outlines only a few functions, and simply provides a guide for the teacher. The developer who works with teachers would do well to employ any ID model with caution because teachers are not likely to be familiar with the concepts or processes of systematic instructional development.–面向课堂的教学设计模型:对课堂教学设计模型感兴趣的主要是专业教师,他们的既定认识是,教师的角色就是讲授,而学生需要某种形式的教学。